Middle-deep layer geothermal heat exchange system
By using the inner pipe, heat pipe, and jacket structure of the medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, combined with shape memory insulation materials and liquid absorbent core materials, the problems of low geothermal energy collection efficiency and energy waste have been solved, achieving efficient heat transfer and high-quality heating.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520432681.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing geothermal energy extraction methods result in low heat transfer efficiency, and heat loss becomes severe as well depth increases, requiring increased extraction volume, which leads to energy consumption and over-exploitation of underground thermal reservoirs.
The system employs a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, including an inner pipe, heat pipe, and jacket structure. It utilizes the phase change of the working fluid inside the heat pipe to transfer heat, and improves heat transfer efficiency and reduces underground loss through shape memory insulation materials and liquid absorbent core materials.
It improves heat collection efficiency, reduces energy consumption, avoids over-exploitation of underground thermal reservoirs, and ensures heating quality and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223869507U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of geothermal heating technology, and in particular to a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system. Background Technology
[0002] Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source that originates from the decay of molten magma and radioactive materials on Earth and exists in the form of heat.
[0003] Currently, geothermal wells are typically drilled deep underground, and high-temperature geothermal fluids are extracted from the bottom of the well to the surface via a single pipe, directly transported to the heating system for heat exchange. However, during heat extraction, the heat transfer efficiency is limited due to relying solely on a single pipe. As the depth of the geothermal well increases, the geothermal fluids continuously exchange heat with the surrounding strata during their ascent, resulting in significant heat loss and reducing the effective heat available to the surface. To compensate for the heat loss during the ascent, it is often necessary to increase the extraction rate of the geothermal fluids. This not only increases energy consumption but may also lead to over-exploitation of underground geothermal reservoirs. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, which solves the problem of over-exploitation of underground thermal reservoirs caused by existing heat collection methods.
[0005] This utility model provides a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, which includes a heat exchange mechanism and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a connecting structure, a first conveying structure, and a second conveying structure. The input end of the first conveying structure is connected to the output end of the connecting structure, and its output end is connected to a geothermal water supply pipeline. The input end of the second conveying structure is connected to a geothermal return water pipeline, and its output end is connected to the first input end of the connecting structure. The heat exchange mechanism is buried below the ground surface and includes an inner tube, a heat pipe, and a sleeve. The heat pipe is sleeved on the inner tube, and the sleeve is sleeved on the heat pipe. The input end of the heat pipe is connected to the output end of the connecting structure, the output end of the heat pipe is connected to the input end of the inner tube, and the output end of the inner tube is connected to the second input end of the connecting structure.
[0006] In one possible implementation, the connection structure includes a central tube, a technical sleeve, and a wellhead cover; the input end of the central tube is connected to the output end of the inner tube, and its output end is connected to the input end of the first conveying structure; the technical sleeve and the wellhead cover are both fitted onto the central tube, and the technical sleeve is connected to the output ends of the heat pipe and the wellhead cover; the input end of the wellhead cover is connected to the output end of the second conveying structure.
[0007] In one possible implementation, the first conveying structure includes a first conveying pipe, a first exhaust pipe, a second conveying pipe, a first eccentric butterfly valve, a first thermometer, and a first pressure gauge; the input end of the first conveying pipe is connected to the output end of the central pipe, the output end of the first conveying pipe is connected to the input end of the first exhaust pipe, the output end of the first exhaust pipe is connected to the input end of the second conveying pipe, and the output end of the second conveying pipe is connected to the geothermal water supply pipeline; the first eccentric butterfly valve, the first thermometer, and the first pressure gauge are all mounted on the second conveying pipe.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the outer wall of the second delivery pipe is wrapped with shape memory insulation material.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the second conveying structure includes a third conveying pipe, a second vent pipe, a second eccentric butterfly valve, a second thermometer, and a second pressure gauge; the input end of the third conveying pipe is connected to the geothermal return water pipe, the output end of the third conveying pipe is connected to the input end of the second vent pipe, and the output end of the second vent pipe is connected to the input end of the wellhead cover; the second eccentric butterfly valve, the second thermometer, and the second pressure gauge are all mounted on the third conveying pipe.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the outer wall of the third delivery pipe is wrapped with shape memory insulation material.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the inner wall of the heat pipe is provided with a wicking material.
[0012] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this utility model have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
[0013] This utility model provides a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, which includes a heat exchange mechanism and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a connecting structure, a first conveying structure, and a second conveying structure. The input end of the first conveying structure is connected to the output end of the connecting structure, and its output end is connected to a geothermal water supply pipeline. The input end of the second conveying structure is connected to a geothermal return water pipeline, and its output end is connected to the first input end of the connecting structure. The heat exchange mechanism is buried below the ground surface and includes an inner pipe, a heat pipe, and a sleeve. The heat pipe is sleeved on the inner pipe, and the sleeve is sleeved on the heat pipe. The input end of the heat pipe is connected to the output end of the connecting structure, the output end of the heat pipe is connected to the input end of the inner pipe, and the output end of the inner pipe is connected to the second input end of the connecting structure. In practical applications, the water in the inner pipe absorbs heat transferred by the working fluid of the heat pipe during the process of being transported to the connecting structure, becoming high-temperature water. The connecting structure then transports the high-temperature water to the first conveying structure, which in turn transports it to the geothermal water supply pipeline. After being heated, the water temperature in the geothermal water supply pipeline decreases, and the low-temperature water is transported to the second conveying structure by the geothermal return water pipeline. The second conveying structure then transports the low-temperature water to the connecting structure, which in turn transports it to the heat pipe. Finally, the heat pipe transports the low-temperature water back to the inner pipe for the next heating cycle. This application has high heat collection efficiency, which can reduce heat loss during underground transmission, reduce energy consumption, and avoid over-exploitation of underground thermal reservoirs. Attached Figure Description
[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0018] Icons: 1-Connecting structure; 11-Central pipe; 12-Technical casing; 13-Wellhead cover; 2-First conveying structure; 21-First conveying pipe; 22-First vent pipe; 23-Second conveying pipe; 24-First eccentric butterfly valve; 25-First thermometer; 26-First pressure gauge; 3-Second conveying structure; 31-Third conveying pipe; 32-Second vent pipe; 33-Second eccentric butterfly valve; 34-Second thermometer; 35-Second pressure gauge; 4-Heat exchange mechanism; 41-Inner pipe; 42-Heat pipe; 43-Casing; 5-Shape memory insulation material; Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0020] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0021] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment of the present invention provides a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, which includes a heat exchange mechanism 4 and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a connecting structure 1, a first conveying structure 2, and a second conveying structure 3.
[0022] In this embodiment, the input end of the first conveying structure 2 is connected to the output end of the connecting structure 1, and its output end is connected to the geothermal water supply pipeline. The input end of the second conveying structure 3 is connected to the geothermal return water pipeline, and its output end is connected to the first input end of the connecting structure 1.
[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchange mechanism 4 is buried below the ground surface and includes an inner tube 41, a heat pipe 42, and a sleeve 43. The heat pipe 42 is sleeved on the inner tube 41, and the sleeve 43 is sleeved on the heat pipe 42. In practical applications, the sleeve 43 is made of nickel-based alloy material. Nickel-based alloys have excellent high-temperature resistance and can withstand the high temperatures in medium-deep geothermal environments. Their high melting point ensures that the sleeve 43 will not deform or be damaged due to high temperatures during the operation of the heat pipe 42. In addition, nickel-based alloys have good corrosion resistance, resisting the erosion of various chemicals that may be present in the geothermal fluid, extending the service life of the heat pipe 42. Furthermore, nickel-based alloys have relatively ideal thermal conductivity, effectively transferring heat to the working fluid inside the heat pipe 42.
[0024] Specifically, the input end of heat pipe 42 is connected to the output end of connecting structure 1, the output end of heat pipe 42 is connected to the input end of inner pipe 41, and the output end of inner pipe 41 is connected to the second input end of connecting structure 1. Heat pipe 42 is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section, and a condensation section. Specifically, the evaporation section tightly surrounds the lower part of inner pipe 41; the insulation section extends upwards along the annular space between inner pipe 41 and casing 43, reducing lateral heat loss during transmission and ensuring that heat is mainly transferred towards the wellhead; the condensation section is located in the space between inner pipe 41 and casing 43 near the wellhead, facilitating the transfer of heat from the gaseous working fluid to external heat exchange devices or directly preparing for subsequent heating processes. In practical applications, the wall of heat pipe 42 is filled with a working fluid to effectively utilize the heat of the geothermal fluid in inner pipe 41 and efficiently transfer it to the vicinity of the wellhead, achieving heat harvesting. Specifically, the heat in the geothermal fluid is transferred to the heat pipe 42 through the casing 43. Since the boiling point of the working fluid in the heat pipe 42 is low, it will undergo a rapid phase change after absorbing the heat transferred from the inner pipe 41, changing from a liquid state to a gaseous state. Since the gaseous working fluid is lower in temperature than the liquid state, it tends to move upward in the enclosed space. As the gaseous working fluid moves upward, it will quickly transfer heat to the vicinity of the wellhead. After reaching the vicinity of the wellhead, due to the relatively low temperature, the gaseous working fluid will condense and change back into a liquid state. Under the action of gravity, the liquid working fluid flows back to the lower part of the heat pipe 42 to continue absorbing the heat of the geothermal fluid, thus forming a continuous heat transfer cycle.
[0025] This utility model embodiment provides a medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, which includes a heat exchange mechanism 4 and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a connecting structure 1, a first conveying structure 2, and a second conveying structure 3. The input end of the first conveying structure 2 is connected to the output end of the connecting structure 1, and its output end is connected to the geothermal water supply pipeline. The input end of the second conveying structure 3 is connected to the geothermal return water pipeline, and its output end is connected to the first input end of the connecting structure 1. The heat exchange mechanism 4 is buried below the ground surface and includes an inner pipe 41, a heat pipe 42, and a sleeve 43. The heat pipe 42 is sleeved on the inner pipe 41, and the sleeve 43 is sleeved on the heat pipe 42. The input end of the heat pipe 42 is connected to the output end of the connecting structure 1, the output end of the heat pipe 42 is connected to the input end of the inner pipe 41, and the output end of the inner pipe 41 is connected to the second input end of the connecting structure 1. In practical applications, the water in the inner pipe 41 absorbs heat from the working fluid of the heat pipe 42 during the process of being transported to the connecting structure 1, and becomes high-temperature water. The connecting structure 1 transports the high-temperature water to the first transport structure 2, and then to the geothermal water supply pipeline. After the water in the geothermal water supply pipeline is heated, the water temperature decreases, and the low-temperature water is transported to the second transport structure 3 by the geothermal return water pipeline. The second transport structure 3 transports the low-temperature water to the connecting structure 1, and the connecting structure 1 transports the low-temperature water to the heat pipe 42. Finally, the heat pipe 42 transports the low-temperature water to the inner pipe 41 for the next heating cycle. The heat collection efficiency of this application is high, which can reduce the loss of heat during underground transmission, reduce energy consumption, and avoid over-exploitation of underground thermal reservoirs.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the connecting structure 1 includes a central pipe 11, a technical sleeve 12, and a wellhead cover 13. The input end of the central pipe 11 is connected to the output end of the inner pipe 41, and its output end is connected to the input end of the first conveying structure 2. The technical sleeve 12 and the wellhead cover 13 are both fitted onto the central pipe 11, and the technical sleeve 12 connects the heat pipe 42 and the output end of the wellhead cover 13. The input end of the wellhead cover 13 is connected to the output end of the second conveying structure 3. In practical applications, the central pipe 11 conveys the high-temperature water in the inner pipe 41 to the first conveying structure 2, and the first conveying structure 2 conveys the high-temperature water to the geothermal water supply pipeline; the second conveying structure 3 conveys the low-temperature water in the geothermal return water pipeline to the wellhead cover 13, then through the wellhead cover 13 into the technical sleeve 12, and finally through the technical sleeve 12 into the heat pipe 42 for heat exchange. Through the repetitive cycle of the above process, heating for users is achieved.
[0027] like Figure 3As shown, the first conveying structure 2 includes a first conveying pipe 21, a first vent pipe 22, a second conveying pipe 23, a first eccentric butterfly valve 24, a first thermometer 25, and a first pressure gauge 26. The input end of the first conveying pipe 21 is connected to the output end of the central pipe 11, the output end of the first conveying pipe 21 is connected to the input end of the first vent pipe 22, the output end of the first vent pipe 22 is connected to the input end of the second conveying pipe 23, and the output end of the second conveying pipe 23 is connected to the geothermal water supply pipeline. The first eccentric butterfly valve 24, the first thermometer 25, and the first pressure gauge 26 are all installed on the second conveying pipe 23. Specifically, the first conveying pipe 21 conveys the high-temperature water in the central pipe 11 to the first vent pipe 22, then through the first vent pipe 22 to the second conveying pipe 23, and finally through the second vent pipe 22 to the geothermal water supply pipeline.
[0028] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the second conveying pipe 23 is wrapped with shape memory insulation material 5. Shape memory insulation material 5 possesses unique intelligent properties, enabling it to sense temperature changes on the surface of the second conveying pipe 23. Its internal structure is composed of special polymer materials, which have different molecular arrangements under different temperature conditions. Since the second conveying pipe 23 transports high-temperature water from the geothermal wellhead to the ground heat exchange station, it is a critical path for heat transfer. During this process, the pipe traverses different geological layers and ground environments, resulting in complex temperature changes. The shape memory insulation material 5 can tightly wrap around the outer wall of the second conveying pipe 23. When the second conveying pipe 23 is in normal operation and the high-temperature water temperature is stable, the shape memory insulation material 5 maintains a conventional insulation structure, effectively isolating the second conveying pipe 23 from heat exchange with the external environment and reducing heat loss. However, in winter, when the ground temperature is low, or when the second conveying pipe 23 is exposed to a special environment (such as a wind vent) causing excessive heat dissipation, the shape memory insulation material 5 can immediately sense temperature changes and enhance the insulation effect through molecular structure adjustment. For example, in cold northern regions, winter outdoor temperatures can drop to minus ten degrees Celsius. Ordinary insulation materials may not be able to effectively maintain pipe temperatures under such conditions. However, shape memory insulation material 5 can automatically adapt to low-temperature environments, ensuring that high-temperature water remains at a relatively high temperature when it is delivered to the heat exchange station. This improves the efficiency of subsequent heating processes and ensures that the heat medium maintains a suitable temperature when it is delivered to the user, thereby improving heating quality and reducing energy consumption.
[0029] like Figure 3As shown, the second conveying structure 3 includes a third conveying pipe 31, a second vent pipe 32, a second eccentric butterfly valve 33, a second thermometer 34, and a second pressure gauge 35. The input end of the third conveying pipe 31 is connected to the geothermal return water pipe, and the output end of the third conveying pipe 31 is connected to the input end of the second vent pipe 32. The output end of the second vent pipe 32 is connected to the input end of the wellhead cover 13. The second eccentric butterfly valve 33, the second thermometer 34, and the second pressure gauge 35 are all installed on the third conveying pipe 31. Specifically, water in the ground heat exchange station is conveyed through the third conveying pipe 31 to the second vent pipe 32, and then through the second vent pipe 32 to the wellhead cover 13.
[0030] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the third delivery pipe 31 is wrapped with shape memory insulation material 5. Specifically, since the third delivery pipe 31 transports low-temperature water from the ground heat exchange station to the geothermal wellhead, the pipe will pass through different geological layers and ground environments, resulting in complex temperature changes. The shape memory insulation material 5 can be tightly wrapped around the outer wall of the third delivery pipe 31, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.
[0031] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the heat pipe 42 is provided with a wicking material. In practical applications, a suitable wicking material can be selected according to the specific operating conditions and performance requirements of the heat pipe 42 to ensure that the working fluid inside the heat pipe 42 flows back to the evaporation section uniformly and rapidly. Specifically, the wicking material is selected from metal wire mesh or ceramic fiber materials with high porosity and good capillary properties. Metal wire mesh has high strength and good thermal conductivity, which can assist the reflux of liquid working fluid by utilizing capillary action while ensuring structural stability. Ceramic fiber materials have advantages such as high temperature resistance and good chemical stability, and their superior capillary properties contribute to the uniform distribution and rapid reflux of liquid working fluid.
[0032] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.
[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.
Claims
1. A medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system, characterized in that, It includes a heat exchange mechanism (4) and a transmission mechanism; The transmission mechanism includes a connecting structure (1), a first conveying structure (2), and a second conveying structure (3); The input end of the first conveying structure (2) is connected to the output end of the connecting structure (1), and its output end is connected to the geothermal water supply pipeline; The input end of the second conveying structure (3) is connected to the geothermal return water pipe, and its output end is connected to the first input end of the connecting structure (1); The heat exchange mechanism (4) is buried below the ground surface, and the heat exchange mechanism (4) includes an inner tube (41), a heat pipe (42) and a jacket (43); The heat pipe (42) is sleeved on the inner tube (41), and the sleeve (43) is sleeved on the heat pipe (42); The input end of the heat pipe (42) is connected to the output end of the connection structure (1), the output end of the heat pipe (42) is connected to the input end of the inner tube (41), and the output end of the inner tube (41) is connected to the second input end of the connection structure (1).
2. The medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection structure (1) includes a central pipe (11), a technical casing (12), and a wellhead cover (13); The input end of the central tube (11) is connected to the output end of the inner tube (41), and its output end is connected to the input end of the first conveying structure (2). The technical sleeve (12) and the wellhead cover (13) are both fitted onto the central pipe (11), and the technical sleeve (12) is connected to the output end of the heat pipe (42) and the wellhead cover (13); The input end of the well cover (13) is connected to the output end of the second conveying structure (3).
3. The medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first conveying structure (2) includes a first conveying pipe (21), a first exhaust pipe (22), a second conveying pipe (23), a first eccentric butterfly valve (24), a first thermometer (25), and a first pressure gauge (26); The input end of the first conveying pipe (21) is connected to the output end of the central pipe (11), the output end of the first conveying pipe (21) is connected to the input end of the first exhaust pipe (22), the output end of the first exhaust pipe (22) is connected to the input end of the second conveying pipe (23), and the output end of the second conveying pipe (23) is connected to the geothermal water supply pipeline. The first eccentric butterfly valve (24), the first thermometer (25) and the first pressure gauge (26) are all installed on the second delivery pipe (23).
4. The medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the second delivery pipe (23) is wrapped with shape memory insulation material (5).
5. The medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second conveying structure (3) includes a third conveying pipe (31), a second exhaust pipe (32), a second eccentric butterfly valve (33), a second thermometer (34), and a second pressure gauge (35); The input end of the third conveying pipe (31) is connected to the geothermal return water pipe, the output end of the third conveying pipe (31) is connected to the input end of the second exhaust pipe (32), and the output end of the second exhaust pipe (32) is connected to the input end of the well cover (13). The second eccentric butterfly valve (33), the second thermometer (34) and the second pressure gauge (35) are all mounted on the third delivery pipe (31).
6. The medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the third delivery pipe (31) is wrapped with shape memory insulation material (5).
7. The medium-deep geothermal heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the heat pipe (42) is provided with a liquid-absorbing core material.