Automobile transmission principle teaching demonstration teaching aid

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automobile transmission principle teaching demonstration teaching aid which comprises a display stand, and a transmission model is arranged on the surface of the display stand through a support. The transmission model comprises a semi-closed box body with a sectioned top, the box body is a semi-closed containing space formed by buckling a left side shell and a right side shell, an input shaft, an intermediate shaft and an output shaft assembly are sequentially arranged in the containing space in the power transmission direction, and a first-stage driving gear is arranged on the input shaft; the input end of the input shaft penetrates through the box body, extends outwards and is provided with a hand wheel; a primary driven gear and a secondary driving gear are arranged on the intermediate shaft; the output shaft assembly comprises a left half output shaft and a right half output shaft, a secondary driven gear is arranged on the left half output shaft, and the right half output shaft and the left half output shaft are in transmission through a differential mechanism. The utility model discloses a teaching practical training device which is developed for construction display, working principle cognition and test maintenance of a new energy pure electric vehicle transmission unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of demonstration teaching aids technology, and in particular relates to a teaching demonstration teaching aid for the principle of automobile transmission. Background Technology

[0002] The transmission is a crucial component of a vehicle's powertrain. In pure electric vehicles, the transmission reduces the speed of the drive motor, increases its torque, and then transmits the power to the wheels via half-shafts to propel the vehicle. Understanding the structure and working principle of the transmission is an important part of learning and mastering the power transmission routes and principles of new energy vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a teaching demonstration tool for the principle of automobile transmission, which is a teaching and training equipment developed for the structural display, working principle understanding and testing and maintenance of the transmission unit of new energy pure electric vehicles.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows: a teaching and demonstration tool for teaching the principle of an automobile transmission includes a display stand, on which a transmission model is set by a bracket;

[0005] The transmission model includes a semi-enclosed housing with a top section. The housing is formed by the interlocking of a left shell and a right shell to create a semi-enclosed receiving space. An input shaft, an intermediate shaft, and an output shaft assembly are arranged sequentially along the power transmission direction within the receiving space. A primary drive gear is mounted on the input shaft. The input end of the input shaft extends outward through the housing and is equipped with a handwheel. A primary driven gear and a secondary drive gear are mounted on the intermediate shaft. The primary driven gear meshes with the primary drive gear.

[0006] The output shaft assembly includes a left half output shaft and a right half output shaft. The left half output shaft is provided with a second-stage driven gear that meshes with the second-stage driving gear. The right half output shaft and the left half output shaft are driven by a differential.

[0007] Furthermore, the bracket is a U-shaped bracket, comprising a support portion and connecting portions on both sides of the support portion. The connecting portions on both sides are respectively connected to the left and right shells, and the support portion is connected to the display stand surface. The U-shaped bracket design gives it excellent stability and load-bearing capacity. The support portion, as the core part, is tightly connected to the surface, ensuring the stability of the overall structure. The design of the connecting portions allows the bracket to be firmly connected to the left and right shells, forming a whole, enhancing the overall anti-overturning and anti-lateral displacement capabilities.

[0008] Furthermore, there are two brackets, which are respectively located at both ends of the box.

[0009] Furthermore, the input end of the input shaft is provided with an internal spline, and the inner end face of the handwheel is provided with a splined shaft. The handwheel is connected to the input end of the input shaft through the cooperation of the splined shaft and the internal spline. The spline and splined shaft connection method has high precision and reliability. The mutual embedding of the splined shaft and the internal spline ensures a tight and stable connection between the handwheel and the input shaft, reducing errors and wobble during transmission. The spline and splined shaft connection method facilitates assembly and adjustment, improving design flexibility and versatility. The spline connection has the characteristics of uniform force distribution and low stress concentration at the tooth root, which helps to ensure the alignment and stability between the handwheel and the input shaft. During transmission, this connection method can reduce wear and failures caused by stress concentration.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the display stand is equipped with casters. The casters allow the display stand to be moved easily, greatly improving its flexibility and efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, the housing is cut along the power transmission direction. This clearly reveals the internal structure of the transmission, allowing for structural understanding of the transmission by observing the anatomical model.

[0012] The advantages and technical effects of this utility model are as follows: By adopting the above technical solution, a teaching and training device can be developed for the structural demonstration, working principle understanding, and testing and maintenance of the transmission unit in new energy pure electric vehicles. It can conduct teaching and training on transmission structure understanding and working principle analysis, helping students quickly master the structure, characteristics, and working principles of electric vehicle transmissions, and improve their professional abilities in analyzing transmission power transmission principles and maintaining transmissions.

[0013] This device utilizes a partially dissected electric vehicle transmission, placed on a movable display stand, and includes a display panel illustrating the transmission's structure and operating principles. It facilitates teaching and practical training in transmission structure recognition and working principle analysis. The partially dissected outer shell clearly displays the internal structure of the transmission, allowing for structural recognition training through observation of the anatomical model. The anatomical transmission model is equipped with a handwheel; turning the handwheel activates the meshing of gears, clearly demonstrating the power transmission path and the comparison of input and output speeds, supporting training in understanding the transmission's working principles and functions. Furthermore, by measuring the number of teeth on each gear, this device allows for transmission ratio calculation training. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a top view of the transmission model provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Display stand; 2. Support frame; 3. Gearbox model; 3-1. Left side housing; 3-2. Right side housing; 3-3. Input shaft; 3-4. First-stage drive gear; 3-5. Intermediate shaft; 3-6. First-stage driven gear; 3-7. Second-stage drive gear; 3-8. Output shaft assembly; 3-9. Second-stage driven gear; 3-10. Differential; 4. Handwheel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a teaching demonstration tool for the principle of an automotive transmission, including a display stand 1. Specifically, the display stand 1 is made of all-metal material with electrostatic spraying on the surface. The tabletop of the display stand 1 is made of acrylic spray painting. A transmission model 3 is mounted on the tabletop of the display stand 1 via brackets 2. Preferably, there are two brackets 2, which are respectively located at both ends of the housing. Specifically, the brackets 2 are U-shaped brackets 2, each including a support portion and connecting portions on both sides of the support portion. The connecting portions on both sides are respectively connected to the left shell 3-1 and the right shell 3-2. The support portion is connected to the tabletop of the display stand 1. The design of the U-shaped bracket 2 gives it excellent stability and load-bearing capacity. The support portion, as the core part, is tightly connected to the tabletop, ensuring the stability of the overall structure. The design of the connecting portions allows the bracket 2 to be firmly connected to the left shell 3-1 and the right shell 3-2, forming a whole and enhancing the overall anti-overturning and anti-lateral displacement capabilities.

[0020] Furthermore, the lower end of the display stand 1 is equipped with casters. The casters allow the display stand 1 to be moved easily, greatly improving its flexibility and efficiency.

[0021] The transmission model 3 includes a semi-enclosed housing with a top section, specifically, the housing is sectioned along the power transmission direction. The housing consists of a left shell 3-1 and a right shell 3-2 interlocking to form a semi-enclosed receiving space. The left shell 3-1 and right shell 3-2 are made entirely of aluminum. Within this receiving space, along the power transmission direction, an input shaft 3-3, an intermediate shaft 3-5, and an output shaft assembly 3-8 are sequentially arranged. A primary drive gear 3-4 is mounted on the input shaft 3-3. The input end of the input shaft extends outward through the housing and is equipped with a handwheel 4. Manually cranking the handwheel drives the various components within the transmission to mesh and operate. Specifically, the input end of the input shaft has an internal spline, and the inner end face of the handwheel 4 has a splined shaft. The handwheel 4 is connected to the input end of the input shaft through the engagement of the splined shaft and the internal spline. The connection method of the spline and splined shaft offers high precision and reliability. The interlocking of the spline shaft and internal spline ensures a tight and stable connection between the handwheel 4 and the input shaft, reducing errors and wobble during transmission. The spline and spline shaft connection facilitates assembly and adjustment, improving design flexibility and versatility. The spline connection features uniform force distribution and low stress concentration at the tooth root, which helps ensure alignment and stability between the handwheel 4 and the input shaft. During transmission, this connection reduces wear and malfunctions caused by stress concentration. The primary drive gear 3-4 is an involute helical gear with 27 teeth. The input shaft 3-3 is supported at both ends by bearings within the housing space. Both sets of bearings are deep groove ball bearings, specification 6208. In the bearing specification, the first and second digits from the right, 08, represent the inner diameter, indicating an inner diameter of 08 × 5 = 40 mm; the third digit, 2, represents the diameter, indicating a 2-series diameter; and the fourth digit, 6, represents the type and structure, indicating a single-row deep groove ball bearing.

[0022] The intermediate shaft 3-5 is equipped with a primary driven gear 3-6 and a secondary driving gear 3-7, with the primary driven gear 3-6 meshing with the primary driving gear 3-4. Both ends of the intermediate shaft 3-5 are supported within a receiving space by bearings. Both the primary driven gear 3-6 and the secondary driving gear 3-7 are involute helical gears with 52 and 17 teeth respectively. Both sets of bearings are deep groove ball bearings, specification 6307. In the bearing specification, the first and second digits from the right, 07, represent the inner diameter, indicating an inner diameter of 07 × 5 = 35 mm; the third digit, 3, represents the diameter, indicating a 3-series diameter; and the fourth digit, 6, represents the type and structure, indicating a single-row deep groove ball bearing.

[0023] The output shaft assembly 3-8 includes a left half-output shaft and a right half-output shaft. A secondary driven gear 3-9, meshing with the secondary driving gear 3-7, is mounted on the left half-output shaft. The right half-output shaft is connected to the left half-output shaft via a differential 3-10. The differential 3-10 is open-type and consists of a differential 3-10 housing, a left half-shaft gear, a right half-shaft gear, two planetary gears, and a planetary gear shaft. Both ends of the output shaft assembly 3-8 are supported within a housing space by bearings. The secondary driven gear 3-9 is an involute helical gear with 69 teeth and is integrally formed with the differential 3-10 housing. Both sets of bearings are tapered roller bearings, specification 32008. In the bearing specification, the first two digits from the right, 08, represent the inner diameter, indicating an inner diameter of 07 × 5 = 35 mm; the third digit, 0, represents the diameter, indicating a 0-series diameter; the fourth digit, 2, represents the width, indicating a 2-series width; and the fifth digit, 3, represents the type / structure, indicating a tapered roller bearing. The odometer drive gear in this differential 3-10 assembly is no longer functional.

[0024] The transmission is a two-stage drive structure, characterized by its small size and compact design. It uses a shared structure for forward and reverse gears, with the reverse gear activated by a motor reversing. The first-stage drive gear 3-4 and the first-stage driven gear 3-6 form the first-stage reduction gear, with a transmission ratio i1 = 1.926. The second-stage drive gear 3-7 and the second-stage driven gear 3-9 form the second-stage reduction gear, with a transmission ratio i2 = 4.059. The total transmission ratio of the two stages is i = i1 × i2 = 7.817. Power from the motor is input via the power input shaft 3-3, where the first-stage drive gear 3-4 is located, and is reduced in speed by the reducer, simultaneously increasing torque.

[0025] The power transmission mechanical part of the gearbox relies on a two-stage gear pair to achieve speed reduction and torque increase. The power transmission route is as follows: handwheel 4 → input shaft 3-3 → first-stage drive gear 3-4 → first-stage driven gear 3-6 → second-stage drive gear 3-7 → second-stage driven gear 3-9 → differential 3-10 half-shaft gear → left and right half-shafts → left and right wheels.

[0026] This paper introduces the usage of the anatomical model of a pure electric vehicle transmission, taking transmission structure understanding and transmission ratio calculation as examples.

[0027] (1) Understanding the structure and principle of the transmission

[0028] By observing the anatomical model of the transmission, analyzing its structural components, and observing the transmission state of each gear by cranking handwheel 4, the power transmission route and deceleration effect of the transmission can be analyzed. It can be seen that the transmission consists of a left housing 3-1, a right housing 3-2, an input shaft assembly 3-3, an intermediate shaft assembly 3-5, a differential assembly 3-10, oil seals, etc. The input shaft assembly consists of a primary drive gear 3-4 and two sets of bearings. The intermediate shaft assembly consists of a primary driven gear 3-6, a secondary drive gear 3-7, and two sets of bearings. The differential assembly 3-10 consists of a secondary driven gear 3-9, the differential 3-10, the odometer drive gear, and two sets of bearings. The differential 3-10 itself consists of a differential 3-10 housing, a left half-shaft gear, a right half-shaft gear, two planetary gears, and planetary gear shafts. The power transmission route is as follows: drive motor → input shaft 3-3 → first-stage drive gear 3-4 → first-stage driven gear 3-6 → second-stage drive gear 3-7 → second-stage driven gear 3-9 → differential 3-10 half-shaft gear → left and right half-shafts → left and right wheels.

[0029] (2) Calculation of transmission ratio

[0030] The transmission ratio is calculated by measuring the number of teeth on the two-stage reduction gears and using the transmission ratio formula.

[0031] Let Z1 be the number of teeth on the first-stage driving gear (3-4), Z2 be the number of teeth on the first-stage driven gear (3-6), Z3 be the number of teeth on the second-stage driving gear (3-7), and Z4 be the number of teeth on the second-stage driven gear (3-9). Measuring the number of teeth on each gear reveals:

[0032] Z1=27, Z2=52, Z3=17, Z4=69.

[0033] The gear ratio of this transmission is:

[0034] The first-stage reduction gear ratio is i1 = Z2 / Z1 = 1.926.

[0035] The two-stage reduction gear ratio i2 = Z4 / Z3 = 4.059.

[0036] The total gear ratio of the transmission is i = i1 × i2 = 7.817

[0037] The advantages and technical effects of this utility model are as follows: By adopting the above technical solution, a teaching and training device can be developed for the structural demonstration, working principle understanding, and testing and maintenance of the transmission unit in new energy pure electric vehicles. It can conduct teaching and training on transmission structure understanding and working principle analysis, helping students quickly master the structure, characteristics, and working principles of electric vehicle transmissions, and improve their professional abilities in analyzing transmission power transmission principles and maintaining transmissions.

[0038] This device utilizes a partially dissected electric vehicle transmission, placed on a movable display stand, and includes a display board illustrating the transmission's structure and operating principles. It facilitates teaching and practical training in transmission structure recognition and working principle analysis. The partially dissected outer shell clearly displays the internal structure of the transmission, allowing for structural recognition training through observation of the anatomical model. The anatomical model is equipped with handwheel 4; turning handwheel 4 activates the meshing of gears within the transmission, clearly demonstrating the power transmission path and the comparison of input and output speeds, supporting training in understanding the transmission's working principles and functions. Furthermore, by measuring the number of teeth on each gear, this device allows for transmission ratio calculation training.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A teaching aid for demonstrating the principles of an automotive transmission, characterized in that, Includes a display stand, on which a transmission model is mounted via a bracket; The transmission model includes a semi-enclosed housing with a top section. The housing is formed by the interlocking of a left shell and a right shell to create a semi-enclosed receiving space. An input shaft, an intermediate shaft, and an output shaft assembly are arranged sequentially along the power transmission direction within the receiving space. A primary drive gear is mounted on the input shaft. The input end of the input shaft extends outward through the housing and is equipped with a handwheel. A primary driven gear and a secondary drive gear are mounted on the intermediate shaft. The primary driven gear meshes with the primary drive gear. The output shaft assembly includes a left half output shaft and a right half output shaft. The left half output shaft is provided with a second-stage driven gear that meshes with the second-stage driving gear. The right half output shaft and the left half output shaft are driven by a differential.

2. The teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of automotive transmissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket is a U-shaped bracket, which includes a support part and connecting parts on both sides of the support part. The connecting parts on both sides are connected to the left shell and the right shell respectively. The support part is connected to the table surface of the display stand.

3. The teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of automotive transmissions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, There are two supports, which are respectively located at both ends of the box.

4. The teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of automotive transmissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input end of the input shaft is provided with an internal spline, and the inner end face of the handwheel is provided with a spline shaft. The handwheel is connected to the input end of the input shaft through the cooperation of the spline shaft and the internal spline.

5. The teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of automotive transmissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the display stand is equipped with casters.

6. The teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of automotive transmissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is cut along the power transmission direction.

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