Battery device and electric equipment
By optimizing the design of the heat dissipation holes on the side panel of the battery module, the problem of uneven cooling under air cooling was solved, resulting in more efficient cooling and more uniform temperature reduction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423149581.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing air-cooled battery modules suffer from uneven cooling and low cooling efficiency, especially with significant differences in heat dissipation efficiency between the middle and end areas.
On the side panel of the battery module, the area of the heat dissipation holes in the middle area per unit area is smaller than that in the side area, and gradually increases along the first direction. The design of the heat dissipation holes is optimized by combining the number and spacing of trapezoidal holes and heat dissipation sub-hole groups.
It improves the cooling efficiency and balance of the battery module, reduces energy waste, and enhances the overall heat dissipation effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223871505U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device and electrical equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Battery devices include battery modules. In related technologies, for battery modules using air cooling, the battery module includes multiple battery cells and side plates disposed on the sides of the battery cells. The side plates have heat dissipation holes, and cooling air blows through the gap between the side plates and the battery cells and exits through the heat dissipation holes to dissipate heat from the battery cells. However, currently, battery modules using air cooling generally suffer from uneven cooling and low cooling efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of this application is to propose a battery device and electrical equipment, which aims to at least improve the technical problems of low cooling efficiency and uneven cooling of battery modules using air cooling in battery devices.
[0004] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides a battery device, including a housing and a plurality of battery cells. The housing is provided with a receiving cavity, and the plurality of battery cells are arranged in the receiving cavity along a first direction. The housing includes two side plates, which are disposed on both sides of the plurality of battery cells along a second direction. Each side plate is provided with a plurality of first heat dissipation holes along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Along the first direction, the side plate includes a central region located in the middle and side regions located on both sides of the central region. On the side plate per unit area, the area of the first heat dissipation holes in the central region is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation holes in the side regions.
[0005] By setting the area of the first heat dissipation hole in the middle region of the side plate to be smaller than that of the first heat dissipation hole in the side region, the cooling efficiency of the side region can be improved, thereby achieving the effect of improving cooling efficiency and making the cooling more balanced.
[0006] In some embodiments, the area of the first heat dissipation hole on the side plate gradually increases per unit area in the direction from the middle region to the side region.
[0007] By setting the area of the first heat dissipation hole on the side plate to gradually increase from the middle area to the side area, the ventilation area of the side plate can be gradually increased from the middle area to the side area, making the cooling efficiency of each position on the side plate more uniform, which is conducive to further improving the balance of cooling efficiency and improving cooling efficiency.
[0008] In some embodiments, the size of the first heat dissipation hole gradually increases along a third direction from the middle region to the side region, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.
[0009] By setting the size of the first heat dissipation hole to gradually increase in the direction from the middle region to the side region, that is, the width of the first heat dissipation hole gradually increases from the middle region to the side region, so that the area of the first heat dissipation hole gradually increases from the middle region to the side region, which is beneficial to improving cooling efficiency.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first heat dissipation hole is a trapezoidal hole, which includes a top edge, a bottom edge opposite to the top edge, and two sides connecting the bottom edge and the top edge respectively. The top edge and the bottom edge are arranged along the first direction, the length of the top edge is less than the length of the bottom edge, and the bottom edge is located on the side away from the middle region.
[0011] By setting the first heat dissipation hole as a trapezoidal hole, with the top edge of the trapezoidal hole close to the middle area and the bottom edge far away from the middle area, the width of the first heat dissipation hole gradually increases from the middle area to the two sides, which can increase the ventilation volume of the side areas and improve and balance the cooling efficiency.
[0012] In some embodiments, the plurality of first heat dissipation holes include a plurality of heat dissipation sub-hole groups, the plurality of heat dissipation sub-hole groups are arranged along the first direction, each heat dissipation sub-hole group includes at least one heat dissipation sub-hole, each heat dissipation sub-hole has the same shape and size, and the number of heat dissipation sub-holes in each heat dissipation sub-hole group gradually increases from the middle region to the side region.
[0013] By setting the shape and size of each of the heat dissipation sub-holes to be the same, and by gradually increasing the number of heat dissipation sub-holes in each heat dissipation sub-hole group from the middle region to the side region, the area ratio of the first heat dissipation hole is changed by varying the number of heat dissipation sub-holes, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.
[0014] In some embodiments, the size of the first heat dissipation hole gradually increases along the first direction from the middle region to the side region.
[0015] By setting the size of the first heat dissipation hole along the first direction to gradually increase from the middle region to the side region, the area of the first heat dissipation hole on the side plate per unit area gradually increases from the middle region to both sides, which is beneficial to improving cooling efficiency and improving the uniformity of cooling rate.
[0016] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent first heat dissipation holes gradually decreases along the first direction from the middle region to the side region.
[0017] By varying the spacing of the first heat dissipation holes, specifically by gradually decreasing the spacing between the middle and side areas, heat dissipation efficiency can be effectively improved.
[0018] In some embodiments, the housing further includes two end plates, which are disposed on both sides of the plurality of battery cells along the first direction. The side plates are provided with connecting plates that are respectively connected to the end plates. A second heat dissipation hole is provided on the side plate near the connecting plate, and the area of the second heat dissipation hole is smaller than the area of the adjacent first heat dissipation hole.
[0019] End plates are located on both sides of the battery cell along the first direction and can be used to connect to side plates. Specifically, a connecting plate is provided on the outer edge of the side plate, and the connecting plate is connected to the end plate by fasteners or other means to fix it. However, there is also a heat dissipation requirement near the outer edge of the side plate, which requires a second heat dissipation hole for heat dissipation. However, since it is close to the threaded fastening position, there are strength requirements for the side plate near the outer edge. Therefore, the size of the second heat dissipation hole can be smaller than the size of the first heat dissipation hole, or the area of the second heat dissipation hole can be smaller than the area occupied by the adjacent first heat dissipation hole. By designing the second heat dissipation hole to be smaller, heat dissipation requirements can be met while reducing deformation of the side plate.
[0020] By designing the second heat dissipation hole to be smaller, the deformation caused by the threaded fastening at the connection between the side plate and the end plate can be reduced, while still meeting the heat dissipation requirements.
[0021] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a separator disposed between two adjacent battery cells and in close contact with the battery cells. A heat dissipation channel is provided in the gap between the battery cells and the separator, and the first heat dissipation hole communicates with the heat dissipation channel.
[0022] The heat transferred to the battery cells through the separator is carried away by the cooling air through the heat dissipation channel and flows out through the first heat dissipation hole, which can effectively dissipate heat from the battery cells.
[0023] In some embodiments, a connecting seat is provided inside the receiving cavity, and a connecting hole is provided on the side plate. The side plate and the connecting seat are connected by fasteners.
[0024] By installing a connecting seat inside the housing cavity and connecting the side plate to the connecting seat with fasteners, the strength of the housing can be improved and the risk of housing deformation or warping can be reduced.
[0025] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to some embodiments of this application;
[0028] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of this application;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a battery module of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application;
[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side panel structure;
[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure when the first heat dissipation hole is a trapezoidal hole;
[0032] Figure 6 This is another perspective structural schematic diagram of the battery module of the battery device in some embodiments of this application;
[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the side panel structure;
[0034] Figure 8 This is another perspective structural schematic diagram of the battery module of the battery device in some embodiments of this application;
[0035] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the side panel structure.
[0036] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0037] 1000, vehicles;
[0038] 100. Battery assembly; 200. Controller; 300. Motor;
[0039] 10. Box body; 11. Top cover; 12. Box body;
[0040] 20. Battery module;
[0041] 1. Battery cell; 3. Side plate; 31. Connecting plate; 4. First heat dissipation hole; 41. Heat dissipation sub-hole group; 411. Heat dissipation sub-hole; 42. Trapezoidal hole; 421. Top edge; 422. Bottom edge; 423. Waist; 43. Heat dissipation through hole group; 5. Second heat dissipation hole; 6. End plate; 7. Separator; 8. Connecting hole; 9. Connecting seat.
[0042] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0043] The technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0044] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.
[0045] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0046] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0047] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible to those skilled in the art. If a combination of technical solutions contradicts each other or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.
[0048] The descriptions of directions such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", and "right" in this application are based on the directions shown in the accompanying drawings and are only used to explain the relative positional relationships between the components in the posture shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0049] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of power batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of power battery applications, market demand is also constantly increasing.
[0050] Battery devices include battery modules. In related technologies, for battery modules using air cooling, the battery module includes multiple battery cells and a housing. The housing has side plates located on the sides of the battery cells, and two end plates located at both ends of the multiple battery cells. The side plates have heat dissipation holes, and cooling air blows through the gap between the side plates and the battery cells and exits through the heat dissipation holes to dissipate heat from the battery cells. However, currently, battery modules using air cooling generally suffer from uneven cooling and low cooling efficiency.
[0051] After careful research, the applicant discovered that when using air cooling, cooling air is blown into the housing cavity. Separators are placed between the battery cells, and the air then flows through the gaps between the battery cells and the side plates, as well as between the separators and the battery cells, finally exiting through ventilation holes on the side plates. As the air passes, it carries away heat from the separators, thus cooling the battery module. During testing of the battery cell cooling performance, the applicant found that after a period of cooling air circulation, the temperature of the battery cells in the middle area decreased significantly, while the temperature of the battery cells at the air inlet and outlet decreased less, and the temperature drop generally decreased from the middle to the ends. This indicates that the heat dissipation efficiency in the middle area of the battery module is greater than that at the ends, indicating an uneven cooling efficiency within the battery module. Therefore, to ensure that the battery cell temperature drops to the preset value, the temperature of the battery cells at the ends must also drop to the preset value. However, the battery cells in the middle have already reached the cooling standard, resulting in energy waste and reduced overall cooling efficiency.
[0052] Further research by the applicant revealed that the cause of this uneven cooling efficiency is that the airflow rate in the middle region is greater than that in the two ends. The faster the airflow, the higher the heat dissipation efficiency, which in turn leads to the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cells in the middle region being greater than that of the batteries in the two ends.
[0053] To this end, the applicant provides a battery device, a housing, and a battery module disposed within the housing. The battery module includes a casing and multiple battery cells. The casing has a receiving cavity, and the multiple battery cells are arranged in the receiving cavity along a first direction. The casing includes a side plate, which is disposed along a second direction on the side of the battery cells. The side plate has multiple first heat dissipation holes along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Along the first direction, the side plate includes a central region located in the middle and side regions located on both sides of the central region. On a unit area of the side plate, the area of the first heat dissipation holes in the central region is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation holes in the side regions. By setting the area of the first heat dissipation holes in the central region to be smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation holes in the side regions on a unit area of the side plate, the cooling efficiency of the side regions can be improved, thereby achieving the effect of improving cooling efficiency and achieving balanced cooling.
[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 can be the vehicle 1000, which can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc. The battery device 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000, and can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 100 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.
[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
[0056] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 1, with the battery cell 1 housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 provides a space for the battery cell 1, and can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a top cover 11 and a housing body 12, with the top cover 11 and housing body 12 overlapping each other, jointly defining a space for accommodating the battery cell 1. The housing body 12 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the top cover 11 may be a plate-like structure, fitting over the open side of the housing body 12 so that the top cover 11 and housing body 12 jointly define the space; alternatively, the top cover 11 and housing body 12 may both be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the top cover 11 fitting over the open side of the housing body 12. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the top cover 11 and housing body 12 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
[0057] The battery device 100 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells 1, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.
[0058] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 1.
[0059] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module 20, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells 1 to form an independent module. As an example, the battery module 20 can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells 1 together with cable ties.
[0060] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may be a battery pack, which includes a housing 10 and one or more battery cell assemblies housed in the housing 10.
[0061] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module 20, which can be housed in the housing 10 by fixing the battery module 20 in the housing 10.
[0062] As an example, the battery cell assembly can also be housed in the housing 10 by directly fixing multiple battery cells 1 to the housing 10.
[0063] In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 1, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 1 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple battery cells 1 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 1 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple battery cells 1 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form battery modules, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 10. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 1.
[0064] Each battery cell 1 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 1 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.
[0065] This application provides a battery device 100.
[0066] Reference Figures 2-4 According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides a battery device 100, including a housing and a plurality of battery cells 1. The housing is provided with a receiving cavity, and the plurality of battery cells 1 are arranged in the receiving cavity along a first direction. The housing includes two side plates 3, which are disposed on both sides of the plurality of battery cells 1 along a second direction. Each side plate 3 is provided with a plurality of first heat dissipation holes 4 along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Along the first direction, the side plate 3 includes a central region located in the middle and side regions located on both sides of the central region. On a unit area of the side plate 3, the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the central region is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side region.
[0067] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the housing is the casing 10 of the battery device 100, and multiple battery cells 1 are directly disposed within the casing. In other embodiments, the battery device 100 includes a casing 10, within which multiple battery modules 20 are disposed. The multiple battery modules 20 can be arranged horizontally, vertically, or in a horizontal-vertical array within the casing 10. The housing can be the casing of the battery modules 20, and the housing has an internal receiving cavity in which multiple battery cells 1 are arranged along a first direction. Regarding the shape of the housing, the housing can be a cube or a cuboid. When the housing is a cuboid, the first direction refers to the length direction of the housing, the second direction is the width direction of the housing, and the third direction is the height direction of the housing. Figure 3 , Figure 6 or Figure 8In the schematic diagram, the first direction is indicated by arrow X, the second direction by arrow Y, and the third direction by arrow Z. There are generally two side plates 3, positioned on either side of multiple battery cells 1 along the second direction. Typically, a partition 7, also known as a heat sink or cooling plate, is also provided within the cavity, primarily for heat dissipation. Specifically, the partition 7 is positioned between two adjacent battery cells 1 to transfer heat from the battery cells 1, thereby reducing their temperature. The side plate 3 has a first heat dissipation hole 4, which is a through hole. A heat dissipation channel is formed between the side plate 3 and the side of the battery cell 1, or more specifically, with the side of the partition 7. Cooling air flows through this channel and exits through the first heat dissipation hole 4, carrying away heat from the partition 7. This is the cooling principle of air cooling.
[0068] The middle area, such as Figure 4 The area indicated by O in the middle, the side area, such as Figure 4The area referred to in section B. The middle area refers to the area near the centerline of side plate 3. When the shell is a cuboid, the centerline of side plate 3 is the centerline along the length of side plate 3. The areas located on both sides of the middle area along the length are called side areas. "Unit area" refers to the area of side plate 3 within which both the middle and side areas have the first heat dissipation hole 4. The area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle area of side plate 3 per unit area refers to the surface area occupied by the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle area within a unit area; it is essentially the area occupied by the hole. Similarly, the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side area of side plate 3 per unit area refers to the surface area occupied by the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side area within a unit area; it is essentially the area occupied by the hole. The larger the area occupied by the first heat dissipation hole 4 per unit area of side plate 3, the larger the area that can be ventilated per unit area of side plate 3, the higher the ventilation efficiency, and thus the higher the cooling efficiency. Similarly, the smaller the area occupied by the first heat dissipation hole 4 on the side plate 3 per unit area, the smaller the area that can be ventilated on the side plate 3 per unit area, the lower the ventilation efficiency, and thus the lower the cooling efficiency. In related technologies, heat dissipation holes are also provided on the side plate 3, but generally, for the sake of processing and manufacturing convenience, and due to the inertia of thinking, the size of each heat dissipation hole is generally the same. In the embodiments of this application, the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle area is made smaller, and the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side areas is made larger; or, the spacing of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle area is made larger, or the density is lower, and the spacing of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side areas is made smaller, or the density is higher. In this way, the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle area on the side plate 3 per unit area is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side areas, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the side areas. Of course, as another way of describing this embodiment, it can also be said that the area ratio of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle region is greater than the area ratio of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side region. Here, the area ratio refers to the ratio of the area occupied by the first heat dissipation hole 4 to the area of the side plate 3. For example, the area ratio of the middle region refers to the ratio of the area occupied by the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle region to the area occupied by the entire middle region of the side plate 3. Here, the entire middle region of the side plate 3 includes the area occupied by the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle region and the area of the side plate in the middle region where the first heat dissipation hole 4 is not provided.
[0069] By setting the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle region of the side plate 3 to be smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side region, the cooling efficiency of the side region can be improved, thereby enhancing the cooling efficiency and improving the cooling balance.
[0070] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 on the side plate 3 per unit area gradually increases from the middle region to the side region.
[0071] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The area indicated by "O" is the central area, and the two "B"s on either side of "O" indicate the side areas. The central area refers to the region located at the center line of side panel 3. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 4 The direction from the middle region to the side regions refers to the direction from the middle region O towards the two side regions B, such as... Figure 4 The arrow from O to B points to the side panel 3. The area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 on the side panel 3 gradually increases, which means that the area ratio of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases. As the area ratio of the first heat dissipation hole 4 increases, the ventilation efficiency will gradually increase.
[0072] By setting the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 on the side plate 3 to gradually increase from the middle area to the side area, the ventilation area of the side plate 3 can be gradually increased from the middle area to the side area, making the cooling efficiency of each position of the side plate 3 more uniform, which is conducive to further improving the balance of cooling efficiency and improving cooling efficiency.
[0073] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases along the third direction from the middle region to the side region, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
[0074] The third direction, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 The direction indicated by the middle arrow Z. This third direction can actually be the direction perpendicular to the opening of the receiving cavity, that is, the height direction of the shell, or the vertical direction. The size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases along the third direction, which means that the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases. This can include various specific embodiments, specifically:
[0075] When each of the first heat dissipation holes 4 is a regular square, the following embodiments can be included:
[0076] In the first embodiment, two adjacent first heat dissipation holes 4 have the same length, but the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the middle region is smaller than that of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the side region. In the second embodiment, the length and width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the middle region are both smaller than those of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the side region, respectively. In the third embodiment, the length of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the middle region is greater than that of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the side region, but the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the middle region is smaller than that of the first heat dissipation hole 4 near the side region, and the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the middle region per unit area of the side plate 3 is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side region.
[0077] Of course, the first heat dissipation hole 4 may not be a regular square shape, and the width of a single first heat dissipation hole 4 can gradually increase. As long as the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the central region is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the side region per unit area, that is, the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 on the side plate 3 should account for a larger proportion of the total area. In some other embodiments, the first heat dissipation hole 4 may also include multiple sub-holes along the height direction, such as... Figure 4 A single heat dissipation hole may include two sub-holes along a third direction. It should be noted that the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 mentioned here refers to the dimension along a third direction.
[0078] By setting the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 to gradually increase from the middle area to the side area, that is, the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases from the middle area to the side area, so that the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 per unit area gradually increases from the middle area to the side area, which is beneficial to improving cooling efficiency and cooling uniformity.
[0079] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the first heat dissipation hole 4 is a trapezoidal hole 42. The trapezoidal hole 42 includes a top edge 421, a bottom edge 422 opposite to the top edge 421, and two waists 423 that connect the bottom edge 422 and the top edge 421 respectively. The top edge 421 and the bottom edge 422 are arranged along a first direction. The length of the top edge 421 is less than the length of the bottom edge 422. The bottom edge 422 is located on the side away from the middle area.
[0080] The first heat dissipation hole 4 described here is not a regular square, but a trapezoid whose dimensions gradually increase along the height direction of the side plate 3. Of course, the trapezoid can be a regular trapezoid or a special trapezoid such as a right trapezoid or an isosceles trapezoid. Those skilled in the art will understand that the top side 421 of the trapezoid is smaller than the base side 422, and the top side 421 and the base side 422 are parallel to each other. Therefore, by placing the top side 421 closer to the middle area and the base side 422 further away from the middle area, the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases from the middle area to the sides, causing the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 to gradually increase from the middle area to the side areas.
[0081] By setting the first heat dissipation hole 4 as a trapezoidal hole 42, with the top edge 421 of the trapezoidal hole 42 located close to the middle area and the bottom edge 422 located away from the middle area, the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases from the middle area to the two sides, which can increase the ventilation volume of the side area and play a role in improving and balancing the cooling efficiency.
[0082] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the plurality of first heat dissipation holes 4 include a plurality of heat dissipation sub-hole groups 41, the plurality of heat dissipation sub-hole groups 41 are arranged along a first direction, each heat dissipation sub-hole group 41 includes at least one heat dissipation sub-hole 411, each heat dissipation sub-hole 411 has the same shape and size, and the number of heat dissipation sub-holes 411 in each heat dissipation sub-hole group 41 gradually increases from the middle region to the side region.
[0083] The heat dissipation sub-hole groups 41 are arranged along a first direction, that is, along the length of the shell or side plate 3, while the heat dissipation sub-holes 411 in each group of heat dissipation sub-hole groups 41 are arranged along a third direction, that is, along the height of the shell. In this embodiment, the shape and size of each heat dissipation sub-hole 411 are set to be the same, and the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 per unit area is changed by varying the number of heat dissipation sub-holes 411 in each group of heat dissipation sub-hole groups 41. Specifically, the number of heat dissipation sub-holes 411 in the heat dissipation sub-hole groups 41 gradually increases from the middle region to the side region. Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The middle arrow X indicates the first direction, and the arrow Z indicates the third direction. From the middle region O to the two side regions B, the number of heat dissipation sub-holes 411 in the heat dissipation sub-hole group 41 increases from one to three. As a further implementation of this embodiment, the first heat dissipation hole 4 also includes a heat dissipation through-hole group 43. The heat dissipation through-hole group 43 is disposed on the side of the heat dissipation sub-hole group 41 away from the middle region. The size of the holes in the heat dissipation through-hole group 43 can be designed to be larger than the heat dissipation sub-holes 411, which also serves to increase the area ratio of the first heat dissipation hole 4 per unit area.
[0084] By setting each heat dissipation sub-hole 411 to have the same shape and size, and by gradually increasing the number of heat dissipation sub-holes 411 in each heat dissipation sub-hole group 41 from the middle area to the side area, the area ratio of the first heat dissipation hole 4 is changed by varying the number of heat dissipation sub-holes 411, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.
[0085] In some embodiments, the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases along the first direction from the middle region to the side region.
[0086] The dimension of the first heat dissipation hole 4 in the first direction is its length. The length of the first heat dissipation hole 4 is designed to gradually increase, either while keeping its width constant or by increasing its width. Alternatively, the width of the first heat dissipation hole 4 can be decreased, but it's crucial to ensure that the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 per unit area on the side plate 3 gradually increases from the center towards both sides.
[0087] By setting the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 along the first direction to gradually increase from the middle area to the side area, the area of the first heat dissipation hole 4 on the side plate 3 per unit area gradually increases from the middle area to both sides, which is beneficial to improve cooling efficiency and improve the uniformity of cooling rate.
[0088] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent first heat dissipation holes 4 gradually decreases along the first direction from the middle region to the side region.
[0089] The preceding examples all involve changes in the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 itself, resulting in a change in the proportion of the first heat dissipation hole 4 per unit area. However, another scenario is possible: the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 remains constant, but the spacing between adjacent first heat dissipation holes 4 changes, effectively altering the density of the first heat dissipation holes 4. For details, please refer to... Figure 9 From the central region O to the side region B, the distances between two adjacent first heat dissipation holes 4 are d1, d2, and d3, respectively, with d1 > d2 > d3. By setting the distance between adjacent first heat dissipation holes 4 to gradually decrease, the density of first heat dissipation holes 4 in the side region is relatively high, meaning the area ratio of first heat dissipation holes 4 in the side region is relatively large, thus achieving the purpose of this application. It should be noted that this embodiment can be applied to cases where the first heat dissipation holes 4 are of the same size, or cases where the sizes of the first heat dissipation holes 4 are different or not completely the same.
[0090] By varying the spacing of the first heat dissipation holes 4, specifically by gradually decreasing the spacing between the middle and side areas, the area of the first heat dissipation holes 4 can be increased, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency.
[0091] Reference Figure 6 or Figure 8 In some embodiments, the housing also includes two end plates 6, which are disposed on both sides of a plurality of battery cells 1 along a first direction. The side plate 3 is provided with connecting plates 31 respectively connected to the end plates 6. The side plate 3 is provided with a second heat dissipation hole 5 near the connecting plate 31. The area of the second heat dissipation hole 5 is smaller than the area of the adjacent first heat dissipation hole 4.
[0092] End plates 6 are located on both sides of the battery cell 1 along the first direction. End plates 6 can be used to connect with side plates 3, and end plates 6 and side plates 3 together form the housing. Specifically, a connecting plate 31 is provided on the outer edge of the side plate 3. The connecting plate 31 is connected to the end plate 6 by fasteners or other means to fix it. However, there is also a heat dissipation requirement near the outer edge of the side plate, which requires the provision of a second heat dissipation hole 5 for heat dissipation. However, since it is close to the threaded fastening or fixing position, the side plate 3 near the connection point is prone to deformation, and there are strength requirements for the side plate 3 near the outer edge. Therefore, the size of the second heat dissipation hole 5 can be smaller than the size of the adjacent first heat dissipation hole 4, or the area of the second heat dissipation hole 5 can be smaller than the area occupied by the adjacent first heat dissipation hole 4. By designing the second heat dissipation hole 5 to be smaller, the heat dissipation requirement can be met while reducing the deformation of the side plate 3.
[0093] By designing the second heat dissipation hole 5 to be smaller, the deformation caused by the threaded fastening at the connection between the side plate 3 and the end plate 6 can be reduced, while also meeting the heat dissipation requirements.
[0094] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 further includes a separator 7, which is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 1 and is fitted to the battery cells 1. A heat dissipation channel is provided in the gap between the battery cells 1 and the separator 7, and a first heat dissipation hole 4 communicates with the heat dissipation channel.
[0095] The separator 7, also known as a heat dissipation plate or wind deflector, primarily serves a heat dissipation function. Specifically, the separator 7 is positioned between two adjacent battery cells 1, and there are multiple separators 7. The battery cells 1 and separators 7 are alternately arranged, and the separators 7 are thermally connected to the battery cells 1. Heat from the battery cells 1 is transferred to the separator 7 and then carried away by the cooling air in the heat dissipation channel, exiting through the first heat dissipation hole 4. Of course, the side of the battery cell 1 also comes into contact with the cooling air in the heat dissipation channel, further reducing its temperature. Therefore, the larger the first heat dissipation hole 4 is designed, or the larger the proportion of the first heat dissipation hole 4 per unit area, the more conducive it is to the air in the heat dissipation channel exiting through the first heat dissipation hole 4 on the side plate 3. Accelerating airflow improves heat dissipation efficiency.
[0096] The heat transferred to the battery cell 1 through the separator 7 is carried away by the cooling air through the heat dissipation channel and flows out through the first heat dissipation hole 4, which can effectively dissipate heat from the battery cell 1.
[0097] In some embodiments, a connecting seat 9 is provided inside the receiving cavity, and a connecting hole 8 is provided on the side plate 3. The side plate 3 and the connecting seat 9 are connected by fasteners.
[0098] The connecting seat 9 here mainly serves a reinforcing function. If the shell or side plate 3 is long in the length direction, or has a large dimension in a certain direction, it is prone to deformation or warping. The connecting seat 9 can be set in the receiving cavity. Specifically, the connecting seat 9 can be set in the middle position of the shell, and the corresponding connecting hole 8 is also set in the middle position of the side plate 3. The number of connecting seats 9 is not limited to one; multiple connecting seats 9 can be set and arranged at intervals in the receiving cavity. The connecting seat 9 and the side plate 3 can be detachably connected, which facilitates the disassembly and installation of the shell. This can be achieved through fasteners.
[0099] By setting a connecting seat 9 inside the receiving cavity and connecting the side plate 3 to the connecting seat 9 with fasteners, the strength of the shell can be improved and the risk of shell deformation or warping can be reduced.
[0100] According to some embodiments of this application, a battery device 100 is provided, including a housing and a plurality of battery cells 1. The housing is provided with a receiving cavity, and the plurality of battery cells 1 are arranged in the receiving cavity along a first direction. The housing includes two side plates 3, which are disposed on both sides of the plurality of battery cells 1 along a second direction. The side plates 3 are provided with a plurality of first heat dissipation holes 4 along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Along the first direction, the side plate 3 includes a central region located in the middle and side regions located on both sides of the central region. On a unit area of the side plate 3, the area of the first heat dissipation holes 4 in the central region is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation holes 4 in the side regions. In a further embodiment, from the central region to the side regions, the area of the first heat dissipation holes 4 on a unit area of the side plate 3 gradually increases. Regarding the arrangement of the first heat dissipation holes 4, from the central region to the side regions, at least the following four implementation methods can be included:
[0101] I. The dimensions of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increase along a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular, with the third direction being perpendicular to the opening of the receiving cavity. Specifically, the first heat dissipation hole 4 can be a trapezoidal hole 42, which includes a top edge 421, a bottom edge 422 opposite to the top edge 421, and two waists 423 connecting the bottom edge 422 and the top edge 421 respectively. The top edge 421 and the bottom edge 422 are arranged along the first direction, with the length of the top edge 421 being less than the length of the bottom edge 422. The bottom edge 422 is located on the side away from the central region. II. The multiple first heat dissipation holes 4 include multiple heat dissipation sub-hole groups 41. Each heat dissipation sub-hole group 41 includes at least one heat dissipation sub-hole 411. Each heat dissipation sub-hole 411 has the same shape and size, and the number of heat dissipation sub-holes 411 in each heat dissipation sub-hole group 41 gradually increases from the central region to the side region. III. The spacing between two adjacent first heat dissipation holes 4 gradually decreases along the first direction. Fourth, the size of the first heat dissipation hole 4 gradually increases along the first direction.
[0102] In addition, the housing includes two end plates 6, which are disposed on both sides of the plurality of battery cells 1 along a first direction. A side plate 3 is provided with connecting plates 31 respectively connected to the end plates 6. A second heat dissipation hole 5 is provided on the side plate 3 near the connecting plate 31, and the area of the second heat dissipation hole 5 is smaller than the area of the adjacent first heat dissipation hole 4. The battery device 100 also includes a separator 7, which is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 1 and is fitted to the battery cells 1. The gap between the battery cells 1 and the separator 7 is configured as a heat dissipation channel, and the first heat dissipation hole 4 communicates with the heat dissipation channel. A connecting seat 9 is provided inside the receiving cavity, and a connecting hole 8 is provided on the side plate 3. The side plate 3 and the connecting seat 9 are connected by fasteners. This battery device 100 has the advantages of balanced cooling efficiency and improved cooling efficiency.
[0103] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides an electrical device, which includes a device body and the aforementioned battery device 100, wherein the battery device 100 is disposed on the device body. The aforementioned electrical device may be a vehicle 1000. Since the electrical device includes any of the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought by any of the above technical solutions, which will not be elaborated upon here.
[0104] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the content of the specification and drawings of this application under the concept of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: The housing has a receiving cavity. Multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction within the receiving cavity; the housing includes two side plates, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the multiple battery cells along a second direction, and each side plate is provided with multiple first heat dissipation holes along the first direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; Along the first direction, the side plate includes a central region located in the middle and side regions located on both sides of the central region; per unit area of the side plate, the area of the first heat dissipation hole in the central region is smaller than the area of the first heat dissipation hole in the side region.
2. The battery device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, From the central region toward the side region, the area of the first heat dissipation hole on the side plate per unit area gradually increases.
3. The battery device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, From the middle region to the side region, the size of the first heat dissipation hole gradually increases along the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
4. The battery device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, The first heat dissipation hole is a trapezoidal hole, which includes a top edge, a bottom edge opposite to the top edge, and two waists connecting the bottom edge and the top edge respectively. The top edge and the bottom edge are arranged along the first direction. The length of the top edge is less than the length of the bottom edge, and the bottom edge is located on the side away from the middle region.
5. The battery device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of first heat dissipation holes include a plurality of heat dissipation sub-hole groups, the plurality of heat dissipation sub-hole groups are arranged along the first direction, each heat dissipation sub-hole group includes at least one heat dissipation sub-hole, each heat dissipation sub-hole has the same shape and size, and the number of heat dissipation sub-holes in each heat dissipation sub-hole group gradually increases from the middle region to the side region.
6. The battery device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The size of the first heat dissipation hole gradually increases along the first direction from the middle region to the side region.
7. The battery device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent first heat dissipation holes gradually decreases along the first direction from the middle region to the side region.
8. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The shell is a cuboid, the first direction is the length direction of the shell, and the second direction is the width direction of the shell.
9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The housing also includes two end plates, which are disposed on both sides of the plurality of battery cells along the first direction. The side plate is provided with a connecting plate connected to the end plate. A second heat dissipation hole is provided on the side plate near the connecting plate. The area of the second heat dissipation hole is smaller than the area of the adjacent first heat dissipation hole.
10. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The battery device further includes a separator, which is disposed between two adjacent battery cells and is fitted to the battery cells. A heat dissipation channel is provided between the battery cells and the separator, and the first heat dissipation hole is connected to the heat dissipation channel.
11. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, A connecting seat is provided inside the receiving cavity, and a connecting hole is provided on the side plate. The side plate and the connecting seat are connected by fasteners.
12. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The electrical equipment includes a device body and a battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the battery device is disposed on the device body.