High-capacity battery assembly

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-capacity battery assembly, which mainly solves the problem that the existing high-capacity battery has potential safety hazards. The high-capacity battery assembly comprises a high-capacity battery, a first heat exchange device and a second heat exchange device, the high-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries arranged in the shell along the same direction; the first heat exchange device is arranged at the top of the shell, the first heat exchange device is provided with a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes, and the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel is in direct contact with the polar terminal of each single battery for heat exchange; the second heat exchange device is arranged on at least one of the bottom of the shell and the side wall of the shell and is used for exchanging heat with the shell of the high-capacity battery. When the high-capacity battery works normally, the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device exchange heat with the polarity terminal and the shell of the high-capacity battery, so that the temperatures of different positions of the whole high-capacity battery are effectively controlled, and the high-capacity battery heat exchange device is of great significance to safe and stable operation of the high-capacity battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of batteries, specifically relating to a high-capacity battery module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many high-capacity batteries (also known as high-capacity batteries or battery packs) are made by connecting multiple individual cells in parallel, series, or series-parallel connections. However, the individual cells in existing high-capacity batteries have their own differences. Due to the "weakest link" effect, the battery is often affected by the worst-performing individual cell, which greatly limits the upper limit of the overall capacity and the number of cycles of the high-capacity battery.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, the internal cavities of each individual battery cell are connected via a shared electrolyte chamber. This ensures that the electrolytes in all individual cells are within the same system, reducing differences between individual cell electrolytes and improving consistency to some extent, thus extending the cycle life of the large-capacity battery. However, due to the high density of individual cells in a large-capacity battery, a significant amount of heat is generated during charging and discharging. This heat gradually increases, and if not released promptly, it accumulates, causing uneven temperature distribution within the large-capacity battery. This reduces its lifespan, and in severe cases, disrupts the thermal balance, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This utility model provides a large-capacity battery assembly, which mainly solves the problem of safety hazards existing in existing large-capacity batteries.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A high-capacity battery assembly includes a high-capacity battery, a first heat exchange device, and a second heat exchange device. The high-capacity battery includes a casing and multiple individual cells arranged in the same direction within the casing. The casing has a shared chamber, the inner cavity of which communicates with the inner cavities of all individual cells. A first clearance hole is provided on the top plate of the casing corresponding to the polarity terminal of each individual cell. The polarity terminals of each individual cell extend out of the first clearance hole and are connected in parallel. The area of ​​the top plate of the casing corresponding to the first clearance hole is fixedly sealed to the casing of the individual cells. The first heat exchange device is located on the top of the casing and has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polarity terminals of each individual cell for heat exchange. The second heat exchange device is located at least at one location on the bottom and side wall of the casing for heat exchange with the casing of the high-capacity battery.

[0007] Furthermore, the first heat exchange device is a hollow box with one open end. The open end of the hollow box is sealed and fixed to the top plate of the outer shell, and the cavity formed by the hollow box and the top plate of the outer shell serves as a heat exchange channel. The hollow box is provided with a second clearance hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each individual battery. Each polarity terminal of the individual battery extends out of the corresponding second clearance hole, and the polarity terminal and the second clearance hole are sealed.

[0008] Furthermore, the first heat exchange device includes a connecting pipe assembly, and each individual cell has a channel through the polar terminal. The connecting pipe assembly connects the channels on the polar terminals of adjacent individual cells to form a heat exchange channel. The connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polar terminals of each individual cell.

[0009] Furthermore, the portion of each individual battery cell whose polar terminal contacts the insulating heat exchange medium is equipped with a functional structure to increase the heat exchange area.

[0010] Furthermore, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each individual battery cell; the gas shared chamber is connected to the gas area of ​​each individual battery cell, or the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer casing and each individual battery cell, the gas channel covering the explosion venting membrane of each individual battery cell, and when the explosion venting membrane of any individual battery cell is ruptured by the thermal runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the gas area of ​​that individual battery cell and the gas channel are connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the second heat exchange device includes a liquid cooling plate disposed at the bottom of the outer casing, the liquid cooling plate sharing a chamber with the electrolyte inside the outer casing for heat exchange.

[0012] Furthermore, the second heat exchange device includes a liquid cooling plate disposed on the side wall of the outer shell, wherein the liquid inlet port and the liquid outlet port of the liquid cooling plate are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid inlet port is located below the liquid outlet port.

[0013] Furthermore, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected in series.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer casing is provided with an explosion venting mechanism, and at least one of the electrolyte sharing chamber and the gas sharing chamber is connected to the explosion venting mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, an insulating sealant layer is provided on the upper part of the outer casing, and the main body of the first heat exchange device is located within the insulating sealant layer. The adapter pipes connecting to the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the first heat exchange device extend beyond the insulating sealant layer. An insulating protective cover is provided on the top of the outer casing, and the polarity terminals of each individual battery and the first heat exchange device are located inside the insulating protective cover.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. This utility model adds a first heat exchange device and a second heat exchange device to a large-capacity battery. The first heat exchange device mainly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of each individual cell in the large-capacity battery, and can promptly remove heat from the polarity terminals of individual cells where heat is concentrated. The second heat exchange device mainly exchanges heat with the outer casing of the large-capacity battery, and can promptly remove heat from the outer casing. During normal operation of the large-capacity battery, the first and second heat exchange devices exchange heat with the polarity terminals and the outer casing of the large-capacity battery, so that the temperature at different locations of the entire large-capacity battery is effectively controlled, avoiding performance and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperatures. This is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery.

[0018] Meanwhile, the first heat exchange device of this utility model adopts a direct heat exchange method with the large-capacity battery. The first heat exchange device is provided with a heat exchange channel through which the insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel is in direct contact with the polar terminal of the single battery. The insulating heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, so that the insulating heat exchange medium has a shorter heat exchange path, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the insulating heat exchange medium, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the large-capacity battery, enhancing the temperature control effect of the large-capacity battery, and further improving the safety of the large-capacity battery during use.

[0019] 2. In the large-capacity battery assembly of this utility model, the first heat exchange device is a hollow box with one open end. In the heat exchange channel formed by the hollow box, the insulating heat exchange medium not only directly exchanges heat with the polar terminals of each individual battery, but also directly contacts the top plate of the outer shell for heat exchange, which further improves the heat exchange effect of the insulating heat exchange medium on the large-capacity battery.

[0020] 3. In the large-capacity battery assembly of this utility model, the first heat exchange device includes at least one heat exchange plate, and the heat exchange plate exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of all individual cells in the large-capacity battery. This first heat exchange device adopts an integrated structure, which has good overall sealing performance and is also easy to process and manufacture.

[0021] 4. In the large-capacity battery assembly of this utility model, without affecting the conductivity of the polar terminals, a functional structure is provided on the polar terminals of each individual battery to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polar terminals. The part with the functional structure is placed in the first heat exchange device to exchange heat with the insulating heat exchange medium. Compared with the polar terminals without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and thus can obtain a better heat exchange effect.

[0022] 5. In this utility model of a large-capacity battery, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber. The electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte regions of each individual cell located within the casing, allowing for electrolyte sharing among the individual cells to ensure consistency and thus improve the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to some extent. The gas shared chamber is connected to the gas regions of each individual cell located within the casing, ensuring gas balance among the individual cells and improving consistency between them, thereby further enhancing the cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0023] 6. In the large-capacity battery assembly of this utility model, the second heat exchange device includes a liquid cooling plate disposed at the bottom of the outer casing. The liquid cooling plate is in contact with the electrolyte sharing chamber inside the outer casing, and directly cools the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber, which can further improve the temperature control effect. When any single cell experiences thermal runaway, the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the liquid cooling plate, slowing down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, thereby slowing down the process of thermal runaway of the entire large-capacity battery and improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0024] 7. In the large-capacity battery assembly of this utility model, the second heat exchange device includes a liquid-cooled plate disposed on the side wall of the outer casing. The liquid inlet port of the liquid-cooled plate is close to the bottom of the outer casing, and the liquid outlet port is close to the top of the outer casing. Since the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the liquid inlet port is lower than that at the liquid outlet port, the heat exchange effect between the liquid-cooled plate and the bottom of the outer casing is greater than that between the liquid-cooled plate and the top of the outer casing. At the same time, since the heat at the top of the outer casing has already been processed by the first heat exchange device, this arrangement ensures the uniformity of heat exchange at different locations of the entire large-capacity battery. Furthermore, by placing the liquid-cooled plate on the side wall of the outer casing, the liquid-cooled plate can suppress the deformation of the outer casing caused by expansion, avoiding safety hazards such as leakage, internal short circuits, and thermal runaway caused by casing bulging and deformation, thus improving the safety and reliability of the large-capacity battery.

[0025] 8. In the large-capacity battery assembly of this utility model, the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device are connected in series. After being connected in series, the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device can be connected to the external temperature control pipeline through fewer pipe joints, which facilitates the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the large-capacity battery assembly, and also reduces the leakage problem caused by a large number of pipe joints.

[0026] 9. In this utility model of a large-capacity battery assembly, an insulating sealant layer is provided above the top plate of the outer casing. The main body of the first heat exchange device is located within the insulating sealant layer. The insulating sealant layer can prevent short circuits caused by condensation on the outside of the first heat exchange device, and further improves the overall sealing performance of the first heat exchange device. Furthermore, the large-capacity battery utilizes an insulating protective cover to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminals and the first heat exchange device, avoiding potential safety hazards from exposed polarity terminals during operation. It also prevents foreign objects from falling into the polarity terminals and causing short circuits, thus enhancing the safety of the large-capacity battery. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling plate installed on the side wall of the large-capacity battery casing in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of two liquid cooling plates on the side wall of the large-capacity battery casing in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the high-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the first heat exchange device in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a cross-section of the high-capacity battery in Example 1. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-section of the high-capacity battery in Example 1. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery casing with a liquid cooling plate at the bottom in Example 2;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery casing in Example 2, where liquid cooling plates are provided on both the side walls and the bottom.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 3;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0038] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 4;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0042] Figure 16 This is an exploded view of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0043] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in Example 5 where the polarity terminal of a single battery cell has a channel;

[0044] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0045] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 6. Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange plate in Example 6. Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 6. Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange plate in Example 6. Figure 2 .

[0049] Reference numerals: 1-High-capacity battery, 2-First heat exchanger, 3-Second heat exchanger, 11-Single cell, 12-Casing, 13-Electrical connection assembly, 14-Sealing connection, 15-Explosion relief mechanism, 16-Insulating sealant layer, 17-Insulating protective cover, 111-Polar terminal, 112-Channel, 113-Fixing part, 114-Heat-conducting rib, 115-Functional structure, 121-Electrolyte sharing chamber, 122-Gas sharing chamber, 131 132-Second electrical connector, 21-Transfer pipe, 22-Sub-connecting pipe, 23-Heat exchange fitting, 24-Heat exchange plate, 25-First channel, 26-Second channel, 27-Hollow housing, 28-O-ring seal, 29-Intermediate pipe section, 271-Sealed top plate, 272-Second side plate, 273-First side plate, 274-Second clearance hole, 31-Liquid cooling plate, 311-Liquid inlet port, 312-Liquid outlet port, 313-Baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0051] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] To increase the capacity limit and cycle life of high-capacity batteries, multiple individual cells are arranged in the same direction within a casing. The top plate of the casing has a first clearance hole allowing the polarity terminals of each individual cell to extend. Simultaneously, the casing includes a shared chamber, with the inner cavity of each individual cell communicating with this shared chamber. This shared chamber includes a gas-sharing chamber and an electrolyte-sharing chamber. This shared chamber reduces the differences between individual cells, improving their consistency to some extent, thereby enhancing the cycle life of the high-capacity battery.

[0054] To improve the reliability of the aforementioned high-capacity batteries during operation, existing technologies generally equip them with thermal management devices. These devices either handle the heat from the battery casing or the heat from the polarity terminals. However, this single approach cannot address the heat generated at different locations within the entire high-capacity battery in a timely manner, resulting in poor temperature control for the batteries.

[0055] This invention provides a first heat exchange device and a second heat exchange device for the aforementioned large-capacity battery. The first heat exchange device primarily exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of each individual cell in the large-capacity battery, effectively dissipating heat from the terminals where heat is concentrated. The second heat exchange device primarily exchanges heat with the battery casing, dissipating heat from the casing as well. During normal operation, the first and second heat exchange devices simultaneously exchange heat with the battery terminals and casing, effectively preventing heat accumulation between individual cells within the battery casing. This achieves balanced heat dissipation for all individual cells, ensuring effective temperature control across different areas of the entire battery. This avoids performance and safety issues caused by excessively high or low temperatures, thus improving the safety of the large-capacity battery during use.

[0056] Crucially, the aforementioned first heat exchange device is equipped with a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in this channel directly contacts the polarity terminals of the individual cells, meaning that part of the polarity terminal structure is directly placed inside the first heat exchange device, allowing the polarity terminals to directly contact the insulating heat exchange medium. The insulating heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminals of each individual cell, enabling the first heat exchange device to directly exchange heat with the large-capacity battery. Compared to indirect heat exchange methods, this direct heat exchange method has a shorter heat exchange path, improves the utilization efficiency of the insulating heat exchange medium, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the large-capacity battery, and can further enhance the safety of the large-capacity battery during use.

[0057] Meanwhile, when the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the outer casing of the large-capacity battery, it comes into contact with the electrolyte sharing chamber inside the casing, directly cooling the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber, which can further improve the temperature control effect. When any single cell experiences thermal runaway, the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange device, slowing down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, thereby slowing down the process of thermal runaway of the entire large-capacity battery and improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-capacity battery assembly, which includes a high-capacity battery 1, a first heat exchange device 2, and a second heat exchange device 3. The first heat exchange device 2 mainly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals 111 of each individual cell 11 in the high-capacity battery 1, and the second heat exchange device 3 mainly exchanges heat with the casing 12 of the high-capacity battery 1. The structure of the high-capacity battery 1, the first heat exchange device 2, and the second heat exchange device 3 will be described in detail below.

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, the high-capacity battery 1 provided in this embodiment includes a casing 12 and multiple individual battery cells 11. In this embodiment, the individual battery cells 11 are prismatic cells, and the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each individual battery cell 11 includes an electrolyte region and a gas region. For ease of description, in this embodiment, the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells 11 is defined as the x-direction, the height direction of the individual battery cells 11 is defined as the z-direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the x-direction and the z-direction is defined as the y-direction.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, after multiple individual batteries 11 are arranged in the same direction and placed inside the housing 12, a first clearance hole is provided on the top plate of the housing 12 corresponding to the polarity terminal 111 of each individual battery 11. The polarity terminal 111 of each individual battery 11 extends out of the corresponding first clearance hole as the polarity terminal 111 of the large-capacity battery 1 (the polarity terminals 111 of all individual batteries 11 on one side serve as the positive polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 1, and the polarity terminals 111 of all individual batteries 11 on the other side serve as the negative polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 1). The area of ​​the top plate of the housing 12 corresponding to the first clearance hole is fixedly sealed with the housing of the individual battery 11, so that the gap between the polarity terminal 111 and the first clearance hole is sealed. Usually, a sealing connector 14 can be used to achieve the fixed sealing between the area of ​​the top plate of the housing 12 and the housing of the individual battery 11. The sealing connector 14 may include a hollow component (similar to a hollow tube), which is sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminal 111 of the single cell 11. The bottom of the hollow component is sealed to the area around the polarity terminal 111 of the upper cover plate of the single cell 11, and the top of the hollow component is sealed to the area of ​​the top plate of the outer shell 12 corresponding to the first clearance hole. The sealing connection may be achieved by welding.

[0062] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 111 of the single cell 11 here can be the terminal post of the single cell 11. In order to prevent the terminal post of the single cell 11 from not being able to extend smoothly out of the first clearance hole as the polarity terminal 111, a terminal post adapter can be connected to the terminal post of the single cell 11, and the overall structure of the terminal post of the single cell 11 and the terminal post adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 111 of the single cell 11.

[0063] The aforementioned outer casing 12 has a shared chamber, the inner cavity of which is connected to the inner cavities of all individual battery cells 11. By placing multiple individual battery cells 11 within an outer casing 12 with the shared chamber, and utilizing the connection between this shared chamber and the inner cavities of each individual battery cell 11 within the casing 12, the differences between the individual battery cells 11 are reduced, improving the consistency among them to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the high-capacity battery 1 to some extent. The shared chamber specifically includes the following types:

[0064] The shared chamber within the outer casing 12 can be an electrolyte sharing chamber 121. The inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​all individual battery cells 11. Through the electrolyte sharing chamber 121, each individual battery cell 11 is placed in a uniform electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte within each individual battery cell 11 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. It should be noted that the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 is an electrolyte containing chamber. After it is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each individual battery cell 11, it is necessary to ensure that the electrolyte in the entire large-capacity battery 1 does not come into contact with the external environment.

[0065] The shared chamber within the aforementioned outer casing 12 can be a gas-sharing chamber 122. The inner cavity of the gas-sharing chamber 122 is connected to the gas region of the inner cavity of all individual battery cells 11. Gas balance among the individual battery cells 11 is achieved through the gas-sharing chamber 122, which also improves the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. In this structure, the upper cover of the individual battery cell 11 has a gas port that communicates with the inner cavity of the individual battery cell 11. The inner cavity of the gas-sharing chamber 122 is connected to the gas region of the inner cavity of each individual battery cell 11 through this gas port. Based on the gas-sharing chamber 122, the gas regions of each individual battery cell 11 can be connected, achieving gas balance.

[0066] The aforementioned shared chamber can be a gas-liquid shared chamber. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​all individual battery cells 11. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each individual battery cell 11 can be in a unified electrolyte and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. In a specific configuration, the side plate of the outer casing 12 has a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells 11, forming a gas-liquid shared chamber at the protrusion. This gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​each individual battery cell 11.

[0067] The aforementioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 121 and a gas shared chamber 122. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 121 is connected to the electrolyte region of all individual cells 11, and the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 122 is connected to the gas region of all individual cells 11. The aforementioned high-capacity battery 1 places multiple individual cells 11 inside a housing 12 with a shared chamber. By utilizing the connection between the shared chamber and the inner cavity of each individual cell 11 located within the housing 12, the electrolyte and gas of each individual cell 11 are shared, thereby ensuring the consistency of each individual cell 11. That is, by connecting the electrolyte and gas of each individual cell 11, the electrolyte and gas of all individual cells 11 are in the same system, reducing the differences between individual cells 11 and improving the consistency between individual cells 11 to a certain extent, thus improving the cycle life of the high-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent.

[0068] The aforementioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 121 and a gas shared chamber 122. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 121 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of all individual cells 11. The gas shared chamber 122 is a gas channel 112 located between the top plate of the outer casing 12 and each individual cell 11. The gas channel 112 covers the explosion venting part (which may be an explosion venting membrane) on the top of each individual cell 11. When the explosion venting part of any individual cell 11 is ruptured by the thermal runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of that individual cell 11 is connected to the inner cavity of the gas chamber. The gas-sharing chamber 122 is used as a venting channel 112. That is, during the normal operation of the large-capacity battery 1, the inner cavity of each individual battery cell 11 is not connected to the venting channel 112. When any individual battery cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the venting part at the top of the individual battery cell 11 is opened by the flue gas in the inner cavity, and the inner cavity of the individual battery cell 11 is connected to the venting channel 112. The thermal runaway flue gas is discharged through the venting channel 112, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0069] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, to further enhance the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during use, a pressure relief mechanism 15 communicating with the inner cavity of the outer casing 12 is provided on the outer casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1. The pressure relief mechanism 15 specifically includes a pressure relief pipe and a pressure relief section. The pressure relief pipe is connected to the pressure relief port of the large-capacity battery 1, and the pressure relief section is located on the pressure relief pipe or on the pressure relief port of the large-capacity battery 1. Specifically, the pressure relief section can be a pressure relief diaphragm or a pressure relief valve. This pressure relief mechanism 15 ensures that in the event of thermal runaway, the thermal runaway fumes inside the large-capacity battery 1 can be smoothly discharged, avoiding safety hazards such as explosions inside the outer casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0070] In specific connection, at least one of the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 and the gas sharing chamber 122 is connected to the explosion relief mechanism 15. When both the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 and the gas sharing chamber 122 are connected to the explosion relief mechanism 15, the large-capacity battery 1 has two explosion relief channels 112. When any single cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway fumes are discharged from different explosion relief channels 112, which can reduce the heat and thermal runaway fumes accumulated in the explosion relief channels 112 and the single cell 11 in a short time, thereby reducing the risk of explosion.

[0071] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, during the assembly of the large-capacity battery 1, electrical connections between individual battery cells 11 are achieved through the electrical connection assembly 13. In this embodiment, the electrical connection assembly 13 includes a first electrical connector 131 and a second electrical connector 132. The first electrical connector 131 is used to achieve parallel connection between the individual battery cells 11 in the large-capacity battery 1. The second electrical connector 132 is a connecting device for electrically connecting two large-capacity batteries 1, or it can be a connecting device for connecting the large-capacity battery 1 to an external load. The first electrical connector 131 and the second electrical connector 132 are generally electrical connection plates. When the electrical connection plate is electrically connected to the polarity terminals 111 of each individual battery cell 11, the electrical connection plate can be soldered to the polarity terminals 111 of each individual battery cell 11, or screws can be used to fix the electrical connection plate to the polarity terminals 111 of each individual battery cell 11.

[0072] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the aforementioned large-capacity batteries 1, a first heat exchange device 2 and a second heat exchange device 3 are added to the large-capacity batteries 1. The first heat exchange device 2 mainly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals 111 of the large-capacity batteries 1, promptly dissipating heat from the polarity terminals 111 where heat is concentrated, primarily used to control the temperature of the top of the large-capacity battery 1, especially the polarity terminals 111. After the end face of the polarity terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 extends out of the first heat exchange device 2, it is used to connect with the first electrical connector 131 or the second electrical connector 132. The second heat exchange device 3 mainly exchanges heat with the outer casing 12 of the large-capacity batteries 1. The first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 work together to effectively control the temperature of different locations and areas of the entire large-capacity battery 1, ensuring that the large-capacity battery 14 operates within the optimal temperature range and improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during use.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first heat exchange device 2 is disposed on the top of the outer casing 12. The first heat exchange device 2 has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 for heat exchange. By introducing the insulating heat exchange medium into the heat exchange channel, the insulating heat exchange medium directly contacts the polar terminals 111, thereby achieving temperature control of the large-capacity battery 1. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is higher than a set threshold, the large-capacity battery 1 is cooled down by introducing a lower-temperature insulating heat exchange medium into the heat exchange channel; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery 1 is heated up by introducing a higher-temperature insulating heat exchange medium into the heat exchange channel. By controlling the temperature of the insulating heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery 1 always operates at its normal operating temperature.

[0074] The first heat exchange device 2 adopts a direct heat exchange method, which allows the polar terminal 111 to directly contact the insulating heat exchange medium, thereby achieving heat exchange of the polar terminal 111. Compared with the effect of indirect heat exchange of the insulating heat exchange medium to the polar terminal 111 through the heat exchange element, firstly, it has a shorter heat exchange path, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the insulating heat exchange medium; secondly, it has a larger heat exchange area, which improves the heat exchange efficiency, and thus can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery 1.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first heat exchange device 2 and the heat exchange channel are implemented through the following structure:

[0076] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the first heat exchange device 2 includes multiple sub-first heat exchange devices, each corresponding to a single cell 11. Each sub-first heat exchange device includes at least one heat exchange tube 23, each heat exchange tube 23 having a first channel 25 extending in the x-direction and at least one second channel 26. The polar terminal 111 of each single cell 11 passes through a first clearance hole on the top plate of the outer casing 12, and then passes through each heat exchange tube 23 in the z-direction to achieve electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly 13, connecting the first channels 25 of adjacent single cell 11 heat exchange tubes 23 to form a heat exchange channel. A portion of the structure of the polar terminal 111 of each single cell 11 is located within the heat exchange channel and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. Each heat exchange tube 23 is insulated from adjacent single cells 11.

[0077] The specific details of the first heat exchange device in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0078] a. such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first heat exchange device includes two heat exchange tubes 23 arranged along the y direction. Each heat exchange tube 23 is provided with a first channel 25 and a second channel. The first channel 25 extends along the x direction. The second channel extends along the z direction and is connected to the first channel 25. The two polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 pass through the second channels on the two heat exchange tubes 23 respectively and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. The two ports of the second channel are sealed with the polar terminals 111.

[0079] b. The first heat exchange device includes a heat exchange tube 23. Each heat exchange tube 23 is provided with a first channel 25 and two second channels arranged along the y direction. The first channel 25 is through in the x direction. The second channel is through in the z direction and connected to the first channel 25. The two polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 pass through the two second channels on the heat exchange tube 23 and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. The two ports of the second channel are sealed with the polar terminals 111.

[0080] c. For example Figure 6 As shown, the first heat exchange device includes two heat exchange tubes 23 arranged along the y-direction. Each heat exchange tube 23 is a half-tube, which can be understood as dividing the entire tube into two halves along the axial direction. Each half is a half-tube. The half-tubes are fastened and sealed to the top plate of the outer shell 12. Each heat exchange tube 23 has a first channel 25 and a second channel. The first channel 25 is through in the x-direction. The second channel is through in the z-direction and connected to the first channel 25. The two polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 pass through the second channels on the two heat exchange tubes 23 respectively and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. One port of the second channel is sealed to the polar terminal 111.

[0081] d. The first heat exchange device includes a heat exchange tube 23, which is a half-tube. The half-tube is fastened and sealed to the top plate of the outer shell 12. Each heat exchange tube 23 has a first channel 25 and two second channels arranged along the y direction. The first channel 25 is through in the x direction. The second channel is through in the z direction and connected to the first channel 25. The two polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 pass through the two second channels on the heat exchange tube 23 and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. One port of the second channel is sealed to the polar terminal 111.

[0082] When the large-capacity battery 1 is installed, the heat exchange tubes 23 on the polarity terminals 111 of adjacent individual cells 11 are interconnected to form a heat exchange channel, thereby achieving heat exchange with each individual cell 11. This embodiment does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange tubes 23. Since the heat exchange tubes 23 in this embodiment are placed on top of the planar outer shell 12, considering structural regularity, the heat exchange tubes 23 in this embodiment are rectangular tubes or rectangular half-tubes. In some other embodiments, circular tubes or other structural forms of tubes may also be used.

[0083] The first channel 25 described above is a channel 112 opened along the length of the heat exchange tube 23. The inner cavity of the first channel 25 serves as a flow cavity for the insulating heat exchange medium, and the two ends of the first channel 25 serve as the inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 23, respectively. The second channel described above allows part of the structure of the polarity terminal 111 to pass through. In this embodiment, the second channel is perpendicular to the first channel 25. In addition, in the z-direction (height direction of the single cell 11), the size of the second channel is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal 111, ensuring that the top of the polarity terminal 111, as the electrical connection part, can extend out of the second channel.

[0084] In this embodiment, the port shape of the second channel is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 111. The port shape of the second channel is circular, and the cross-section of the polar terminal 111 is also circular. The diameter of the two ports of the second channel is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polar terminal 111. In other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the second channel and the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 111 may be different, as long as it is ensured that the polar terminal 111 can be inserted into the second channel and can achieve a seal.

[0085] When constructing a large-capacity battery 1, the heat exchange tubes 23 of each individual battery 11 located on the same side can be connected to form two heat exchange channels on the top of the large-capacity battery 1. The two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel or in series, and the heat exchange of the large-capacity battery 1 can be achieved based on the two heat exchange channels.

[0086] In specific connection, a connecting pipe segment can be connected to either the inlet or outlet end of the heat exchanger fitting 23. Taking the connection at the inlet end as an example, the connecting pipe segment of one heat exchanger fitting 23 can be inserted into the outlet end of another heat exchanger fitting 23 to achieve communication between the two adjacent heat exchanger fittings 23. The connection point between the connecting pipe segment and the other heat exchanger fitting 23 needs to be sealed. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, connecting pipe sections can also be provided at the inlet and outlet of each heat exchanger 23. In two adjacent heat exchanger 23s, the connecting pipe section of one heat exchanger 23 and the connecting pipe section of the other heat exchanger 23 are connected by an intermediate pipe section 29.

[0087] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, since the heat exchanger tube 23 contains an insulating heat exchange medium, its sealing performance is particularly important. To ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchanger tube 23, this embodiment provides two second annular grooves extending circumferentially on each polarity terminal 111, with the two second annular grooves arranged along the z-direction. O-rings 28 are embedded in the two second annular grooves, and the two O-rings 28 are pressed against the two ports of the second channel 26 respectively, thereby achieving sealing and improving the stability of the heat exchanger tube 23.

[0088] In some other embodiments, when a metal heat exchange tube 23 is used, the polar terminal 111 and the top port of the second channel 26 can be sealed by welding (the top port mentioned here is the port near the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111, and the stability of the heat exchange tube 23 on the polar terminal 111 can be further improved by welding).

[0089] In this embodiment, a transfer pipe 21 is also connected to the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the first heat exchange device 2, which facilitates connection with external temperature control pipelines.

[0090] It should be noted that: because the polar terminal 111 of this utility model is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium, an ideal insulating heat exchange medium should possess good insulation properties, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant properties, low cost, suitable operating temperature, long service life, and non-corrosiveness. In this utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be, but is not limited to, insulating oil and fluorinated liquid; after the heat exchange tube 23 comes into contact with the outer shell 12 or the polar terminal 111, a short circuit may occur. At this time, it is necessary to achieve insulation between the heat exchange tube 23 and the outer shell 12 and the polar terminal 111. The above insulation can usually be achieved by the following methods:

[0091] 1. Select heat exchanger fittings made of insulating material 23;

[0092] 2. Select intermediate pipe section 29 made of insulating material;

[0093] 3. Using non-insulated heat exchange tubes 23, the tube walls of heat exchange tubes 23 can be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint or wrapping with insulating film, to overcome this problem; an insulating sealing gasket can also be added between the heat exchange tubes 23 and the polar terminal 111 and the top of the outer shell 12 to overcome this problem; of course, for safety, multiple insulation methods can be used in combination with the above methods to overcome this problem.

[0094] In this embodiment, the second heat exchange device 3 is disposed at at least at the bottom and sidewall of the outer casing 12, and exchanges heat with the bottom or sidewall of the outer casing 12 to handle the heat generated by the outer casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1. The second heat exchange device 3 includes at least one liquid cooling plate 31. When the liquid cooling plate 31 exchanges heat with the outer casing 12, it can exchange heat with the sidewall of the outer casing 12, the bottom plate of the outer casing 12, or both. The sidewall of the outer casing 12 refers to the sidewall of the outer casing 12 parallel to the xz plane, and the bottom plate of the outer casing 12 is parallel to the xy plane.

[0095] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 31 exchanges heat with the side wall of the outer casing 12. The liquid cooling plate 31 has a large heat exchange area when exchanging heat with the side wall of the outer casing 12, which can further improve the temperature control effect of the large-capacity battery 1. Simultaneously, by placing the liquid cooling plate 31 on the side wall of the outer casing 12, the liquid cooling plate 31 can also suppress the deformation of the outer casing 12 caused by expansion, avoiding safety hazards such as leakage, internal short circuits, and thermal runaway caused by the bulging and deformation of the outer casing 12, thus improving the safety and reliability of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0096] like Figure 7As shown, since the sidewall of the outer casing 12 is rectangular, the liquid cooling plate 31 in this embodiment is a rectangular liquid cooling plate 31. This rectangular liquid cooling plate 31 is attached to the sidewall of the outer casing 12 and exchanges heat with it. The sidewall of the liquid cooling plate 31 has two ports, serving as an inlet port 311 and an outlet port 312. The heat exchange medium enters the liquid cooling plate 31 through the inlet port 311, exchanges heat with the outer casing 12, and then exits through the outlet port 312. The inlet port 311 and the outlet port 312 can be located on different sidewalls of the liquid cooling plate 31, or they can be located on the same sidewall of the liquid cooling plate 31 simultaneously. If the liquid inlet port 311 and the liquid outlet port 312 are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate 31, then the cavity of the liquid cooling plate 31 is provided with a partition 313, which divides the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate 31 into a U-shaped flow channel, and the liquid inlet port 311 and the liquid outlet port 312 are respectively connected to the U-shaped flow channel.

[0097] In this embodiment, the liquid inlet port 311 and the liquid outlet port 312 of the liquid cooling plate 31 are preferably located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate 31, with the liquid inlet port 311 located below the liquid outlet port 312. After the liquid cooling plate 31 is installed, the liquid inlet port 311 of the liquid cooling plate 31 is close to the bottom of the outer casing 12, and the liquid outlet port 312 is close to the top of the outer casing 12. Since the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the liquid inlet port 311 is lower than the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the liquid outlet port 312, the heat exchange effect of the liquid cooling plate 31 on the bottom of the outer casing 12 is greater than the heat exchange effect on the top of the outer casing 12. At the same time, since the heat at the top of the large-capacity battery 1 has been processed by the first heat exchange device 2, this arrangement improves the temperature uniformity of different positions of the entire large-capacity battery 1.

[0098] Meanwhile, the liquid inlet port 311 of the liquid cooling plate 31 is close to the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 at the bottom of the outer shell 12, and contacts the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 inside the outer shell 12, directly cooling the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 121, which can further improve the temperature control effect; when any single cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the liquid cooling plate 31, slowing down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, thereby slowing down the process of thermal runaway of the entire large-capacity battery 1 and improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery 1.

[0099] To improve the supporting strength of the liquid cooling plate 31, this embodiment preferentially uses a metal liquid cooling plate 31. When the outer casing 12 is energized, insulation should be ensured between the liquid cooling plate 31 and the outer casing 12. This can usually be achieved by insulating the outer casing 12 or the liquid cooling plate 31, such as by covering the surface of the outer casing 12 or the liquid cooling plate 31 with an insulating material, spraying insulating paint on the surface of the outer casing 12 or the liquid cooling plate 31, or adding an insulating pad between the two. Alternatively, a harder insulating material can be used to prepare the liquid cooling plate 31, but the supporting strength of the liquid cooling plate 31 must be ensured.

[0100] When installing the liquid cooling plate 31, it can be fixed to the side wall of the outer casing 12 by screw connection or adhesive bonding. If adhesive bonding is selected, thermally conductive adhesive with good thermal conductivity is preferred.

[0101] In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 3 can also be connected in series. Specifically, the adapter pipe 21 at the liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 can be connected to the liquid inlet port 311 of the liquid cooling plate 31, or the adapter pipe 21 at the liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger 2 can be connected to the liquid outlet port 312 of the liquid cooling plate 31. After series connection, the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 3 can be connected to the external temperature control pipeline with fewer pipe joints, facilitating the installation, disassembly, and maintenance of large-capacity battery modules, while also reducing leakage problems caused by a large number of pipe joints.

[0102] In some other embodiments, the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 may also be connected in parallel, that is, the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 are respectively connected to an external temperature control pipeline.

[0103] The first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 exchange heat with the large-capacity battery 1 at different locations. After absorbing heat in the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3, the heat exchange medium is transferred to an external heat treatment device for processing through a temperature control pipeline. The heat treatment device is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat exchange medium. For example, the heat treatment device is specifically a heater, a chiller, or a refrigerator or water chiller with a compressor.

[0104] The heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange device 2 is an insulating heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange device 3 is also an insulating heat exchange medium. Therefore, the same set of temperature control pipelines can be used to connect the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3. At this time, the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0105] If the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange device 3 is a non-insulating heat exchange medium, while the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange device 2 is an insulating heat exchange medium, and the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 are filled with different heat exchange media, then different temperature control pipelines and different heat treatment devices are used to connect to the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 respectively. In this case, the first heat exchange device 2 and the second heat exchange device 3 cannot be connected in series, but can only be connected in parallel.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, this embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 31 is placed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1. Since the bottom plate of the outer casing 12 is rectangular, the liquid cooling plate 31 in this embodiment is a rectangular liquid cooling plate. This rectangular liquid cooling plate is placed at the bottom of the outer casing 12 and exchanges heat with the bottom plate of the outer casing 12. Placing the liquid cooling plate 31 at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1 has the following advantages:

[0108] First, the liquid cooling plate 31 can dissipate heat from the large-capacity battery 1 in a timely manner, achieving balanced heat dissipation for each individual cell 11 within the large-capacity battery 1. Simultaneously, when the liquid cooling plate 31 is positioned at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1, it contacts the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 at the bottom plate of the outer casing 12, further reducing the temperature of the free electrolyte within the electrolyte sharing chamber 121. This optimizes the overall heat dissipation effect of the large-capacity battery 1 and improves its operational safety.

[0109] Secondly, when any single cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 absorbs heat and vaporizes, exacerbating the thermal runaway. In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 31 is placed on the bottom of the outer casing 12 and is in direct contact with the electrolyte sharing chamber 121 to cool the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 121, slow down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, and thus slow down the process of thermal runaway of the entire large-capacity battery 1, improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery 1.

[0110] Third, the liquid cooling plate 31 is located at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1, providing a certain degree of support. At the same time, placing the liquid cooling plate 31 at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1 also improves the flatness of the bottom of the battery 1, giving it better stability during placement.

[0111] It should be noted that when the liquid cooling plate 31 is placed at the bottom of the casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1 and comes into contact with the casing 12, insulation should be ensured between the liquid cooling plate 31 and the large-capacity battery 1 when the casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1 is energized. This can usually be achieved by insulating the casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 31, such as by spraying insulating paint or covering the surface of the casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 31, or by adding an insulating pad between the two. Alternatively, the liquid cooling plate 31 can be made of a harder insulating material.

[0112] In other embodiments, liquid cooling plates 31 can also be provided on both the sidewall and bottom of the large-capacity battery 1. Multiple liquid cooling plates 31 can exchange heat with the sidewall and bottom of the large-capacity battery 1 at the same time, effectively dissipating heat from all directions on the sidewall and bottom of the large-capacity battery 1, greatly improving the heat dissipation performance of the large-capacity battery 1, and effectively controlling the temperature at different locations of the entire large-capacity battery 1. This avoids performance and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperatures of the large-capacity battery 1, which is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0113] In addition, in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 31 is set at the bottom of the casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1 and on the side wall of the casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1, which directly acts on the free electrolyte inside the casing 12 of the large-capacity battery 1 to cool down the free electrolyte, slow down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, and thus slow down the process of thermal runaway of the entire large-capacity battery 1, thereby improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery 1.

[0114] Example 3

[0115] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, based on the large-capacity battery 1 in Embodiments 1 and 2 above, an insulating sealant layer 16 is laid on the top of the outer casing 12. The main body of the first heat exchange device 2 is located within the insulating sealant layer 16, and both the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the first heat exchange device 2 are exposed within the insulating sealant layer 16. Simultaneously, the insulating sealant layer 16 also fills the space between the polarity terminal 111 and the sealing connector 14. In this embodiment, the electrical connection portions of all polarity terminals 111 extend beyond the insulating sealant layer 16 to facilitate connection with the electrical connection assembly 13.

[0116] Laying an insulating sealant layer 16 on top of a large-capacity battery 1 has at least the following advantages:

[0117] 1. Further improve the sealing performance of the first heat exchange device 2; specifically, the insulating sealant constituting the insulating sealant layer 16 penetrates into the tiny gap between the first heat exchange device 2 and the polar terminal 111 (the insulating sealant cannot enter the inner cavity of the heat exchange channel through the tiny gap), and further seals the gap radially.

[0118] 2. Secondary sealing of the first clearance hole: Even if there is a small gap between the sealing connector 14 and the housing of the single battery 11 and the top plate of the outer shell 12 (the gap does not allow the insulating sealant to pass through), the insulating sealant can be filled in the space between the polar terminal 111 and the sealing connector 14 to seal such a small gap, thereby further improving the sealing performance of the first clearance hole.

[0119] 3. Anti-condensation: During long-term use, condensation will form on the surface of the first heat exchange device 2 due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit. The first heat exchange device 2 is wrapped with an insulating sealant layer 16. When condensation forms on the surface of the first heat exchange device 2, the insulating sealant layer 16 can protect the battery from short circuit.

[0120] Fourth, improve the stability of the first heat exchange device 2; since the first heat exchange device 2 is completely wrapped by the insulating sealant layer 16, the stability of the first heat exchange device 2 on the large-capacity battery 1 can be further improved.

[0121] In some other embodiments, after the electrical connection component 13 is connected to the polarity terminal 111, an insulating sealant layer 16 is laid on top of the large-capacity battery 1. That is, the insulating sealant layer 16 completely covers the polarity terminal 111 of the individual battery 11 and the connection part between the electrical connection component 13 and the polarity terminal 111. In the entire large-capacity battery 1, after the outer casing 12 is insulated, only the electrical connection terminals of the electrical connection component 13 (used to realize the series connection of the large-capacity battery 1) are exposed and live, while the rest are insulated, so that this type of large-capacity battery 1 has higher safety performance.

[0122] To prevent glue overflow during the glue injection process, this embodiment uses a local structure of the outer shell 12 as a glue baffle. In the z direction, the height of the side plate of the outer shell 12 is higher than the height of the top plate of the outer shell 12, and the part of the side plate of the outer shell 12 that is higher than the top plate of the outer shell 12 is used as a glue baffle.

[0123] like Figure 10 As shown, based on the above structure, this embodiment also provides an insulating protective cover 17 on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby providing insulation protection for the polarity terminal 111 and the first heat exchange device 2. This avoids potential safety hazards caused by the exposure of the polarity terminal 111 during the operation of the large-capacity battery 1, and also prevents foreign objects from falling into the polarity terminal 111 and causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery 1, thus improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1. It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 17 completely covers the polarity terminal 111, it would make electrical connection of this type of large-capacity battery 1 more difficult. Therefore, this embodiment opens a slit on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 17, through which the electrical connector can be connected to the polarity terminal 111 of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0124] Example 4

[0125] like Figures 11 to 13As shown, the large-capacity battery module in this embodiment is similar to the large-capacity battery modules in Embodiments 1 to 3, except that the structure of the first heat exchange device 2 in this embodiment is different. The first heat exchange device 2 in this embodiment is implemented through the following structure:

[0126] like Figure 11 As shown, the first heat exchange device 2 in this embodiment includes a hollow box 27 with one open end. To ensure the regularity of the structure of the large-capacity battery 1, components whose shape and size are adapted to the top plate of the outer shell 12 are usually used as the first heat exchange device 2. In this embodiment, the top plate of the outer shell 12 is a rectangular plate, so the hollow box 27 is a cubic box. Second clearance holes 274 are provided on the hollow box 27 opposite to the open end of the cubic box to correspond to the polarity terminals 111 of each individual battery 11. The first heat exchange device 2 of this structure is fixed to the outer shell 12. When at the top, it is fastened to the top of the outer shell 12, and the open end is fixedly sealed to the outer shell 12; in the z direction, the polar terminal 111 penetrates the first heat exchange device 2, that is, part of the structure of the polar terminal 111 is located inside the first heat exchange device 2, directly in contact with the insulating heat exchange medium, and the polar terminal 111 is sealed with the corresponding second clearance hole 274; the other part of the structure of the polar terminal 111 is located outside the first heat exchange device 2, and is connected to the electrical connection assembly 13; the cavity formed by the hollow box 27 and the top plate of the outer shell 12 serves as a heat exchange channel.

[0127] In this embodiment, in the heat exchange channel formed by the hollow box 27, the insulating heat exchange medium not only directly exchanges heat with the polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11, but also directly contacts the top plate of the outer shell 12. The insulating heat exchange medium can also directly act on the top plate of the outer shell 12, further improving the heat exchange effect of the insulating heat exchange medium on each individual battery 11, and having a better heat exchange effect on the large-capacity battery 1.

[0128] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, a hollow box 27 with one open end made of insulating material is selected and the hollow box 27 is fastened to the top plate of the outer shell 12. In order to ensure that the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal 111 of each individual battery 11 can pass smoothly through the corresponding second clearance hole 274 on the hollow box 27, the orthographic projection area of ​​the second clearance hole 274 in the xy plane needs to be slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of ​​the corresponding polarity terminal 111 electrical connection part in the xy plane, and in the z direction, it is necessary to ensure that the corresponding polarity terminal 111 electrical connection part can pass smoothly through the corresponding second clearance hole 274.

[0129] Typically, the shape of the second clearance hole 274 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 111. If the second clearance hole 274 is a circular hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 111 is circular, then the diameter of the second clearance hole 274 needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 111. If the second clearance hole 274 is a square hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 111 is square, then the area of ​​the second clearance hole 274 needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 111. Of course, the shape of the second clearance hole 274 may not be adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 111, as long as it ensures that the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 111 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second clearance hole 274 and achieve a seal between them.

[0130] When a liquid insulating heat exchange medium is used, the sealing performance of the hollow housing 27 is particularly important. To ensure the sealing performance of the hollow housing 27, from... Figure 13 As can be seen, in this embodiment, a stepped structure is provided along the circumference of each polarity terminal 111, and a sealant layer is laid on the stepped surface. When the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal 111 extends out of the corresponding second clearance hole 274 of the hollow housing 27, the area around the second clearance hole 274 of the hollow housing 27 is pressed onto the sealant layer. At the same time, the sealant layer penetrates into the gap between the second clearance hole 274 and the polarity terminal 111, thereby achieving a seal between the polarity terminal 111 and the second clearance hole 274. In some other embodiments, an O-ring 28 can also be fitted between the polarity terminal 111 and the second clearance hole 274 to achieve a seal between them.

[0131] In this embodiment, the first heat exchange device 2 is easily in contact with the outer casing 12 and the polar terminals 111 of each individual battery cell 11. If the first heat exchange device 2 is conductive, a short circuit problem will occur. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first heat exchange device 2 is preferably made of insulating material. When a non-insulating material is used, an insulating sealing ring can be added between the polar terminal 111 and the first heat exchange device 2 to overcome this problem. Alternatively, the first heat exchange device 2 can be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint or wrapping it with an insulating film. For safety, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome this problem.

[0132] In some other embodiments, a hollow box 27 with one open end made of metal can be selected. In order to ensure the insulation between the polar terminal 111 and the second clearance hole 274, an O-ring can be added between them to achieve insulation and sealing. The open end of the hollow box 27 and the outer shell 12 can be sealed and fixed by welding.

[0133] like Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, to further improve the sealing performance of the first heat exchange device 2, the hollow housing 27 can adopt the following structure: the hollow housing 27 includes a sealing top plate 271, two first side plates 273, and two second side plates 272. The first side plates 273 are parallel to the yz plane, and the second side plates 272 are parallel to the xz plane. When manufacturing the outer shell 12, the two second side plates 272 are integrally formed with the outer shell 12. When constructing the first heat exchange device 2, only the sealing top plate 271 and the first side plates 273 of the hollow housing 27 need to be fixed. In this structure, only the sealing top plate 271 needs to be insulated.

[0134] like Figure 14 As shown, during heat exchange with the first heat exchange device 2, in this embodiment, the polar terminal 111 of the individual battery 11 is provided with a structure to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polar terminal 111. For ease of description, the structure that can increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polar terminal 111 is collectively referred to as functional structure 115. When the polar terminal 111 of each individual battery 11 passes through the first heat exchange device 2, the part of the polar terminal 111 with functional structure 115 is located inside the first heat exchange device 2 and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. After constructing a large-capacity battery 1 based on such individual batteries 11, the heat exchange area between the polar terminal 111 and the insulating heat exchange medium can be increased, thereby improving the heat exchange effect between the insulating heat exchange medium and the large-capacity battery 1. The functional structure 115 on the polar terminal 111 can specifically adopt the following structure:

[0135] First, such as Figure 14 As shown, the functional structure 115 includes at least one first annular groove formed on the side of the polarity terminal 111. Multiple first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 111, and each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side of the polarity terminal 111. Without affecting the conductivity of the polarity terminal 111, the number of first annular grooves, as well as their width and depth, can be adjusted as needed. Since the first annular grooves can increase the heat exchange area of ​​this part of the polarity terminal 111, placing this part inside the cavity of the first heat exchange device 2 results in a larger heat exchange area compared to the polarity terminal 111 with a smooth side surface, thereby achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0136] Second, the functional structure 115 includes dot-shaped pits and protrusions on the side of the polar terminal 111. Based on the dot-shaped pits and protrusions, the heat exchange area of ​​this part of the polar terminal 111 can be increased. After this part is placed in the inner cavity of the first heat exchange device 2, the polar terminal 111 with dot-shaped pits and protrusions has a larger heat exchange area than the polar terminal 111 with a smooth side, thereby obtaining a better heat exchange effect.

[0137] Third, the functional structure 115 includes a through hole formed on the polarity terminal 111, which penetrates the polarity terminal 111. Under the premise of ensuring that the conductivity of the polarity terminal 111 is not affected, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is increased as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect. Under the premise of not affecting the conductivity of the polarity terminal 111, two or more through holes may also be formed.

[0138] Example 5

[0139] The large-capacity battery assembly in this embodiment is similar to the large-capacity battery assemblies in Embodiments 1 to 3, except that the structure of the first heat exchange device 2 in this embodiment is different. The first heat exchange device 2 in this embodiment is implemented through the following structure:

[0140] like Figures 15 to 18 As shown, the first heat exchange device 2 includes a connecting pipe assembly. Each individual cell 11 has a channel 112 that runs through the polar terminal 111 along the x direction. The connecting pipe assembly connects the channels 112 on the polar terminals 111 of adjacent individual cells 11 to form a heat exchange channel. At the same time, the connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polar terminals 111 of each individual cell 11.

[0141] The polarity terminal 111 here can be a terminal post of a single battery 11. When the height of the terminal post of a single battery 11 does not meet the set requirements, a terminal post adapter can be connected to the terminal post of the single battery 11, and the overall structure of the single battery 11 terminal post and the terminal post adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 111 of the single battery 11. In this embodiment, the polarity terminal 111 is a terminal post of a single battery 11, which is taller than the conventional single battery 11 terminal post.

[0142] In this embodiment, the shape of the polarity terminal 111 of each individual battery cell 11 is not limited; its cross-section can be square or circular, etc. Similarly, the cross-section of the channel 112 is not limited; typically, a channel 112 with a relatively regular structure, such as a circular or square cross-section, can be used. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel 112 should not be too large, so as not to affect the conductivity of the polarity terminal 111; nor should the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel 112 be too small, resulting in a small heat exchange area and affecting the heat exchange effect. The cross-sectional area of ​​the channel 112 can be increased as much as possible without affecting the conductivity of the polarity terminal 111, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0143] from Figure 16As can be seen, the connecting pipe assembly in this embodiment includes multiple segments of sub-connecting pipes 22; the two ends of each segment of connecting pipe 22 are respectively connected to the channel 112 of the polar terminal 111 of the adjacent single cell 11 located on the same side, forming two heat exchange channels on the top of each single cell 11. At the same time, the channels 112 of the two polar terminals 111 of one of the outermost single cells 11 in the large-capacity battery 1 are connected by the sub-connecting pipes 22, realizing the series connection of the two heat exchange channels and forming a U-shaped heat exchange channel. The free ends of the channels 112 of the two polar terminals 111 of the other outermost single cell 11 (the free ends here are the ports of the channels 112 that are not connected to the sub-connecting pipes 22) can be directly used as the two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel. The two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel are respectively used as the liquid inlet and liquid outlet.

[0144] In some other embodiments, the two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel, that is, the ports of the two heat exchange channels on one side are used as liquid inlets, and the ports of the two heat exchange channels on the other side are used as liquid outlets.

[0145] To facilitate connection with the temperature control pipeline, this embodiment also connects a transfer pipe 21 to the polar terminal 111 channel 112, which serves as the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange channel, and connects to the temperature control pipeline through the transfer pipe 21.

[0146] During assembly, the two ends of the sub-connecting tube 22 are respectively inserted into the two ports of the channel 112 of the polar terminal 111 of the adjacent single cell 11. When the sub-connecting tube 22 is made of a rigid material, the channels 112 on the polar terminals 111 of the adjacent single cell 11 must be coaxial to achieve an effective connection. However, in some cases, due to the existence of processing errors, it is difficult to guarantee the coaxiality of the channels 112 on the polar terminals 111 of the adjacent single cell 11. Therefore, in this embodiment, the non-connecting part of the sub-connecting tube 22 (the non-connecting part here is the part of the sub-connecting tube 22 that is not connected to the port of the channel 112, which can also be understood as the middle section of the sub-connecting tube 22) preferably has a certain degree of flexibility. Based on the deformation of the sub-connecting tube 22, the above-mentioned processing errors are overcome, which facilitates the sealed connection between the sub-connecting tube 22 and the corresponding channel 112 port.

[0147] like Figure 17 As shown, to make the connection between the polarity terminal 111 of each individual battery cell 11 and the sub-connecting tube 22 more reliable, a fixing part 113 can be provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal 111. The fixing part 113 can specifically adopt the following structure:

[0148] First, the fixing part 113 is an annular boss integrally formed on the side wall of the polar terminal 111 and protruding from the side wall of the polar terminal 111, and the channel 112 passes through the annular boss.

[0149] a. such as Figure 17As shown, the annular boss includes a first annular boss. The circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe 22. That is, the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss is the same as or slightly smaller than the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe 22.

[0150] During connection, the sub-connecting tube 22 is fitted onto the outer wall of the first annular boss to realize the connection of the channel 112 between each individual battery 11. Specifically, the sub-connecting tube 22 can be fitted onto the first annular boss by interference fit. The fixing part 113 of this structure can increase the heat exchange area through which the insulating heat exchange medium passes, and at the same time, it is also convenient to connect with the sub-connecting tube 22 quickly and reliably.

[0151] b. The annular boss includes a second annular boss. The circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the second annular boss is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the sub-connecting pipe 22. That is, the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the second annular boss is consistent with the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the sub-connecting pipe 22, or slightly smaller than the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the sub-connecting pipe 22.

[0152] During connection, the sub-connecting tube 22 is embedded in the inner wall of the second annular boss to realize the connection of the channel 112 between each individual battery 11. Specifically, the sub-connecting tube 22 can be inserted into the second annular boss through interference fit.

[0153] c. The annular boss includes a first annular boss and a second annular boss. The outer circumferential dimension of the first annular boss is adapted to the inner circumferential dimension of the sub-connecting pipe 22, and the inner circumferential dimension of the second annular boss is adapted to the outer circumferential dimension of the sub-connecting pipe 22.

[0154] During connection, the sub-connecting tube 22 is engaged in the annular groove between the first annular boss and the second annular boss. At this time, the inner wall of the sub-connecting tube 22 contacts the outer wall of the first annular boss, and the outer wall of the sub-connecting tube 22 contacts the inner wall of the second annular boss. The fixing part 113 of this structure can fix the inner and outer wall surfaces of the sub-connecting tube 22 at the same time, improving the stability of the connection between the sub-connecting tube 22 and the polar terminal 111. At the same time, the fixing part 113 of this structure forms multiple sealing contact surfaces between the sub-connecting tube 22 and the fixing part 113, further improving the sealing and reliability of the connection.

[0155] Second, the fixing part 113 is a third annular groove provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal 111;

[0156] The shape of the third annular groove is similar to that of the sub-connecting pipe 22, and the width of the third annular groove is the same as or slightly smaller than the wall thickness of the sub-connecting pipe 22; specifically, the width of the third annular groove refers to its radial dimension. During connection, the end of the sub-connecting pipe 22 is embedded in the third annular groove. Compared to the structure of the fixing part 113 as an annular boss, this type of fixing part 113 can be processed on the existing polarity terminal 111, reducing the manufacturing cost of the polarity terminal 111.

[0157] Furthermore, since an insulating heat exchange medium flows within the heat exchange channel, the overall sealing performance of the heat exchange channel is particularly important. To ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange channel, in this embodiment, the sub-connecting pipe 22 and the fixing part 113 of the corresponding polarity terminal 111 are sealed together by an interference fit. In other embodiments, a sealing ring can be added between the two to further improve the sealing performance of the connection. When a metal sub-connecting pipe 22 is used, the connection and sealing between the polarity terminal 111 and the sub-connecting pipe 22 can also be achieved by welding. However, in this case, attention must be paid to the insulation between the polarity terminal 111 and the sub-connecting pipe 22.

[0158] To further optimize the heat exchange effect, a functional structure 115 can be provided on the polarity terminal 111. The functional structure 115 includes heat-conducting ribs 114, dotted recesses, and protrusions disposed on the inner wall of the channel 112. The heat-conducting ribs 114, dotted recesses, and protrusions can increase the contact area between the insulating heat exchange medium and the polarity terminal 111, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange effect. Figure 17 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple heat-conducting ribs 114 are arranged within the channel 112. These ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially along the channel 112, and each rib extends axially along the channel 112. The heat-conducting ribs 114 increase the contact area between the insulating heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 111, thus increasing the heat exchange area and effectively improving the heat exchange effect. In other embodiments, the number and arrangement of the heat-conducting ribs 114 can be adjusted according to the size of the channel 112, without affecting the flow of the insulating heat exchange medium.

[0159] It should be noted that:

[0160] 1. Since the polar terminal 111 of this utility model is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium, an ideal insulating heat exchange medium should possess characteristics such as good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardancy, low cost, suitable operating temperature, long service life, and non-corrosiveness. In this utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be, but is not limited to, insulating oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0161] 2. Since the above-mentioned connecting tube assembly is in direct contact with the polarity terminal 111, the connecting tube 22 must be insulated from the two polarity terminals 111 it is connected to. Insulation can usually be achieved in the following ways:

[0162] 2.1 Select a sub-connecting pipe 22 made of insulating material;

[0163] 2.2 Using a non-insulating sub-connecting pipe 22, the pipe wall of the sub-connecting pipe 22 can be insulated, such as by spraying insulating paint or wrapping with insulating film; the inner wall connecting the channel 112 and the sub-connecting pipe 22 can also be insulated, such as by spraying insulating paint; an insulating sleeve can also be added between the sub-connecting pipe 22 and the channel 112; of course, for safety, multiple insulation methods can be used in combination with the above methods to achieve insulation between the sub-connecting pipe 22 of the channel 112 and the polarity terminal 111.

[0164] 2.3 If the adapter pipe 21 is made of metal, insulation between the adapter pipe 21 and the polarity terminal 111 must be achieved. Specifically, insulation treatment can be achieved by using a method similar to that used with the sub-connecting pipe 22.

[0165] Example 6

[0166] like Figures 19 to 22 As shown, the large-capacity battery module in this embodiment is similar to the large-capacity battery modules in Embodiments 1 to 3, except that the structure of the first heat exchange device 2 in this embodiment is different. The first heat exchange device 2 in this embodiment is implemented through the following structure:

[0167] The first heat exchange device 2 includes at least one heat exchange plate 24. The heat exchange plate 24 has a first channel 25 extending in the x direction and at least one set of second channels 26 arranged in the x direction. The first channel 25 in the heat exchange plate 24 serves as a heat exchange channel, and each second channel 26 is connected to the first channel 25 in the z direction. The polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 pass through the second channels 26 in the z direction and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. Part of the structure of the polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 is located in the heat exchange channel and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. The sidewalls of the polar terminals 111 of each individual battery 11 are sealed with the heat exchange plate 24.

[0168] The first heat exchange device 2 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0169] a. such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the first heat exchange device 2 includes two heat exchange plates 24 arranged along the y direction, each heat exchange plate 24 corresponding to the polarity terminal 111 on the same side of all the individual cells 11 in the large-capacity battery 1.

[0170] Each heat exchange plate 24 is provided with a first channel 25 and a set of second channels 26 arranged along the x direction. The number of second channels 26 is the same as the number of individual cells 11. The first channel 25 is continuous along the x direction. The second channel 26 is continuous along the z direction and connected to the first channel 25. The polar terminals 111 of all individual cells 11 on one side pass through the second channel 26 on one heat exchange plate 24 and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. The polar terminals 111 of all individual cells 11 on the other side pass through the second channel 26 on another heat exchange plate 24 and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. At the same time, the two ports of each second channel 26 are sealed with the polar terminals 111.

[0171] Two heat exchange plates 24 are respectively mounted on the polarity terminals 111 on different sides of the large-capacity battery 1, and the two heat exchange plates 24 can be connected in series. In some other embodiments, the two heat exchange plates 24 can also be connected in parallel.

[0172] b, such as Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, the first heat exchange device 2 includes a heat exchange plate 24, which has a first channel 25 and two sets of second channels 26 arranged along the x-direction. The first channel 25 is continuous along the x-direction. The number of second channels 26 is twice the number of individual cells 11. Each second channel 26 is along the z-direction and is connected to the first channel 25. The polar terminals 111 of all individual cells 11 in the large-capacity battery 1 pass through the second channels 26 on the heat exchange plate 24 and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. At the same time, the two ports of the second channel 26 are sealed with the polar terminals 111.

[0173] This invention does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange plate 24. Since the heat exchange plate 24 in this embodiment is placed on a planar top plate structure, considering the structural regularity, it can be seen from the figure that the heat exchange plate 24 in this embodiment is a rectangular plate. In other embodiments, heat exchange plates 24 with other structural forms may also be used.

[0174] The first channel 25 mentioned above is the channel 112 opened in the length direction of the heat exchange plate 24. In this utility model, after the heat exchange plate 24 is fixed to the top of the outer shell 12, the length direction of the heat exchange plate 24 is consistent with the length of the outer shell 12. Therefore, it can be considered that the first channel 25 extends in the x direction, and the two ends of the first channel 25 serve as the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange plate 24.

[0175] The aforementioned second channel 26 is a channel 112 that passes through the heat exchange plate 24 and connects with the first channel 25. In this utility model, the extension direction of the second channel 26 is consistent with the height direction of the single cell 11.

[0176] In addition, each set of second channels 26 needs to correspond one-to-one with the polar terminals 111 of multiple individual cells 11 located on the same side; in the z direction (the height direction of the individual cell 11), the size of the second channel 26 is smaller than the size of the corresponding polar terminal 111, ensuring that the top of the polar terminal 111 extends out of the second channel 26 as an electrical connection part.

[0177] In this embodiment, the port shape of the second channel 26 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 111. The port shape of the second channel 26 is circular, and the cross-section of the polar terminal 111 is also circular. The diameter of the two ports of the second channel 26 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polar terminal 111. In other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the second channel 26 and the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 111 may be different, as long as it is ensured that the polar terminal 111 can be inserted into the second channel 26 and can achieve a seal.

[0178] After the first heat exchange device 2 is installed on the top of the outer casing 12, the two ports of the first heat exchange device 2 serve as the liquid inlet and liquid outlet respectively. In order to facilitate connection with the temperature control pipeline, this embodiment also connects the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the first heat exchange device 2 with the adapter pipe 21, and connects to the temperature control pipeline through the adapter pipe 21.

[0179] Since the heat exchange plate 24 contains an insulating heat exchange medium, its sealing performance is particularly important. To ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange plate 24, this embodiment provides two second annular grooves extending circumferentially on each polarity terminal 111. The two second annular grooves are arranged along the z-direction, and O-rings 28 are embedded in the two second annular grooves. The two O-rings 28 are pressed against the two ports of the second channel 26 respectively, which not only achieves sealing but also improves the stability of the heat exchange plate 24.

[0180] It should be noted that when the heat exchange plate 24 is in contact with the outer casing 12 and the polarity terminals 111 of the multiple individual batteries 11, in order to avoid short circuits, the following methods can be used to achieve insulation between the heat exchange plate 24 and the polarity terminals 111:

[0181] 1. By selecting an insulating heat exchange plate 24, insulation can be achieved between the heat exchange plate 24 and the outer shell 12 and the polarity terminal 111, and insulation can also be achieved between the heat exchange plate 24 and the top of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0182] 2. Use a non-insulating heat exchange plate 24 and add an insulating ring between the polarity terminal 111 and the heat exchange plate 24; insulate the side wall of the heat exchange plate 24, such as by spraying insulating paint or wrapping with insulating film; for safety, multiple insulation methods can be used in combination with the above methods to overcome this problem.

[0183] In this embodiment, insulation between the heat exchange plate 24 and the top of the outer casing 12 and the polarity terminal 111 is achieved by using an insulating heat exchange plate 24.

[0184] To further improve the stability of the heat exchange plate 24 after installation, an L-shaped connecting rib can be added between the heat exchange plate 24 and the outer shell 12 in this embodiment. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected to the heat exchange plate 24, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected to the outer shell 12. The specific connection method can be selected according to the material of the heat exchange plate 24. For example, in this embodiment, the heat exchange plate 24 is made of insulating material, so the L-shaped connecting rib can be fixedly connected to the heat exchange plate 24 and the outer shell 12 by screws; when the heat exchange plate 24 is made of metal, the L-shaped connecting rib can be fixedly connected to the heat exchange plate 24 and the outer shell 12 by welding.

Claims

1. A high-capacity battery assembly, characterized in that, It includes a large-capacity battery, a first heat exchange device, and a second heat exchange device. The high-capacity battery includes a casing and multiple individual cells arranged in the same direction within the casing; the casing has a shared chamber, the inner cavity of which is connected to the inner cavities of all individual cells; a first clearance hole is provided on the top plate of the casing corresponding to the polarity terminal of each individual cell; the polarity terminals of each individual cell extend out of the first clearance hole and are connected in parallel, and the area of ​​the top plate of the casing corresponding to the first clearance hole is fixedly sealed to the individual cell casing. The first heat exchange device is located on the top of the outer shell. The first heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which the insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polarity terminals of each individual battery cell to exchange heat. The second heat exchange device is located at at least one location on the bottom of the outer casing and on the side wall of the outer casing, and is used to exchange heat with the casing of the high-capacity battery.

2. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat exchange device is a hollow box with one open end. The open end of the hollow box is sealed and fixed to the top plate of the outer shell, and the cavity formed by the hollow box and the top plate of the outer shell serves as a heat exchange channel. The hollow box is provided with a second clearance hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each individual battery. The polarity terminal of each individual battery extends out of the corresponding second clearance hole, and the polarity terminal and the second clearance hole are sealed.

3. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat exchange device includes a connecting pipe assembly. Each individual cell has a channel that passes through the polar terminal. The connecting pipe assembly connects the channels on the polar terminals of adjacent individual cells to form a heat exchange channel. The connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polar terminals of each individual cell.

4. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each individual battery cell has a functional structure that increases the heat exchange area at the part where the polar terminal contacts the insulating heat exchange medium.

5. The high-capacity battery assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each individual battery cell; the gas shared chamber is connected to the gas area of ​​each individual battery cell, or the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer casing and each individual battery cell, the gas channel covering the explosion relief membrane of each individual battery cell, when the explosion relief membrane of any individual battery cell is ruptured by the thermal runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the gas area of ​​that individual battery cell and the gas channel are connected.

6. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second heat exchange device includes a liquid cooling plate located at the bottom of the outer casing, which shares a chamber with the electrolyte inside the outer casing for heat exchange.

7. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second heat exchange device includes a liquid cooling plate disposed on the side wall of the outer shell. The liquid inlet port and the liquid outlet port of the liquid cooling plate are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid inlet port is located below the liquid outlet port.

8. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected in series.

9. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer casing is provided with an explosion venting mechanism, and at least one of the electrolyte sharing chamber and the gas sharing chamber is connected to the explosion venting mechanism.

10. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, An insulating sealant layer is provided on the top of the outer casing. The main body of the first heat exchange device is located on the insulating sealant layer. The adapter pipe connected to the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the first heat exchange device extends out of the insulating sealant layer. An insulating protective cover is provided on the top of the outer casing. The polarity terminals of each individual battery and the first heat exchange device are located inside the insulating protective cover.

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