Single battery and high-capacity battery

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, particularly relates to a single battery and a high-capacity battery, and overcomes the technical problems of higher cost and larger weight of the existing high-capacity battery. The single battery comprises a shell, and the shell is formed by enclosing an upper cover plate, a barrel and a lower cover plate; wherein the upper cover plate, the cylinder body and the lower cover plate are all made of plastic materials, the strength of the upper cover plate, the strength of the cylinder body and the strength of the lower cover plate are all P, and P is larger than or equal to P1 and smaller than or equal to P2; wherein P1 is the strength requirement of the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery on the shell; p2 is the strength requirement on the shell in the thermal runaway stage; at least one of the upper cover plate, the barrel and the lower cover plate is provided with a sub-pipe section, and the sub-pipe section is used for communicating the inner cavity with the inner cavity of the shell. The high-capacity battery comprises a pressure-bearing shell and single batteries arranged in the pressure-bearing shell, and corresponding sub-pipe sections in the adjacent single batteries are hermetically connected to form a shared pipeline; the single battery disclosed by the utility model is low in cost and light in weight, and the pressure-bearing shell meets the strength requirement on the shell in a thermal runaway stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of batteries, specifically a single cell battery and a high-capacity battery. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent CN219658914U discloses a high-capacity battery, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the battery includes a large-capacity battery body formed by several individual cells connected in parallel and an electrolyte sharing pipeline located at the bottom of the large-capacity battery body. The electrolyte sharing pipeline is used to completely connect the internal cavities of the individual cells, so that all individual cells in the large-capacity battery are under a single electrolyte system. This large-capacity battery, through the electrolyte sharing pipeline, can enhance the uniformity of the electrolyte in each individual cell, improve cycle life, and also replenish the electrolyte for the large-capacity battery, extending its service life and improving its safety during use.

[0003] The single battery in the above patent includes a casing, a sealing assembly, and a finished battery cell. The finished battery cell is installed inside the casing, and the casing of the finished battery cell has an opening. The casing is provided with a first through hole communicating with the opening, and a pipe 01 extending along the width or length direction of the casing. The side wall of the pipe is provided with a second through hole communicating with the first through hole. The sealing assembly is provided on the opening, the first through hole, or the second through hole.

[0004] By setting a first through hole and a pipe with a second through hole on the casing of a single cell, an electrolyte sharing pipeline 02 can be formed through the pipe when assembling a large-capacity battery; moreover, by adding a casing to the finished cell, the existing finished cell production line can be used to put the finished cell into production with slight modifications.

[0005] However, this design has some drawbacks. Typically, both the finished cell casing and the outer casing are made of aluminum, which makes the overall cost of large-capacity batteries higher and their weight heavier.

[0006] From a cost perspective, aluminum is a relatively expensive metal. Furthermore, the manufacturing process for aluminum casings is complex, requiring multiple steps such as cutting, stamping, and welding, and demanding advanced equipment and techniques. These factors combined inevitably lead to a significant increase in the manufacturing cost of large-capacity batteries.

[0007] From a weight perspective, the stacking of two aluminum components significantly increases the overall weight of a large-capacity battery. This is extremely disadvantageous for the use, storage, and transportation of large-capacity batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-cell battery and a large-capacity battery, overcoming the technical difficulties of high cost and heavy weight of existing large-capacity batteries.

[0009] The concept of this utility model is:

[0010] This utility model mainly addresses the above-mentioned technical challenges from two aspects: the structure of the individual battery cell itself and the packaging structure of the individual battery cell.

[0011] Firstly, starting from the structure of the individual battery itself, reduce the cost and weight of large-capacity batteries;

[0012] Given that plastic materials have a lower density than aluminum materials and are relatively cheaper, this invention aims to replace the finished battery cells in the prior art with single-cell batteries using plastic casings.

[0013] Compared to traditional aluminum casings, plastic casings are significantly lighter. Furthermore, plastic materials are less expensive, and the manufacturing process is relatively simple, requiring no complex equipment or technology. This effectively reduces manufacturing costs, increases production efficiency, and provides a cost advantage in large-scale production.

[0014] However, traditional plastic-cased single-cell batteries also have certain problems:

[0015] Firstly, plastic casings have relatively low mechanical strength. To improve the casing's protection during thermal runaway, the pressure resistance of traditional plastic-cased individual batteries is typically increased by optimizing the plastic material or thickening the casing. However, optimizing the plastic material increases the cost of the casing. Thicker plastic casings have poor thermal conductivity, hindering heat dissipation during charging and discharging, which can lead to increased internal battery temperature, accelerated battery aging, and reduced battery life and performance. Heat dissipation issues may become even more pronounced under high-power charging and discharging or prolonged use.

[0016] Secondly, a thicker plastic casing increases the size of the battery, while reducing the space inside the battery available for energy storage, thus lowering the battery's energy density.

[0017] Due to the aforementioned problems, plastic-cased batteries have limited practicality.

[0018] However, unlike traditional single-cell batteries with plastic casings, the single-cell battery of this invention is merely an intermediate product. It does not require the plastic casing to have high strength during the thermal runaway stage. It only needs to meet the strength requirements of the casing during the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery. The requirements for the plastic material are low, so there is no need to optimize the plastic material or make it thicker.

[0019] Specifically, this utility model can use a plastic shell with a smaller thickness. In other words, the thickness of the plastic shell of the single battery in this utility model is less than the thickness of the single battery shell of a traditional plastic shell.

[0020] Reducing the casing thickness can further reduce the volume of a single battery cell, allowing more active material to be accommodated in a battery of the same size, thus increasing the energy density of the battery and consequently improving the energy density of large-capacity batteries.

[0021] Meanwhile, the thinner plastic casing has relatively good thermal conductivity, which helps dissipate the heat generated by the battery during charging and discharging more quickly to the external environment. This helps reduce the internal temperature of the battery and minimizes battery aging and performance degradation caused by high temperatures.

[0022] Furthermore, reducing the thickness of the plastic casing means using less plastic material, which helps save on material costs and provides an economic advantage for large-scale production and application.

[0023] Secondly, starting from the packaging structure of individual cells, we can reduce the weight and cost of large-capacity batteries.

[0024] This invention proposes placing multiple individual battery cells with thin plastic casings within a single pressure-bearing casing, which can simultaneously protect multiple individual battery cells. Compared to the prior art structure where each individual battery cell is individually encased, this reduces individual packaging and protection costs, resulting in lower overall cost. Furthermore, given the same number of individual battery cells, the weight of a single pressure-bearing casing is necessarily less than the weight of multiple smaller casings; therefore, the design of the pressure-bearing casing can further reduce the weight of large-capacity batteries.

[0025] Based on the above analysis, the first aspect of this utility model provides a single-cell battery, which is characterized in that it includes a casing, the casing being formed by an upper cover plate, a cylindrical body, and a lower cover plate; wherein the upper cover plate, the cylindrical body, and the lower cover plate are all made of plastic, and the strength of the casing is P, P1≤P≤P2; wherein P1 is the strength requirement of the casing during the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery; P2 is the strength requirement of the casing during the thermal runaway stage;

[0026] At least one of the upper cover plate, the cylinder and the lower cover plate is provided with a sub-pipe section, which is used for communication between the inner cavity and the inner cavity of the shell.

[0027] The single battery provided by this utility model can be considered as an intermediate transitional product. Its casing is made of plastic, and its strength only needs to meet the strength requirements of the single battery casing during the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery. Compared with the traditional single battery casing with plastic casing, its strength is lower.

[0028] Because it is made of plastic, the single battery provided by this invention has the advantages of low cost and light weight compared with the finished battery cells used in the prior art.

[0029] Furthermore, the thickness of the casing is h, which is less than h0, where h0 is the casing thickness of a traditional single-cell battery with a plastic casing.

[0030] The single-cell battery provided by this invention is thinner than traditional single-cell batteries with plastic casings, thereby reducing the volume of the single-cell battery and increasing its energy density. Simultaneously, the thinner plastic casing has relatively better thermal conductivity, which helps dissipate heat generated during charging and discharging more quickly to the external environment. Furthermore, reducing the thickness of the plastic casing means using less plastic material, helping to save material costs and providing an economic advantage for large-scale production and application.

[0031] Furthermore, the sub-pipe section is integrally mounted on the lower cover plate; the lower cover plate and the sub-pipe section have a first opening that is interconnected; both ends of the sub-pipe section are closed ends.

[0032] This invention uses a plastic lower cover plate and sub-tube segments, which can be integrally molded through injection molding, reducing the complexity of the manufacturing process and simplifying the process. In addition, the ends of the sub-tube segments can be sealed and connected to the corresponding sub-tube segments of another single battery cell through heat fusion to form an electrolyte sharing pipeline. The connection process is simple and has low precision requirements. Even with a certain degree of dimensional deviation, a good sealing connection can be achieved through heat fusion, reducing the precision control cost in the production process. At the same time, compared with traditional connection methods, heat fusion connection has higher strength and can withstand greater external forces and internal pressures, ensuring the structural stability of the shared pipeline during use.

[0033] In addition, both ends of the sub-tube section are closed ends. Before the individual cells are unpacked, the closed ends can ensure that the inside of the individual cells is not affected by the external environment.

[0034] Furthermore, the two ends of the sub-tube segment are defined as the first closed end and the second closed end, respectively; a first connecting tube is provided on the end face of the first closed end, and a first blind hole extending axially along the first sub-tube segment is opened at the second closed end; the first blind hole is used for the insertion of the first connecting tube on the lower cover plate of another single cell, and the connection is made by heat fusion.

[0035] Before the individual cells are unpacked, the first and second sealed ends ensure that the interior of the individual cells is not affected by the external environment. When a large-capacity battery is constructed based on such individual cells, in adjacent individual cells, the first connecting tube of one individual cell is inserted into the first blind hole of another individual cell and connected by heat fusion sealing to form an electrolyte sharing pipeline on the large-capacity battery. By inserting the unpacking tool into the sharing pipeline and opening the sealed ends of each first sub-tube segment, the inner cavities of all individual cells can be connected through the electrolyte sharing pipeline.

[0036] A first connecting tube is provided on the end face of one closed end, and a first blind hole extending axially along the sub-tube segment is opened at the other closed end. This design provides a precise interface for the connection between two individual cells. The cooperation between the first connecting tube and the first blind hole enables a fast and accurate connection, improving the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0037] Furthermore, the outer wall cross-section of the sub-tube segment is rectangular, while the outer wall cross-section of the first connecting tube is circular. Designing the outer wall cross-section of the sub-tube segment as rectangular provides a larger contact area on the plane compared to a circular cross-section, ensuring stable placement of this type of single-cell battery during use, transportation, or storage. Designing the outer wall cross-section of the first connecting tube as circular makes it easier to insert the connecting tube into the first blind hole, reducing resistance and friction during connection and improving connection smoothness. In addition, the circular cross-section of the first connecting tube also provides relatively better sealing performance, making it easier to achieve a tight fit with the first blind hole and prevent leakage.

[0038] Furthermore, there are two sub-pipe sections, each extending along the width of the lower cover plate, and the two sub-pipe sections are arranged along the length of the lower cover plate.

[0039] Corresponding to the two sub-tube segments, when the closed end of one sub-tube segment cannot be opened, the closed end of the other sub-tube segment can be opened to connect the inner cavity of the single cell and the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing pipeline, thereby improving the sharing success rate. In addition, when the closed ends of both sub-tube segments are opened, compared to the structure that shares only one sub-tube segment, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell can be fully mixed with the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing pipeline, resulting in a better sharing effect.

[0040] Meanwhile, the two sub-tube segments allow for better stability during use, transportation, and storage of these individual batteries. Furthermore, the two sub-tube segments increase the overall strength and stability of the lower cover. These sub-tube segments act as reinforcing ribs, enabling them to withstand greater external forces and pressures, thus reducing the risk of deformation and damage to the lower cover during use.

[0041] Furthermore, the sub-pipe section is integrally installed on the upper cover plate; a second opening is opened on the upper cover plate and the sub-pipe section to communicate with each other; both ends of the sub-pipe section are closed ends.

[0042] This invention uses a plastic top cover and sub-tube segments, which can be integrally molded through injection molding, reducing the complexity of the manufacturing process and simplifying the process. In addition, the end of the sub-tube segment can be sealed to a sub-tube segment on another single battery cell through heat fusion to form a gas-sharing pipeline. The connection process is simple and has low precision requirements. Even with a certain degree of dimensional deviation, a good sealing connection can be achieved through heat fusion, reducing the precision control cost in the production process. At the same time, compared with traditional connection methods, heat fusion connection has higher strength and can withstand greater external forces and internal pressures, ensuring the structural stability of the battery during use.

[0043] Furthermore, the two closed ends of the sub-tube segment are defined as the third closed end and the fourth closed end, respectively; a second connecting tube is provided on the end face of the third closed end, and a second blind hole extending along the axial direction of the sub-tube segment is opened at the fourth closed end; the second blind hole is used for the insertion of the second connecting tube of the cover plate of another single cell, and the connection is made by heat fusion.

[0044] Before the individual cells are unpacked, the third and fourth sealed ends ensure that the interior of the individual cells is not affected by the external environment. When a large-capacity battery is constructed based on such individual cells, in adjacent individual cells, the second connecting tube of one individual cell is inserted into the second blind hole of another individual cell and connected by heat fusion sealing to form a gas sharing pipeline on the top of the large-capacity battery. By inserting the unpacking tool into the gas sharing pipeline and opening the third and fourth sealed ends of each second sub-tube, the internal cavities of all individual cells can be connected through the gas sharing pipeline.

[0045] A second connecting tube is provided on the end face of the third closed end, and a second blind hole extending axially along the second sub-tube is opened at the fourth closed end. This design provides a precise interface for the connection between the two individual cells. The cooperation between the second connecting tube and the second blind hole enables a fast and accurate connection, improving the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0046] Furthermore, at least one of the upper cover plate, the cylinder body, and the lower cover plate is provided with a venting sub-pipe section, which covers the venting part of the single battery cell, and the thermal runaway smoke breaks through the venting part and is discharged from the venting sub-pipe section.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the battery, the top cover is provided with two polar terminals; each of the two polar terminals is provided with a through groove or through hole for installing heat transfer tubes.

[0048] This invention addresses the issue of heat exchange at the battery's polarity terminals, where heat is concentrated, thereby improving the battery's heat dissipation. Specifically, this invention provides through slots or holes on the polarity terminals for mounting heat transfer pipes. After constructing a battery module based on this type of battery, the heat generated inside the battery is conducted through the heat transfer pipes on the polarity terminals to the heat transfer pipes, which then dissipate the heat, thus achieving heat dissipation for the battery.

[0049] As a crucial component connecting the battery's internal structure to the external environment, the polarity terminals allow current to flow in and out of the battery during charging and discharging. When heat is generated inside the battery, the polarity terminals provide a relatively direct heat conduction path. Heat can be rapidly conducted from inside the battery to the polarity terminals, and then dissipated into the external environment from there.

[0050] Furthermore, since the polarity terminals are typically located at the positive and negative terminals of the battery, these areas are often where heat is concentrated during charging and discharging. By dissipating heat from the polarity terminals, the temperature of these critical components can be reduced more effectively.

[0051] The design of through slots or holes allows for a larger contact area between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal. Compared to planar contact, this embedded contact method enables more efficient heat transfer between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal, improving heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the shape of the through slots or holes provides a certain degree of locking and fixing for the heat transfer tube, preventing displacement or loosening during use. Especially in vibrating or shaking operating environments, this fixing method ensures that the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal maintain good contact at all times, guaranteeing the stability of heat exchange.

[0052] The second aspect of this utility model provides a high-capacity battery, characterized in that: it includes a pressure-bearing shell and n individual cells arranged within the pressure-bearing shell, where n is an integer greater than 1; corresponding sub-tube segments in adjacent individual cells are sealed and connected to form a shared pipeline; the pressure-bearing shell is provided with a vent that communicates with the shared pipeline; the strength of the pressure-bearing shell meets the strength requirements of the shell during the thermal runaway stage.

[0053] This invention places multiple individual battery cells within a single pressure-bearing casing, the strength of which must meet the strength requirements of the casing during thermal runaway; that is, the pressure-bearing casing must possess good strength to simultaneously protect multiple individual battery cells. In the extreme case of thermal runaway of a single battery cell and melting of the plastic casing, the pressure-bearing casing can form a robust thermal barrier, effectively isolating high-temperature flames and harmful gases, and preventing the spread of thermal runaway. Compared with the prior art structure that individually encases each battery cell, this reduces individual packaging and protection costs, resulting in lower overall costs. Furthermore, given the same number of battery cells and the same material and thickness of the pressure-bearing casing as the individual battery casings in the prior art, the weight of a single pressure-bearing casing will inevitably be less than the weight of multiple smaller casings. Therefore, the design of the pressure-bearing casing can further reduce the weight of large-capacity batteries.

[0054] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing shell is made of iron, steel, or stainless steel.

[0055] Metal shells offer advantages in terms of strength and cost, making them a viable option in scenarios where cost is a primary concern and strength requirements are not particularly stringent.

[0056] The steel casing has relatively high strength, providing more reliable protection for the battery and making it suitable for applications with high requirements for safety and structural strength.

[0057] Stainless steel casings not only possess excellent strength properties but also outstanding corrosion resistance, making them perform exceptionally well in battery applications that may face humid or corrosive environments. This effectively extends battery life and ensures stable battery operation in complex environments.

[0058] Furthermore, the corresponding explosion-venting sub-tubes in adjacent individual cells are sealed together to form an explosion-venting manifold, through which thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion-venting section and is discharged.

[0059] Furthermore, the aforementioned high-capacity battery also includes at least one liquid storage chamber, with a third sub-tube section provided on the bottom plate and / or top plate of the liquid storage chamber; the third sub-tube section is sealed to the sub-tube section on the adjacent single cell.

[0060] This invention integrates a electrolyte storage chamber into a large-capacity battery. The electrolyte is stored in the storage chamber. As the large-capacity battery is used, the electrolyte may decrease due to evaporation, consumption, or other reasons. The electrolyte stored in the storage chamber can be replenished to the large-capacity battery in a timely manner through a shared pipeline to maintain the amount of electrolyte inside the large-capacity battery and ensure the stable performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0061] Furthermore, the aforementioned high-capacity battery also includes heat transfer tubes, which are fixed in the slots or holes of each individual cell.

[0062] This invention improves battery heat dissipation by exchanging heat at the battery's polarity terminals, where heat tends to concentrate. The polarity terminals are a crucial connection between the battery's internal and external components; current flows through them during charging and discharging. When heat is generated inside the battery, the polarity terminals provide a direct heat conduction path. Specifically, this invention incorporates slots or holes on the polarity terminals for mounting heat transfer tubes. These tubes conduct heat generated inside the battery to the heat transfer tubes, which then dissipate the heat, thus achieving battery heat dissipation.

[0063] Furthermore, insulating sealant layers are provided between each individual cell and between each individual cell and the pressure-bearing casing; the heat transfer tube is located inside the insulating sealant layer, which can prevent condensation and improve the stability of the individual cells within the pressure-bearing casing.

[0064] Furthermore, the top plate of the pressure-bearing housing has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual battery; the polarity terminals of each individual battery extend out of the clearance holes; the area of ​​the top plate of the pressure-bearing housing corresponding to the clearance holes is fixedly sealed to the individual battery housing.

[0065] Furthermore, an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the pressure shell, and the heat transfer tubes are located within the insulating sealant layer.

[0066] Furthermore, an impermeable membrane is installed between the individual battery cells and the pressure-bearing casing to prevent the electrolyte inside the individual battery cells from seeping out. This impermeable membrane plays a crucial protective role, firmly locking in the electrolyte. In this way, not only is battery performance degradation that may be caused by electrolyte leakage avoided, but it also prevents electrolyte from corroding the pressure-bearing casing, effectively ensuring the safety and stability of the entire battery, extending battery life, and ensuring stable operation under various working conditions.

[0067] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0068] 1. As an intermediate transitional product, the single cell of this utility model can reduce the strength of the plastic shell while meeting the requirements for shell strength during the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery. This results in lower requirements for the plastic shell, thus enabling it to have lower cost and lighter weight.

[0069] Meanwhile, to improve the safety performance of the large-capacity battery constructed from the aforementioned individual cells, this invention places multiple individual cells within a pressure-bearing casing. In extreme cases where a single cell experiences thermal runaway and the plastic casing melts, this pressure-bearing casing forms a robust thermal barrier, effectively isolating high-temperature flames and harmful gases, and preventing the spread of thermal runaway. Furthermore, protecting multiple individual cells with a pressure-bearing casing reduces external impacts and damage during transportation and use, extending battery life. Compared to the prior art structure where each individual cell is individually encased, this reduces individual packaging and protection costs, resulting in lower overall cost. Moreover, with the same number of individual cells, the weight of a single pressure-bearing casing is necessarily less than the weight of multiple smaller casings; therefore, the design of the pressure-bearing casing further reduces the weight of the large-capacity battery.

[0070] The above analysis shows that the high-capacity battery of this invention has advantages over high-capacity batteries in the prior art, such as low cost, light weight, and ease of processing.

[0071] 2. This utility model reduces the volume of a single battery by thinning the plastic casing of a traditional single battery. This allows more active material to be accommodated in a battery of the same size, increasing the energy density of the battery and thus improving the energy density of a large-capacity battery.

[0072] Meanwhile, the thinner plastic casing has relatively good thermal conductivity, which helps dissipate the heat generated by the battery during charging and discharging more quickly to the external environment. This helps reduce the internal temperature of the battery and minimizes battery aging and performance degradation caused by high temperatures.

[0073] In addition, reducing the thickness of the plastic casing means using less plastic material, which helps save material costs and provides an economic advantage for large-scale production and application. Attached Figure Description

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 1;

[0076] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a single cell in Example 1;

[0077] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another single-cell battery in Example 1;

[0078] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lower cover plate in Embodiment 1;

[0079] Figure 6 This is a first-view sectional view of a lower cover plate in Embodiment 1;

[0080] Figure 7 This is a second-view sectional view of a lower cover plate in Embodiment 1;

[0081] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 2;

[0082] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper cover plate in Example 2;

[0083] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper cover plate in Example 2;

[0084] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0085] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0086] Figure 13 This is a partial structural diagram of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0087] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the heat transfer tube for the large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0088] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0089] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0090] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0091] 01. Pipeline; 02. Shared electrolyte pipeline; 03. Shared gas pipeline;

[0092] 1. First sub-tube section; 11. First closed end; 12. First connecting pipe; 13. Second closed end; 14. First blind hole; 2. First opening; 3. Cylinder body; 4. Lower cover plate; 41. Upper cover plate; 42. Polar terminal; 43. Second sub-tube section; 44. Second opening; 45. Third closed end; 46. Fourth closed end; 47. Second connecting pipe; 48. Second blind hole; 5. Single cell; 6. Liquid storage tank; 61. Third sub-tube section; 7. Pressure-bearing shell; 71. Explosion vent; 72. Top plate of pressure-bearing shell; 73. Clearance hole; 8. Heat transfer tube; 81. Liquid inlet end of heat transfer tube; 82. Liquid outlet end of heat transfer tube; 9. Through groove. Detailed Implementation

[0093] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0094] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0095] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0096] Example 1

[0097] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the single cell 5 in this embodiment, including a housing and an electrode assembly located inside the housing.

[0098] The casing serves as a containment cavity for the electrode assembly and electrolyte, providing a sealed space for these components. Simultaneously, the casing needs to meet certain strength requirements. In this embodiment, the casing strength is not required to meet the strength requirements during the thermal runaway phase; it only needs to meet the strength requirements during the formation phase and normal charge / discharge processes. During the formation and normal charge / discharge phases, the battery undergoes a series of chemical reactions and physical changes. During this process, certain pressures and heat are generated inside the battery. The casing needs sufficient strength to withstand these pressures and heat to ensure the smooth progress of the formation process and the normal operation of the battery.

[0099] We can assume that the strength of the casing is P, P1≤P≤P2; where P1 is the strength requirement of the casing during the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery; and P2 is the strength requirement of the casing during the thermal runaway stage.

[0100] To meet the aforementioned strength requirements, and in order to reduce cost and battery weight, this embodiment uses a plastic casing. For example... Figure 3 The diagram shown is an exploded view of the casing of the single battery 5 in this embodiment. It is composed of a cylindrical body 3, an upper cover plate 41, and a lower cover plate 4. All three components, including the cylindrical body 3, the upper cover plate 41, and the lower cover plate 4, are made of plastic.

[0101] In this embodiment, the thickness of the casing (cylinder 3, upper cover plate 41, and lower cover plate 4) is h, where h is less than h0, and h0 is the thickness of a traditional single-cell battery plastic casing; the thickness of a traditional single-cell battery plastic casing is typically 5-8 mm. In this embodiment, the casing thickness can be between 1-4 mm. By reducing the casing thickness of a traditional single-cell battery with a plastic casing, better heat dissipation can be achieved, while also increasing the battery energy density. Furthermore, reducing the thickness of the plastic casing means using less plastic material, which helps save material costs and provides an economic advantage for large-scale production and application.

[0102] The lower cover plate 4 and the cylinder body 3 can be molded in one piece using injection molding, eliminating the need for separate processing and assembly. This significantly reduces production steps and shortens the production cycle. Furthermore, the injection-molded integral part ensures uniform material distribution and tight bonding, resulting in a stronger connection between the battery lower cover plate 4 and the cylinder body 3, and higher overall structural strength. Additionally, reinforcing ribs can be integrally molded on the cylinder body 3, effectively increasing its resistance to bending, compression, and torsion.

[0103] In this embodiment, both the upper cover plate 41 and the cylindrical body 3 are made of plastic and are connected using a heat-fusion seal. The heat-fusion seal ensures a continuous, uniform, and tight connection between the upper cover plate 41 and the cylindrical body 3, exhibiting extremely high stability. Compared to other sealing methods, it does not loosen or leak over time, maintaining an excellent sealing effect at all times. External water, dust, and other impurities cannot enter the battery, effectively protecting the electrode assembly 51 and ensuring the battery's performance and lifespan. Furthermore, the heat-fusion sealing process is simple, and the parameters are easy to control.

[0104] It should be noted that the plastic material selected in this utility model should have the following properties:

[0105] First, it must have sufficient strength to ensure the stability of the battery structure;

[0106] Second, it has chemical corrosion resistance and can resist the corrosion of electrolytes;

[0107] Third, it has barrier properties, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte, gas and other substances inside the battery from leaking out, and at the same time prevent external impurities such as moisture and oxygen from entering the battery.

[0108] Fourth, it possesses excellent thermal stability. Batteries generate heat during charging and discharging, especially at high rates. This plastic material needs to maintain stable performance within a certain temperature range and will not soften, deform, or decompose due to high temperatures.

[0109] The plastic material used can be the material used in existing plastic-cased single-cell batteries, or the plastic material disclosed in Chinese patents CN106543551A and CN106977894A.

[0110] This invention features sub-tube segments on at least one of the upper cover plate 41, the cylindrical body 3, and the lower cover plate 4. The inner cavity of each sub-tube segment communicates with the inner cavity of the casing. By connecting the corresponding sub-tube segments of multiple individual batteries 5, a shared pipeline can be formed. For example, connecting the sub-tube segments located on the lower cover plate 4 forms an electrolyte shared pipeline, and connecting the sub-tube segments located on the upper cover plate 41 forms a gas shared pipeline. Connecting the sub-tube segments located on the cylindrical body 3 forms both an electrolyte and a gas shared pipeline (the electrolyte and gas regions in each individual battery 5 are connected through this pipeline).

[0111] This embodiment takes setting a sub-pipe section on the lower cover plate 4 as an example.

[0112] In this embodiment, for ease of description, the sub-pipe segment on the lower cover plate 4 is defined as the first sub-pipe segment 1; from Figure 3 and Figure 4 As can be seen from the diagram, the outer wall cross-section of the first sub-tube segment 1 in this embodiment can be circular or rectangular. This embodiment preferably uses a rectangular cross-section, which allows the bottom surface of the first sub-tube segment 1 to serve as the supporting surface for the individual battery 5. Compared to the first sub-tube segment 1 with a circular outer wall cross-section, the rectangular cross-section has a larger contact area on the plane. This feature makes the individual battery 5 with this type of lower cover plate 4 more stable during use and less prone to rolling or shaking.

[0113] In this embodiment, the first sub-tube segment 1 extends along the width direction of the lower cover plate 4. From the perspective of improving the stability of the individual battery 5 during use, the size of the first sub-tube segment 1 in the width direction of the lower cover plate 4 can be increased to create a larger bottom surface area, as a larger bottom surface area results in a more stable placement of the individual battery 5. However, this introduces a new problem: as the size of the first sub-tube segment 1 increases, the size of the electrolyte sharing pipeline it forms also increases. A larger electrolyte sharing pipeline means more electrolyte is required, which undoubtedly leads to an increase in the cost of the individual battery 5 or a large-capacity battery.

[0114] To resolve the contradiction of ensuring stable placement of the individual battery cell 5 while minimizing electrolyte usage, this embodiment employs a clever design. For example... Figure 4 As shown, two narrow first sub-tube segments 1 are provided on the lower cover plate 4. These two first sub-tube segments 1 can simultaneously provide support, ensuring that the individual battery cells 5 can be placed stably. At the same time, due to their narrow width, compared to designing a larger single first sub-tube segment 1, the size of the resulting electrolyte sharing pipeline is relatively smaller, thereby reducing the amount of electrolyte used. This effectively controls battery costs while meeting the requirement for stable battery placement, achieving a win-win effect.

[0115] from Figure 5 , Figure 6 neutralization Figure 7 As can be seen, interconnected openings are formed in the lower cover plate 4 and the first sub-tube segment 1. In this embodiment, for ease of description, the openings in the lower cover plate 4 and the first sub-tube segment 1 are defined as the first opening 2; the shape of the first opening 2 is not limited in this embodiment, but the size of the first opening 2 needs to be ensured so that the electrolyte inside the single cell 5 can enter the first sub-tube segment 1 through the opening.

[0116] from Figure 7 As can be seen from the diagram, the two ends of the first sub-pipe segment 1 in this embodiment are closed ends. This can be achieved in several ways. One feasible method is to set a sealing gasket or sealing plug inside the first sub-pipe segment 1, thereby effectively blocking the channels at both ends of the first sub-pipe segment 1 and forming a closed end. Alternatively, a sealing plate can be integrally molded inside the first sub-pipe segment 1, which can also achieve the purpose of sealing both ends of the first sub-pipe segment 1. Since this embodiment uses injection molding, the second method is preferred.

[0117] This sealing end mainly has the following two functions:

[0118] First, the function of preventing external substances from entering the interior of the individual cell before or during the construction of a large-capacity battery.

[0119] This sealed end plays a crucial role in the use of the single cell 5. Before and during the construction of a large-capacity battery, the single cell 5 is in an independent state. If the internal environment of the battery is affected by external factors, its performance will be impaired. For example, if air from the external environment enters the battery through both ends of the first sub-tube segment 1 and the first opening 2, it may trigger an oxidation reaction, affecting the chemical reaction balance inside the battery; the entry of moisture may cause problems such as short circuits or electrode corrosion; the intrusion of other impurities will also damage the electrochemical system inside the battery.

[0120] In this embodiment, the two ends of the first sub-tube segment 1 are designed as closed ends. The purpose is to build a solid barrier to ensure that air, water and other impurities in the external environment cannot enter the single cell 5 through the openings at both ends of the first sub-tube segment 1.

[0121] To achieve this function, certain requirements are placed on the strength of the sealing end. It needs to have a certain structural strength and sealing performance to resist various external pressures and corrosion, thereby creating a stable and pure environment inside the single cell and ensuring that the battery performance is not adversely affected by external factors.

[0122] Secondly, the sealed end can be opened with a packaging tool to form an electrolyte sharing pipeline;

[0123] Once a large-capacity battery is assembled, specialized unpacking tools are needed to open the sealed ends of each first sub-pipeline, thereby forming an electrolyte-sharing pipeline.

[0124] To meet this functional requirement, the sealed end must be able to be opened by an unpacking tool. This necessitates that the sealed end be designed to open smoothly with the tool without damaging other parts of the high-capacity battery during the opening process, ensuring the integrity and functionality of the battery remain unaffected.

[0125] For ease of description, in this embodiment, the closed ends at both ends of the first sub-pipe segment 1 are defined as the first closed end 11 and the second closed end 13, respectively; from Figure 7 As can be seen from the figure, this embodiment adopts a structure that combines a connecting pipe and a blind hole to achieve the connection of two first sub-pipe segments 1. The connecting pipe set on the end face of the first closed end 11 is defined as the first connecting pipe 12, and the blind hole opened on the second closed end 13 is defined as the first blind hole 14.

[0126] In some other embodiments, the first sub-tube segment 1 of one of the single cells 5 can be abutted against the end face of the first sub-tube segment 1 of another single cell 5, and the connection between the two can be achieved by heat fusion at the abutment.

[0127] Combination Figure 5As can be seen, in this embodiment, the outer wall cross-section of the first connecting pipe 12 is circular, and the corresponding first blind hole 14 that mates with it is also circular. Using a circular cross-section for the first connecting pipe 12 makes it easier to insert it into the first blind hole 14. The circular shape provides good guidance, reducing resistance and friction during connection and improving smoothness. Furthermore, due to the uniform stress distribution of the circular shape, a tight fit with the first blind hole 14 is more easily achieved. After the circular cross-section first connecting pipe 12 is heat-fused within the first blind hole 14, its sealing performance is relatively good, effectively preventing electrolyte leakage.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] This embodiment also refers to a single-cell battery 5. Unlike the single-cell battery 5 in Embodiment 1, this embodiment also integrally forms a sub-tube segment on the upper cover plate 41, with the structure as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0130] As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the upper cover plate 41 is provided with two terminals 42 of opposite polarity, and a sub-tube segment is provided between the two terminals 42, which extends along the width direction of the upper cover plate 41. In this embodiment, for ease of description, the sub-tube segment on the upper cover plate 41 is defined as the second sub-tube segment 43.

[0131] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 42 mentioned here can be the 5-terminal of a single battery. If the height of the 5-terminal of the single battery as the polarity terminal 42 does not meet the set requirements, a terminal adapter can be connected to the 5-terminal of the single battery, and the overall structure of the 5-terminal of the single battery and the terminal adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 42.

[0132] It is worth noting that, since the second sub-segment 43 is located on the upper cover plate 41, unlike the first sub-segment 1 located on the lower cover plate 4, its cross-sectional shape does not affect the stable placement of the single battery cell 5. This characteristic gives the second sub-segment 43 greater flexibility in shape design. In this embodiment, the shape of the second sub-segment 43 is not strictly limited; it can be either circular or square. Furthermore, due to the limitation imposed by the polarity terminal 42, this embodiment only provides one second sub-segment 43 on the upper cover plate 41.

[0133] from Figure 9 and Figure 10As can be seen from the diagram, in this embodiment, interconnected openings are formed in the upper cover plate 41 and the second sub-tube segment 43. In this embodiment, the openings in the upper cover plate 41 and the second sub-tube segment 43 are defined as the second opening 44. This embodiment does not limit the shape of the second opening 44, but the size of the second opening 44 needs to be ensured so that the gas inside the single cell 5 can enter the second sub-tube segment 43 through this opening.

[0134] Similar to the first sub-pipe segment 1 in Embodiment 1, the two ends of the second sub-pipe segment 43 are closed ends. The closed ends of the two ends of the second sub-pipe segment 43 are defined as the third closed end 45 and the fourth closed end 46, respectively. This embodiment also adopts an integrally formed sealing plate inside the second sub-pipe segment 43 to close both ends of the second sub-pipe segment 43.

[0135] The closed end has a similar function to the closed end in Example 1. The only difference is that after a large-capacity battery is constructed, a special unpacking tool is needed to open the closed ends of each second sub-pipe to form a gas sharing pipeline.

[0136] from Figure 10 As can be seen, this embodiment also adopts a structure combining a connecting pipe and a blind hole to connect the two second sub-pipe segments 43. The connecting pipe set on the end face of the third closed end 45 is defined as the second connecting pipe 47, and the blind hole opened at the fourth closed end 46 is defined as the second blind hole 48. In this embodiment, the outer wall cross-section of the second connecting pipe 47 is circular, and the corresponding second blind hole 48 that matches it is also a circular hole. Using a second connecting pipe 47 with a circular cross-section makes it easier for the second connecting pipe 47 to be inserted into the second blind hole 48. The circular shape has good guiding properties, which can reduce resistance and friction during connection and improve the smoothness of connection. In addition, since the circular shape has a uniform stress distribution, it is easier to achieve a tight fit with the second blind hole 48. After the circular cross-section second connecting pipe 47 is heat-fused in the second blind hole 48, the sealing performance is also relatively good, which can effectively prevent gas leakage.

[0137] Example 3

[0138] Unlike Embodiment 1, this embodiment may also have a venting sub-pipe section on at least one of the upper cover plate, the cylinder and the lower cover plate. The venting sub-pipe section covers the venting part of the single battery cell. Thermal runaway smoke breaks through the venting part and is discharged from the venting sub-pipe section, thereby improving safety performance.

[0139] Preferably, in this embodiment, the explosion vent of the single battery cell is located on the upper cover plate, and the explosion vent sub-tube section is disposed on the upper cover plate. The explosion vent can also be referred to as an explosion-proof port, explosion-proof section, etc.

[0140] Example 4

[0141] This embodiment is also a single cell battery 5. Unlike the above embodiments, this embodiment has a through groove 9 or through hole on the polar terminal 42 for mounting the heat transfer tube 8.

[0142] For details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the polar terminal 42 in this embodiment is a cylindrical body, including a second end face, a first end face, and a side face (the second end face and the first end face are parallel to each other). The second end face is provided with an electrical connection area for connection with an external electrical connector, and the first end face is used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly inside the battery casing. A through groove 9 is provided on the side face (i.e., the opening of the through groove 9 is located on the side face), which serves as a mounting part for the heat transfer tube 8 to be installed.

[0143] In some other embodiments, a through hole may be provided on the side, that is, the opening of the through hole is located on the side.

[0144] In some other embodiments, the through groove 9 may also be formed on the second end face, that is, the opening of the through groove 9 is located on the second end face.

[0145] By creating through slots 9 and through holes on the side, compared to creating through slots 9 on the second end face, the heat transfer tube 8 has a larger contact area with the inner wall of the through slot 9, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, when the through slots 9 and through holes are located on the side, the entire area of ​​the second end face can be used as an electrical connection area. Two through slots 9 or through holes can also be provided on the side of the polarity terminal 42 simultaneously to increase the number of heat transfer tubes 8 and further improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0146] Furthermore, the through-slot structure (9) makes the heat transfer tube (8) easier to install compared to the through-hole structure. To further improve the ease of installation of the heat transfer tube (8), such as... Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the openings of the through slots 9 on the two polarity terminals 42 face the same direction. This unidirectional orientation allows the heat transfer tube 8 to be installed along one direction, eliminating the need for complex adjustments and alignments by the operator in different directions. This significantly improves installation efficiency and accuracy, reducing the possibility of installation errors.

[0147] The cross-section of the through groove 9 is C-shaped or U-shaped. For the C-shaped through groove 9, the opening width is smaller than the widest part of the through groove 9. This design is conducive to the interference fit of the heat transfer tube 8 in the through groove 9. The curvature formed at both ends of the C-shaped through groove 9 has natural tension, which is conducive to the tight fit of the heat transfer tube 8 in the through groove 9. The cross-section of the through groove 9 is U-shaped. The cross-section of the opening of the through groove 9 is rectangular, and the cross-section near the bottom of the groove is a semi-circular shape. The size of the opening is slightly smaller than the widest part of the through groove 9 and also slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube 8. This design is also conducive to the interference fit of the heat transfer tube 8 in the through groove 9, and at the same time, it is conducive to the fixation of the heat transfer tube 8 in the through groove 9. The interference fit is mainly in the bottom area of ​​the groove with a semi-circular cross-section.

[0148] The horizontal cross-section of the polarity terminal 42 can be circular, rectangular, or racetrack-shaped. Different shapes of polarity terminals 42 can be selected according to different battery models, or other different shapes. These will not be listed exhaustively in this embodiment.

[0149] In this embodiment, the first end face of the polarity terminal 42 is close to the electrode assembly. Therefore, the first end face is closer to the internal electrode assembly of the battery, and the heat transfer pipe 8 should be positioned as close as possible to the first end face. This arrangement allows the heat transfer pipe 8 to be as close as possible to the inside of the battery for heat transfer.

[0150] Example 5

[0151] This embodiment describes a high-capacity battery, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, it includes a pressure-bearing housing 7 and 12 individual battery cells 5 arranged within the pressure-bearing housing 7 as described in the above embodiments. In some other embodiments, the number of individual battery cells 5 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0152] An impermeable membrane can be installed between the individual cell and the pressure-bearing casing to prevent the electrolyte inside the individual cell from seeping out.

[0153] Figure 11 and Figure 12 Taking the single cell 5 in Example 4 as an example.

[0154] The first sub-tube segment 1 of adjacent single cells 5 is sealed and connected, forming two electrolyte sharing pipelines 02 at the bottom of the large-capacity battery; the second sub-tube segment 43 of adjacent single cells 5 is sealed and connected, forming a gas sharing pipeline 03 at the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0155] In other embodiments, when using the single cell in Embodiment 3, the first sub-tube segment 1 of adjacent single cells 5 is sealed and connected, forming two electrolyte shared pipelines 02 at the bottom of the large-capacity battery; the corresponding explosion-venting sub-tube segments of adjacent single cells are sealed and connected, forming an explosion-venting manifold at the top of the large-capacity battery, and the thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion-venting part and is discharged from the pressure-bearing shell through the explosion-venting manifold.

[0156] The pressure-bearing shell is provided with a vent that communicates with the shared pipeline. In this embodiment, the vent 71 is connected to the gas shared pipeline 03. This vent can also be referred to as a venting section, an explosion-proof vent, etc.

[0157] This embodiment uses hot-melt connection to achieve a sealed connection of each sub-pipe segment, forming a shared pipeline. The connection process is simple and has low precision requirements. Even with a certain degree of dimensional deviation, a good sealed connection can be achieved through hot-melt connection, reducing the precision control cost in the production process. At the same time, compared with traditional connection methods, hot-melt connection has higher strength and can withstand greater external forces and internal pressures, ensuring the structural stability of the large-capacity battery during use.

[0158] The high-capacity battery also includes electrical connectors, which include a first electrical connector for connecting individual cells and a second electrical connector for connecting the high-capacity batteries to each other or between the high-capacity batteries and an external load. One end of the second electrical connector needs to extend out of the pressure-bearing housing. Figure 11 and Figure 12 (Not shown in the image).

[0159] In addition, such as Figure 13 As shown, this embodiment also includes two liquid storage chambers 6, located outside the two outermost individual cells 5 of the large-capacity battery; and a third sub-tube segment 61 is provided on both the bottom plate and the top plate of the liquid storage chamber 6, the third sub-tube segment 61 being sealed to the sub-tube segment on the corresponding cover plate of the adjacent individual cell 5. For example, the third sub-tube segment 61 on the bottom plate of the liquid storage chamber 6 is sealed to the first sub-tube segment 1 of the lower cover plate 4 of the adjacent individual cell 5. The third sub-tube segment 61 on the top plate of the liquid storage chamber 6 is sealed to the second sub-tube segment 43 of the upper cover plate 41 of the adjacent individual cell 5.

[0160] In some other embodiments, the number and position of the liquid storage tanks 6 can be adjusted. The liquid storage tanks 6 can be located in the middle of the large-capacity battery, between two individual cells 5.

[0161] Electrolyte is stored in the storage tank 6. As the large-capacity battery is used, the electrolyte may decrease due to evaporation, consumption, or other reasons. The electrolyte stored in the storage tank 6 can be replenished to the large-capacity battery in a timely manner through a shared pipeline to maintain the amount of electrolyte inside the large-capacity battery and ensure the stable performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0162] In this embodiment, both the electrolyte storage tank 6 and the third sub-pipe segment 61 are plastic components and are integral pieces. The third sub-pipe segment 61 is sealed to the sub-pipe segment on the adjacent single cell 5 via heat fusion. The non-connecting end of the third sub-pipe segment 61 is a closed end. The connecting end of the third sub-pipe segment 61 can be directly inserted into the blind hole in the sub-pipe of the single cell 5 for heat fusion connection, or the connecting pipe of the sub-pipe of the single cell 5 can be inserted into the connecting end of the third sub-pipe segment 61 for heat fusion connection. Heat fusion connection achieves a good sealing effect, preventing electrolyte or gas leakage. Furthermore, the connection strength is high, capable of withstanding certain pressure and vibration, ensuring the stability of the shared pipeline during the operation of large-capacity batteries.

[0163] The large-capacity battery in this embodiment also includes a heat transfer tube 8, and the liquid inlet end 81 and the liquid outlet end 82 of the heat transfer tube can both extend out of the pressure-bearing housing 7.

[0164] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 8 is U-shaped and includes a first tube, a second tube, and a connecting tube. The first tube is fixed in the through groove 9 of the polar terminal 42 of each individual cell 5 in the large-capacity battery on one side. The second tube is fixed in the through groove 9 of the polar terminal 42 of each individual cell 5 in the large-capacity battery on the other side. The two ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube on the same side.

[0165] like Figure 14 As shown, when installing the heat transfer tube 8, the first tube, the second tube, and the connecting tube can be pre-assembled into one piece. Then, the first tube and the second tube are inserted into the corresponding through slots 9 in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure. The installation process is simple and convenient, which improves the installation efficiency.

[0166] The heat generated inside the large-capacity battery can be conducted to the heat transfer tube 8 through the polarity terminal 42, and then the heat transfer tube 8 dissipates the heat, thereby achieving heat dissipation for the large-capacity battery.

[0167] Example 6

[0168] Based on Example 5, this embodiment adds an insulating sealant layer between the individual battery cells 5 and between each individual battery cell 5 and the pressure-bearing housing 7. The insulating sealant layer is mainly laid in the space between each individual battery cell 5 and the pressure-bearing housing 7, with the heat transfer pipes 8 inside the pressure-bearing housing 7 all located within the insulating sealant layer. Simultaneously, the electrical connectors connected to the polarity terminals 42 inside the pressure-bearing housing 7 can also be located within the insulating sealant layer (when signals need to be acquired from the electrical connectors, the electrical connectors must be exposed within the insulating sealant layer). When there are gaps between the individual battery cells 5, the insulating sealant liquid can also seep into these gaps to form an insulating sealant layer. In this embodiment, the insulating sealant layer has at least the following advantages:

[0169] 1. Prevent condensation;

[0170] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat transfer tube 8, condensation will form on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit. By laying an insulating sealant layer to completely wrap the heat transfer tube 8, when condensation forms on the surface of the heat transfer tube 8, the battery short circuit can be prevented under the protection of the insulating sealant layer.

[0171] II. Further improve the stability of each individual battery cell 5 within the pressure-bearing casing 7;

[0172] The insulating sealant penetrates into the gaps between each individual cell 5 and between each individual cell 5 and the pressure-bearing housing 7, which can further improve the stability of each individual cell 5 within the pressure-bearing housing 7.

[0173] Example 7

[0174] This embodiment is also a high-capacity battery, but it differs from embodiment 6 in that, as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in this embodiment, clearance holes 73 are provided on the top plate 72 of the pressure-bearing housing corresponding to the polarity terminals 42 of each individual battery 5; the polarity terminals 42 of each individual battery 5 extend out of the clearance holes 73; the area of ​​the top plate 72 of the pressure-bearing housing corresponding to the clearance holes is fixedly sealed to the individual battery housing. The heat transfer pipe 8 is fixed at the part where the polarity terminals 42 extend out of the clearance holes 73. In this embodiment, only an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate 72 of the pressure-bearing housing, and the heat transfer pipe 8 is located inside the insulating sealant layer. When condensation occurs on the surface of the heat transfer pipe 8, the battery short circuit can be prevented under the protection of the insulating sealant layer. Compared with embodiment 6, this embodiment can greatly reduce the amount of insulating sealant used, reducing the cost of large-capacity batteries.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that: The device includes a housing, which is formed by an upper cover plate, a cylindrical body, and a lower cover plate. The upper cover plate, the cylindrical body, and the lower cover plate are all made of plastic, and the strength of the housing is P, where P1≤P≤P2. P1 is the strength requirement of the housing during the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery, and P2 is the strength requirement of the housing during the thermal runaway stage. At least one of the upper cover plate, the cylinder, and the lower cover plate is provided with a sub-pipe section, the inner cavity of which is used to communicate with the inner cavity of the shell.

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the casing is h, which is less than h0, where h0 is the casing thickness of a traditional single-cell battery with a plastic casing.

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sub-pipe section is integrally installed on the lower cover plate; the lower cover plate and the sub-pipe section have a first opening that is interconnected; both ends of the sub-pipe section are closed ends.

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the sub-tube segment are defined as the first closed end and the second closed end, respectively; a first connecting tube is provided on the end face of the first closed end, and a first blind hole extending axially along the first sub-tube segment is opened at the second closed end; the first blind hole is used for the insertion of the first connecting tube on the lower cover plate of another single cell, and the connection is made by heat fusion.

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall cross-section of the sub-pipe section is rectangular; the outer wall cross-section of the first connecting pipe is circular.

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two sub-pipe sections, each extending along the width of the lower cover plate, and the two sub-pipe sections are arranged along the length of the lower cover plate.

7. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The sub-pipe section is integrally installed on the upper cover plate; a second opening is opened on the upper cover plate and the sub-pipe section to communicate with each other; both ends of the sub-pipe section are closed ends.

8. The single-cell battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two closed ends of the sub-tube segment are defined as the third closed end and the fourth closed end, respectively; a second connecting tube is provided on the end face of the third closed end, and a second blind hole extending along the axial direction of the sub-tube segment is opened at the fourth closed end; the second blind hole is used for the insertion of the second connecting tube of the cover plate of another single cell, and the connection is made by heat fusion.

9. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: At least one of the upper cover plate, the cylinder and the lower cover plate is provided with a venting sub-pipe section, which covers the venting part of the single cell battery. Thermal runaway smoke breaks through the venting part and is discharged from the venting sub-pipe section.

10. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover plate has two polarized terminals; each polarized terminal has a through groove or through hole for installing heat transfer tubes.

11. A high-capacity battery, characterized in that: The device includes a pressure-bearing housing and n individual cells as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 arranged within the pressure-bearing housing, wherein n is an integer greater than 1; corresponding sub-pipe segments in adjacent individual cells are sealed and connected to form a shared pipeline; the pressure-bearing housing is provided with a vent that communicates with the shared pipeline; the strength of the pressure-bearing housing meets the strength requirements of the housing during the thermal runaway stage.

12. The high-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing shell is made of iron, steel, or stainless steel.

13. The high-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: The corresponding explosion-venting sub-tubes in adjacent individual cells are sealed together to form an explosion-venting manifold. Thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion-venting section and is discharged from the explosion-venting manifold.

14. The high-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: It also includes at least one liquid storage tank, and the bottom plate and / or top plate of the liquid storage tank are provided with a third sub-tube section; the third sub-tube section is sealed to the corresponding sub-tube section on the adjacent single cell.

15. The high-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: It also includes heat transfer tubes, which are fixed in the slots or holes of each individual cell.

16. The high-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: Insulating sealant layers are provided between each individual cell and between each individual cell and the pressure-bearing casing; the heat transfer tubes are located inside the insulating sealant layers.

17. The high-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: The top plate of the pressure-bearing housing has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual battery cell; the polarity terminals of each individual battery cell extend out of the corresponding clearance holes, and the area of ​​the top plate of the pressure-bearing housing corresponding to the clearance holes is fixedly sealed to the individual battery cell housing.

18. The high-capacity battery according to claim 17, characterized in that: An insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the pressure shell, and the heat transfer tubes are located inside the insulating sealant layer.

19. The high-capacity battery according to claim 17, characterized in that: An impermeable membrane is provided between the individual battery cell and the pressure-bearing casing to prevent the electrolyte inside the individual battery cell from seeping out.

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