Power converter

Abstract

A power converter is used for converting direct current from a photovoltaic module or an energy storage battery into alternating current and comprises a shell, a circuit board and a capacitor. The shell comprises a bottom plate, side plates and a cover plate. The bottom plate and the cover plate are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the side plate is connected with the edge of the bottom plate and the edge of the cover plate, the cover plate, the bottom plate and the side plate define a containing cavity, and the containing cavity is used for containing the capacitor and the circuit board. The cover plate is used for being hung on a supporting object. Cooling fins are arranged on the surface, away from the cover plate, of the bottom plate. The capacitor is arranged on the circuit board and located between the bottom plate and the circuit board. The heat dissipation fins are arranged on the surface, deviating from the cover plate, of the bottom plate, the thickness of the bottom plate can be effectively increased, the bottom plate can be more easily exploded from the cover plate, the cover plate is hung towards the supporting object, the possibility that the cover plate is collided to fly can be reduced, and the use safety of the power converter can be improved.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202420398720.7, filed on March 1, 2024, entitled "Power Converter", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic energy technology, and in particular to a power converter. Background Technology

[0003] Inverters convert AC and DC power, achieved through circuits composed of various semiconductor components. When an inverter operates under overload, it generates excessive heat, accelerating capacitor aging, reducing insulation performance, and potentially producing hydrogen gas, increasing the risk of explosion. Furthermore, in existing inverters, the base plate is mounted on a support (such as a wall), with the cover plate facing away from the wall. In the event of an explosion, the cover plate is more likely to break through, potentially injuring people, thus compromising the inverter's safety. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of this application is to provide a power converter that is beneficial to improving the safety of use.

[0005] This application provides a power converter for converting direct current (DC) from photovoltaic modules or energy storage batteries into alternating current (AC), comprising a housing, a circuit board, and a capacitor. The housing includes a base plate, side plates, and a cover plate. The base plate and cover plate are disposed opposite each other along a first direction. The side plates connect the edges of the base plate and the cover plate. The cover plate, base plate, and side plates form a receiving cavity for housing the capacitor and the circuit board. The cover plate is used for mounting on a support. Heat dissipation fins are provided on the surface of the base plate opposite to the cover plate. The capacitor is disposed on the circuit board and located between the base plate and the circuit board.

[0006] This design effectively increases the thickness of the base plate, making it easier for the cover plate to burst open when an explosion occurs inside the casing. The cover plate is mounted facing a support (such as a wall), which can act as a barrier, reducing the possibility of the cover plate being knocked off and improving the safety of the power converter.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the housing includes a panel that covers the base plate along a first direction and is spaced apart from the heat dissipation fins.

[0008] This design allows the panel to provide heat insulation and protection for the base plate. At the same time, the panel facilitates the customization of the appearance of one side of the heat sink fins.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the power converter includes multiple DC terminals for connecting photovoltaic modules or energy storage batteries, and the DC terminals pass through the base plate and connect to the circuit board along a first direction.

[0010] This configuration, compared to having the DC terminals pass through the side plate and connect to the circuit board, reduces the distance between the base plate and the circuit board along the first direction, which helps to reduce the local height of the casing and thus improves the overall power density of the power converter. Furthermore, with the DC terminals passing through the base plate and connecting to the circuit board, there is no need for an adapter design inside the housing cavity, reducing connection losses and lowering costs.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the power converter includes AC terminals for connecting to a load or power grid, the AC terminals being fixed to the side of the base plate away from the cover plate.

[0012] This configuration, compared to placing the AC terminals on one side of the side panel, reduces the distance between the base plate and the circuit board along the first direction, which helps to reduce the local height of the casing and thus improves the overall power density of the power converter.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the power converter includes fasteners that pass sequentially through AC terminals and a base plate along a first direction and are connected to a circuit board.

[0014] This configuration allows the AC terminals to be placed flat and parallel to the base plate on the side of the base plate away from the cover plate, making it easier for fasteners to pass through the AC terminals and the base plate, thereby helping to reduce the overall size of the power converter along the first direction.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the power converter includes a switching transistor, an inductor, and a relay. The switching transistor, inductor, and relay are all mounted on a circuit board and located between the circuit board and a base plate. The housing cavity includes a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, and a fourth chamber connected in sequence. The first chamber houses a capacitor, the second chamber houses the switching transistor, the third chamber houses the inductor, and the fourth chamber houses the relay. Along a first direction, the dimensions of the first chamber, the third chamber, and the fourth chamber are all larger than the dimension of the second chamber.

[0016] This design allows the outer casing to form chambers of different sizes, which helps to achieve a compact layout of the internal space of the containment chamber, saves space, reduces the air content inside the containment chamber, shortens the heat conduction path between the switching transistor and the bottom plate, and improves the heat dissipation capacity of the entire power converter. This, in turn, helps to reduce the risk of the power converter exploding and improves the safety of the power converter in use.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the second chamber includes a first flat plate structure. The first flat plate structure is disposed opposite to the circuit board along a first direction. The fourth chamber includes a second flat plate structure, which is also disposed opposite to the circuit board along the first direction. The arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins disposed on the first flat plate structure is greater than the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins disposed on the second flat plate structure.

[0018] This design increases the heat dissipation area at the first flat plate structure, which helps improve the heat dissipation capacity of the switching transistors, reduces the risk of the power converter exploding, and improves the safety of the power converter.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the power converter includes a fan. The fan is disposed on the side of the first flat plate structure away from the cover plate and between the heat sink fins and the panel of the housing, with the fan and multiple heat sink fins of the first flat plate structure arranged opposite to each other along a first direction.

[0020] This configuration improves airflow on one side of the first flat plate structure, which is beneficial for enhancing the heat dissipation capacity of the heat sink fins on the first flat plate structure for the switching transistor, and also facilitates the design of the airflow direction perpendicular to the first flat plate structure.

[0021] In one possible implementation, multiple heat dissipation fins of the base plate are arranged at intervals along a second direction. The third chamber includes a third flat plate structure, which is positioned opposite the circuit board along a first direction. The panel includes a plate body, a first connecting wall, and a second connecting wall. The first and second connecting walls are connected to two opposite edges of the plate body along a third direction, and the first, second, and third directions are perpendicular to each other. Both the first and second connecting walls are provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet. Along the third direction, the first air inlet is positioned opposite to multiple heat dissipation fins of the second flat plate structure, and the first air outlet is positioned opposite to multiple heat dissipation fins of the third flat plate structure.

[0022] Specifically, when the fan is running, external natural air enters between the plate and the base plate through the first air inlet, flows through the gaps between multiple heat dissipation fins, and the hot air, after exchanging heat with the fins, flows out through the first air outlet. Since the heat generated by the inductor and switching transistor is relatively higher than that of the relay, the air temperature outside the inductor and switching transistor is higher. The first air inlet is positioned away from the inductor and switching transistor, allowing the fan to draw natural air from the cooler areas outside the heat dissipation fins of the second plate structure, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the fins. Conversely, the heat generated by the relay is relatively higher than that of the capacitor. The placement of the first air inlet allows the cooler external natural air to accelerate the heat dissipation of the relay, helping to quickly reduce the overall temperature within the housing cavity and thus improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the device. Furthermore, the placement of the first air outlet reduces the impact of inductor heat generation on other power devices.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first chamber includes a fourth plate structure, which is disposed opposite to the circuit board along a first direction. The panel also includes a third connecting wall, which is connected to the edge of the panel along a second direction and located on the side of the fourth plate structure opposite to the third plate structure along the second direction. The third connecting wall is provided with a second air inlet, which is disposed opposite to a plurality of heat dissipation fins of the fourth plate structure along the second direction.

[0024] This configuration increases airflow and accelerates heat dissipation. Furthermore, the natural air entering through the second air inlet is cooler than the air entering through the first air inlet. Driven by the fan, it flows through multiple heat dissipation fins of the fourth plate structure, then to the heat dissipation fins of the first and third plate structures, which helps accelerate heat dissipation from the switching transistors and inductors. The hot air, after heat exchange, then flows outwards from the first air outlet.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the multiple side plates include a first side plate and a second side plate. The first side plate and the second side plate are connected to two opposite edges of the base plate along a third direction. The first side plate is opposite to and connected to the first connecting wall along a first direction, and the second side plate is opposite to and connected to the second connecting wall along the first direction. Both the first side plate and the second side plate are provided with a second air outlet, which is arranged opposite to multiple heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure along a third direction.

[0026] This configuration allows the hot air generated after the natural wind exchanges heat with the multiple heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure to flow to the outside from the nearest second air outlet, reducing the impact of heat generated by the switching transistor on other power devices.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the first side plate and the second side plate are also provided with a third air outlet, which is arranged opposite to multiple heat dissipation fins of the third flat plate structure. The third air outlet is located on the side of the base plate away from the circuit board.

[0028] This design increases the size of the air outlet along the first direction at the third flat plate structure, allowing the hot air generated after heat exchange to dissipate to the outside more quickly, which helps improve the overall heat dissipation performance of the unit.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the power converter further includes a mounting plate disposed between the plate body and multiple heat dissipation fins along a first direction. The mounting plate covers multiple heat dissipation fins of the first plate structure and the third plate structure, and the mounting plate is used to mount a fan.

[0030] With this configuration, when the fan is running, the mounting plate can effectively block the high-temperature natural air from entering through the first and second air outlets from the switching transistors and inductors. This effectively prevents the hot air emitted from the switching transistors and inductors from being drawn back by the fan to the multiple heat dissipation fins corresponding to the capacitors and relays for heat exchange. This ensures that the fan draws natural air from the outside of the lower-temperature first and second air inlets, making the heat exchange efficiency of the multiple heat dissipation fins higher, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the machine.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the power converter further includes a blocking member, which protrudes from the side of the fixed plate facing the heat dissipation fins in a first direction, and the blocking member is disposed on the opposite sides of the fan in a third direction. The side of the blocking member away from the fixed plate in the first direction abuts against the multiple heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure.

[0032] With this configuration, the natural airflow between the first plate structure and the plate body can enter the gaps between the multiple heat dissipation fins of the first plate structure more quickly under the obstruction of the blocking component, and the natural airflow can also enter the multiple heat dissipation fins of the third plate structure more quickly for heat exchange, which is beneficial to improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0033] In one possible implementation, along the second direction, the further away the heat dissipation fins of the third plate structure are from the first plate structure, the larger the size of the heat dissipation fins of the third plate structure along the first direction.

[0034] With this configuration, along the second direction, the closer the heat dissipation fins on the third plate structure are to the first plate structure, the larger the gap between them and the fixed plate along the first direction. This can effectively increase the airflow from the first plate structure to the multiple heat dissipation fins on the third plate structure, thus accelerating heat exchange.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the surface of the cover plate facing away from the base plate is provided with multiple heat dissipation teeth, and the heat dissipation teeth located on opposite sides of the cover plate are provided with mounting slots for mounting to a support.

[0036] This design allows the power devices within the housing to dissipate heat more quickly through multiple heat dissipation fins. Combined with the heat dissipation fins on the base plate, it achieves full-area heat dissipation, significantly improving overall heat dissipation performance. Furthermore, it allows for greater power output within the same volume, achieving higher overall power density. Additionally, the mounting slot design reduces the need for additional mounting brackets; that is, there's no need for separate mounting brackets to fix the power converter to a support structure, thus reducing overall cost. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0038] Figure 1 A network diagram of a photovoltaic and energy storage system in a large-scale ground power station or industrial and commercial application scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a power converter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of a power converter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter provided in one embodiment of this application from another perspective;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a power converter in the prior art;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial exploded view of the power converter.

[0045] Figure 8 A partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter provided in one embodiment of this application, from yet another perspective.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another power converter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shown is an exploded view of the power converter.

[0049] Figure 12 for Figure 10 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the power converter.

[0050] Figure 13 for Figure 12 An enlarged schematic diagram of point XIII in the power converter shown.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0052] First Direction - A, Second Direction - B, Third Direction - C, Power Converter - 1000, Photovoltaic Module - 200, Photovoltaic Inverter - 300, Box-type Substation - 400, Step-up Substation - 500, Power Grid - 600, Energy Storage System - 700, Energy Storage Converter - 800, Shell - 10, Base Plate - 11, First Flat Plate Structure - 111, Second Flat Plate Structure - 112, Third Flat Plate Structure - 113, Fourth Flat Plate Structure - 114, Fifth Flat Plate Structure - 115, First Protruding Structure - 116, Second Protruding Structure - 117, Third Protruding Structure - 118, Fourth Protruding Structure - 119, Side Plate - 12, First Side Plate - 121, Second Side Plate - 122, Third Side Plate - 123, Fourth Side Plate - 124, Second Air Outlet - 125, Third Air Outlet - 126, Enclosure - 13 131. Through hole, 14. Cover plate, 141. Heat dissipation fins, 15. Panel, 151. First connecting wall, 152. Second connecting wall, 153. Third connecting wall, 154. First air inlet, 155. First air outlet, 156. Second air inlet, 157. Third air inlet, 158. Heat dissipation fins, 16. Receiving cavity, 17. First chamber, 171. Second chamber, 172. Third chamber, 173. Fourth chamber, 174. Fifth chamber, 175. Receiving cavity, 18. Opening, 181. DC terminal, 20. AC terminal, 30. First end, 31. Second end, 32. Mounting bracket, 40. Circuit board, 50. Inductor, 60. Capacitor, 70. Relay, 80. Switch tube, 90. Fan, 100. Fixing plate, 110. Blocking component, 120. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-storage system network for a large-scale ground-mounted power station or industrial / commercial application scenario, provided in one embodiment of this application. The photovoltaic module 200 converts solar energy into direct current (DC) through the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic inverter 300 converts the DC output from the photovoltaic module 200 into alternating current (AC) and further transmits the AC to a prefabricated substation 400. The prefabricated substation 400 converts the low-voltage AC output from the photovoltaic inverter 300 into medium-voltage AC and further transmits the AC to a step-up substation 500 (grid 600) or the prefabricated substation 400 corresponding to the energy storage system 700. The energy storage system 700 stores the unstable electrical energy from the photovoltaic module 200 and, through an energy storage converter 800 and the corresponding prefabricated substation 400, outputs stable electrical energy to the grid 600. It can be understood that the energy storage system 700 includes an energy storage battery, and the DC power from the energy storage battery is converted into AC power by the energy storage converter.

[0055] Figure 1 In the photovoltaic-storage system shown, the photovoltaic inverter 300 and the energy storage converter 800 are the core devices for power conversion, collectively referred to as the power converter 1000. The structure of the power converter 1000 provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is worth mentioning that the power converter 1000 provided in this application can also be applied to residential photovoltaic systems, as the grid connection method of residential photovoltaic systems differs from... Figure 1 The similarities are not repeated here.

[0056] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a power converter 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the power converter 1000 includes a housing 10, multiple DC terminals 20, and AC terminals 30. The DC terminals 20 and AC terminals 30 are mounted on the housing 10. The DC terminals 20 are used to connect to a photovoltaic module 200 or an energy storage battery. The AC terminals 30 are used to connect to a load or the power grid.

[0057] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 An exploded perspective view of a power converter 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter 1000 provided in one embodiment of this application. The power converter 1000 also includes a circuit board 50, an inductor 60, a capacitor 70, a relay 80, a switching transistor 90, and a fan 100. The circuit board 50, inductor 60, capacitor 70, relay 80, and switching transistor 90 are all housed inside a housing 10. The inductor 60, capacitor 70, relay 80, switching transistor 90, DC terminal 20, and AC terminal 30 are all electrically connected to the circuit board 50. The fan 100 is used to enhance the airflow of the power converter 1000 and improve its heat dissipation efficiency.

[0058] The number of inductors 60, capacitors 70 and switching transistors 90 can be one or more. Power devices such as inductors 60, capacitors 70, relays 80 and switching transistors 90 can be dissipated through thermal conductive materials onto the base plate 11, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power converter 1000.

[0059] The outer periphery of capacitor 70 is usually provided with insulating material. When the power converter 1000 is overloaded, it will generate excessive heat, which will accelerate the aging of capacitor 70, cause the insulation performance of capacitor 70 to decline, and easily generate hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas reacts with the air inside the casing 10, increasing the risk of explosion of power converter 1000.

[0060] The outer casing 10 includes a base plate 11, at least four side plates 12, a surrounding plate 13, a cover plate 14, a front panel 15, and heat dissipation fins 16. The cover plate 14 and the front panel 15 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the outer casing 10 along a first direction A; that is, the cover plate 14 and the base plate 11 are opposite each other in the first direction A, and the front panel 15 and the base plate 11 are opposite each other in the first direction A. The heat dissipation fins 16 are disposed on the surface of the base plate 11 facing away from the cover plate 14 along the first direction A, increasing the thickness of the base plate 11 along the first direction A. The cover plate 14 is used for mounting on a support, wherein the cover plate 14 can be mounted on the support (such as a wall) via a mounting bracket 40. Compared to the existing power converter 1000 where the base plate 11 is used to hang on a support, this application hangs the power converter 1000 upside down. The thicker base plate 11 is away from the support. When an explosion occurs inside the outer casing 10, it is easier for the thinner cover plate 14 to burst open. The cover plate 14 is hung facing the support, which can block the cover plate 14 and reduce the possibility of the cover plate 14 being knocked away, thus improving the safety of the power converter 1000.

[0061] Heat dissipation fins 16 are provided on the surface of the base plate 11 away from the cover plate 14, which helps to increase the air flow at the heat dissipation fins, improve the heat dissipation performance of the power converter 1000, and reduce the possibility of explosion.

[0062] At least four side plates 12 connect the edges of the cover plate 14 and the bottom plate 11. The cover plate 14, the at least four side plates 12, and the bottom plate 11 form a receiving cavity 17, which is used to house the circuit board 50, the inductor 60, the capacitor 70, the relay 80, and the switching transistor 90. A surrounding plate 13 is disposed on the side of the bottom plate 11 facing away from the circuit board 50 in the first direction A, and is located between the bottom plate 11 and the front panel 15. The circuit board 50 is disposed opposite to the bottom plate 11 in the first direction A, and is located between the cover plate 14 and the bottom plate 11. The inductor 60, the capacitor 70, the relay 80, and the switching transistor 90 are all located between the circuit board 50 and the bottom plate 11.

[0063] The connection between the base plate 11 and at least four side plates 12 can be sealed with gaskets to achieve a high level of protection and sealing inside the power converter 1000. There can be four side plates 12, designated as a first side plate 121, a second side plate 122, a third side plate 123, and a fourth side plate 124. The four side plates 12, the base plate 11, and the cover plate 14 together form a rectangular outer casing 10. It is understood that there can be more than four side plates 12 to form a polygonal outer casing 10.

[0064] Optionally, the housing 10 can be integrally formed from aluminum profile, which is beneficial to improving the heat conduction and heat dissipation capacity of the housing 10. The integrally formed housing 10 is beneficial to realize the heat dissipation capacity of each power device in the housing cavity 17. Furthermore, the heat dissipation fins 16 are installed on the housing 10, which is beneficial to improve the utilization efficiency of the heat dissipation fins 16 and reduce the cost of heat dissipation materials.

[0065] Please combine Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter 1000 provided in one embodiment of this application from another perspective. A panel 15 is disposed on the side of the base plate 11 where the heat dissipation fins 16 are located. Along the first direction A, the panel 15 covers the base plate 11, thus providing heat insulation and protection for the base plate 11, reducing the risk of burns to personnel. Simultaneously, the panel 15 facilitates the customization of the appearance of the side of the heat dissipation fins 16.

[0066] The panel 15 and the heat dissipation fins 16 are spaced apart, which helps to improve the airflow on one side of the heat dissipation fins 16.

[0067] The DC terminal 20 along the first direction A passes through the base plate 11 and connects to the circuit board 50. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a power converter based on existing technology. Figure 6 As shown, in the prior art, the DC terminal 20 is disposed on the side plate 12 of the housing 10. The DC terminal 20 passes through the side plate 12 and is connected to the internal circuit board 50 through the adapter. Since the number of DC terminals 20 is usually set to multiple, and multiple DC terminals 20 are arranged on the side plate, the side plate 12 needs to extend a large dimension along the first direction A, which leads to a large local height of the housing 10.

[0068] Please combine Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial exploded view of the power converter 1000. (See attached diagram.) Figure 7 As shown in this application, a DC terminal 20 is provided on the side of the base plate 11 facing away from the cover plate 14. Thus, the DC terminal 20 can directly connect to the circuit board 50 after passing through the base plate 11, reducing the distance between the base plate 11 and the circuit board 50 along the first direction A. This helps to reduce the local height of the housing 10, thereby improving the overall power density of the power converter 1000. Furthermore, since the DC terminal 20 passes through the base plate 11 and connects to the circuit board 50, there is no need to add a transition design within the housing cavity 17, reducing connection losses. The cable-free assembly design between the DC terminal 20 and the circuit board 50 simplifies the assembly process, improves manufacturing efficiency, and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0069] Multiple DC terminals 20 are arranged on the side of the base plate 11 away from the cover plate 14. For example, multiple DC terminals 20 are arranged in multiple columns along the second direction B, and each column is provided with multiple DC terminals 20. The multiple DC terminals 20 in each column can be arranged along the third direction C.

[0070] It should be noted that the first direction A can be the height direction of the power converter 1000, the second direction B can be the length direction of the power converter 1000, and the third direction C can be the width direction of the power converter 1000. The first direction A, the second direction B and the third direction C are perpendicular to each other.

[0071] like Figure 6 As shown, the AC terminal 30 is disposed on the side plate 12 of the housing 10. After passing through the side plate 12, the AC terminal 30 is connected to the circuit board 50 through the adapter. Typically, the AC terminal 30 is relatively large, which results in the side plate 12 extending in the first direction A with a large dimension, and consequently, the housing 10 has a relatively large local height.

[0072] like Figure 7 As shown in this application, an AC terminal 30 is fixedly connected to the side of the base plate 11 facing away from the cover plate 14. This reduces the distance between the base plate 11 and the circuit board 50 along the first direction A, facilitates the connection between the AC terminal 30 and the circuit board 50, and reduces the local height of the housing 10.

[0073] The power converter 1000 includes fasteners that sequentially pass through AC terminals 30 and a base plate 11 along a first direction A, connecting and fixing them to the circuit board 50. The fasteners can be bolts. The AC terminals can be flat and placed parallel to the base plate 11, facilitating the fastener's passage through the AC terminals 30 and the base plate 11. This reduces the size of the fasteners along the first direction A, and consequently, the overall size of the power converter 1000 along the first direction A. Furthermore, the cable-free assembly design between the AC terminals 30 and the circuit board 50 simplifies the assembly process, improves manufacturing efficiency, and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0074] The base plate 11 has a concave-convex structure, which forms multiple chambers. For example, the receiving chamber 17 includes a first chamber 171, a second chamber 172, a third chamber 173, a fourth chamber 174, and a fifth chamber 175 connected in sequence. The first chamber 171 is used to house a capacitor 70, the second chamber 172 is used to house a switching transistor 90, the third chamber 173 is used to house an inductor 60, the fourth chamber 174 is used to house a relay 80, and the fifth chamber 175 is used to house a DC terminal 20 and the portion of an AC terminal 30 that passes through the base plate 11 and is located inside the housing 10.

[0075] Along the first direction A, the dimensions of the first chamber 171, the third chamber 173, and the fourth chamber 174 are all larger than the dimension of the second chamber 172. This arrangement facilitates a compact layout of the internal space of the containment cavity 17, saves space, reduces the air content inside the containment cavity 17, shortens the heat conduction path between the switching tube 90 and the base plate 11, and improves the overall heat dissipation capacity of the power converter 1000. This, in turn, helps reduce the risk of explosion of the power converter 1000 and improves the safety of its use.

[0076] Specifically, the base plate 11 includes multiple flat plate structures and multiple protruding structures. The multiple flat plate structures are designated as a first flat plate structure 111, a second flat plate structure 112, a third flat plate structure 113, a fourth flat plate structure 114, and a fifth flat plate structure 115. The multiple protruding structures are designated as a first protruding structure 116, a second protruding structure 117, a third protruding structure 118, and a fourth protruding structure 119. The fourth flat plate structure 114, the first protruding structure 116, the first flat plate structure 111, the second protruding structure 117, the third flat plate structure 113, the third protruding structure 118, the second flat plate structure 112, the fourth protruding structure 119, and the fifth flat plate structure 115 are arranged sequentially along the second direction B. The first flat plate structure 111, the second flat plate structure 112, the third flat plate structure 113, and the fourth flat plate structure 114 each have multiple heat dissipation fins 16 on the side facing away from the cover plate 14 along the first direction A. These heat dissipation fins 16 are arranged at intervals along the second direction B.

[0077] The first chamber 171 includes a fourth flat plate structure 114 and a first protruding structure 116, which together form the first chamber 171. A capacitor 70 is located between the fourth flat plate structure 114 and the circuit board 50. Specifically, one end of the fourth flat plate structure 114 is connected to the third side plate 123, and the fourth flat plate structure 114 is positioned opposite the circuit board 50 along the first direction A. The first protruding structure 116 protrudes relative to the fourth flat plate structure 114 toward the circuit board 50. In this application, the capacitor 70 is placed in a separate first chamber 171. If the capacitor 70 explodes, the impact on other power devices within the receiving chamber 17 can be effectively reduced.

[0078] The fourth flat plate structure 114 has a plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 arranged on the surface opposite to the circuit board 50, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor 70.

[0079] The second chamber 172 includes a first flat plate structure 111, which is disposed opposite to the circuit board 50 along the first direction A. The second chamber 172 is formed between the first flat plate structure 111 and the cover plate 14 along the first direction A, and the switching tube 90 is located between the first flat plate structure 111 and the circuit board 50.

[0080] Similarly, the surface of the first flat plate structure 111 facing away from the circuit board 50 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 arranged in a row, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the switching transistor 90.

[0081] Please combine Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter 1000 provided in one embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, a fan 100 is disposed on the side of the first flat plate structure 111 away from the cover plate 14 and located between the heat dissipation fins 16 and the panel 15, and the fan 100 and the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 on the first flat plate structure 111 are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction A. This arrangement improves the airflow on the side of the first flat plate structure 111 away from the cover plate 14 by means of the fan 100, which is beneficial for improving the heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation fins 16 on the first flat plate structure 111 for the switching transistor 90, and also facilitates the design of an airflow direction perpendicular to the first flat plate structure 111.

[0082] The number of fans 100 can be multiple, and the multiple fans 100 are arranged along a third direction C to enhance the heat dissipation of each power device.

[0083] In this embodiment, the fan 100 can be disposed between the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 on the first protrusion structure 116 and the heat dissipation fins 16 on the second protrusion structure 117, which helps to reduce the size of the power converter 1000 along the first direction A and achieve a compact overall structure; at the same time, it helps to accelerate the airflow around the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first protrusion structure 116 and the heat dissipation fins 16 of the second protrusion structure 117, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor 70 and the inductor 60.

[0084] Please combine Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a power converter 1000 provided in another embodiment of this application. In another embodiment, the fan 100 of the first flat plate structure 111 is disposed at one end of the base plate 11 along a third direction C and / or at the other end of the base plate 11 along a third direction C, and the fan 100 and the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 are disposed opposite to each other in the third direction C, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the fan 100 is located at one end of the first flat plate structure 111 facing the second side plate 122 along the third direction C. This improves the airflow on the side of the first flat plate structure 111 away from the cover plate 14, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation capacity of the heat sink fins 16 at the first flat plate structure 111 for the switching tube 90, and also facilitates the design of the airflow direction parallel to the first flat plate structure 111.

[0085] In other embodiments, the fan 100 is disposed at one end of the first flat plate structure 111 along the third direction C toward the first side plate 121, or the fan 100 is disposed at opposite ends of the first flat plate structure 111 along the third direction C.

[0086] The third chamber 173 includes a third flat plate structure 113, a second protruding structure 117, and a third protruding structure 118. The third flat plate structure 113, the second protruding structure 117, and the third protruding structure 118 form the third chamber 173. The third flat plate structure 113 is positioned opposite to the circuit board 50 along the first direction A. Both the second protruding structure 117 and the third protruding structure 118 protrude relative to the third flat plate structure 113 towards the circuit board 50. The second protruding structure 117 and the third protruding structure 118 are respectively located at opposite ends of the third flat plate structure 113. The second protruding structure 117 connects the first flat plate structure 111 and the third flat plate structure 113, and the third protruding structure 118 is located between the third flat plate structure 113 and the second flat plate structure 112. The inductor 60 is located between the third flat plate structure 113 and the circuit board 50.

[0087] Similarly, the surface of the third flat plate structure 113 facing away from the circuit board 50 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 arranged in a row, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the inductor 60.

[0088] In this application, the inductor 60 and capacitor 70 are located on opposite sides of the switching transistor 90 along the second direction B, which helps to reduce the impact of heat generated by the inductor 60 on the capacitor 70. Furthermore, the third protruding structure 118 separates the inductor 60 and the relay 80, which also helps to reduce the impact of heat generated by the inductor 60 on the relay 80.

[0089] The inner wall surface of the third flat plate structure 113 facing the third chamber 173 can be set as a curved surface and matched with the outer contour of the inductor 60, so that the distance between the inductor 60 and the inner wall surface of the third flat plate structure 113 is equal at all points, which helps to shorten the heat conduction path between the inductor 60 and the third flat plate structure 113 and improve the heat dissipation capacity.

[0090] In one embodiment, the distances between the inner wall of the third flat plate structure 113 and the inductor 60, the distances between the inner wall of the second protruding structure 117 and the inductor 60, and the distances between the inner wall of the third protruding structure 118 and the inductor 60 are all the same, and the distances can be designed according to insulation requirements and voltage. When the outer surface of the inductor 60 is provided with insulating material, the distance can be set to "0", that is, the inductor 60 is in contact with the third flat plate structure 113, the second protruding structure 117, and the third protruding structure 118 to shorten the heat conduction path between the inductor 60 and the base plate 11. When the outer surface of the inductor 60 is not provided with insulating material, the distance can be set according to the voltage required by the inductor 60. For example, when the voltage is 200V, the distance can be set to 1mm; when the voltage is 400V, the distance can be set to 2mm.

[0091] The fourth chamber 174 includes a second flat plate structure 112 and a fourth protruding structure 119, which together form the fourth chamber 174. The second flat plate structure 112 is disposed opposite to the circuit board 50 along the first direction A. The fourth protruding structure 119 protrudes relative to the second flat plate structure 112 toward the circuit board 50, and connects the second flat plate structure 112 and the fifth flat plate structure 115. The relay 80 is located between the second flat plate structure 112 and the circuit board 50.

[0092] For example, the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 disposed on the first plate structure 111 is greater than the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 disposed on the second plate structure 112. This arrangement increases the heat dissipation area at the first plate structure 111, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation capacity of the switching transistor 90, reducing the risk of explosion of the power converter 1000, and improving the safety of the power converter 1000 in use.

[0093] For example, the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 disposed on the third plate structure 113 and the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 disposed on the fourth plate structure 114 are both greater than the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 disposed on the second plate structure 112. This increases the heat dissipation area at the third plate structure 113 and the fourth plate structure 114, which helps to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the inductor 60 and the capacitor 70, reduces the risk of explosion of the power converter 1000, and improves the safety of the power converter 1000 in use.

[0094] The fifth chamber 175 includes a fifth flat plate structure 115, which forms between the fifth flat plate structure 115 and the cover plate 14 along the first direction A. The fifth flat plate structure 115 connects the fourth protruding structure 119 and the fourth side plate 124. Specifically, both the DC terminal 20 and the AC terminal 30 are disposed on the side of the fifth flat plate structure 115 facing away from the cover plate 14. The DC terminal 20 passes through the fifth flat plate structure 115 and is connected to the circuit board 50. The AC terminal 30 is connected to the circuit board 50 after passing through the fifth flat plate structure 115 in sequence with fasteners.

[0095] Along the first direction A, the distance from the fifth flat plate structure 115 to the circuit board 50 is less than the distance from the second flat plate structure 112 to the circuit board 50. Therefore, there is no need to install a transition device within the fifth chamber 175, and the DC terminal 20 can be directly connected to the circuit board 50, reducing connection losses. Furthermore, along the second direction B, the fourth protruding structure 119 is located between the relay 80 and the DC terminal 20. The fourth protruding structure 119 can effectively reduce the electromagnetic interference of the inductor 60 to the DC terminal 20 and the AC terminal 30, thereby reducing the overall electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the device.

[0096] Specifically, the enclosure 13 is disposed on the side of the fifth flat plate structure 115 away from the cover plate 14. Along the second direction B, the enclosure 13 is disposed opposite to the fourth protrusion structure 119. The enclosure 13, the fifth flat plate structure 115 and the fourth protrusion structure 119 form a receiving cavity 18 with an opening 181. The receiving cavity 18 is used to receive the first end 31 of the DC terminal 20 and the AC terminal 30.

[0097] The enclosure 13 has a "U" shaped structure. The enclosure 13 can protect the DC terminals 20 and AC terminals 30 inside the housing cavity 18, reducing the damage to the DC terminals 20 and AC terminals 30 caused by other substances outside the power converter 1000.

[0098] Along the first direction A, the surrounding plate 13 is disposed between the base plate 11 and the front panel 15, with the surrounding plate 13 and the front panel 15 spaced apart. That is, the receiving cavity 18 is connected to the outside of the power converter 1000 through the opening 181. In this way, the receiving cavity 18 is connected to the outside, which is beneficial for heat dissipation of the DC terminal 20 and AC terminal 30 inside the receiving cavity 18.

[0099] In one embodiment, after the AC terminal 30 is mounted on the fifth flat plate structure 115, the dimension of the AC terminal 30 along the second direction B is larger than the dimension along the third direction C, and larger than the dimension along the first direction A. The first end 31 of the AC terminal 30 passes through the enclosure 13 and connects to the load or power grid, while the second end 32 of the AC terminal 30 is housed in the receiving cavity 18 and connected to the circuit board 50. The first end 31 and the second end 32 of the AC terminal 30 are arranged opposite each other along the second direction B. A through hole 131 is provided on the side wall of the enclosure 13 along the second direction B opposite to the fourth protruding structure 119, for the first end 31 of the AC terminal 30 to pass through. This facilitates a reduction in the height of the power converter 1000 along the first direction A, thus reducing the size of the power converter 1000. Furthermore, compared to the AC terminal 30 being mounted on the side plate 12, the AC terminal 30 is mounted on the fifth flat plate structure 115 and the second end 32 of the AC terminal 30 is housed in the receiving cavity 18. The second end 32 of the AC terminal 30 is recessed relative to the side plate 12, which helps to reduce the size of the entire power converter 1000 along the second direction B.

[0100] In another embodiment, after the AC terminal 30 is mounted on the fifth flat plate structure 115, the dimension of the AC terminal 30 along the third direction C is larger than the dimension of the AC terminal 30 along the second direction B, and also larger than the dimension of the AC terminal 30 along the first direction A. The first end 31 and the second end 32 of the AC terminal 30 are arranged opposite each other along the third direction C, and both the first end 31 and the second end 32 are located within the receiving cavity 18. This arrangement helps to reduce the overall dimension of the power converter 1000 along the second direction B and increase the power density of the power converter 1000. A through hole 131 is provided on one side wall of the enclosure 13 along the third direction C, and the first end 31 of the AC terminal 30 passes through the through hole 131 to connect to the load or the power grid.

[0101] The first side plate 121 and the second side plate 122 are disposed at opposite ends of the base plate 11 along the third direction C. The third side plate 123 and the fourth side plate 124 are disposed at opposite ends of the base plate 11 along the second direction B. The first side plate 121 is connected between the third side plate 123 and the fourth side plate 124, and the second side plate 122 is connected between the third side plate 123 and the fourth side plate 124. Sealing gaskets are provided at the connection points of the first side plate 121 and the third side plate 123, the first side plate 121 and the fourth side plate 124, the second side plate 122 and the third side plate 123, and the second side plate 122 and the fourth side plate 124 to achieve high protection sealing of the power converter 1000.

[0102] In one embodiment, the third side plate 123 and the fourth side plate 124 are integrally formed with the base plate 11. This simplifies the structural form of the outer casing 10, reduces assembly steps, and lowers the manufacturing cost of the power converter 1000. Furthermore, the absence of sealing rubber at the connections between the third side plate 123 and the base plate 11, and between the fourth side plate 124 and the base plate 11, shortens the heat conduction path through the third side plate 123 and the fourth side plate 124 within the power converter 1000. This facilitates shared heat dissipation for all power devices within the housing cavity 17 and improves the heat dissipation performance of the power converter 1000.

[0103] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another power converter 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. (See attached diagram.) Figure 10 As shown, in one embodiment, along the first direction A, the surface of the cover plate 14 facing away from the base plate 11 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation teeth 141. The plurality of heat dissipation teeth 141 are arranged at intervals along the third direction C. In this way, the various power devices in the receiving cavity 17 can be cooled more quickly by the plurality of heat dissipation teeth 141 on the cover plate 14, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation performance of the whole machine.

[0104] In other embodiments, the plurality of heat dissipation teeth 141 may be arranged at intervals along the second direction B.

[0105] Furthermore, the heat dissipation fins 141 located on opposite sides of the cover plate 14 are provided with mounting slots 142 for mounting to a support. For example, along the third direction C, both heat dissipation fins 141 located on opposite sides of the cover plate 14 are provided with mounting slots 142. When mounting the power converter 1000 to the support, it is only necessary to insert the support into the mounting slots 142 to fix the entire unit, reducing the need for additional mounting brackets. That is, there is no need to set up additional mounting brackets to fix the power converter 1000 and then mount it to the support, which helps to reduce the overall cost of the unit.

[0106] In one embodiment, the cover plate 14 can be integrally formed with multiple heat dissipation teeth 141, which helps to reduce assembly steps and lower the manufacturing cost of the power converter 1000.

[0107] In this application, the base plate 11 is provided with multiple heat dissipation fins 16 and the cover plate 14 is provided with multiple heat dissipation teeth 141, so as to realize double-sided heat dissipation of the whole machine, which greatly improves the heat dissipation performance of the whole machine, can effectively reduce the use of fans in the housing cavity 17, which is conducive to reducing noise during operation and improving the service life of the whole machine; and can support greater power in the same volume, achieving higher power density of the whole machine.

[0108] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows an exploded view of the power converter 1000. In an embodiment where the fan 100 is located on the side of the first flat plate structure 111 away from the cover plate 14 and between the heat dissipation fins 16 and the panel 15, the panel 15 includes a plate body 151, a first connecting wall 152, a second connecting wall 153, and a third connecting wall 154. Along a first direction A, the plate body 151 covers a plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 on the base plate 11. The first connecting wall 152 and the second connecting wall 153 are connected to two opposite edges of the plate body 151 along a third direction C. The third connecting wall 154 is connected to the edge of the plate body 151 along a second direction B and is located on the side of the fourth flat plate structure 114 along the second direction B away from the third flat plate structure 113.

[0109] For example, both the first connecting wall 152 and the second connecting wall 153 are provided with a first air inlet 155 and a first air outlet 156. Along the third direction C, the first air inlet 155 is arranged opposite to a plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 of the second flat plate structure 112, and the first air outlet 156 is arranged opposite to a plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 of the third flat plate structure 113.

[0110] Specifically, when the fan 100 is running, external natural air enters between the plate 151 and the base plate 11 through the first air inlet 155, flows through the gaps between the multiple heat dissipation fins 16, and the hot air after exchanging heat with the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 flows out through the first air outlet. Since the heat generated by the inductor 60 and the switching transistor 90 is relatively higher than that of the relay 80, the air temperature outside the inductor 60 and the switching transistor 90 is relatively high. The first air inlet 155 is positioned away from the inductor 60 and the switching transistor 90, and the fan 100 draws natural air from the cooler areas of the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the second flat plate structure 112, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the multiple heat dissipation fins 16. Since the heat generated by the relay 80 is relatively higher than that of the capacitor 70, the placement of the first air inlet 155 allows the cooler external natural air to accelerate the heat dissipation of the relay 80, which helps to quickly reduce the overall temperature inside the housing cavity 17, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the machine. In addition, the placement of the first air outlet 156 can reduce the impact of heat generated by the inductor 60 on other power devices.

[0111] For example, the third connecting wall 154 is provided with a second air inlet 157. Along the second direction B, the second air inlet 157 is arranged opposite to the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the fourth flat plate structure 114. In this way, when the fan 100 is running, the external natural air can also enter the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 through the second air inlet 157, increasing the air intake and accelerating heat dissipation. Moreover, the natural air entering from the second air inlet 157 is at a lower temperature than the natural air entering from the first air inlet 155. Under the action of the fan 100, it flows through the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the fourth flat plate structure 114 and then flows to the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 and the third flat plate structure 113, which helps to accelerate the heat dissipation of the switching tube 90 and the inductor 60. The hot air after heat exchange then flows to the outside from the first air outlet 156.

[0112] In one embodiment, both the first air inlet 155 and the second air inlet 157 can be formed by multiple ventilation holes. The multiple ventilation holes forming the first air inlet 155 cover the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the second flat plate structure 112 along the third direction C, and the multiple ventilation holes forming the second air inlet 157 cover the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the fourth flat plate structure 114 along the second direction B, which can effectively increase the air intake.

[0113] Furthermore, the third connecting wall 154 is connected to one end of the base plate 11 along the second direction B. The third connecting wall 154 and the third side plate 123 are arranged at intervals along the second direction B, and the third connecting wall 154 is further away from the fourth flat plate structure 114 relative to the third side plate 123 along the second direction B. The entire surface of the third connecting wall 154 is provided with ventilation holes, which greatly increases the air intake and improves the heat dissipation performance of the whole machine.

[0114] For example, the first connecting wall 152 and the second connecting wall 153 may also be provided with a third air inlet 158, which is arranged opposite to the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 of the fourth flat plate structure 114 along the third direction C. Similarly, the third air inlet 158 ​​is formed by a plurality of ventilation holes, and the plurality of ventilation holes forming the third air inlet 158 ​​cover the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 of the fourth flat plate structure 114 along the third direction C, thereby further increasing the air intake and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0115] In this application, the first side plate 121 and the first connecting wall 152 are opposite to and connected along the first direction A, and the second side plate 122 and the second connecting wall 153 are opposite to and connected along the first direction A. Both the first side plate 121 and the second side plate 122 are provided with a second air outlet 125. The second air outlet 125 is arranged opposite to the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 along the third direction C. The arrangement of the second air outlet 125 allows the hot air formed after the natural wind exchanges heat with the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 to flow to the outside from the nearest second air outlet 125, reducing the impact of the heat generated by the switching tube 90 on other power devices.

[0116] In one embodiment, the first side plate 121 and the second side plate 122 are further provided with a third air outlet 126. The third air outlet 126 is arranged opposite to the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 of the third flat plate structure 113. The third air outlet 126 is located on the side of the bottom plate 11 away from the circuit board 50, that is, the third air outlet 126 is not connected to the third chamber 173, ensuring the sealing of the receiving cavity 17. In this embodiment, the third air outlet 126 and the first air outlet 156 together form a large-size air outlet. This large-size air outlet is arranged opposite to the plurality of heat dissipation fins 16 at the third flat plate structure 113 along the third direction C, increasing the size of the air outlet at the third flat plate structure 113 along the first direction A, so that the hot air generated after heat exchange can be dissipated to the outside more quickly, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation performance of the whole machine.

[0117] Please combine Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 12 for Figure 10 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the power converter 1000. Further, the power converter 1000 also includes a fixing plate 110, which is disposed between the plate body 151 and multiple heat dissipation fins 16 along a first direction A. The fixing plate 110 covers the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 and the third flat plate structure 113, and is used to mount the fan 100.

[0118] Specifically, when the fan 100 is running, the mounting plate 110 can effectively block the high-temperature natural air from the switching tube 90 and inductor 60 from entering through the first air outlet 156 and the second air outlet 125. This effectively prevents the hot air emitted from the switching tube 90 and inductor 60 from being drawn back to the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 by the fan 100 for heat exchange. This ensures that the fan 100 draws natural air from the outside of the lower-temperature first air inlet 155 and second air inlet 157, making the heat exchange efficiency of the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 higher, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the machine.

[0119] Please combine Figure 11 and Figure 13 , Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows an enlarged view of point XIII in the power converter 1000. The fixing plate 110 can be a flat plate structure. Along the second direction B, one end of the fixing plate 110 abuts against the fourth flat plate structure 114, and the other end of the fixing plate 110 abuts against the heat dissipation fins 16 on the third flat plate structure 113 furthest from the first flat plate structure 111. Furthermore, along the first direction A, there is a gap between the fixing plate 110 and the plate body 151, allowing natural airflow entering from the first air inlet 155 and the second air inlet 157 to pass through this gap and reach the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 and the third flat plate structure 113.

[0120] The power converter 1000 also includes a blocking member 120, which protrudes from the fixed plate 110 on the side facing the heat dissipation fins 16 along the first direction A. The blocking members 120 are located on opposite sides of the fan 100 along the third direction C, and the side of the blocking members 120 away from the fixed plate 110 along the first direction A abuts against the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111. With this arrangement, the natural airflow entering between the first flat plate structure 111 and the plate 151 can enter the gaps between the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 more quickly, and also allows the natural airflow to enter the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the third flat plate structure 113 more quickly for heat exchange, thus improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0121] Furthermore, along the second direction B, the further away the heat dissipation fins 16 of the third plate structure 113 are from the first plate structure 111, the larger the size of the heat dissipation fins 16 of the third plate structure 113 along the first direction A. Since part of the fixing plate 110 is located between the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 and the plate body 151 of the third plate structure 113, along the second direction B, the closer the heat dissipation fins 16 on the third plate structure 113 are to the first plate structure 111, the larger the gap between them and the fixing plate 110 along the first direction A. This can effectively increase the airflow from the first plate structure 111 to the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 on the third plate structure 113, accelerating heat exchange.

[0122] A thermal pad can be placed at the connection point between the pins of the switching transistor 90 and the circuit board 50, wherein the thermal pad is located between the circuit board 50 and the cover plate 14. Along the first direction A, the thermal pad covers the area where the pins of the switching transistor 90 are connected to the circuit board 50, and the heat generated by the switching transistor 90 can be transferred to the cover plate 14 through the thermal pad to achieve natural cooling.

[0123] For example, heat-conducting pads are used to cover areas with concentrated heat, such as the connection between the relay 80 pin and the circuit board 50 and the connection between the inductor 60 pin and the circuit board 50, so that heat can be transferred to the cover plate 14 through the heat-conducting pads.

[0124] For example, a thermal pad located between the circuit board 50 and the cover plate 14 covers the entire circuit board 50, allowing the power devices connected to the circuit board 50 to be naturally cooled through the circuit board 50, the thermal pad, and the cover plate 14, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation performance.

[0125] In the embodiment where the fan 100 and the multiple heat dissipation fins 16 of the first flat plate structure 111 are arranged opposite each other in the third direction C, the side of the panel 15 facing the heat dissipation fins 16 does not need to be provided with a fixing plate 110 and a blocking member 120. External natural wind can enter from the second air outlet 125 and then exit from the first air outlet 156, the first air inlet 155, the second air inlet 157 and the third air inlet 158 ​​of the aforementioned embodiment.

[0126] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0127] The terms "first," "second," and various numerical designations used herein are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0128] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0129] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A power converter, characterized in that, The power converter is used to convert direct current from photovoltaic modules or energy storage batteries into alternating current. The power converter includes a housing, a circuit board, and a capacitor. The housing includes a bottom plate, a side plate, and a cover plate. The bottom plate and the cover plate are disposed opposite to each other along a first direction. The side plate connects the edge of the bottom plate and the edge of the cover plate. The cover plate, the bottom plate, and the side plate form a receiving cavity. The receiving cavity is used to receive the capacitor and the circuit board. The cover plate is used to hang on a support. The surface of the bottom plate opposite to the cover plate is provided with heat dissipation fins. The capacitor is disposed on the circuit board and located between the base plate and the circuit board.

2. The power converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a panel that covers the base plate along the first direction and is spaced apart from the heat dissipation fins.

3. The power converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power converter includes multiple DC terminals for connecting the photovoltaic module or the energy storage battery. The DC terminals pass through the base plate and are connected to the circuit board along the first direction.

4. The power converter according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The power converter includes an AC terminal for connecting to a load or power grid, and the AC terminal is fixed to the side of the base plate opposite to the cover plate.

5. The power converter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power converter includes fasteners that pass through the AC terminals and the base plate in sequence along the first direction and are connected to the circuit board.

6. The power converter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The power converter includes a switching transistor, an inductor, and a relay. The switching transistor, the inductor, and the relay are all disposed on the circuit board and located between the circuit board and the base plate. The receiving cavity includes a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, and a fourth chamber connected in sequence. The first chamber is used to receive the capacitor, the second chamber is used to receive the switching transistor, the third chamber is used to receive the inductor, and the fourth chamber is used to receive the relay. Along the first direction, the dimensions of the first chamber, the third chamber, and the fourth chamber are all larger than the dimension of the second chamber.

7. The power converter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second chamber includes a first flat plate structure, which is disposed opposite to the circuit board along the first direction; the fourth chamber includes a second flat plate structure, which is disposed opposite to the circuit board along the first direction. The arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins disposed on the first plate structure is greater than the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins disposed on the second plate structure.

8. The power converter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plurality of heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure are arranged along the second direction. The power converter includes a fan, which is disposed at one end of the base plate along the third direction and / or the other end of the base plate along the third direction. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The fan and the plurality of heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure are arranged opposite each other in the third direction.

9. The power converter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power converter includes a fan, which is disposed on the side of the first flat plate structure away from the cover plate and between the heat dissipation fins and the panel of the outer casing. The fan and the plurality of heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction.

10. The power converter according to claim 9, characterized in that, The plurality of heat dissipation fins of the base plate are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the third chamber includes a third flat plate structure, which is arranged opposite to the circuit board along the first direction; The panel includes a plate body, a first connecting wall and a second connecting wall, the first connecting wall and the second connecting wall being connected to two opposite edges of the plate body along a third direction, the first direction, the second direction and the third direction being perpendicular to each other; Both the first connecting wall and the second connecting wall are provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet. Along the third direction, the first air inlet is arranged opposite to a plurality of heat dissipation fins of the second flat plate structure, and the first air outlet is arranged opposite to a plurality of heat dissipation fins of the third flat plate structure.

11. The power converter according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first chamber includes a fourth plate structure, which is disposed opposite to the circuit board along the first direction; The panel also includes a third connecting wall, which is connected to the edge of the plate body along the second direction and located on the side of the fourth plate structure opposite to the third plate structure along the second direction. The third connecting wall is provided with a second air inlet, which is arranged opposite to a plurality of heat dissipation fins of the fourth plate structure along the second direction.

12. The power converter according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The plurality of side plates include a first side plate and a second side plate. The first side plate and the second side plate are connected to two opposite edges of the base plate along the third direction. The first side plate is opposite to and connected to the first connecting wall along the first direction. The second side plate is opposite to and connected to the second connecting wall along the first direction. Both the first side plate and the second side plate are provided with a second air outlet. The second air outlet along the third direction is arranged opposite to the plurality of heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure.

13. The power converter according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first side plate and the second side plate are also provided with a third air outlet. The third air outlet is arranged opposite to the plurality of heat dissipation fins of the third flat plate structure. The third air outlet is located on the side of the base plate away from the circuit board.

14. The power converter according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that, The power converter further includes a fixing plate, which is disposed between the plate body and the plurality of heat dissipation fins along the first direction. The fixing plate covers the plurality of heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure and the third flat plate structure, and the fixing plate is used to install the fan.

15. The power converter according to claim 14, characterized in that, The power converter further includes a blocking member, which protrudes from the side of the fixing plate facing the heat dissipation fins along the first direction. The blocking member is disposed on the opposite sides of the fan along the third direction. The side of the blocking member away from the fixing plate along the first direction abuts against the plurality of heat dissipation fins of the first flat plate structure.

16. The power converter according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the further away the heat dissipation fins of the third plate structure are from the first plate structure, the larger the size of the heat dissipation fins of the third plate structure along the first direction.

17. The power converter according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The surface of the cover plate away from the base plate is provided with multiple heat dissipation teeth. Each of the heat dissipation teeth located on opposite sides of the cover plate is provided with a mounting slot, which is used to hang on the support.

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