Accessory for excavator and excavator for train operation

Abstract

The utility model relates to an accessory for an excavator and the excavator for train operation, and the accessory for the excavator comprises a top plate, a side plate, a lug plate, a cutting edge plate and a pushing structure, the side plates are arranged on the peripheral edges of the bottom surface of the top plate; the lug plate is arranged in the middle of the top face of the top plate and used for being detachably connected with the free end of a mechanical arm of the excavator. The cutting edge plate is arranged at the bottom of the side plate, and a plurality of sawteeth are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the cutting edge plate; and the pushing structure is arranged at one end of the top surface of the top plate, when an object is pushed, the pushing structure is unfolded to push the object, and when pushing is finished, the pushing structure is recovered and reset. According to the design of the accessory for the excavator, the production efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, and meanwhile the durability and the reliability of the accessory are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to excavator and excavator accessory technology field for train operation, especially excavator accessory for train operation. BACKGROUND

[0002] There is a kind of operation mode in port operation, which is bulk cargo loading train operation. This operation mode is to load bulk cargo into train compartment by belt or other ways. Because the granular bulk cargo is transported, the compartment door needs to be closed and sealed before loading the cargo to prevent the cargo from spilling during transportation. In this process, the compartment door needs to be closed and sealed after the gap of the door is sealed. Due to the accumulation of goods, the train compartment door may be deformed. In order to ensure the quick closing of the compartment door for locking and sealing, a forklift is needed to assist the operation.

[0003] During the loading process of the train, the loading accuracy is affected by many factors. When the weight of the cargo loaded in the compartment is different from the rated load, the excavator is needed to increase or decrease the load. When the weight of the cargo reaches the transportation standard, the cargo needs to be leveled to prevent the train from being overweight. The traditional cargo leveling operation mainly relies on manual operation. With the progress of science and technology, the leveling operation is usually completed by manual and mechanical cooperation, that is, a scraper type leveling accessory is installed on the excavator, and the leveling of the cargo in the compartment is completed under the command of the worker.

[0004] With the improvement of port service quality, the loading accuracy of the train is increasingly required. The loading accuracy of the train compartment must be strictly controlled below 0.5 tons. Influenced by factors such as loading machinery, worker skill level and cargo flow, it is inevitable that the loading accuracy of individual compartments will exceed the standard, which requires cargo loading operation. That is, another machine or the excavator scraper accessory needs to be replaced with a bucket to grab or supplement the cargo in the compartment to ensure the qualification rate of the trailer. It takes about 1 hour to replace the excavator accessory, and the driver and a maintenance personnel need to cooperate to complete the accessory replacement.

[0005] In summary, during the train operation in the port, two or more people are needed to assist in opening and closing the compartment door, leveling the cargo and loading and unloading. Two or more machines are needed to complete the whole operation.

[0006] With the progress of science and technology and the improvement of industrial efficiency, the requirement for train loading efficiency is also increasing. However, the traditional train operation method, such as using a scraper type trailer to level the trailer, using an excavator bucket to load and unload the cargo, and arranging a forklift to assist in closing the train compartment door, has the problems of frequent resource allocation, high operation cost, and great safety hazards, which seriously restricts the overall efficiency of loading bulk cargo in the train. Specifically, the problems in the traditional loading method mainly exist in the following aspects:

[0007] The continuity of production cannot be guaranteed. The traditional operation process is prone to production stagnation due to frequent adjustment of equipment, replacement of excavator accessories, and command of workers on the carriage, thereby resulting in low operation efficiency.

[0008] The operation cost is high. In the traditional loading method, the flat car operation needs to be guided by the command hand throughout the process, and the labor cost is high. The excavator accessories need to be replaced before loading and unloading operation, thereby increasing the maintenance cost.

[0009] There is a large safety risk. During the flat car operation, the excavator driver cannot fully observe the scraper flat car accessory, and the operation is completed by the worker's command, so there is a large safety risk in the man-machine cooperation operation. The size of the scraper flat car accessory is large, and the length is more than 2 meters, which is easy to collide with the train carriage, causing the carriage to deform, damage, and other accidents.

[0010] The mechanical failure is increased. During the train loading and unloading and flat car operation, the excavator accessories need to be replaced frequently, and the excavator bucket shaft, seal, flange bolt and other parts need to be disassembled, thereby increasing the occurrence of mechanical failure. Practical new type content

[0011] The utility model discloses a excavator accessory and a excavator for train operation to solve at least one technical problem in the background art.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a excavator accessory, which comprises a top plate, a side plate, an ear plate, a blade plate and a push-up structure.

[0013] The side plate is arranged at the bottom surface of the top plate.

[0014] The ear plate is arranged at the top surface of the top plate, and is used for detachably connecting the free end of the mechanical arm of the excavator.

[0015] The blade plate is arranged at the bottom of the side plate, and the bottom of the blade plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of sawteeth.

[0016] The push-up structure is arranged at one end of the top surface of the top plate, and when pushing up the object, the push-up structure is unfolded to push up the object, and when the pushing up is completed, the push-up structure is recovered and reset.

[0017] According to one aspect of the utility model, the top plate is a rhombic plate, and the side plate and the blade plate are rhombic ring structures arranged at the bottom of the top plate.

[0018] The bending part of the side plate is provided with an arc-shaped corner angle.

[0019] According to one aspect of the utility model, the ear plate comprises two support plates arranged at the top plate.

[0020] Two mounting holes are arranged on the two support plates in corresponding intervals, and ear plate seats corresponding to the mounting holes are arranged on the surfaces of the two support plates away from each other.

[0021] According to an aspect of the utility model, the pushing structure comprises: a first support, a turnover shaft, a fork, a second support, a pin shaft and a third support.

[0022] The first support is supported on the top surface of the top plate in intervals, and corresponding insertion holes are arranged on the first support.

[0023] The turnover shaft is connected to the root of the fork, and the two ends of the turnover shaft are inserted into the two insertion holes respectively.

[0024] The second support is supported on the top surface of the top plate in intervals, corresponding pin holes are arranged on the second support, and the second support is arranged in intervals opposite to the first support.

[0025] The pin shaft is detachably inserted into the two pin holes, and when the fork is turned to be parallel to the top surface of the top plate through the turnover shaft in a direction close to the ear plate, the pin shaft is inserted into the two pin holes to lock the fork.

[0026] The third support is supported on the top surface of the top plate in intervals, corresponding through holes are arranged on the third support, and the third support is arranged in intervals opposite to the first support.

[0027] When the fork is turned to be parallel to the top surface of the top plate through the turnover shaft in a direction away from the ear plate, the pin shaft is inserted into the two through holes to lock the fork, so that the fork pushes the object.

[0028] According to an aspect of the utility model, the bottom surface of the top plate is arranged with at least two material taking plates, the two material taking plates are arranged in intervals, the two ends of the two material taking plates are supported on the inner walls of the two side plates respectively, and the trapezoidal hopper capable of cooperating with the action of the excavator is formed by the top plate, the side plates and the two material taking plates.

[0029] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model also provides an excavator for train operation, which comprises the excavator tool and a mechanical arm, and the excavator tool is detachably installed on the free end of the mechanical arm.

[0030] According to the scheme of the utility model, the utility model can assist in closing the compartment door by the forklift, load and unload the goods and perform flat car operation, and the utility model integrates multiple functions in one.

[0031] The fork knife on the tool can be freely turned over, is convenient to operate, high in reliability and does not have any influence on normal operation.

[0032] The utility model discloses a two-layer trapezoidal hopper is designed in the inside space of tool, and the precision of loading and unloading and operation efficiency are improved.

[0033] The design of the sawtooth hole and the arc wrap angle can reduce the contact area and friction between the flat car and the goods, realize the rapid flat car, and reduce the goods accumulation.

[0034] The design of the lower blade plate of the side plate improves the wear resistance of the tool, prolongs the service life, and enhances the maintainability.

[0035] The design of the material taking plate not only enhances the strength of the tool itself, but also improves the precision of loading and unloading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A perspective view of a tool for excavators according to Embodiment 1 of the present application is schematically shown;

[0037] Figure 2 A top view of a tool for excavators according to Embodiment 1 of the present application is schematically shown;

[0038] Figure 3 A bottom view of a tool for excavators according to Embodiment 1 of the present application is schematically shown;

[0039] Figure 4 A structural layout view of an excavator for train operation according to Embodiment 1 of the present application is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present application will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be appreciated that the discussed embodiments are merely for the purpose of enabling those of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and thus implement the present application, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the present application.

[0041] As used herein, the term "comprises" and variations thereof are to be construed as meaning "comprising but not limited to" an open ended term. The term "based on" is to be construed as "based at least in part on." The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be construed as "at least one embodiment."

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present application, a tool for excavators comprises: a top plate, a side plate, an ear plate, a blade plate and a pushing top structure.

[0043] The side plate is arranged around the bottom edge of the top plate.

[0044] The ear plate is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the top plate and is used for detachably connecting the free end of the mechanical arm of the excavator;

[0045] The blade plate is arranged at the bottom of the side plate, the bottom of the blade plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of sawteeth, and sawtooth holes are formed between the sawteeth;

[0046] The push-up structure is arranged at one end of the top surface of the top plate, when an object is pushed up, the push-up structure is unfolded to push up the object, and when the pushing up is completed, the push-up structure is retracted and reset.

[0047] Further, according to an embodiment of the utility model, the top plate is a rhombic plate, and the side plate and the blade plate are rhombic ring structures arranged at the bottom of the top plate;

[0048] The side plate is formed by connecting a plurality of small plates, and the bending part (i.e. the connecting part of the two small plates) of the side plate is provided with an arc-shaped corner.

[0049] Further, according to an embodiment of the utility model, the ear plate comprises two support plates arranged at the top plate at a distance from each other;

[0050] Mounting holes are arranged at a distance from each other on the two support plates, and ear plate seats corresponding to the mounting holes are arranged on the surfaces of the two support plates facing away from each other.

[0051] Further, according to an embodiment of the utility model, the push-up structure comprises a first support, a turnover shaft, a fork, a second support, a pin shaft and a third support;

[0052] The first support is supported at a distance from each other on the top surface of the top plate, and corresponding insertion holes are arranged on the first support;

[0053] The turnover shaft is connected to the root of the fork, and the two ends of the turnover shaft are inserted into the two insertion holes, respectively;

[0054] The second support is supported at a distance from each other on the top surface of the top plate, corresponding pin holes are arranged on the second support, and the second support is arranged at a distance from the first support;

[0055] The pin shaft is detachably inserted into the two pin holes, when the fork is turned to be parallel to the top surface of the top plate by the turnover shaft in a direction close to the ear plate, the pin shaft is inserted into the two pin holes to lock the fork;

[0056] The third support is supported at a distance from each other on the top surface of the top plate, corresponding through holes are arranged on the third support, and the third support is arranged at a distance from the first support;

[0057] When the fork is turned to be parallel to the top surface of the top plate by the turnover shaft in a direction away from the ear plate, the pin shaft is inserted into the two through holes to lock the fork, so that the fork is used to push up the object.

[0058] Further, according to an embodiment of the utility model, the bottom surface of the top plate is arranged with at least two material taking plates, the two material taking plates are arranged at intervals, the two ends of the two material taking plates are respectively supported on the inner walls of the side plates on the two sides, and the trapezoidal hopper capable of cooperating with the action of the excavator to hold and take objects is formed by the top plate, the side plates and the two material taking plates.

[0059] Further, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model also provides an excavator for train operation, which comprises the excavator accessory and further comprises a mechanical arm, and the excavator accessory is detachably mounted on the free end of the mechanical arm.

[0060] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model clearer and more apparent, the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only a best embodiment of the utility model, which is used to explain the utility model and does not limit the protection scope of the utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0061] Embodiment 1

[0062] Figure 1 Schematically represents the perspective view of the excavator accessory according to embodiment 1 of the utility model; Figure 2 Schematically represents the top view of the excavator accessory according to embodiment 1 of the utility model; Figure 3 Schematically represents the bottom view of the excavator accessory according to embodiment 1 of the utility model; Figure 4 Schematically represents the structural arrangement drawing of the excavator for train operation according to embodiment 1 of the utility model. As shown, the excavator for train operation comprises a mechanical arm, an excavator accessory, a high-definition wide-angle camera, a cable and a monitor. Figures 1-4

[0063] The excavator accessory 2 is detachably connected with the mechanical arm 1, one high-definition wide-angle camera 3 is fixed on the top plate 202 of the accessory, is transmitted to the monitor 5 arranged in the cab through the cable 4, and the operation route of the accessory and the blind area positions on the inner side and both sides of the train compartment can be clearly seen by the excavator operator through the monitor 5.

[0064] ​The excavator tool comprises a top plate, a side plate, an ear plate, a blade plate and a pushing structure; the side plate 201 of the tool is welded by using imported HARDOX500 plate material with a thickness of 16 mm, is cut down by flame cutting, is leveled and then is overlapped and welded with the top plate 202, is completed by using carbon dioxide gas shielded welding, the overlapping surfaces of the two small plates 2011 are rolled into arc-shaped wrap angles 206 by a plate rolling machine, and the arc-shaped wrap angles are 60 degrees and 120 degrees respectively. The design ensures that the tool runs flexibly in flat car operation, and greatly reduces the occurrence of collision type car damage accidents with the train compartment. The top plate 202 is made of Q345B steel plate, the plate material is cut into a rhombic plate, is leveled after cutting and then is welded with the side plate 201, and after flaw detection after welding, is treated by shot blasting and then is coated with primer and finish. The ear plate 203 is a reinforced design, is made of high-strength steel Q345B with a thickness of 35 mm and is welded with the top plate 202. In order to avoid cracks and brittle fracture in the welding process, the Q345B and HARDOX500 plate materials are preheated to 150 degrees before welding, and the temperature measuring point is 100 mm away from the weld. The ear plate comprises two spaced-apart support plates, the support plate 2031 is provided with a mounting hole 208, in order to ensure the bearing strength of the tool, the ear plate seat 204 with a thickness of 50 mm is arranged at the outer end of the mounting hole 208 to realize the transition and fit connection with the mechanical arm of the excavator through the pin shaft. The lower part 200 mm of the side plate 201 is a blade plate 207 after hardening treatment, which ensures the durability and anti-fracture performance. The lower part 150 mm of the blade plate 207 is provided with a sawtooth and a sawtooth hole 205, the sawtooth has a tooth width of 120 mm and an interval of 100 mm, and the sawtooth hole 205 is designed to reduce the contact area and friction between the tool and the goods during the flat car process, so as to realize the function of fast flat car and reduce the goods accumulation. This design makes the device more efficient and fast when handling materials, and at the same time, the materials are automatically accumulated into the sawtooth hole when passing through the lower edge of the side plate, forming an effect that the height difference of the materials is not more than 50 mm after one time of leveling, thereby improving the overall handling effect of leveling. When the sawtooth hole 205 of the lower edge of the side plate is worn beyond the limit, the flat car effect is reduced, and at this time, the blade plate 207 of the lower edge of the side plate can be replaced, that is, the whole blade plate is cut off, and the wear-resistant steel plate with a sawtooth hole is welded again. This design can improve the maintenance efficiency and make the device more maintainable. The tool is a rhombic structure, and the end part is provided with an arc-shaped wrap angle 206. After repeated tests, the angle of the front and rear arc-shaped wrap angles is 60 degrees which is the most optimal. This design makes the tool have higher flexibility when leveling goods, can also maintain the appearance quality of the goods and protect the integrity and stability of the goods.

[0065] The upper part of the top plate 202 is provided with a fork knife 305 with a length of 400 mm, one end of which is connected with a turnover shaft 303. When the fork knife 305 is not working, it is turned over to the side of the excavator cab, and is fixed through a pin shaft 301. When it is needed to work, the split pin 302 at one end of the pin shaft 301 is pulled out, the fork knife is horizontally turned over by 180 degrees, that is, the fork knife 305 protrudes 100 mm from the implement 100, the pin shaft 301 is inserted into the through hole 304 and locked by the split pin 302, and the pushing and toppling operation of the goods can be started. The fork knife is designed to be retracted and released, which is convenient to operate, stable in work and does not interfere with the normal flat car and load increasing and decreasing operation.

[0066] The lower part of the implement is provided with a material taking plate 401, which forms a trapezoidal hopper 402 with the implement side plate 201 and the top plate 202. The volume of the two trapezoidal hoppers is 0.03 m 3 and 0.05 m 3 respectively. The material taking operation is realized by means of the arc wrap angle 206 and the inclination of the whole implement. This design is particularly suitable for places where the amount of goods to be grabbed is not large and high precision is required, and is suitable for train load increasing and decreasing conditions. This design not only enhances the structural strength of the implement itself, but also realizes precise load increasing and decreasing operation, avoiding the problem of secondary eccentric load. The two material taking plates 401 can effectively disperse the pressure generated by the goods, ensure that the implement is uniformly stressed, help to prevent damage or deformation of the implement caused by excessive local pressure, and thus maximize the loading rate.

[0067] Working principle: Taking coal loading operation as an example. Coal operation has high requirements for the sealing of the car. First, the auxiliary worker needs to close the car door, the excavator operator pulls out the split pin 302 at the upper end of the implement, pulls out the pin shaft 301, turns over the fork knife, inserts the pin shaft 301 into the front end through hole 304 and locks it with the split pin 302, and then pushes the fork knife 305 against the door frame by operating the boom lifting and walking of the excavator, so that the operator can easily complete the door locking. This device is particularly suitable for situations where the door is deformed and difficult to close, which can greatly reduce the strength of manual operation. After the door is safely locked, polyurethane foaming agent is injected into the door joint to achieve complete sealing of the door, and then the loading of goods can begin. The excavator operator can remove the pin shaft 301, reset the fork knife, insert the pin shaft 301 into the pin hole 307 of the second support 306, and lock it with the split pin 302.

[0068] When the car is full of goods and the loaded goods and the rated load are different, the implement will perform load increasing and decreasing operation of the goods, the operator controls the excavator, controls the bucket oil cylinder to drive the implement to be retracted inward, when the implement approaches vertical positioning, the arc wrap angle 206 of the implement is inserted into the material by the coordinated work of the bucket retraction and the boom oil cylinder lowering, and the material is grabbed by the retraction action of the implement. The trapezoidal hopper 402 is provided with two compartments, with a volume of 0.03 m 3 and 0.05 m 3, the operator can take the material according to the increase or decrease of the load. When the cargo density is 1 t / m 3 When it is necessary to grab about 0.1 tons of cargo, only the lateral trapezoidal hopper 402 of the tool needs to be fully loaded. When both hoppers are fully loaded, the increase or decrease of the load can reach about 0.08 tons. After the grabbing is completed, the operator can realize the unloading of the material by operating the tool to turn it outward. Since the tool is normally parked in a state that the trapezoidal hopper 402 is vertically downward, the phenomenon of cargo sticking and piling is completely avoided, and the accuracy of the increase or decrease of the load is improved. The driver can repeatedly perform the process according to the increase or decrease of the load to gradually adjust the loading amount of the cargo, so as to ensure that the amount of the cargo in the carriage reaches the rated standard. Whether the excess cargo is unloaded or the insufficient part is supplemented, it can be realized through this efficient and delicate operation process, so as to ensure that the amount of the cargo loaded in the carriage meets the rated requirements.

[0069] After the rated loading amount meets the standard, the operator controls the excavator to horizontally place the tool, and realizes the linear swinging of the tool left and right through the rotation of the excavator and the action of the large arm. Since the excavator is located at the central part of the outer edge passage of the train carriage, the contact size of the tool and the material is 1550*1000 mm, and the tool only needs to perform one reciprocating flat car action to complete the leveling work of the cargo in one carriage. In the flat car operation, the driver can clearly see the inside of the tool and the fan-shaped area at both ends through the monitor 5 in the cab, and can realize the operation without dead angle in the train carriage through on-site observation, so as to ensure the safety of production.

[0070] The design of the tool improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost, and the durability and reliability of the tool are improved. The tool is made of high-strength material, and the material taking surface is designed to be wear-resistant, so that it can stably operate for a long time in a harsh working environment. At the same time, it also considers the convenience of maintenance and repair to reduce downtime and improve the service life of the tool. In summary, the advantages of the excavator tool for multi-purpose train operation mainly include high reliability and safety, powerful function, high operation efficiency and simple operation. These advantages make it have high practical value and economic benefits in train operation.

[0071] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model and are not limited. Although the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. An implement for an excavator, characterised in that, The utility model relates to a digging tool for excavator, which comprises a top plate, side plates, ear plates, blade plates and a pushing structure. The side plates are arranged around the bottom edge of the top plate. The ear plates are arranged in the middle of the top surface of the top plate and are used to detachably connect the free end of the mechanical arm of the excavator. The blade plates are arranged at the bottom of the side plates, and the bottom of the blade plates is uniformly provided with a plurality of sawteeth. The pushing structure is arranged at one end of the top surface of the top plate, and when pushing an object, the pushing structure is unfolded to push the object, and when the pushing is completed, the pushing structure is retracted. The top plate is a rhombic plate, and the side plates and the blade plates are rhombic ring structures arranged at the bottom of the top plate.

2. The excavating implement of claim 1, wherein The bending part of the side plate is provided with an arc-shaped corner. The ear plate comprises two support plates arranged at intervals on the top plate.

3. The excavating implement of claim 1, wherein Mounting holes are arranged at intervals on the two support plates, and ear plate seats corresponding to the mounting holes are arranged on the surfaces of the two support plates away from each other. The pushing structure comprises a first support, a turnover shaft, a fork, a second support, a pin shaft and a third support.

4. The excavating implement of claim 1, wherein The first support is supported at intervals on the top surface of the top plate and is provided with corresponding insertion holes. The turnover shaft is connected to the root of the fork and is inserted into the two insertion holes at both ends. The second support is supported at intervals on the top surface of the top plate and is provided with corresponding pin holes, and the second support is arranged at intervals opposite to the first support. The pin shaft is detachably inserted into the two pin holes, and when the fork is turned to be parallel to the top surface of the top plate through the turnover shaft in the direction close to the ear plate, the pin shaft is inserted into the two pin holes to lock the fork. The third support is supported at intervals on the top surface of the top plate and is provided with corresponding through holes, and the third support is arranged at intervals opposite to the first support. When the fork is turned to be parallel to the top surface of the top plate through the turnover shaft in the direction away from the ear plate, the pin shaft is inserted into the two through holes to lock the fork, so that the fork is used to push the object. The bottom surface of the top plate is arranged with at least two material taking plates arranged at intervals, and the two ends of the two material taking plates are supported on the inner walls of the side plates on both sides, respectively, so that a trapezoidal hopper capable of holding objects is formed through the top plate, the side plates and the two material taking plates.

5. The excavating implement according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that The utility model relates to a digging tool for excavator, which comprises a top plate, side plates, ear plates, blade plates and a pushing structure.

6. A shovel for use in train operations, characterized by, The digging tool for excavator is detachably mounted on the free end of the mechanical arm.

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