Micro-charge sensor and voltage-withstanding probe of micro-charge sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a micro-charge sensor and a voltage-withstanding probe of the micro-charge sensor. The device comprises a voltage-withstanding probe and a signal processing device, the voltage-withstanding probe comprises a signal shielding shell, a micro-charge induction probe rod, a current output structure and an insulation sealing bush, the signal shielding shell comprises a shell and a connector, and the two ends of the connector are connected with the shell and a corresponding natural gas pipeline through corresponding threaded connection structures respectively. The micro-charge induction probe rod is sleeved in the connecting joint through the insulating sealing bush, one end of the micro-charge induction probe rod extends into the shell, and the other end of the micro-charge induction probe rod extends into the corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline; the current output structure is arranged in the shell and is connected with the micro-charge induction probe rod; the insulation sealing bush is provided with a first T-shaped insulation sealing bush and a second T-shaped insulation sealing bush; the first T-shaped insulation sealing bush is sleeved between the micro-charge induction probe rod and the shell; the second T-shaped insulation sealing bush is sleeved between the micro-charge induction probe rod and the connecting joint; and a positioning flange is arranged on the micro-charge induction probe rod.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of micro electric charge sensor and the voltage-withstanding probe of micro electric charge sensor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Natural gas is one of the important sources of modern energy, and it has strict requirements on cleanliness during transportation and use. Solid impurities (such as iron filings) and liquid impurities (such as condensed oil and the like) contained in natural gas not only affect the quality of natural gas, but also can cause serious blockage, corrosion or wear to the pipeline and related equipment, and even threaten the safe operation of the transportation system. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration in the pipeline natural gas is of great significance to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the natural gas transportation system.

[0003] In the prior art, natural gas impurity monitoring mainly relies on sampling analysis or online monitoring equipment. The sampling analysis method requires manual sampling at regular intervals and sending to the laboratory for detection. Although this method is relatively accurate, it has problems such as sampling delay, poor real-time performance, and inability to monitor online, which makes it difficult to meet the real-time monitoring needs of modern natural gas transportation systems. Online monitoring equipment is mostly based on optical, ultrasonic, pressure difference and other detection principles for monitoring the impurity concentration in the pipeline.

[0004] However, these online monitoring technologies often have the following shortcomings: 1) low measurement accuracy: traditional turbidity meters or optical sensors are easily affected by liquid impurities in natural gas, resulting in distorted measurement results; 2) poor reliability: in the natural gas transportation environment with medium-high pressure (6-12 MPa), the sealing performance of the sensor is difficult to guarantee, and leakage is likely to occur, posing a safety hazard; 3) weak discrimination ability: it is difficult to effectively distinguish between solid impurities and liquid impurities, which is not conducive to taking targeted measures. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system that can work stably in the natural gas transportation environment, has high measurement accuracy and can realize multi-point monitoring.

[0005] Micro electric charge sensing technology has been applied in the field of particulate matter detection due to its fast response, high particulate matter concentration detection accuracy and other advantages (for a description of micro electric charge sensing technology, please refer to the applicant's explanations in CN110836839A and CN112362118A). However, when this technology is applied to natural gas pipeline impurity monitoring, there are still problems such as insufficient pressure sealing performance of micro electric charge sensor probe, unreasonable measurement point arrangement, and inability to effectively distinguish between solid impurities and liquid impurities, which restricts the popularization and application of this technology in the field of natural gas pipeline transportation. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] The utility model discloses a kind of pipe transport natural gas solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring systems based on micro-charge induction technology, solve the technical problem that micro-charge induction technology is applied to natural gas pipeline impurity monitoring when micro-charge sensor probe pressure-resistant sealing performance is insufficient, measurement point is not arranged reasonably, cannot effectively distinguish solid-phase impurity and liquid-phase impurity.In addition, the utility model will also provide a kind of micro-charge sensor and micro-charge sensor's pressure-resistant probe that can be used in the above pipe transport natural gas solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system based on micro-charge induction technology.

[0007] The first aspect provides a micro-charge sensing technology-based solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system for pipe-transported natural gas, comprising a monitoring system and a plurality of micro-charge sensor groups arranged in at least one natural gas station of a natural gas transportation pipeline, each of the micro-charge sensor groups is arranged on each of a plurality of parallelly arranged natural gas distribution flow paths in the natural gas station, a primary filter and a secondary filter are arranged in series on each of the natural gas distribution flow paths, the solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency α1 of the primary filter and the solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency α2 of the secondary filter are preset, and the liquid-phase impurity filtration efficiency η1 of the primary filter and the liquid-phase impurity filtration efficiency η2 of the secondary filter are different, each micro-charge sensor group has a first micro-charge sensor arranged at the inlet of the primary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path, a second micro-charge sensor arranged at the outlet of the primary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path or the inlet of the secondary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path, and a third micro-charge sensor arranged at the outlet of the secondary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path, the first micro-charge sensor, the second micro-charge sensor and the third micro-charge sensor each comprise a pressure-resistant probe and a signal processing device, the pressure-resistant probe is inserted into the corresponding natural gas pipeline and generates and outputs a current signal when the particulate matter in the corresponding natural gas pipeline passes through the pressure-resistant probe, the current signal is used as the input signal of the corresponding signal processing device, and the signal processing device is used to convert the received current signal into a collection signal and output to the monitoring system, the pressure-resistant probe comprises a signal shielding shell, a micro-charge sensing probe rod, a current output structure and an insulating sealing bushing, the signal shielding shell comprises a shell body and a connecting joint, the two ends of the connecting joint are connected with the shell body and the corresponding natural gas pipeline through corresponding threaded connection structures, the micro-charge sensing probe rod is sleeved in the connecting joint through the insulating sealing bushing and has one end extending into the shell body and the other end extending into the corresponding natural gas pipeline, the current output structure is installed in the shell body and connected with the micro-charge sensing probe rod, the insulating sealing bushing has a first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing sleeved between the micro-charge sensing probe rod and the shell body and a second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing sleeved between the micro-charge sensing probe rod and the connecting joint, the micro-charge sensing probe rod is provided with a positioning flange, the shell body is provided with a first positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a first side of the positioning flange, the connecting joint is provided with a second positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a second side of the positioning flange, the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is axially pre-tightened between the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms an end face sealing pair with the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively, and the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is axially pre-tightened between the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms an end face sealing pair with the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively.

[0008] In a long-distance natural gas pipeline, a natural gas station is usually built every few hundred kilometers for gas filtration, pressure regulation and flow control. In these natural gas stations, it is a common engineering arrangement to use multiple parallel natural gas distribution flow paths, and it is a standard filtration scheme to use a primary filter and a secondary filter in series on each natural gas distribution flow path. Generally speaking, the primary filter is a cyclone dust collector, and the secondary filter is a filter element filter. The solid impurity filtration efficiency α1 of the primary filter and the solid impurity filtration efficiency α2 of the secondary filter are preset, for example, the solid impurity filtration efficiency α1 of the cyclone dust collector is usually about 90%, and the solid impurity filtration efficiency α2 of the filter element filter is usually about 99.9%. When the liquid impurity filtration efficiency η1 of the primary filter and the liquid impurity filtration efficiency η2 of the secondary filter are different, this difference provides conditions for solving.

[0009] Specifically, when each micro-charge sensor group has a first micro-charge sensor located at the inlet of a primary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path, a second micro-charge sensor located at the outlet of the primary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path or at the inlet of a secondary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path, and a third micro-charge sensor located at the outlet of the secondary filter of the natural gas distribution flow path, the total concentration measurement A obtained by the first micro-charge sensor is equal to the sum of the liquid phase concentration x and the solid phase concentration y. After passing through the primary filter, the second micro-charge sensor obtains a total concentration measurement B, at this time the liquid phase impurities are intercepted by the filter with a filtering efficiency of η1, and the solid phase impurities are intercepted by the primary filter with a filtering efficiency of α1 (such as 90%), so B is equal to the sum of the concentration of the liquid phase impurities after the primary filter and the concentration of the solid phase impurities after the primary filter. Similarly, after passing through the secondary filter, the third micro-charge sensor obtains a total concentration measurement C, at this time the liquid phase impurities and the solid phase impurities are further intercepted by the second filter with a liquid phase impurity filtering efficiency of η2 and a solid phase impurity filtering efficiency of α2 (such as 99.9%) respectively. When solving, first use the equation at the inlet [x+y=A] to express the solid phase concentration y with the liquid phase concentration x. Then substitute this relationship into the equation after the primary filter [x(1-η1)+y(1-α1)=B], and after rearrangement, a first expression of the liquid phase concentration x can be obtained. Similarly, substitute the relationship between y and x into the equation after the secondary filter [x(1-η1)(1-η2)+y(1-α1)(1-α2)=C], and after rearrangement, a second expression of the liquid phase concentration x can be obtained. Since the two expressions represent the same liquid phase concentration x, they are equal, and thus an equation containing only η1 can be established. In this equation, the total concentration measurements A, B, and C are known, the solid phase impurity filtering efficiency α1 of the primary filter and the solid phase impurity filtering efficiency α2 of the secondary filter are preset known parameters, and the liquid phase impurity filtering efficiency η2 of the secondary filter is also preset. By solving this equation, the liquid phase impurity filtering efficiency η1 of the primary filter can be obtained. After obtaining η1, substitute it back into the expression of the liquid phase concentration x to calculate the liquid phase concentration x at the inlet, and then use the relationship between the total concentration at the inlet and the liquid phase concentration to calculate the solid phase concentration y. In this way, the separate monitoring of the solid-liquid two-phase impurities is realized.

[0010] In addition, the structural design of the pressure-resistant probe realizes the pressure-resistant sealing function of the micro-charge induction probe in the corresponding natural gas pipeline. Specifically, the pressure-resistant probe adopts a first T-shaped insulation sealing bushing and a second T-shaped insulation sealing bushing to be respectively sleeved between the micro-charge induction probe and the shell and between the micro-charge induction probe and the connecting joint, wherein the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulation sealing bushing is installed between the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange by the axial compression mode and forms end face sealing pairs with the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively, and the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulation sealing bushing is installed between the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange by the axial compression mode and forms end face sealing pairs with the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively. The double T-shaped sealing structure cooperates with the axial pre-tightening design between the positioning flange on the micro-charge induction probe and the shell and the connecting joint, which not only ensures the reliability of the sealing, but also provides stable sealing performance through the end face sealing pair design of the T-shaped head, effectively preventing the leakage of natural gas.

[0011] In a second aspect, a micro-charge sensor is provided, which comprises a pressure-resistant probe inserted into a corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline (such as the aforementioned natural gas pipeline) and generates and outputs a current signal when the particulate matter in the corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline passes through the pressure-resistant probe, the current signal serving as an input signal for a corresponding signal processing device, the signal processing device being used to convert the received current signal into a collection signal and output; the pressure-resistant probe comprises a signal shielding shell, a micro-charge induction probe, a current output structure and an insulation sealing bushing, the signal shielding shell comprises a shell and a connecting joint, both ends of the connecting joint are connected to the shell and the corresponding natural gas pipeline through corresponding threaded connection structures respectively, the micro-charge induction probe is sleeved in the connecting joint through the insulation sealing bushing and one end of the micro-charge induction probe extends into the shell while the other end extends into the corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline, the current output structure is installed in the shell and connected to the micro-charge induction probe, the insulation sealing bushing has a first T-shaped insulation sealing bushing for sleeving between the micro-charge induction probe and the shell and a second T-shaped insulation sealing bushing for sleeving between the micro-charge induction probe and the connecting joint, the micro-charge induction probe is provided with a positioning flange, the shell is provided with a first positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a first side of the positioning flange, and the connecting joint is provided with a second positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a second side of the positioning flange, the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulation sealing bushing is axially compressed between the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms end face sealing pairs with the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively, and the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulation sealing bushing is axially compressed between the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms end face sealing pairs with the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively.

[0012] In a third aspect, a voltage-proof probe of a micro-charge sensor is provided, comprising a signal shielding shell, a micro-charge sensing probe rod, a current output structure and an insulating sealing bushing, the signal shielding shell comprises a shell body and a connecting joint, two ends of the connecting joint are connected with the shell body and a corresponding natural gas pipeline respectively through corresponding threaded connection structures, the micro-charge sensing probe rod is sleeved in the connecting joint through the insulating sealing bushing and one end of the micro-charge sensing probe rod extends into the shell body while the other end extends into the corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline (for example, the aforementioned natural gas pipeline), the current output structure is installed in the shell body and connected with the micro-charge sensing probe rod, the insulating sealing bushing has a first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing for sleeving between the micro-charge sensing probe rod and the shell body and a second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing for sleeving between the micro-charge sensing probe rod and the connecting joint, the micro-charge sensing probe rod is provided with a positioning flange, the shell body is provided with a first positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a first side of the positioning flange, the connecting joint is provided with a second positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a second side of the positioning flange, the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is axially pre-tightened between the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms an end face sealing pair with the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively, and the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is axially pre-tightened between the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms an end face sealing pair with the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively.

[0013] The utility model is further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. The additional aspects and advantages provided by the utility model are partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or are learned by practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings constituting a part of this specification are used to assist the understanding of the utility model, and the content provided by the drawings and the related description in the specification can be used to explain the utility model, but do not constitute improper limitation on the utility model.

[0015] Figure 1 It is the installation position schematic view of first micro-charge sensor, second micro-charge sensor and third micro-charge sensor in an embodiment of a kind of micro-charge sensing technology-based pipe transportation natural gas solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system in the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 It is the connection relation schematic view of voltage-proof probe of each micro-charge sensor, signal processing device and monitoring system in an embodiment of a kind of micro-charge sensing technology-based pipe transportation natural gas solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system in the utility model.

[0017] Figure 3It is the structure schematic view of the embodiment 1 of the voltage-withstanding type probe of the micro electric charge sensor in the utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic view of the embodiment 2 of the voltage-withstanding type probe of the micro electric charge sensor in the utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic view of the embodiment 3 of the voltage-withstanding type probe of the micro electric charge sensor in the utility model.

[0020] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic view of the embodiment 4 of the voltage-withstanding type probe of the micro electric charge sensor in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model will be clearly and completely explained below in combination with the drawings. The person skilled in the art will be able to realize the utility model based on these explanations. Before the utility model is explained in combination with the drawings, it needs to be specially pointed out that:

[0022] The technical solutions and technical features provided in each part including the following explanations can be combined mutually in the case of no conflict. In addition, in the case of possibility, these technical solutions, technical features and relevant combinations can be endowed with specific technical subject and be protected by relevant patents.

[0023] The utility model embodiments involved in the following explanations are generally only a part of the embodiments but not all the embodiments, and based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without making creative labor should belong to the scope of patent protection.

[0024] The terms "include", "contain", "have" and any variation thereof in the specification and corresponding claims and relevant part are intended to cover the non-exclusive inclusion. Other relevant terms and units can be reasonably explained based on the relevant content provided in the specification.

[0025] Figure 1 It is the installation position schematic view of the first micro electric charge sensor, the second micro electric charge sensor and the third micro electric charge sensor in the embodiment of the utility model of a kind of pipe transport natural gas solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system based on micro electric charge induction technology. Figure 2 It is the connection relationship schematic view of voltage-withstanding type probe, signal processing device and monitoring system of each micro electric charge sensor in the embodiment of the utility model of a kind of pipe transport natural gas solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system based on micro electric charge induction technology. For example Figures 1-2As shown, the micro-charge induction technology-based pipe transportation natural gas solid-liquid two-phase impurity concentration monitoring system includes a monitoring system 5 and a plurality of micro-charge sensor groups arranged in at least one natural gas station 1 on the natural gas transportation pipeline. Each micro-charge sensor group in the plurality of micro-charge sensor groups is arranged on each natural gas distribution flow path arranged side by side in the natural gas station. A primary filter 11 and a secondary filter 12 are arranged in series on each natural gas distribution flow path. The solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency a1 of the primary filter 11 and the solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency a2 of the secondary filter 12 are preset. The liquid-phase impurity filtration efficiency η1 of the primary filter 11 and the liquid-phase impurity filtration efficiency η2 of the secondary filter 12 are different. Each micro-charge sensor group has a first micro-charge sensor 21 located at the inlet of the primary filter 11 of the natural gas distribution flow path, a second micro-charge sensor 22 located at the outlet of the primary filter 11 of the natural gas distribution flow path or the inlet of the secondary filter 12 of the natural gas distribution flow path, and a third micro-charge sensor 23 located at the outlet of the secondary filter 12 of the natural gas distribution flow path. The first micro-charge sensor 21, the second micro-charge sensor 22, and the third micro-charge sensor 23 each include a pressure-resistant probe 3 and a signal processing device 4. The pressure-resistant probe 3 is inserted into the corresponding natural gas pipeline and generates and outputs a current signal when the particulate matter in the corresponding natural gas pipeline passes through the pressure-resistant probe 3. The current signal is used as the input signal of the corresponding signal processing device 4. The signal processing device is used to convert the received current signal into a collection signal and output to the monitoring system 5.

[0026] On a long-distance natural gas transportation pipeline, a natural gas station is usually built every few hundred kilometers for gas filtration, pressure regulation, and flow control. In these natural gas stations, it is a common engineering arrangement to use multiple natural gas distribution flow paths arranged side by side, and it is a standard filtration scheme to arrange a primary filter 11 and a secondary filter 12 in series on each natural gas distribution flow path. Generally, the primary filter is a cyclone dust collector, and the secondary filter is a filter core filter. The solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency a1 of the primary filter and the solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency a2 of the secondary filter are preset. For example, the solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency a1 of the cyclone dust collector is usually about 90%, and the solid-phase impurity filtration efficiency a2 of the filter core filter is usually about 99.9%. When the liquid-phase impurity filtration efficiency η1 of the primary filter and the liquid-phase impurity filtration efficiency η2 of the secondary filter are different, this difference provides conditions for solving.

[0027] Specifically, when each micro-charge sensor group has a first micro-charge sensor 21 located at the inlet of a primary filter 11 of the natural gas distribution flow path, a second micro-charge sensor 22 located at the outlet of the primary filter 11 of the natural gas distribution flow path or the inlet of a secondary filter 12 of the natural gas distribution flow path, and a third micro-charge sensor 23 located at the outlet of the secondary filter 12 of the natural gas distribution flow path, if it is given that: a first micro-charge sensor total concentration measurement value A; a second micro-charge sensor total concentration measurement value B; a third micro-charge sensor total concentration measurement value C; a primary filter liquid phase impurity filtration efficiency η1; a secondary filter liquid phase impurity filtration efficiency η2; a primary filter solid phase impurity filtration efficiency α1 (such as 90%); a secondary filter solid phase impurity filtration efficiency α2 (such as 99.9%); x is the liquid phase concentration at the inlet; y is the solid phase concentration at the inlet; then the following can be obtained:

[0028] x + y = A (1)

[0029] x(1-η1) + y(1-α1) = B (2)

[0030] x(1-η1)(1-η2) + y(1-α1)(1-α2) = C (3)

[0031] From equation (1), y = A - x;

[0032] Substitute equation (2):

[0033] x(1-η1) + (A - x)(1-α1) = B

[0034] x(1-η1) + A(1-α1) - x(1-α1) = B

[0035] x[(1-η1) - (1-α1)] = B - A(1-α1)

[0036] x(α1-η1) = B - A(1-α1)

[0037] x = [B - A(1-α1)] / (α1-η1) (4)

[0038] Substitute equation (3):

[0039] x(1-η1)(1-η2) + (A - x)(1-α1)(1-α2) = C

[0040] After simplification, we get:

[0041] x[(1-η1)(1-η2) - (1-α1)(1-α2)] = C - A(1-α1)(1-α2) (5)

[0042] From equation (4) and equation (5), we get:

[0043] [B-A(1-α1)] / (α1-η1)=[C-A(1-α1)(1-α2)] / [(1-η1)(1-η2)-(1-α1)(1-α2)]

[0044] This equation can be solved for the liquid phase impurity filtering efficiency η1 of the primary filter, and then the following can be obtained:

[0045] The liquid phase concentration x at the inlet is [B-A(1-α1)] / (α1-η1), and the solid phase concentration y at the inlet is A-x. In this way, the monitoring of the solid-liquid two-phase impurities is realized.

[0046] Since the solid phase impurity filtering efficiency α1 of the primary filter 11 and the solid phase impurity filtering efficiency α2 of the secondary filter 12 change with factors such as the length of use of the filter, fluctuations in inlet pressure, changes in gas flow, temperature changes, and impurity particle characteristics, the accuracy of the calculation results based on the equation set is affected. Therefore, as an improvement, the monitoring system generates the solid phase impurity content and the liquid phase impurity content of the natural gas according to a pre-trained AI model; the AI model is trained by the following method: under a plurality of preset solid phase impurity and liquid phase impurity ratio conditions, corresponding natural gas samples are collected, and the solid phase impurity content and the liquid phase impurity content in each natural gas sample are recorded as label data; the collection signals of the first micro charge sensor, the second micro charge sensor, and the third micro charge sensor corresponding to each natural gas sample are feature extracted, the features include collection signal amplitude features, frequency domain features obtained by fast Fourier transform, collection signal waveform features, and collection signal energy features, and the solid phase impurity content and the liquid phase impurity content calculated according to the solid phase impurity filtering efficiency α1 of the primary filter, the solid phase impurity filtering efficiency α2 of the secondary filter, the liquid phase impurity filtering efficiency η1 of the primary filter, and the liquid phase impurity filtering efficiency η2 of the secondary filter are used as supplementary features, the feature data obtained by the feature extraction and the supplementary features are used as inputs, the corresponding solid phase impurity content and liquid phase impurity content are used as outputs, and a training data set is constructed; a neural network model is trained using the training data set, the neural network model includes a feature extraction layer and a prediction layer, the feature extraction layer is used for dimension reduction and feature fusion of the input feature data, the prediction layer is used for outputting the solid phase impurity content and the liquid phase impurity content, and the neural network model parameters are optimized by a back propagation algorithm until convergence.

[0047] The changes of the solid-phase impurity filtering efficiency a1 of the primary filter 11 and the solid-phase impurity filtering efficiency a2 of the secondary filter 12 affect the accuracy of the solution of the equation set, while the AI model, in addition to using the basic measurement values of the first micro-charge sensor 21, the second micro-charge sensor 22 and the third micro-charge sensor 23, also obtains richer information such as signal amplitude feature, frequency domain feature, waveform feature and energy feature through feature extraction, and through the dimension reduction and feature fusion of the feature extraction layer of the neural network model, the natural gas solid-phase impurity content and the natural gas liquid-phase impurity content are output by the prediction layer, so that the changes of a1 and a2 can be better adapted to improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0048] Specifically, during the training of the above AI model, 50 groups of sample data with different proportions need to be set in a standard laboratory environment during the data preparation stage, wherein the solid-phase impurity content is from 5 to 50 mg / m³, the liquid-phase impurity content is from 5 to 50 mg / m³, each group of proportion is repeated for 3 times for considering random error, a total of 150 samples are obtained, and 1 second of data is collected by the first micro-charge sensor 21, the second micro-charge sensor 22 and the third micro-charge sensor 23 for each sample, and the sampling frequency is set to 1000 Hz.

[0049] The feature extraction stage includes two parts: first, four types of features are extracted from the original signals collected by each sensor respectively: amplitude features (including average value, standard deviation, maximum value, minimum value and peak-to-peak value), frequency domain features (taking the first 10 main frequency components) obtained by fast Fourier transform, waveform features (including average slope, rising point proportion and peak position) and energy features (including signal energy square sum and absolute value sum); in this way, each sensor can obtain 20 feature values; second, according to the solid-phase impurity filtering efficiency a1 of the primary filter, the solid-phase impurity filtering efficiency a2 of the secondary filter, the liquid-phase impurity filtering efficiency η1 of the primary filter and the liquid-phase impurity filtering efficiency η2 of the secondary filter, the solid-phase impurity content and the liquid-phase impurity content calculated by the equation set are used as supplementary features.

[0050] The neural network structure adopts a typical three-layer feedforward neural network, the input layer contains 62 nodes (corresponding to 20 features of three sensors and 2 supplementary features), the first hidden layer contains 64 nodes and uses ReLU activation function, the second hidden layer contains 32 nodes and also uses ReLU activation function, and finally the output layer contains 2 nodes corresponding to the predicted values of the solid-phase and liquid-phase impurity contents.

[0051] The training process first randomly divides 150 samples into a training set and a validation set in a 7:3 ratio, then selects mean square error as the loss function, adopts the Adam optimization algorithm for parameter optimization (the initial learning rate is set to 0.001), a total of 1000 rounds of training are performed, each round uses all training data, and an early stopping mechanism is set, that is, when the validation set error does not improve for 10 consecutive rounds, the training is stopped in advance.

[0052] In actual application, the real-time signals collected by the three micro-charge sensors are extracted according to the same method as during training, and the supplementary features based on filtering efficiency are calculated at the same time, all the features are input into the trained neural network model, and the prediction values of the solid impurity content and the liquid impurity content in the current natural gas can be obtained, and the whole process can realize real-time monitoring.

[0053] In order to further improve the accuracy and robustness of the model, the following aspects can be optimized: expanding the sample size and ensuring that the samples cover a wider range of working conditions, exploring more effective signal features, optimizing the calculation method of supplementary features, adjusting the number of layers and the number of nodes in each layer of the neural network, using cross-validation to more accurately evaluate the performance of the model, and considering temperature, pressure and other environmental parameters as additional input features.

[0054] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the embodiment 1 of the voltage-withstanding probe of the micro-charge sensor in the utility model. Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the embodiment 2 of the voltage-withstanding probe of the micro-charge sensor in the utility model. Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the embodiment 3 of the voltage-withstanding probe of the micro-charge sensor in the utility model. Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the embodiment 4 of the voltage-withstanding probe of the micro-charge sensor in the utility model. Figures 3-6As shown, the pressure-resistant probe comprises a signal shielding shell 31, a micro-charge sensing probe rod 32, a current output structure and an insulating sealing bushing, the signal shielding shell 31 comprises a shell body 311 and a connecting joint 312, two ends of the connecting joint 312 are connected with the shell body 311 and a corresponding natural gas pipeline through corresponding threaded connection structures, the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 is sleeved in the connecting joint 312 through the insulating sealing bushing and one end of the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 extends into the shell body 311 while the other end extends into the corresponding natural gas pipeline, the current output structure is installed in the shell body 311 and connected with the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32, the insulating sealing bushing has a first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 33 for sleeving between the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 and the shell body 311 and a second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 34 for sleeving between the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 and the connecting joint 312, the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 is provided with a positioning flange 321, the shell body 311 is provided with a first positioning shoulder 35 axially pre-tightened with a first side of the positioning flange 321, the connecting joint 312 is provided with a second positioning shoulder 36 axially pre-tightened with a second side of the positioning flange 321, a T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 33 is axially compressed between the first positioning shoulder 35 and the positioning flange 321 and forms end face sealing pairs with the first positioning shoulder 35 and the positioning flange 321 respectively, a T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 34 is axially compressed between the second positioning shoulder 36 and the positioning flange 321 and forms end face sealing pairs with the second positioning shoulder 36 and the positioning flange 321 respectively.

[0055] The pressure-resistant probe adopts the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 33 and the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 34 to be sleeved between the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 and the shell body 311 and between the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 and the connecting joint 312 respectively, wherein the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 33 is installed between the first positioning shoulder 35 and the positioning flange 321 through an axial compression mode and forms end face sealing pairs with them respectively, the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 34 is installed between the second positioning shoulder 36 and the positioning flange 321 through an axial compression mode and forms end face sealing pairs with them respectively, the double T-shaped sealing structure cooperates with the axial pre-tightening design between the positioning flange 321 on the micro-charge sensing probe rod 32 and the shell body 311 and the connecting joint 312, which not only ensures the reliability of the sealing but also provides stable sealing performance through the end face sealing pair design of the T-shaped head to effectively prevent the leakage of natural gas.

[0056] Optionally, the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 33 and the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 34 are made of ceramic or plastic. For example, the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 33 and the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing 34 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin or polyether ether ketone.

[0057] As shown in Figure 3 the inner hole of the connecting joint 312 in the pressure-resistant probe of embodiment 1 is a stepped hole, the counterbore part of the stepped hole forms the second positioning shoulder 36, and the outer periphery of the second T-shaped insulation sealing bush 34 is connected with the small hole passage of the stepped hole through the thread structure matched with each other.

[0058] In the pressure-resistant probe structure of embodiment 1, the inner hole of the connecting joint 312 adopts the stepped hole design, the second positioning shoulder 36 is directly formed through the counterbore part of the stepped hole, and the thread structure matched with each other is arranged between the outer periphery of the second T-shaped insulation sealing bush 34 and the small hole passage of the stepped hole, which omits the process of additionally processing the second positioning shoulder and can accurately control the axial pressing force of the second T-shaped insulation sealing bush 34 through the thread structure, so as to ensure that the T-shaped head can reliably form a stable end face sealing pair between the second positioning shoulder 36 and the positioning flange 321.

[0059] In addition, as shown in Figure 3 the edge of the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulation sealing bush 34 has a radial sealing part surrounding the outer periphery of the positioning flange 321. The radial sealing part surrounding the outer periphery of the positioning flange 321 is arranged at the edge of the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulation sealing bush 34, so that the radial sealing is realized by the fit of the radial sealing part and the outer periphery of the positioning flange 321, thereby forming double sealing protection of the end face and the radial direction, and further improving the reliability and stability of the overall sealing.

[0060] Of course, the radial sealing part can also be arranged at the edge of the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulation sealing bush 33 and surround the outer periphery of the positioning flange 321.

[0061] As shown in Figure 4 the one end face of the connecting joint 312 in the pressure-resistant probe of embodiment 2 serves as the second positioning shoulder; the signal shielding shell further comprises an intermediate joint 313 connected between the shell 311 and the connecting joint 312, the two ends of the intermediate joint 313 are connected with the shell 311 and the connecting joint 312 through the corresponding thread connection structures respectively; and the first positioning shoulder 35 is arranged in the intermediate joint.

[0062] The pressure-resistant probe of embodiment 2 sets the first positioning shoulder 35 in the intermediate joint 313 through the design of adding the intermediate joint 313 in the signal shielding shell, and connects the intermediate joint 313 with the shell 311 and the connecting joint 312 through the thread connection structures respectively, so that when maintenance or replacement of components is needed, the corresponding thread connection can be disassembled to improve the maintainability of the equipment.

[0063] In addition, asFigure 4 As shown in the figure, the micro-charge induction probe rod 32 is composed of a first rod body 322 and a second rod body 323 which are detachably connected in butt joint, and the positioning flange 321 is integrally arranged on the first rod body 322, and the first T-shaped insulating sealing bush 33 is sleeved between the first rod body 322 and the shell 311.

[0064] The micro-charge induction probe rod 32 adopts a split structure of the detachable butt joint of the first rod body 322 and the second rod body 323, and the positioning flange 321 is integrally arranged on the first rod body 322, so that the length of the micro-charge induction probe rod 32 can be adjusted by replacing the second rod body 323 with different lengths.

[0065] Correspondingly, the second T-shaped insulating sealing bush 34 can be composed of a head and a neck which are detachably connected in butt joint (specifically, the screw connection can be adopted), and the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bush 34 is integrally arranged on the head, so as to adapt to the second rod body 323 with different lengths by replacing the neck with different lengths.

[0066] As shown in the figure, Figures 4-5 In the pressure-resistant type probe of Example 3 and the pressure-resistant type probe of Example 4, the second T-shaped insulating sealing bush 34 completely wraps the micro-charge induction probe rod 32. In the pressure-resistant type probe of Example 3, the second T-shaped insulating sealing bush 34 adopts a combined structure to close the micro-charge induction probe rod 32, and in the pressure-resistant type probe of Example 4, the second T-shaped insulating sealing bush 34 adopts an integral structure to close the micro-charge induction probe rod 32.

[0067] The above describes the related content of the present application. The ordinary skilled in the art can implement the present application based on the above description. Based on the above description of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor shall belong to the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A micro-charge sensor, characterized by: The application relates to a pressure-resistant probe and a signal processing device, wherein the pressure-resistant probe is inserted into a corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline and generates and outputs an electric current signal when particles in the corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline pass through the pressure-resistant probe, the electric current signal is used as an input signal of the corresponding signal processing device, and the signal processing device is used for converting the received electric current signal into a collection signal and outputting the collection signal; the pressure-resistant probe comprises a signal shielding shell, a micro-charge induction probe rod, a current output structure and an insulating sealing bushing, the signal shielding shell comprises a shell and a connecting joint, two ends of the connecting joint are connected with the shell and a corresponding natural gas pipeline through corresponding threaded connection structures, the micro-charge induction probe rod is sleeved in the connecting joint through the insulating sealing bushing and one end of the micro-charge induction probe rod extends into the shell and the other end extends into the corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline, the current output structure is installed in the shell and connected with the micro-charge induction probe rod, the insulating sealing bushing is provided with a first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing for sleeving between the micro-charge induction probe rod and the shell and a second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing for sleeving between the micro-charge induction probe rod and the connecting joint, the micro-charge induction probe rod is provided with a positioning flange, the shell is provided with a first positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a first side of the positioning flange, the connecting joint is provided with a second positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a second side of the positioning flange, the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is axially pre-tightened between the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms end face sealing pairs with the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively, and the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is axially pre-tightened between the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms end face sealing pairs with the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively.

2. The micro-charge sensor of claim 1, wherein: The first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing and the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing are made of ceramic or plastic.

3. The micro-charge sensor of claim 2, wherein: The first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing and the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin or polyether ether ketone.

4. The micro-charge sensor of claim 1, wherein: The inner hole of the connecting joint is a stepped hole, the counterbore part of the stepped hole forms the second positioning shoulder, and the outer circumferential surface of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is connected with the small hole channel of the stepped hole through thread structures matched with each other.

5. The micro-charge sensor of claim 1, wherein: The end face of one end of the connecting joint serves as the second positioning shoulder.

6. The micro-charge sensor of claim 1, wherein: The edge of the T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing and / or the edge of the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing has a radial sealing part surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the positioning flange.

7. The micro-charge sensor of claim 1, wherein: The micro-charge induction probe rod is composed of a first rod body and a second rod body in detachable butt joint connection, the positioning flange is located on the first rod body as a whole, and the first T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is sleeved between the first rod body and the shell.

8. The micro-charge sensor of claim 1, wherein: The second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is composed of a head and a neck in detachable butt joint connection, and the T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bushing is located on the head as a whole.

9. The micro-charge sensor of claim 1, wherein: The signal shielding shell comprises an intermediate joint connected between the shell body and the connecting joint, two ends of the intermediate joint being connected with the shell body and the connecting joint through corresponding threaded connection structures respectively; the first positioning shoulder is arranged in the intermediate joint.

10. A voltage proof probe for a microcharge sensor, characterized by: The signal shielding shell comprises a shell body and a connecting joint, two ends of the connecting joint being connected with the shell body and a corresponding natural gas pipeline through corresponding threaded connection structures respectively, the micro-charge induction probe is sleeved in the connecting joint through the insulating sealing bush and has one end extending into the shell body and the other end extending into the corresponding high-pressure gas pipeline, the current output structure is installed in the shell body and connected with the micro-charge induction probe, the insulating sealing bush has a first T-shaped insulating sealing bush sleeved between the micro-charge induction probe and the shell body and a second T-shaped insulating sealing bush sleeved between the micro-charge induction probe and the connecting joint, the micro-charge induction probe is provided with a positioning flange, the shell body is provided with a first positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a first side of the positioning flange, the connecting joint is provided with a second positioning shoulder axially pre-tightened with a second side of the positioning flange, a T-shaped head of the first T-shaped insulating sealing bush is axially pre-tightened between the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms end face sealing pairs with the first positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively, and a T-shaped head of the second T-shaped insulating sealing bush is axially pre-tightened between the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange and forms end face sealing pairs with the second positioning shoulder and the positioning flange respectively.

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