Rock breaking device with self-adapting super-high pressure gas repeatedly automatic releasing and hole sealing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of rock breaking devices of self-adaptive ultrahigh pressure gas can be repeatedly automatically released and hole sealing, it is related to gas fracturing technical field, the device includes: fracturer, the both ends of fracturer are respectively provided with first end cap and second end cap, the inside of fracturer is provided with reaction cabin;Pressure-increasing mechanism, is inserted in first end cap, for by the combustion of biomass foam, make reaction cabin internal air pressure rise;Piston assembly, between fracturer and second end cap, for with second end cap cooperation, release gas, to realize rock breaking;Hole sealing mechanism, located at the outside of fracturer, for preventing gas to leak out, to maintain fracturing instantaneous hole sealing integrity;Second end cap, for making gas cluster to spray out.The utility model is balanced by using the gas pressure of reaction cabin and top pressure cabin inside fracturer and the special structure of piston, more efficient completion rock fracturing is realized without installing rupture disc in fracturer and frequently disassembling replacement condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas fracturing technology, specifically to a rock-breaking device that can automatically and repeatedly release and seal ultra-high pressure gas. Background Technology

[0002] High-pressure gas fracturing technology, as a safe, environmentally friendly, and vibration-controlled method of rock breaking, has significant application value in engineering fields such as mining and tunneling. This technology involves injecting high-pressure gas into a fracturing device placed in a rock borehole, causing the rock mass to undergo instantaneous high-pressure impact, thereby achieving fracturing.

[0003] Currently widely used fracturing devices generally rely on pre-set metal fracturing discs for their core pressure relief structure. When the internal pressure of the fracturing device rises to a predetermined threshold, the disc undergoes shear failure, forming a release channel to release high-pressure gas onto the borehole wall. However, the fracturing disc suffers irreversible damage after completing one pressure relief action, requiring cumbersome disassembly and replacement of the disc after each fracturing operation. This repeated disassembly and assembly process not only reduces operational efficiency but also necessitates the stockpiling of a large number of fracturing disc consumables. The dependence on frequent disassembly and replacement in existing disc-type fracturing devices has become a key bottleneck restricting the improvement of efficiency, cost control, and operational convenience of high-pressure gas rock breaking technology. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of fracturing device with adaptive pressure relief capability and repeatable opening and closing. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the problems in related technologies, this utility model proposes an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect of this utility model, an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device is provided, comprising: a fracturing device, with a first end cap and a second end cap respectively provided at both ends of the fracturing device, and a reaction chamber disposed inside the fracturing device; a pressurization mechanism, inserted into the first end cap, for increasing the gas pressure inside the reaction chamber by burning biomass foam; a piston assembly, located between the fracturing device and the second end cap, for cooperating with the second end cap to release gas to achieve rock breaking; a sealing mechanism, located outside the fracturing device, for preventing gas leakage to maintain the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing; and a second end cap for concentrating the gas jet to expand the rock fractures.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to rapidly increase the internal pressure of the reaction chamber within a very short time and relieve the residual pressure in the fracturing device after rock fracturing, the pressurization mechanism includes several electrodes interspersed in the first end cover. The end of the electrode located inside the reaction chamber is connected to an ignition head, and the end of the electrode located outside the first end cover is connected to an initiation device. A vent is provided in the middle of the first end cover, and a gas pipe is connected to the vent. An air compressor is provided at the end of the gas pipe away from the vent, and a one-way valve is provided in the middle section of the gas pipe. A pressure relief hole is provided inside the first end cover, and a pressure relief valve is provided at the end of the pressure relief hole near the outside of the first end cover. The electrodes are connected to the first end cover by nuts.

[0008] Furthermore, to allow high-pressure gas to escape through the piston, the piston assembly includes a piston positioned between the fracturing device and the second end cap. A through-hole is provided at the end of the reaction chamber near the piston, and a plug is provided at the through-hole at the end of the piston near the reaction chamber. A first pressure chamber is provided between the piston and the second end cap, and a spring is provided inside the first pressure chamber and between the piston and the second end cap. A first gas passage is provided inside the fracturing device, with one end connected to the first pressure chamber and the other end connected to the reaction chamber. Several airflow holes are provided inside the plug and the piston. Several first sealing rings are provided on the outer side of the piston, and a guide band is provided between the first sealing rings. A connecting hole is provided at the end of the piston near the second end cap, and a second sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the connecting hole.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to release high-pressure gas to achieve rock breaking and improve the efficiency of rock fracture propagation, the second end cap has a stepped structure. The first section of the second end cap is located in the connecting hole, the second section of the second end cap is connected to the fracturing device, and the third section of the second end cap is located at the end of the fracturing device. The end of the second end cap is provided with a jet hole, and the interior of the second end cap is provided with an airflow channel. The airflow channel has an arc-shaped structure to guide the gas to flow smoothly towards the jet hole, thereby reducing the loss of gas kinetic energy. The first end cap and the second end cap are respectively provided with a third sealing ring and a fourth sealing ring between them and the fracturing device.

[0010] Furthermore, to ensure successful sealing and to delay capsule contraction during gas release through flow resistance, thus maintaining the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing, the sealing mechanism includes a compressible capsule fitted around the outside of the fracturing device. A second pressure chamber is provided between the compressible capsule and the fracturing device. A second gas channel is provided inside the fracturing device, with one end connected to the reaction chamber and the other end connected to the second pressure chamber. The compressible capsule is configured as several independent hollow annular units, which are connected to each other by built-in elastic diaphragms as microchannels. The elastic diaphragms are integrally formed with each hollow annular unit, and an annular slit airflow microchannel is formed between the inner edge of the elastic diaphragm and the outer wall of the fracturing device. The annular slit airflow microchannel serves as a passage for gas between the hollow annular units. Gas flows through the annular slit airflow microchannel in a restricted manner, and the capsule contraction is delayed during gas release through flow resistance, thus maintaining the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing. A fifth sealing ring and a sixth sealing ring are respectively provided at the contact points between the first end cap and the fracturing device and the compressible capsule.

[0011] According to another aspect of this utility model, an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing method for rock breaking is also provided, comprising:

[0012] The biomass foam used for combustion pressurization is injected into the reaction chamber of the fracturing device, and the fracturing device is placed into the fracturing hole pre-reserved on the ground.

[0013] The gas pressure inside the fracturing device is increased, and the piston assembly is pressed against the fracturing device to achieve a sealed state in the reaction chamber; the sealing mechanism prevents gas leakage to maintain the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing.

[0014] After the air pressure stabilizes, the air pressure inside the reaction chamber is increased by detonating biomass foam, which opens the piston assembly; the gas rushes out through the piston assembly to the second end cap and is released outward to break the rock.

[0015] After the gas is released, the fracturing device is depressurized and removed from the fracturing orifice.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] This invention achieves a closed-loop process of "automatic sealing-trigger release-self-resetting closure-orifice wall seal release" for high-pressure gas through the coordinated control of the fracturing device, piston, spring, slider, and compressible capsule. During pressurization, the gas in the reaction chamber is balanced and supplied to the first and second top pressure chambers through the narrow-diameter first and second gas channels. The piston remains closed and seals the reaction chamber under the action of spring preload and pressure difference. At the same time, the air pressure in the second top pressure chamber pushes the slider to compress the compressible capsule to complete the orifice wall sealing. When the three-phase foam combustion causes a sudden increase in pressure in the reaction chamber, the pressure supply delay in the narrow-diameter first gas channel results in a transient pressure difference on both sides of the piston, which pushes the piston to open and allows the high-pressure gas to be discharged at high speed through the jet hole. At the same time, the high-pressure gas in the first top pressure chamber can be discharged in large quantities through the curved airflow hole inside the piston. At the end of the depressurization, the spring drives the piston to automatically reset and close. After the residual pressure is released through the pressure relief valve, the compressible capsule contracts and releases the orifice seal, realizing the non-destructive recovery and repeated opening and closing of the device, replacing the traditional single-use consumable mode of fracturing discs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a second partial schematic diagram of an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the piston structure of an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second end cap structure of an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the initiation device, the air compression device, and the pressurization mechanism of an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1. Fracturing device; 2. First end cap; 3. Second end cap; 4. Reaction chamber; 5. Pressurization mechanism; 501. Electrode; 502. Ignition head; 503. Gas port; 504. Gas pipe; 505. One-way valve; 506. Pressure relief port; 507. Pressure relief valve; 508. Nut; 6. Piston assembly; 601. Piston; 602. Through hole; 603. Plug; 604. First pressure chamber; 605. Spring; 606. First gas passage; 607. Gas... Flow hole; 608, First sealing ring; 609, Guide strip; 610, Connecting hole; 611, Second sealing ring; 7, Sealing mechanism; 701, Compressible capsule; 702, Second top pressure chamber; 703, Second gas passage; 704, Elastic diaphragm; 705, Fifth sealing ring; 706, Sixth sealing ring; 8, Detonation device; 9, Air compression device; 10, Jet hole; 11, Airflow passage; 12, Third sealing ring; 13, Fourth sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device is provided.

[0029] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, an adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock breaking device is provided, comprising: a fracturing device 1, with a first end cap 2 and a second end cap 3 respectively provided at both ends of the fracturing device 1, and a reaction chamber 4 disposed inside the fracturing device 1; a pressurization mechanism 5, inserted into the first end cap 2, for increasing the gas pressure inside the reaction chamber 4 through the combustion of biomass foam; a piston assembly 6, located between the fracturing device 1 and the second end cap 3, for cooperating with the second end cap 3 to release gas to achieve rock breaking; a sealing mechanism 7, located outside the fracturing device 1, for preventing gas leakage to maintain the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing; and the second end cap 3, for causing the gas to be sprayed out in a concentrated stream to expand the rock fractures.

[0030] By utilizing the above-mentioned scheme, this invention achieves more efficient rock fracturing without the need to install fracturing discs inside the fracturing device and frequently disassemble and replace them, by balancing the gas pressure in the reaction chamber 4 and related top pressure chamber inside the fracturing device and by using the special structure of the piston.

[0031] In one embodiment, the pressurization mechanism 5 includes several electrodes 501 interspersed in the first end cover 2. One end of the electrode 501 inside the reaction chamber 4 is connected to an ignition head 502, and the other end of the electrode 501 outside the first end cover 2 is connected to an initiation device 8. A vent 503 (high-pressure vent) is provided in the middle of the first end cover 2, and a gas pipe 504 (high-pressure gas pipe) is connected to the vent 503. An air compressor 9 is provided at the end of the gas pipe 504 away from the vent 503, and a one-way valve 505 is provided in the middle section of the gas pipe 504. A pressure relief hole 506 is provided inside the first end cover 2, and a pressure relief valve 507 is provided at the end of the pressure relief hole 506 near the outside of the first end cover 2. The electrode 501 is connected to the first end cover 2 by a nut 508, thereby enabling the air pressure inside the reaction chamber 4 to rise rapidly in a very short time and relieve the residual pressure in the rock fracturing device 1 after rock fracturing.

[0032] The first end cap 2 needs to reserve a position for the electrode 501. The electrode 501 is fixed to the first end cap 2 by the nut 508. The electrode 501 needs to reserve a certain length on both the inner and outer sides of the first end cap 2. The electrode part on the inner side is connected to the ignition head 502 through a wire, and the electrode part on the outer side is connected to the detonation device 8 through a detonation wire. The electrode 501 needs to be threaded on both the inner and outer sides of the fracturing device 1 so that the nut 508 can be fixed. The center of the first end cap 2 needs to reserve a gas hole 503 (high pressure gas hole) so that gas can pass through smoothly when gas pressure is applied.

[0033] The high-pressure air port on the outer side of the first end cap 2 is connected to the air pipe 504 (high-pressure air pipe) via threads. The air pipe 504 is connected to the air compressor 9 via a one-way valve 505. In addition, a pressure relief valve 507 needs to be connected to the outer side of the first end cap 2 to release the residual pressure inside the rock fracturing device 1 after rock fracturing. The one-way valve 505 prevents gas backflow. The first end cap 2 is connected to the fracturing device 1 via threads. A sealing ring groove needs to be reserved at the contact point between the top surface of the fracturing device 1 and the inner bottom surface of the first end cap 2 to allow for the installation of a corresponding sealing structure to prevent gas leakage.

[0034] In one embodiment, the piston assembly 6 includes a piston 601 disposed between the fracturing device 1 and the second end cap 3. A through hole 602 is provided at one end of the reaction chamber 4 near the piston 601. A plug 603 is provided at the through hole 602 at one end of the piston 601 near the reaction chamber 4. A first pressure chamber 604 is disposed between the piston 601 and the second end cap 3. A spring 605 is disposed within the first pressure chamber 604 and between the piston 601 and the second end cap 3. A first gas passage 606 is provided inside the fracturing device 1. One end of the first gas passage 606 is connected to the first top pressure chamber 604, and the other end of the first gas passage 606 is connected to the reaction chamber 4; the plug 603 and piston 601 are provided with a number of airflow holes 607; a number of first sealing rings 608 are provided on the outside of piston 601, and a guide strip 609 is provided between the number of first sealing rings 608; a connecting hole 610 is provided at the end of piston 601 near the second end cover 3, and a second sealing ring 611 is provided on the inner wall of the connecting hole 610, so that high-pressure gas can be discharged through piston 601.

[0035] Specifically, four oblique airflow holes 607 are provided behind the plug 603 on piston 601 to allow high-pressure gas in reaction chamber 4 to pass through when piston 601 is opened. The bottom of piston 601 is connected to the second end cap 3 by four springs 605. The elastic potential energy of the springs 605 allows piston 601 to automatically return to the closed state when the high-pressure gas is about to be released. Two curved airflow holes 607 are provided from the bottom of piston 601 to plug 603 so that high-pressure gas in the first pressure chamber 604 can be discharged as quickly as possible after piston 601 is opened. The positions of the first sealing ring 608 and guide strip 609 need to be reserved on the periphery of piston 601, and the positions of the second sealing ring 611 need to be reserved on the inner wall of piston 601. The sealing rings on the inner and outer walls of piston 601 can prevent gas in the first pressure chamber 604 from leaking out through the side walls. The guide strip 609 has a guiding function and can prevent the fracturing device 1 and piston 601 from wearing each other.

[0036] The fracturing device 1 has an extremely narrow first gas channel 606 inside, connecting the reaction chamber 4 and the first pressure chamber 604. A groove needs to be provided at the contact point between the fracturing device 1 and the plug 603 of the piston 601 so that the high-pressure gas in the first pressure chamber 604 can flow out smoothly when the pressure is released.

[0037] In one embodiment, the second end cap 3 has a stepped structure. The first section of the second end cap 3 is located inside the connecting hole 610, the second section of the second end cap 3 is connected to the fracturing device 1, and the third section of the second end cap 3 is located at the end of the fracturing device 1. The end of the second end cap 3 is provided with a jet hole 10, and the interior of the second end cap 3 is provided with an airflow channel 11. The airflow channel 11 has an arc-shaped structure to guide the gas to flow smoothly to the jet hole 10, thereby reducing the loss of gas kinetic energy. The first end cap 2 and the second end cap 3 are respectively provided with a third sealing ring 12 and a fourth sealing ring 13 between them and the fracturing device 1, thereby releasing high-pressure gas to achieve rock breaking and improve the efficiency of rock mass fissure expansion.

[0038] The second end cap 3 is connected to the fracturing device 1 via threads. The second end cap 3 is designed as a stepped structure with progressively thicker sections from top to bottom. The outer wall of the uppermost end is in close contact with the inner wall of the piston 6, i.e., inside the connecting hole 610, and is sealed by the second sealing ring 611. A sealing ring groove is reserved at the point where the second end cap 3 is in close contact with the fracturing device 1 to prevent gas leakage from the first pressure chamber 5. In addition, the airflow channel inside the second end cap 3 is designed as an arc-shaped structure to guide the high-pressure gas to flow smoothly to the jet hole 10, thereby reducing the loss of gas kinetic energy and allowing the gas to be ejected at a higher pressure, thus improving the efficiency of expanding rock fractures. When the piston 601 is in the closed state, the spring 605 is in a natural state between the bottom of the piston 601 and the second end cap 3.

[0039] In one embodiment, the sealing mechanism 7 includes a compressible capsule 701 sleeved on the outside of the fracturing device 1. A second pressure chamber 702 is provided between the compressible capsule 701 and the fracturing device 1. A second gas channel 703 is provided inside the fracturing device 1. One end of the second gas channel 703 is connected to the reaction chamber 4, and the other end of the second gas channel 703 is connected to the second pressure chamber 702. The compressible capsule 701 is configured as several independent hollow annular units, which are connected to each other by built-in elastic diaphragms 704 as microchannels. The elastic diaphragms 704 are connected to each hollow annular unit. The concentric annular unit is integrally formed. The inner edge of the elastic diaphragm 704 forms an annular airflow microchannel between the outer wall of the fracturing device 1. The annular airflow microchannel serves as a passage for gas between the hollow annular units. Gas flows through the annular airflow microchannel in a restricted manner. When the gas is released, the flow resistance effect delays the capsule contraction to maintain the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing. The first end cap 2 and the fracturing device 1 are respectively provided with a fifth sealing ring 705 and a sixth sealing ring 706 at the contact points with the compressible capsule 701, thereby ensuring the smooth completion of sealing and delaying the capsule contraction during gas release to maintain the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing.

[0040] Specifically, the compressible capsule 701 is configured as three independent hollow annular units. Each unit has a reserved position for a second top pressure chamber 702, allowing high-pressure gas to flow through and compress the compressible capsule 701 from the inside, causing it to expand. Each unit is connected by a built-in elastic diaphragm 704 as a microchannel. The compressible capsule 701 is installed on the outer wall of the fracturing device 1. The first end cap 2 and the fracturing device 1 need to reserve positions for a fifth sealing ring 705 and a sixth sealing ring 706 respectively at the contact points with the compressible capsule 9. The fifth sealing ring 705 and the sixth sealing ring 706 can prevent high-pressure gas from leaking out at the connection point of the second gas channel 703, the compressible capsule 701, and the fracturing device 1, ensuring the smooth completion of the sealing. When the reaction chamber 4 is injected with gas, the gas enters the second top pressure chamber 702 of each unit through the second gas channel 703, driving the unit to expand sequentially according to the pressure gradient: after the first unit is compressed, the gas inside flows to the downstream unit through the microchannel of the elastic diaphragm 704, triggering the subsequent units to expand step by step and adhere to the hole wall. This design uses a split-type pressure distribution system, allowing each unit to independently adapt to local borehole diameter changes and achieve full-circumferential adaptive sealing.

[0041] The elastic diaphragm 704 and the compressible capsule 701 are integrally formed as independent units. The elastic diaphragm 704 is a 1mm annular thin sheet. Its inner edge forms a 0.2-0.5mm annular narrow slit airflow microchannel between itself and the outer wall of the fracturing device. This microchannel serves as the only passage for gas between units. High-pressure gas flows through this channel in a restricted manner, driving the units to expand sequentially according to the drilling contact state. When the gas is released, the capsule contraction is delayed by the flow resistance effect, maintaining the integrity of the instantaneous sealing hole during fracturing.

[0042] When the internal pressure of the fracturing device 1 increases slowly, the gas has enough time to travel from the reaction chamber 4 to the first pressure chamber 604 and the second pressure chamber 702 via the first gas channel 606 and the second gas channel 703, respectively. When the pressure rises or falls rapidly, the gas cannot be transported quickly inside the pipe due to its small diameter. Therefore, the piston 601 can open automatically to release pressure when the pressure in the reaction chamber 4 rises sharply. At the moment of pressure release, the high-pressure gas in the second pressure chamber 702 cannot be released in large quantities instantly, and the compressible capsule 701 can remain sealed at this moment.

[0043] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a rock-breaking method with adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing is also provided, comprising:

[0044] The biomass foam used for combustion pressurization is injected into the reaction chamber 4 of the fracturing device 1, and the fracturing device 1 is placed into the fracturing hole pre-reserved on the ground.

[0045] Increase the gas pressure into the fracturing device 1 and make the piston assembly 6 press against the fracturing device 1, so that the reaction chamber 4 reaches a sealed state; the sealing mechanism 7 prevents gas from escaping in order to maintain the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during fracturing.

[0046] After the air pressure stabilizes, the air pressure inside the reaction chamber 4 is increased by detonating biomass foam, which opens the piston assembly 6; the gas rushes out through the piston assembly 6 to the second end cap 3 and is released outward to break the rock.

[0047] After the gas is released, the fracturing device 1 is depressurized and removed from the fracturing hole.

[0048] To facilitate understanding of the above-mentioned technical solutions of this utility model, the working principle or operation method of this utility model in actual process will be described in detail below.

[0049] The purpose of this invention is to provide an on-site pneumatic rock-breaking device that eliminates the need for frequent disassembly and replacement of the fracturing tube and fracturing discs. It utilizes the special structure of the fracturing device 1 and piston 601 to achieve automatic release and sealing of high-pressure gas within the fracturing device. Operation includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Place the first sealing ring 608 and the guide belt 609 on the outer side wall of the piston 601 respectively, and install the second sealing ring 611 on the inner wall of the piston 601; use epoxy structural adhesive to fix the spring 605 to the corresponding position at the bottom of the piston 601. After the spring 605 is fixed to the piston 601, insert the whole unit from the tail end of the fracturing device 1 and keep the piston 601 in the closed state.

[0051] Step 2: Install the fourth sealing ring 13 on the second end cover 3, and use the threads to assemble the second end cover 3 to the bottom of the cracker 1. At this time, the piston 601 and the second end cover 3 should fit tightly together through the spring 605.

[0052] Step 3: Inject the biomass foam used for combustion pressurization into the reaction chamber 4 of the fracturing device 1; place the sixth sealing ring 706 in the reserved sealing ring groove on the fracturing device 1, and put the compressible capsule 9 on the outer wall of the fracturing device 1.

[0053] Step 4: Place the fifth sealing ring 705 in the reserved sealing ring groove inside the first end cover 2; fix electrode 18 and electrode 29 to the upper end cover 2 respectively by nut 10 and nut 21.

[0054] Step 5: The portion of electrode 501 inside the first end cap 2 is connected to the ignition head 502 via a wire; the third sealing ring 12 is placed in the sealing ring groove reserved at the top of the fracturing device 1; the first end cap 2 is connected to the upper end of the fracturing device 1 via a thread.

[0055] Step 6: Connect the air compressor 9 to the one-way valve 505 via the air pipe 504, and then connect it to the outside of the first end cap 2 on the fracturing device 1 via the one-way valve 505 through a threaded connection.

[0056] Step 7: Adjust the pressure relief valve 507 to be in the closed state; place the entire fracturing device 1 into the fracturing hole pre-reserved in the ground; connect one end of the detonation wire to the electrode 501 on the outside of the first end cap 2, and the other end to the detonation device 8.

[0057] Step 8: Apply air pressure to the fracturing device 1 through the air compression device 9; since the gas injection is slow in this process, the high-pressure gas in the reaction chamber 4 can enter the first top pressure chamber 604 through the first gas channel 606 connected to the first top pressure chamber 604, and enter the second top pressure chamber 702 through the second gas channel 703 connected to the second top pressure chamber 702. When the air pressure of the reaction chamber 4, the first top pressure chamber 604 and the second top pressure chamber 702 are balanced, due to the action of the spring 605 and the large force-bearing area of ​​the bottom surface of the piston 601, the piston 601 can press against the fracturing device 1, so that the reaction chamber 4 reaches a sealed state; in addition, due to the expansion and compression of the high-pressure gas in the second gas channel 703 inside the compressible capsule 701 from the inside out, the compressible capsule 701 can complete the expansion and sealing process at the same time as the gas injection; since each unit of the compressible capsule 701 is connected by a built-in elastic diaphragm 704, the gas inside can be interconnected through the built-in elastic diaphragm 704 as a microchannel between each unit when under pressure.

[0058] Step Nine: After the air pressure stabilizes, the ignition head 502 is ignited by the detonation device 8, thereby igniting the three-phase foam in the reaction chamber 4. The three-phase foam burns rapidly, and the air pressure inside the reaction chamber 4 will also rise rapidly in a very short time. Because the first gas channel 606 connecting the reaction chamber 4 and the first pressure chamber 604 is relatively narrow, the high-pressure gas in the reaction chamber 4 cannot reach equilibrium with the air pressure in the first pressure chamber 604 in a short time. When the air pressure in the reaction chamber 4 is much greater than the air pressure in the first pressure chamber 604, the piston 601 will be pushed to the open state by a large pressure. The high-pressure gas in the reaction chamber 4 will rapidly rush out through the piston 601 to the jet hole 10, and the air pressure in the first pressure chamber 604 will also rise through the jet hole 10. A large amount of gas is released through the air vents 607 inside the piston 601. Until the internal gas pressure is low, the pressure difference between the reaction chamber 4 and the first top pressure chamber 604 has little effect on the opening and closing of the piston 601. At this time, the elastic potential energy provided by the four springs 605 connected to the bottom of the piston 601 mainly pushes the piston 601 back to the closed state. In addition, since the second gas channel 703 between the reaction chamber 4 and the second top pressure chamber 702 is relatively thin, and the microchannel between the elastic diaphragm 704 and the fracturing device 1 can prevent the gas from flowing rapidly in a short time, the compressible capsule 701 cannot return to its original state due to the rapid leakage of high pressure gas at the moment of high pressure gas release. Therefore, it can be ensured that the compressible capsule 701 remains sealed at the moment of high pressure gas release.

[0059] Step 10: After the high-pressure gas is released, open the pressure relief valve 507 to release the residual pressure in the fracturing device 1. The release of the internal gas pressure allows the compressible capsule 701 to fully return to its initial state. Disconnect the detonation wire and the gas tube 504 from the fracturing device 1 and the first end cap 2. Take out the fracturing device 1 and open the first end cap 2. Repeat steps four through ten to carry out the subsequent construction process.

[0060] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A self-adapting rock breaking device with ultra-high pressure gas repeatedly automatic releasing and hole sealing, characterized in that, include: A fracturing device (1) is provided with a first end cap (2) and a second end cap (3) at both ends of the fracturing device (1), and a reaction chamber (4) is provided inside the fracturing device (1). A pressurization mechanism (5) is interspersed in the first end cap (2) and is used to increase the internal air pressure of the reaction chamber (4) by burning biomass foam. The piston assembly (6) is located between the fracturing device (1) and the second end cap (3) and is used to cooperate with the second end cap (3) to release gas in order to break the rock. The sealing mechanism (7) is located outside the cracking device (1) to prevent gas leakage in order to maintain the integrity of the sealing during cracking. The second end cap (3) is used to concentrate and eject gas to expand the rock mass fissures.

2. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization mechanism (5) includes a plurality of electrodes (501) interspersed in the first end cap (2). One end of the electrode (501) located inside the reaction chamber (4) is connected to an ignition head (502), and the other end of the electrode (501) located outside the first end cap (2) is connected to an initiation device (8). The first end cap (2) is provided with an air hole (503) in the middle, and an air pipe (504) is connected to the air hole (503). An air compressor (9) is provided at the end of the air pipe (504) away from the air hole (503), and a one-way valve (505) is provided in the middle section of the air pipe (504). The first end cap (2) is provided with a pressure relief hole (506) inside, and a pressure relief valve (507) is provided at one end of the pressure relief hole (506) near the outside of the first end cap (2).

3. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode (501) is connected to the first end cap (2) by a nut (508).

4. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston assembly (6) includes a piston (601) disposed between the fracturing device (1) and the second end cap (3). The reaction chamber (4) is provided with a through hole (602) at one end near the piston (601). A plug (603) is provided at the through hole (602) at one end of the piston (601) near the reaction chamber (4). A first pressure chamber (604) is provided between the piston (601) and the second end cap (3). A spring (605) is provided in the first pressure chamber (604) and between the piston (601) and the second end cap (3). The fracturing device (1) is provided with a first gas channel (606), one end of the first gas channel (606) is connected to the first top pressure chamber (604), and the other end of the first gas channel (606) is connected to the reaction chamber (4); The plug (603) and the piston (601) are provided with a number of airflow holes (607).

5. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston (601) is provided with a plurality of first sealing rings (608) on its outer side, and a guide strip (609) is provided between the plurality of first sealing rings (608). The piston (601) has a connecting hole (610) at one end near the second end cap (3), and a second sealing ring (611) is provided on the inner wall of the connecting hole (610).

6. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second end cap (3) has a stepped structure. The first section of the second end cap (3) is located in the connecting hole (610), the second section of the second end cap (3) is connected to the fracturing device (1), and the third section of the second end cap (3) is located at the end of the fracturing device (1). The end of the second end cap (3) is provided with a jet hole (10), and the interior of the second end cap (3) is provided with an airflow channel (11). The airflow channel (11) is an arc-shaped structure used to guide the gas to flow smoothly to the jet hole (10) in order to reduce the loss of gas kinetic energy.

7. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third sealing ring (12) and a fourth sealing ring (13) are respectively provided between the first end cap (2) and the second end cap (3) and the cracker (1).

8. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism (7) includes a compressible capsule (701) sleeved on the outside of the fracturing device (1), a second pressure chamber (702) is provided between the compressible capsule (701) and the fracturing device (1), a second gas channel (703) is provided inside the fracturing device (1), one end of the second gas channel (703) is connected to the reaction chamber (4), and the other end of the second gas channel (703) is connected to the second pressure chamber (702).

9. The adaptive ultra-high pressure gas repetitive automatic release and sealing rock-breaking device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The compressible capsule (701) is configured as several independent hollow annular units, which are connected by built-in elastic membranes (704) as microchannels. The elastic diaphragm (704) is integrally formed with each hollow annular unit. The inner edge of the elastic diaphragm (704) and the outer wall of the rupture device (1) form an annular slit airflow microchannel. The annular slit airflow microchannel serves as a passage for gas between the hollow annular units. Gas flows through the annular slit airflow microchannel in a restricted manner. When the gas is released, the capsule contraction is delayed by the flow resistance effect to maintain the integrity of the instantaneous sealing during rupture. A fifth sealing ring (705) and a sixth sealing ring (706) are respectively provided at the contact points between the first end cap (2) and the rupture device (1) and the compressible capsule (701).

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