Battery cell shell structure, single battery cell and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery cell shell structure, a single battery cell and a battery pack, the battery cell shell structure comprises a shell main body, an accommodating cavity for accommodating a naked battery cell and a heat exchange cavity for circulating a heat exchange medium are arranged in the shell main body, and the shell main body is provided with an inlet and an outlet which are communicated with the heat exchange cavity; heat exchange cavities are formed in the two sides of the containing cavity in the width direction of the shell body, the heat exchange cavities in the two sides are not communicated with the containing cavity, and the heat exchange cavities in the two sides are arranged in a staggered mode in the height direction of the shell body. According to the battery cell shell structure disclosed by the utility model, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity can be used for carrying out heat exchange on the naked battery cells through the heat exchange cavity integrated on the shell main body, so that the heat management effect of the single battery cells can be improved, and when a certain single battery cell goes wrong, the heat management effect of other single battery cells is not influenced; meanwhile, two adjacent single battery cells are not in direct contact, and the spreading of thermal runaway of the battery cells can be effectively inhibited by utilizing the heat exchange cavities.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to power battery technical field, especially the battery cell shell structure of a kind of electric core of the utility model.The utility model further relates to a single battery cell with the above battery cell shell structure.The utility model also relates to a battery pack with the single battery cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] The battery cell shell of new energy automobile battery mainly has three shapes of square shell, cylinder and blade. Among them, the square shell electric core structure is compact, the energy density is higher, the heat dissipation performance is better, but the manufacturing cost is higher, and the process is complex. The square shell electric core cooling is carried out by cooling the main plane of the electric core, to improve the heat dissipation efficiency and temperature uniformity, and the battery pack using the square shell electric core large surface cooling scheme mostly uses liquid cooling plate across the electric core to carry out the large surface cooling of electric core. This structure is not conducive to the thermal management of single battery cell, and it also restricts the arrangement form of electric core module in battery pack. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a battery cell shell structure to improve the thermal management effect of single battery cell.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A battery cell shell structure, comprising a shell main body, a containing cavity for containing bare electric core is arranged in the shell main body, and a heat exchange cavity for heat exchange medium circulation is arranged in the shell main body, and an inlet and an outlet communicating with the heat exchange cavity are arranged on the shell main body.

[0006] In the width direction of the shell main body, the heat exchange cavities are arranged on both sides of the containing cavity, the heat exchange cavities on both sides are not communicated with the containing cavity, and the heat exchange cavities on both sides are arranged in staggered mode in the height direction of the shell main body.

[0007] Further, the shell main body comprises a first shell body and a second shell body connected on both sides of the first shell body; the containing cavity is formed in the first shell body, and the first shell body is provided with an opening communicating with the containing cavity; the heat exchange cavities are respectively formed in the second shell bodies on both sides, and the inlets and outlets are arranged on the second shell bodies.

[0008] Further, the bottom of the second shell body on one side is flush with the bottom of the first shell body, the top of the second shell body on the other side is flush with the top of the first shell body, and the sum of the sizes of the second shell bodies on both sides in the height direction of the first shell body is the same as the height value of the first shell body.

[0009] Further, the heat exchange cavities on each side extend along the length direction of the shell body, and in the length direction of the first shell body, the two ends of the second shell bodies on both sides are arranged flush with the two ends of the first shell body.

[0010] Further, the inlet and the outlet are arranged at the two ends in the length direction of the second shell body, and in the height direction of the second shell body, the position of the inlet is lower than that of the outlet.

[0011] Further, in the width direction of the shell body, the size L of the heat exchange cavity on each side is between 2mm and 3mm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] The shell body structure of the utility model, through the heat exchange cavity integrated on the shell body, and the heat exchange cavity is arranged on both sides of the accommodating cavity, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity can be used for better heat exchange of the bare battery cell, so that the heat management effect of each single battery cell can be improved, and when a problem occurs in a single battery cell, the heat management system of other single battery cells is not affected, and the adjacent two battery cells do not directly contact, and the heat exchange cavity can effectively suppress the spread of battery cell thermal runaway.

[0014] In addition, the shell body comprises a first shell body and a second shell body arranged on both sides of the first shell body, and the accommodating cavity for accommodating the bare battery cell is formed in the first shell body, and the heat exchange cavities are formed on the second shell bodies on both sides, which is simple in structure and convenient to design and implement, and the opening on the first shell body is provided with a battery cell cover plate, so that the accommodating cavity can be sealed and plugged, forming a single battery cell, and the second shell body also provides a layout basis for the inlet and the outlet.

[0015] Secondly, the bottom of the second shell body on one side is arranged flush with the bottom of the first shell body, the top of the second shell body on the other side is arranged flush with the top of the first shell body, and the sum of the sizes of the second shell bodies on both sides in the height direction of the first shell body is the same as the height value of the first shell body, so that the overall structure of the shell body is relatively neat, and when the single battery cells are stacked, the second shell bodies on the sides of the adjacent single battery cells are used to restrict each other, so as to constrain the height positions of the adjacent single battery cells, and at the same time, the upper and lower heat exchange cavities are formed between the adjacent single battery cells, which is beneficial to improve the heat exchange effect of the bare battery cell.

[0016] In addition, the heat exchange cavities on each side extend along the length direction of the shell body, and the two ends of the second shell body on the two sides are flush with the two ends of the first shell body in the length direction of the first shell body, so that the electric core shell body is more uniform in the overall structure, and the design and implementation of the electric core shell body are facilitated. The size of the heat exchange cavity in the width direction of the shell body is limited, which can improve the heat exchange effect of the single electric core on the one hand, and can also consider the energy density of the single electric core after grouping on the other hand.

[0017] Another purpose of the utility model is to provide a single electric core, wherein the single electric core is provided with the electric core shell structure as described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the single electric core of the utility model has the same technical effect as the electric core shell structure as described above.

[0019] Still another purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery pack, wherein the battery module in the battery pack is provided with a plurality of single electric cores as described above stacked together.

[0020] Further, the two single electric core shell bodies adjacent to each other are connected through structural heat-conducting adhesive bonding.

[0021] Further, the battery pack is provided with a total liquid inlet pipe and a total liquid outlet pipe, each inlet is in communication with the total liquid inlet pipe, and each outlet is in communication with the total liquid outlet pipe.

[0022] The battery pack of the utility model can realize the heat management effect of each single electric core by using the single electric core as described above, and when a problem occurs in a certain single electric core, the heat management system of other single electric cores is not affected, and meanwhile, the two electric cores adjacent to each other do not directly contact each other, and the heat exchange cavity can effectively inhibit the spread of electric core thermal runaway.

[0023] In addition, the structural heat-conducting adhesive bonding between the adjacent single electric cores can not only meet the heat exchange demand between the electric core and the cooling cavity, but also can provide certain structural strength, and has the advantage of low cost compared with the heat-conducting adhesive. The inlets of the single electric cores are in communication with the total liquid inlet pipe in the battery pack, and the outlets of the single electric cores are in communication with the total liquid outlet pipe in the battery pack, which is conducive to the arrangement of the cooling pipeline and also conducive to the later maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the utility model are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and the illustrative embodiments of the utility model and the description thereof are used to explain the utility model, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structure diagram of the first perspective of the electric core shell structure described in the embodiments of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 A structure diagram of a second visual angle of the battery cell shell structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 A sectional view of the battery cell shell structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of the single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 An exploded view of the single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 A sectional view of the single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 A structure schematic diagram of the single battery cell in a stacked state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 An exploded view of Figure 7 ;

[0033] Explanation of reference signs:

[0034] 1, shell main body; 2, battery cell cover plate; 3, bare battery cell; 4, liquid inlet pipe joint; 5, liquid outlet pipe joint; 6, structure heat-conducting glue;

[0035] 101, first shell; 102, second shell; 1010, accommodating cavity; 1020, heat exchange cavity; 201, positive pole; 202, negative pole; 203, explosion-proof valve; 10, inlet; 20, outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" appear, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application to having a specific orientation, being constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, if the terms "first", "second", etc. appear, they are also only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] Moreover, in the description of the utility model, unless another explicit limitation, the term "mounting", "connecting", "connection" "connecting piece" should be broad sense understanding. For example, it can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected, can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection, can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through the intermediate medium, can be two elements inside the communication. For ordinary skilled in the art, the above-mentioned terms can be combined with specific circumstances to understand the specific meaning of the utility model.

[0039] The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment one

[0041] In the prior art, for the cooling of square shell battery cell, liquid cooling plate across the battery cell is mostly used to cool the large surface of the battery cell, which is not conducive to the thermal management of single battery cell, and the structure also restricts the arrangement form of the battery cell module in the battery pack.

[0042] Therefore, the embodiment aims at the problem of unsatisfactory thermal management effect of single battery cell in the prior art, and proposes a new battery cell shell structure, and in the overall structure, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 The battery cell shell structure of the embodiment includes a shell main body 1, the shell main body 1 is provided with a containing cavity 1010 containing a bare battery cell 3, and a heat exchange cavity 1020 for the flow of heat exchange medium, and the shell main body 1 is provided with an inlet 10 and an outlet 20 communicating with the heat exchange cavity 1020. And in the width direction of the shell main body 1, the two sides of the containing cavity 1010 are provided with heat exchange cavities 1020, and the two sides of the heat exchange cavities 1020 and the containing cavity 1010 are not communicated, and the two sides of the heat exchange cavities 1020 are arranged in the height direction of the shell main body 1.

[0043] The inlet 10 is used for the flow of heat exchange medium into the heat exchange cavity 1020, and the outlet 20 is used for the flow of heat exchange medium out of the heat exchange cavity 1020, so that the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 1020 is in a flowing state, which is beneficial to the timely heat exchange of the bare battery cell 3. In the above structure, the heat exchange cavity 1020 integrated on the shell main body 1 is used to exchange heat with the bare battery cell 3 through the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 1020, which can improve the thermal management effect of single battery cell. In the battery pack of stacked multiple single battery cells, the thermal management effect of other single battery cells is not affected when a single battery cell has a problem, and the adjacent two single battery cells are not in direct contact, which is beneficial to the heat exchange cavity 1020 to effectively suppress the spread of battery cell thermal runaway.

[0044] In detail, continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, as a preferred embodiment, in the embodiment, the shell body 1 includes a first shell 101, and a second shell 102 arranged on both sides of the first shell 101. Among them, the first shell 101 is formed with a receiving cavity 1010 for accommodating the bare battery cell 3, and the first shell 101 has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity 1010, and the opening is used to install the cell cover plate 2. And the heat exchange cavity 1020 is formed in the second shell 102 on both sides respectively, and the inlet 10 and the outlet 20 are arranged on each side of the second shell 102. At this time, the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange cavities 1020 on both sides can exchange heat on both sides of the first shell 101 respectively.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, in the embodiment, the bottom of the second shell 102 on one side is arranged flush with the bottom of the first shell 101, the top of the second shell 102 on the other side is arranged flush with the top of the first shell 101, and the sum of the dimensions of the second shell 102 on both sides in the height direction of the first shell 101 is the same as the height value of the first shell 101. As shown in Figure 3 The bottom of the second shell 102 on the left side is arranged flush with the bottom of the first shell 101, the top of the second shell 102 on the right side is arranged flush with the top of the first shell 101, and the sum of the heights of the second shell 102 on both sides is the same as the height of the first shell 101.

[0046] At this time, the above structure is arranged, so that the overall structure of the shell body 1 is more regular, and when the single battery cell is stacked, the second shell 102 on the left side and the second shell 102 on the right side of the adjacent two single battery cells can be restricted in the height direction, so as to realize the constraint of the height position between the adjacent two single battery cells, and the upper and lower heat exchange cavities 1020 formed between the adjacent single battery cells are beneficial to improve the heat exchange effect of the bare battery cell 3.

[0047] In a conventional square shell battery cell module, air gap or aerogel is arranged between the battery cells, and the battery cells are fixed only by the bottom adhesive. However, with the continuous improvement of safety level requirements, the strength of the battery cell fixing will also face challenges. Therefore, in the embodiment, on the basis of limiting the bottom, top and the sum of the dimensions of the second shell 102 on both sides in the height direction of the first shell 101, the heat exchange cavities 1020 on each side extend along the length direction of the shell body 1, and the two ends of the second shell 102 on both sides are arranged flush with the two ends of the first shell 101 in the length direction of the first shell 101.

[0048] By limiting the contour structure of the second shell 102 on both sides, the shell body 1 is approximately "Z" shaped, which not only makes the battery cell shell more regular in overall structure, but also when the single battery cell is stacked, as shown in Figure 7 And Figure 8As shown, the positions of the cell housings of the two connected single cell batteries in the height direction can be mutually restricted, thereby improving the structural strength of the entire module, and also making the grouping of single cell batteries more flexible. At the same time, the heat exchange cavity 1020 between the two adjacent single cell batteries can also improve the safety of the entire battery pack. It is also beneficial to the design and implementation of the cell housing.

[0049] In this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, in the width direction of the shell body 1, the size L of the heat exchange cavity 1020 on each side is between 2mm-3mm. Figure 3 As shown, the thickness of the heat exchange cavities 1020 on the left and right sides is between 2mm-3mm, and in specific implementation, the thickness of the heat exchange cavity 1020 can be set to, for example, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.5mm, 2.8mm or 3mm, etc.

[0050] Also as a preferred implementation, in this embodiment, the inlet 10 and the outlet 20 are arranged at the two ends of the length direction of the second housing 102, and in the height direction of the second housing 102, the position of the inlet 10 is lower than the position of the outlet 20. In this way, by setting the position of the inlet 10 lower than the position of the outlet 20, the flow of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 1020 can be more uniform. In specific implementation, liquid inlet pipe joints 4 and liquid outlet pipe joints 5 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the length direction of each side of the second housing 102, and the pipe openings of the liquid inlet pipe joints 4 and the liquid outlet pipe joints 5 respectively constitute the inlet 10 and the outlet 20 of the heat exchange medium.

[0051] The cell housing structure of this embodiment uses the heat exchange cavity 1020 integrated on the shell body 1, and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 1020 exchanges heat with the bare cell 3, which can improve the thermal management effect of the single cell battery. In a battery pack with multiple stacked single cell batteries, if a problem occurs in a single cell battery, it does not affect the thermal management effect of other single cell batteries, and the adjacent two single cell batteries do not directly contact, which can effectively suppress the spread of cell thermal runaway.

[0052] Embodiment Two

[0053] This embodiment relates to a single cell battery, which is provided with the cell housing structure described in Embodiment One.

[0054] As shown in Figures 4 to 6 In this embodiment, the single cell battery is provided with a cell cover plate 2 at the opening of the first housing 101, which is used to seal and block the accommodation cavity 1010 in the first housing 101, and to prepare the bare cell 3 into a single cell battery. The cell cover plate 2 is also provided with a positive pole 201 and a negative pole 202 for electrical connection with the bare cell 3, and is also provided with an explosion-proof valve 203.

[0055] The single battery cell of the embodiment can improve the thermal management effect of each single battery cell by using the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 1020 to better exchange heat on both sides of the bare battery cell 3 by using the battery cell shell structure of embodiment one, and when a certain single battery cell has a problem, it does not affect the thermal management system of other single battery cells, and at the same time, the heat exchange cavity 1020 can effectively suppress the spread of battery cell thermal runaway.

[0056] In addition, the embodiment also relates to a battery pack, which has a plurality of single battery cells stacked together in the battery module.

[0057] In structure, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the two adjacent single battery cell shells are connected by structural thermal conductive glue 6. By such arrangement, not only the heat exchange demand between the battery cell and the cooling cavity can be met, but also certain structural strength can be provided, and compared with the thermal conductive glue, the cost is low.

[0058] In addition, in the embodiment, the battery pack is provided with a total liquid inlet pipe and a total liquid outlet pipe, the inlets 10 on each side of the second shell 102 are in communication with the total liquid inlet pipe, and the outlets 20 on each side of the second shell 102 are in communication with the total liquid outlet pipe. At this time, the inlets 10 are arranged to be in communication with the total liquid inlet pipe in the battery pack respectively, and the outlets 20 are arranged to be in communication with the total liquid outlet pipe in the battery pack respectively, which is conducive to the arrangement of the cooling pipeline and also conducive to the later maintenance.

[0059] At the same time, the heat exchange cavity 1020 integrated on the battery cell shell can also not affect the thermal management system of other single battery cells when a certain single battery cell has a problem, so as to avoid the risk that the traditional liquid cooling plate is blocked or damaged at one place, resulting in the failure of the whole liquid cooling plate and the paralysis of the whole pack thermal management system. In addition, the two adjacent battery cells are not in direct contact, and the heat exchange cavity 1020 can effectively suppress the spread of battery cell thermal runaway.

[0060] The above only describes the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An electric cell shell structure, characterized in that: a shell main body is provided with a cell accommodating cavity for accommodating a bare cell and a heat exchange cavity for heat exchange medium to flow through, and the shell main body is provided with an inlet and an outlet communicating with the heat exchange cavity; in the width direction of the shell main body, the heat exchange cavities are arranged on both sides of the cell accommodating cavity, and the heat exchange cavities on both sides are not communicated with the cell accommodating cavity, and the heat exchange cavities on both sides are arranged in a staggered manner in the height direction of the shell main body.

2. The electric cell shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell main body comprises a first shell and a second shell arranged on both sides of the first shell; the first shell is formed with the cell accommodating cavity, and the first shell is provided with an opening communicating with the cell accommodating cavity; and the second shell on each side is formed with the heat exchange cavity, and the second shell is provided with the inlet and the outlet.

3. The electric cell shell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom of the second shell on one side is arranged flush with the bottom of the first shell, the top of the second shell on the other side is arranged flush with the top of the first shell, and the sum of the sizes of the second shells on both sides in the height direction of the first shell is the same as the height of the first shell.

4. The electric cell shell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heat exchange cavities on both sides extend along the length direction of the shell main body, and the ends of the second shells on both sides are arranged flush with the ends of the first shell in the length direction of the first shell.

5. The electric cell shell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inlet and the outlet are arranged at the two ends in the length direction of the second shell, and the position of the inlet is lower than the position of the outlet in the height direction of the second shell.

6. The electric cell shell structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: in the width direction of the shell main body, the size L of the heat exchange cavities on both sides is between 2mm and 3mm.

7. A single cell, characterized in that: the single cell is provided with the electric cell shell structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A battery pack, characterized in that: the battery pack is provided with a plurality of single cells according to claim 7 stacked together in a battery module.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: two adjacent single cell shells are connected by structural heat-conducting adhesive.

10. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: the battery pack is provided with a total inlet pipe and a total outlet pipe, each inlet is communicated with the total inlet pipe, and each outlet is communicated with the total outlet pipe. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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