Double-frequency four-arm helical antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to a double-frequency four-arm helical antenna, which comprises a PCB base plate and an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprises a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit are distributed on the PCB base plate in an annular array mode, and the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit comprise a first radiation oscillator, a second radiation oscillator and a metal short circuit part. The first radiation oscillator is configured to excite a first resonant frequency, the second radiation oscillator is configured to excite a second resonant frequency, the first radiation oscillator is connected with the PCB bottom plate to form a feed point, the second radiation oscillator is connected with the PCB bottom plate to form a grounding point, and the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator are connected into a whole through the metal short circuit part. The antenna provided by the utility model has the characteristics of low height, small size, light weight, low cost and excellent performance, is wide in bandwidth, and can meet the requirement of supporting GNSS multi-mode multi-frequency high-precision positioning.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a car antenna technology, concretely relates to a double -frequent four -armed helical antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] The car antenna is an important component in the car communication system, which is responsible for receiving and sending wireless signals to realize the communication function between the inside and outside of the vehicle. Among them: the global navigation satellite system GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is an air-based radio navigation positioning system that can provide all-weather three-dimensional coordinates and speed and time information for users at any location on the earth's surface or near-earth space, and the GNSS antenna is an important component of the system. However, the existing GNSS at least has the following problems:

[0003] Firstly, the existing multi-mode multi-frequency GNSS high-precision positioning antenna generally adopts a microstrip antenna form, such as a laminated microstrip antenna, but such an antenna has a narrow bandwidth, a heavy weight, and a high cost; secondly, the existing four-arm spiral antenna generally has a high height, has a high requirement for the installation environment, and has a large difficulty in soft plate welding production and poor consistency; thirdly, the existing multi-frequency four-arm spiral antenna generally adopts upper and lower multi-layers or inner and outer nesting, has a large size, and has a complex process; finally, the existing low-profile four-arm spiral antenna is generally single-frequency, cannot realize double frequency, and cannot realize multi-frequency multi-mode GNSS high-precision positioning. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a double -frequent four -armed helical antenna, in particular to a GNSS low -profile double -frequent four -armed helical antenna.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

[0006] A double -frequent four -armed helical antenna, comprising:

[0007] PCB bottom plate;

[0008] Antenna assembly: including a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a third antenna unit, a fourth antenna unit, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit are arranged in a ring array on the PCB bottom plate, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit include a first radiation oscillator, a second radiation oscillator, and a metal shorting part, the first radiation oscillator is configured to excite a first resonant frequency, the second radiation oscillator is configured to excite a second resonant frequency, the first radiation oscillator is connected with the PCB bottom plate to form a feed point, the second radiation oscillator is connected with the PCB bottom plate to form a ground point, and the metal shorting part connects the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator into one body.

[0009] Preferably, the first radiation oscillator includes a first radiation part, a second radiation part, and an intermediate connecting branch, the first radiation part is located in a plane formed by the Y-axis and the Z-axis, the second radiation part is located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis, the intermediate connecting branch is located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Z-axis, the upper end of the first radiation part is connected with one end of the second radiation part in the width direction, the upper end of the intermediate connecting branch is connected with one end of the second radiation part in the length direction, and the first radiation part and the intermediate connecting branch are located at opposite ends of the second radiation part respectively, and the lower end of the intermediate connecting branch is connected with the PCB bottom plate to form a feed point.

[0010] Further preferably, the first radiation part, the second radiation part, and the intermediate connecting branch are rectangular.

[0011] Further preferably, the length of the first radiation part and the second radiation part is in the range of 15-30mm, and the width is in the range of 5-20mm, the length and the width of the first radiation part and the second radiation part adjust the resonant point frequency offset, and jointly widen the bandwidth of the antenna at low frequency, and improve the gain of the low frequency edge frequency point.

[0012] Further preferably, the width of the intermediate connecting branch is in the range of 2-10mm.

[0013] Preferably, the second radiation oscillator comprises a third radiation part, a fourth radiation part, a fifth radiation part, a sixth radiation part and a seventh radiation part, the third radiation part is located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis, the fourth radiation part and the fifth radiation part are located in a plane formed by the Y-axis and the Z-axis, the sixth radiation part and the seventh radiation part are located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Z-axis, one end of the third radiation part is connected to the upper end of the fourth radiation part, one end of the fifth radiation part is connected to the lower end of the fourth radiation part, one end of the sixth radiation part is connected to the other end of the fifth radiation part, the upper end of the seventh radiation part is connected to the other end of the sixth radiation part, and the lower end of the seventh radiation part is connected to the PCB bottom plate to form a grounding point.

[0014] Further preferably, the third radiation part, the fourth radiation part, the fifth radiation part, the sixth radiation part and the seventh radiation part are rectangular.

[0015] Further preferably, the length of the third radiation part, the fourth radiation part, the fifth radiation part, the sixth radiation part and the seventh radiation part is 20-40mm, and the width is 1-10mm, and the length and the width of the third radiation part, the fourth radiation part, the fifth radiation part, the sixth radiation part and the seventh radiation part adjust the frequency offset of the resonance point.

[0016] Preferably, the metal shorting part is located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Z-axis.

[0017] Further preferably, the metal shorting part is rectangular.

[0018] Further preferably, the length of the metal shorting part is 5-25mm, the width is 2-12mm, and the height from the PCB bottom plate is 1-10mm, and the length and the width of the metal shorting part adjust the impedance matching of the whole antenna assembly, and the different height of the metal shorting part can also adjust the impedance matching of the whole antenna assembly.

[0019] Preferably, the PCB bottom plate is made of FR4 material.

[0020] Preferably, the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator are made of a metal structure, the metal structure comprises an iron sheet, an aluminum sheet and a copper sheet, or the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator are made of a metal layer engraved, electroplated or printed, so as to solve the problems of heavy quality and high cost of the microstrip ceramic antenna.

[0021] Preferably, the size of the PCB bottom plate is not greater than 75mm*75mm*1mm.

[0022] Preferably, the size of the antenna assembly is no more than 50mm*50mm*15mm.

[0023] Preferably, the first resonant frequency is lower than the second resonant frequency.

[0024] Preferably, the antenna further comprises a support, which is supported between the PCB bottom plate and the antenna assembly, and functions to support and fix the antenna assembly, and is made of plastic.

[0025] Thanks to the above technical scheme, the present application has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0026] 1. The present application adopts a low-profile spatial folding technology to fold the radiation oscillators of the four-arm helical antenna horizontally, so as to reduce the height of the antenna and solve the problems of high installation environment requirement, high height, large size and complex process of the conventional four-arm helical antenna which is multi-layered, nested or distributed in an up-down manner.

[0027] 2. The present application loads the coupling radiation oscillators on the ground of the antenna, so as to realize the dual-frequency resonant performance of the antenna and solve the problems of the conventional four-arm helical antenna which cannot realize dual-frequency or even multi-frequency, the narrow bandwidth of the microstrip antenna and the inability to support GNSS multi-mode multi-frequency high-precision positioning.

[0028] 3. The present application directly utilizes the metal short circuit between the ground of the antenna and the feed radiation oscillator to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna.

[0029] 4. The antenna of the present application has the characteristics of low height, small size, small mass, low cost and excellent performance, and has a wide bandwidth and can meet the requirements of supporting GNSS multi-mode multi-frequency high-precision positioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 FIG. 2 is a top view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a first antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a top view of the first antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 5 is a top view of a PCB plate of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 FIG. 6 is a top view of a second antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 7 is a top view of a third antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 FIG. 8 is a top view of a fourth antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a support of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a fifth antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application; and FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a sixth antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 is a first antenna unit / second antenna unit / third antenna unit / fourth antenna unit active return loss diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7

[0037] Figure 4 is a right-hand circular polarization gain diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8

[0038] Figure 5 is a 2D pattern diagram of an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9

[0039] In the above figures:

[0040] 1, PCB bottom plate; 10, feed point; 11, grounding point;

[0041] 2, antenna assembly; 2a, first antenna unit; 2b, second antenna unit; 2c, third antenna unit; 2d, fourth antenna unit; 20, first radiating element; 200, first radiating part; 201, second radiating part; 202, intermediate connecting stub; 21, second radiating element; 210, third radiating part; 211, fourth radiating part; 212, fifth radiating part; 213, sixth radiating part; 214, seventh radiating part; 22, metal short-circuiting part;

[0042] 3, support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] Embodiment one

[0046] As Figure 1 2 ​​​​The dual-band quad-arm helical antenna shown includes a PCB base plate 1, an antenna assembly 2, and a bracket 3. The following is a detailed description of each component.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown: PCB base plate 1 serves as the base of the entire antenna, supporting antenna assembly 2 and bracket 3. Four sets of solder points are provided on PCB base plate 1, each set including a feed point 10 and a ground point 11. The dimensions of PCB base plate 1 are 75mm*75mm*1mm. PCB base plate 1 is made of FR4 material, a commonly used printed circuit board (PCB) substrate material, mainly composed of fiberglass cloth and epoxy resin. Fiberglass cloth provides good mechanical strength, while epoxy resin has good electrical insulation properties and chemical stability. The composition and structure of FR4 give it relatively stable performance in multiple directions, making it suitable for various electronic devices.

[0048] The antenna assembly 2 includes a first antenna unit 2a, a second antenna unit 2b, a third antenna unit 2c, and a fourth antenna unit 2d. The first antenna unit 2a, the second antenna unit 2b, the third antenna unit 2c, and the fourth antenna unit 2d are arranged in a ring array on the PCB base plate 1 to form a four-arm helical antenna. The size of the antenna assembly is 50mm*50mm*15mm.

[0049] The first antenna element 2a, the second antenna element 2b, the third antenna element 2c, and the fourth antenna element 2d can adopt the same structure or different structures. In this embodiment, the first antenna element 2a, the second antenna element 2b, the third antenna element 2c, and the fourth antenna element 2d adopt the same structure. Specifically:

[0050] The first antenna element 2a, the second antenna element 2b, the third antenna element 2c, and the fourth antenna element 2d each include a first radiating element 20, a second radiating element 21, and a metal shorting portion 22. The first radiating element 20 is configured to excite a first resonant frequency, and the second radiating element 21 is configured to excite a second resonant frequency, with the first resonant frequency being lower than the second resonant frequency, enabling the quad-arm helical antenna to excite dual frequencies. The first radiating element 20 and the second radiating element 21 employ a metal structure, including iron sheets, aluminum sheets, and copper sheets; or the first radiating element 20 and the second radiating element 21 employ a metal layer formed by laser engraving, electroplating, or printing. The first radiating element 20 is connected to the feed point 10 of the PCB base plate 1, and the second radiating element 21 is connected to the ground point 11 of the PCB base plate 1. The metal shorting portion 22 connects the first radiating element 20 and the second radiating element 21 into a single unit.

[0051] In the embodiment, the first radiating element 20 comprises a first radiating part 200, a second radiating part 201 and an intermediate connecting branch 202. The first radiating part 200 is located in a plane formed by the Y-axis and the Z-axis. The second radiating part 201 is located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis. The intermediate connecting branch 202 is located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Z-axis. The upper end of the first radiating part 200 is connected to one end of the second radiating part 201 in the width direction. The upper end of the intermediate connecting branch 202 is connected to one end of the second radiating part 201 in the length direction. The first radiating part 200 and the intermediate connecting branch 202 are located at opposite ends of the second radiating part 201, respectively. The lower end of the intermediate connecting branch 202 is connected to the feed point 10 of the PCB bottom plate 1.

[0052] The first radiating part 200, the second radiating part 201 and the intermediate connecting branch 202 are all rectangular. The length of the first radiating part 200 and the second radiating part 201 ranges from 15 mm to 30 mm, and the width ranges from 5 mm to 20 mm. The length and the width of the first radiating part 200 and the second radiating part 201 adjust the frequency deviation of the resonance point.

[0053] In the embodiment, the second radiating element 21 comprises a third radiating part 210, a fourth radiating part 211, a fifth radiating part 212, a sixth radiating part 213 and a seventh radiating part 214. The third radiating part 210 is located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis. The fourth radiating part 211 and the fifth radiating part 212 are located in a plane formed by the Y-axis and the Z-axis. The sixth radiating part 213 and the seventh radiating part 214 are located in a plane formed by the X-axis and the Z-axis. One end of the third radiating part 210 is connected to the upper end of the fourth radiating part 211. One end of the fifth radiating part 212 is connected to the lower end of the fourth radiating part 211. One end of the sixth radiating part 213 is connected to the other end of the fifth radiating part 212. The upper end of the seventh radiating part 214 is connected to the other end of the sixth radiating part 213. The lower end of the seventh radiating part 214 is connected to the grounding point 11 of the PCB bottom plate 1.

[0054] The third radiating part 210, the fourth radiating part 211, the fifth radiating part 212, the sixth radiating part 213 and the seventh radiating part 214 are all rectangular. The length of the third radiating part 210, the fourth radiating part 211, the fifth radiating part 212, the sixth radiating part 213 and the seventh radiating part 214 ranges from 20 mm to 40 mm, and the width ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm. The length and the width of the third radiating part 210, the fourth radiating part 211, the fifth radiating part 212, the sixth radiating part 213 and the seventh radiating part 214 adjust the frequency deviation of the resonance point.

[0055] The metal shorting part 22 is located in the plane formed by the X-axis and Z-axis, and connects the intermediate connecting branch 202, the sixth radiating part 213, and / or the seventh radiating part 214. The metal shorting part 22 is also rectangular, and its length ranges from 5-25mm, its width ranges from 2-12mm, and its height from the PCB base plate 1 ranges from 1-10mm. The length and width of the metal shorting part 22 adjust the overall impedance matching of the antenna assembly 2, and the height of the metal shorting part 22 can also adjust the overall impedance matching of the antenna assembly 2.

[0056] The bracket 3 is positioned between the PCB base plate 1 and the antenna assembly 2. The function of the bracket 3 is to support and fix the antenna assembly 2. The bracket is made of plastic.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] like Figure 6 The dual-frequency quad-arm helical antenna shown in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment one. The difference is that this embodiment only includes the PCB base plate 1 and the antenna assembly 2, and does not include the bracket. That is to say, when the strength and rigidity of the antenna assembly 2 are sufficient, the bracket can be omitted.

[0059] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-band quadrafoil antenna, characterized by: The application relates to an antenna module. The antenna module comprises a PCB base plate, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit, wherein the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit are arranged in a ring array on the PCB base plate, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit comprise a first radiation vibrator, a second radiation vibrator and a metal short-circuit part, the first radiation vibrator is configured to excite a first resonant frequency, the second radiation vibrator is configured to excite a second resonant frequency, the first radiation vibrator is connected with the PCB base plate to form a feed point, the second radiation vibrator is connected with the PCB base plate to form a ground point, and the metal short-circuit part connects the first radiation vibrator and the second radiation vibrator into a whole. The first radiation vibrator comprises a first radiation part, a second radiation part and an intermediate connecting branch, the first radiation part is located in a plane formed by a Y axis and a Z axis, the second radiation part is located in a plane formed by an X axis and the Y axis, the intermediate connecting branch is located in a plane formed by the X axis and the Z axis, the upper end of the first radiation part is connected with one end of the second radiation part in the width direction, the upper end of the intermediate connecting branch is connected with one end of the second radiation part in the length direction, the first radiation part and the intermediate connecting branch are located at opposite ends of the second radiation part respectively, and the lower end of the intermediate connecting branch is connected with the PCB base plate to form the feed point.

2. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 1, wherein: The first radiation part, the second radiation part and the intermediate connecting branch are rectangular.

3. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 2, wherein: The length of the first radiation part and the second radiation part ranges from 15 mm to 30 mm, and the width ranges from 5 mm to 20 mm. The width of the intermediate connecting branch ranges from 2 mm to 10 mm. The second radiation vibrator comprises a third radiation part, a fourth radiation part, a fifth radiation part, a sixth radiation part and a seventh radiation part, the third radiation part is located in the plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis, the fourth radiation part and the fifth radiation part are located in the plane formed by the Y axis and the Z axis, the sixth radiation part and the seventh radiation part are located in the plane formed by the X axis and the Z axis, one end of the third radiation part is connected with the upper end of the fourth radiation part, one end of the fifth radiation part is connected with the lower end of the fourth radiation part, one end of the sixth radiation part is connected with the other end of the fifth radiation part, the upper end of the seventh radiation part is connected with the other end of the sixth radiation part, and the lower end of the seventh radiation part is connected with the PCB base plate to form the ground point.

4. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 1, wherein: The third radiation part, the fourth radiation part, the fifth radiation part, the sixth radiation part and the seventh radiation part are rectangular.

5. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 4, wherein: The length of the third radiation part, the fourth radiation part, the fifth radiation part, the sixth radiation part and the seventh radiation part ranges from 20 mm to 40 mm, and the width ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm. The metal short-circuit part is located in the plane formed by the X axis and the Z axis.

6. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 1, wherein: The metal short-circuit part is rectangular. ​ The length of the metal short circuit part is 5-25mm, the width is 2-12mm, and the height from the PCB bottom plate is 1-10mm.

7. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 1, wherein: The PCB bottom plate is made of FR4 material; the first and second radiation oscillators are made of metal structure, which includes iron sheet, aluminum sheet and copper sheet; or the first and second radiation oscillators are made of metal layer by laser carving, electroplating or printing.

8. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 1, wherein: The size of the PCB bottom plate is not greater than 75mm*75mm*1mm. The size of the antenna assembly is not greater than 50mm*50mm*15mm.

9. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 1, wherein: The first resonant frequency is lower than the second resonant frequency.

10. The dual-band quadrafoil antenna of claim 1, wherein: The antenna further comprises a support, which is supported between the PCB bottom plate and the antenna assembly.

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