Integrated ecological breeding pond for crayfishes in photovoltaic fishery mode

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crayfish integrated ecological breeding pond in a photovoltaic fishery mode, which comprises a breeding pond assembly, a photovoltaic panel mounting rack assembly is fixedly arranged at one end above the breeding pond assembly, and a photovoltaic panel is fixedly arranged at one end above the photovoltaic panel mounting rack assembly; the photovoltaic panels with the column spacing of 4-5 m and the line spacing of 8-10 m are arranged in the pond, light can conveniently irradiate the pond, the illumination area in the pond exceeds 50% of the total planning area during direct solar radiation and is 8-15% higher than the illumination area of a traditional photovoltaic module, the height of the lowest point from the photovoltaic module to the water surface is 2 m, the ventilation and air permeability of the pond is not much different from that of the traditional pond, and the pond is suitable for being used in the field of aquaculture. Compared with traditional photovoltaic devices, the arrangement can normally operate the operations such as offspring seed putting, bait feeding and breeding fishing, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is calculated and set, and the yield, specification and survival rate of photovoltaic and crayfish pond coupling breeding are improved through the technical innovation and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aquaculture pond technology, specifically to an integrated ecological aquaculture pond for crayfish under a photovoltaic fishery model. Background Technology

[0002] As China's energy development moves towards clean, efficient, and green practices, utilizing ponds, tidal flats, and deserts for photovoltaic power generation aligns with national energy development needs. Ponds are a primary space for aquaculture in my country, and whether the installation of photovoltaic panels on ponds affects the yield and quality of aquaculture has been a subject of concern and debate among aquaculture practitioners and scientists. After the installation of photovoltaic panels on ponds, factors such as shading, wind protection, and power generation noise have significantly altered water temperature, pH levels, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen. Pond microorganisms, plankton, and aquatic plants are also greatly affected. Whether energy and fisheries can be developed in a coupled manner, and whether photovoltaic fisheries projects can be successfully implemented, are key concerns for both fisheries and energy departments.

[0003] As an important freshwater economic shrimp species in my country, the combination of crayfish and photovoltaics can not only ensure the generation of clean energy but also improve the economic benefits of crayfish farming. However, in the early stages of photovoltaic construction, too much attention was paid to power generation efficiency. The coverage area, angle, and column height of photovoltaic panels on ponds were all aimed at maximizing power generation benefits without considering the needs of crayfish farming. This resulted in slow crayfish growth, high feed conversion ratios, and more diseases, leading to low economic benefits.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a construction scheme for an integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model, so as to further enhance the economic and social benefits of "photovoltaic + crayfish" farming. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an integrated ecological aquaculture pond for crayfish under a photovoltaic fishery model in order to solve the existing problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under a photovoltaic fishery model, comprising: a farming pond component, a photovoltaic panel mounting frame component fixedly installed at one end of the upper part of the farming pond component, a photovoltaic panel fixedly installed at one end of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame component, a microporous aerator installed at the other end of the upper part of the farming pond component, an inlet pipe embedded at the upper part of one end of the inner part of the farming pond component, an inlet filter component fixedly installed at one end of the inlet pipe, and a drainage pipe embedded at the lower part of the other end of the inner part of the farming pond component, a drainage filter component fixedly installed at one end of the drainage pipe.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the aquaculture pond component includes land outside the pond body, an aquaculture pond body is fixedly installed inside the land outside the pond body, a pond embankment is fixedly installed above the aquaculture pond body, an inlet slot is opened through the land outside the pond body and the upper part of the aquaculture pond body at one end, and a drainage slot is opened through the land outside the pond body and the lower part of the aquaculture pond body at one end.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly includes a long photovoltaic panel fixing rod, a short connecting fixing rod is fixedly installed at one lower end of the long photovoltaic panel fixing rod, short support frame rods are fixedly installed on both sides below the short connecting fixing rod, and a long support frame rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower part of the short connecting fixing rod.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the water inlet filter assembly includes a water inlet mounting cover tube, a water inlet filter screen is fixedly installed at one end of the water inlet mounting cover tube, a fixing ring frame is fixedly installed at one end of the water inlet mounting cover tube, a filter net is fixedly installed at one end of the fixing ring frame, the water inlet filter screen is a 20-mesh screen made of polyethylene material, and the filter net has a mesh count of 80 meshes.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the drainage filter assembly includes a drainage mounting cover, and a drainage filter screen is fixedly installed at one end inside the drainage mounting cover. The drainage filter screen is a 20-mesh screen made of polyethylene material.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: multiple sets of short connecting fixing rods are provided, and the multiple sets of short connecting fixing rods are evenly fixed below the long fixing rod of the photovoltaic panel. The short support frame rod is fixed above the pond embankment, and the long support frame rod is fixed inside the upper part of the aquaculture pond. The long fixing rod of the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel is tilted at an angle of eighteen degrees.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] This invention employs photovoltaic panels with a column spacing of 4m-5m and a row spacing of 8m-10m, which facilitates sunlight penetration into the pond. Under direct sunlight, the illuminated area in the pond exceeds 50% of the total planned area, which is 8%-15% higher than that of traditional photovoltaic systems. The lowest point of the photovoltaic modules is 2m above the water surface, and the pond's ventilation and permeability are not significantly different from traditional ponds. Compared to traditional photovoltaic systems, this arrangement allows for normal operation of seedling release, feeding, and harvesting. The tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels is calculated and set. Through this technological innovation and application, the yield, size, and survival rate of the photovoltaic-plus-crayfish pond coupled farming have been improved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under a photovoltaic fishery model as described in this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aquaculture pond component in an integrated ecological aquaculture pond for crayfish under the photovoltaic fishery model described in this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly in an integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model described in this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water inlet filtration component in an integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model described in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage and filtration component in an integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under a photovoltaic fishery model, as described in this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Aquaculture pond assembly; 2. Photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly; 3. Photovoltaic panel; 4. Microporous aerator; 5. Water inlet pipe; 6. Water inlet filter assembly; 7. Drainage pipe; 8. Drainage filter assembly; 10. Land outside the pond; 11. Aquaculture pond; 12. Pond embankment; 13. Water inlet slot; 14. Drainage slot; 20. Long fixing rod for photovoltaic panel; 21. Short connecting fixing rod; 22. Short support rod; 23. Long support rod; 60. Water inlet mounting cover; 61. Water inlet filter screen; 62. Fixing ring frame; 63. Filter screen bag; 80. Drainage mounting cover; 81. Drainage filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this utility model will be described below based on its overall structure.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 5 In the embodiments of this utility model:

[0023] Example 1

[0024] An integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under a photovoltaic fishery model includes: a farming pond component 1, a photovoltaic panel mounting frame component 2 fixedly installed at one end of the upper part of the farming pond component 1, a photovoltaic panel 3 fixedly installed at one end of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame component 2, a microporous aerator 4 installed at the other end of the upper part of the farming pond component 1, an inlet pipe 5 embedded at the upper part of one end of the inner part of the farming pond component 1, an inlet filter component 6 fixedly installed at one end of the inlet pipe 5, and a drainage pipe 7 embedded at the lower part of the other end of the inner part of the farming pond component 1, with a drainage filter component 8 fixedly installed at one end of the drainage pipe 7.

[0025] The aquaculture pond component 1 includes an outer land 10, an aquaculture pond 11 fixedly installed inside the outer land 10, a pond embankment 12 fixedly installed above the aquaculture pond 11, an inlet channel 13 extending through the upper part of one end of the outer land 10 and the aquaculture pond 11, and a drainage channel 14 extending through the lower part of one end of the outer land 10 and the aquaculture pond 11.

[0026] The photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly 2 includes a long photovoltaic panel fixing rod 20, a short connecting fixing rod 21 fixedly installed at one lower end of the long photovoltaic panel fixing rod 20, short support rods 22 fixedly installed on both sides below the short connecting fixing rod 21, and a long support rod 23 fixedly installed in the middle below the short connecting fixing rod 21.

[0027] The water inlet filter assembly 6 includes a water inlet mounting cover 60, with a water inlet filter screen 61 fixedly installed at one end inside the water inlet mounting cover 60, a fixing ring frame 62 fixedly installed at one end of the water inlet mounting cover 60, and a filter net 63 fixedly installed at one end of the fixing ring frame 62. The water inlet filter screen 61 is a 20-mesh screen made of polyethylene material, and the filter net 63 has a mesh count of 80 meshes.

[0028] The drainage filter assembly 8 includes a drainage mounting cover 80, and a drainage filter screen 81 is fixedly installed at one end inside the drainage mounting cover 80. The drainage filter screen 81 is a 20-mesh screen made of polyethylene.

[0029] There are multiple sets of short connecting fixing rods 21, which are evenly fixed below the long fixing rod 20 of the photovoltaic panel. The short support rod 22 is fixed above the pond embankment 12, and the long support rod 23 is fixed inside the upper part of the aquaculture pond 11. The long fixing rod 20 of the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel 3, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is tilted at an angle of eighteen degrees.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Photovoltaic fishery module deployment

[0032] Installation spacing: Based on the pond conditions and geographical location, photovoltaic facilities are installed on the pond embankment and water surface area, with a row spacing of 4m to 5m and a line spacing of 8m to 10m, to facilitate sunlight irradiation of the pond. When the sun shines directly on the pond, the illuminated area in the pond exceeds 50% of the total planned area, which is 8% to 15% higher than the illuminated area of ​​traditional photovoltaic systems.

[0033] Installation height: The lower the lowest point of the photovoltaic panel is from the water surface, the worse the ventilation conditions of the aquaculture pond. The traditional photovoltaic module installation height is generally 0.5m to 1m. After the modification design, the lowest point of the photovoltaic module is 2m above the water surface. The ventilation and air permeability of the pond is not much different from that of the traditional pond. Compared with the traditional photovoltaic, this installation can be used for normal operations such as seedling release, feed feeding and aquaculture harvesting.

[0034] Tilt Angle Setting: The tilt angle is set based on the latitude and longitude of the pond and the total annual solar radiation on the tilted surface of the photovoltaic modules. The project site, Hanchuan, Hubei Province, is located at 30° latitude, and the optimal tilt angle for the photovoltaic panels, calculated to be 18°, is determined. This angle ensures that the shading distance between the rear and front rows of modules is greater than 2 meters from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM, guaranteeing the amount of sunlight required for the growth of aquatic plants and phytoplankton in the photovoltaic pond.

[0035] Installation orientation: The sloping side of the photovoltaic panel should face due south and be parallel to the north and south ridges of the pond.

[0036] The innovative photovoltaic module layout increases the area and duration of sunlight exposure, and improves the permeability of the pond. Compared to traditional photovoltaic ponds, this is more conducive to the growth of aquatic plants and phytoplankton, and to the formation of a biological community. Furthermore, during the high temperatures of summer, the water temperature in photovoltaic ponds drops by 2-3°C after shading, which is beneficial for crayfish growth.

[0037] Standardized transformation of photovoltaic ponds

[0038] During the installation of photovoltaic modules, silt accumulation or multiple pits were generated at the bottom of the pond, which is not conducive to the planting of aquatic plants and aquaculture operations. Standardized transformation of the aquaculture pond is required.

[0039] Dredging and embankment construction: Remove the silt generated during the installation of components, level the pond surface, and retain an average silt thickness of 0.15m to 0.2m to facilitate the rooting and growth of aquatic plants. Reinforce, raise, and widen the pond embankments, with a width of 2m to 3m, a depth of 1.5m, and an inner slope ratio of 1:1 to 2.

[0040] Install an inlet and outlet drainage system: The inlet and outlet are located diagonally opposite each other in the pond, with the inlet at a higher elevation and the outlet at a lower elevation. The water flow direction is aligned with the orientation of the photovoltaic modules. The outlet is enclosed by a layer of 20-mesh polyethylene mesh to prevent escape. The inlet is enclosed by a layer of 20-mesh polyethylene mesh and a layer of 80-mesh fine-mesh netting, with the netting length ranging from 3m to 5m, to filter out wild fish and fish eggs.

[0041] Install oxygenation facilities: The shading effect of photovoltaic facilities will reduce the photosynthesis of phytoplankton in the water. It is advisable to choose microporous oxygenation equipment with "wide coverage and high oxygenation efficiency". Install one set of 3KW microporous oxygenation equipment per 10 acres.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] Aquaculture program

[0044] Pond cleaning and fertilization: Before planting aquatic plants and stocking seedlings, the pond must be cleaned and disinfected. Use tea seed cake (20 kg / mu) with water for cleaning, filling the pond to a depth of 0.1 m, and remove wild fish, snails, clams, etc. Disinfect with quicklime (50-100 kg / mu) to eliminate pathogens and adjust water hardness and pH. After cleaning, apply organic fertilizer (100 kg / mu) to cultivate water fertility.

[0045] Aquatic plant planting: Elodea is selected as the aquatic plant and planted in April. The planting direction of the aquatic plants is consistent with the layout of the photovoltaic modules, and they are planted in the middle of two rows of photovoltaic panel piles, with a plant spacing of 4m to 5m. At the time of planting, the pond water level is 0.3m to 0.4m. Three weeks after planting, the water depth is increased to 0.5m to 0.6m. During the cultivation stage, the water level is gradually increased according to the growth of the aquatic plants.

[0046] Aquatic plant maintenance: Compared to traditional ponds, the water temperature in photovoltaic ponds decreases by 2-3℃ in summer. Simultaneously, by avoiding prolonged direct sunlight, *Elodea nuttallii* grows vigorously without mortality. From May to June, regular mowing and phosphate fertilizer supplementation enhance aquatic plant vitality, regulate water quality, and increase dissolved oxygen. When the aquatic plants in the photovoltaic aquaculture pond exhibit a healthy state with tender, green leaves, long, dense roots, and strong, sturdy stems, and have extended to a diameter of approximately 1 meter, shrimp fry can be introduced.

[0047] Shrimp larvae stocking: Select shrimp larvae that are uniform in size, have complete appendages, no attached organisms on their bodies, have relatively hard shells, and are highly vigorous, with a size of 4.5g to 6.5g. Stocking time should be before 8:00 AM on a sunny day in late April. Stocking location should be shallow water near the bank, or transported by boat to a location with aquatic plants in the middle of the pond's solar panel foundation. Stock at multiple points, placing the larvae frames around the aquatic plants to allow the larvae to crawl into the pond on their own. Stock 5000-6000 larvae per acre. Stocking should follow the principles of "rapid, even, and gentle handling."

[0048] Feeding Management: Feed the shrimp on the day of stocking. For juvenile shrimp, use a specialized feed with a protein content of 32%, feeding 3% to 5% of the shrimp's body weight once a day in the afternoon. For adult shrimp, use a feed with a protein content of 28%, feeding 5% to 7% of the shrimp's body weight once a day in the afternoon. Adjust the specific feeding amount according to water temperature, climate, and the shrimp's feeding behavior. Gradually increase the feed amount during the rearing period, maintaining lush aquatic plants and normal water quality; reduce the feed amount during the harvesting period.

[0049] Water quality management: The shading effect of the photovoltaic panels results in lower water temperatures in the pond during summer, leading to a reduction in phytoplankton biomass compared to traditional intensive aquaculture ponds. This also reduces oxygen production from phytoplankton photosynthesis and oxygen consumption from zooplankton respiration. Consequently, the dissolved oxygen level in the photovoltaic pond is essentially the same as in traditional ponds. The reduction in phytoplankton such as cyanobacteria, cladocerans, and rotifers effectively decreases water turbidity and algal bloom collapse. During the aquaculture period, regular water changes, disinfection, bacterial cultivation, and fertilization are performed to maintain water transparency at 0.3-0.4m, pH at 7.0-8.5, and dissolved oxygen above 5mg / L.

[0050] Disease prevention and control: Prevention is the main approach to crayfish diseases. Diseases can be prevented through strict pond cleaning and disinfection, stocking healthy seedlings, planting aquatic plants, water quality regulation, feeding fresh and high-quality feed, and bottom sediment control.

[0051] Shrimp Harvesting: Shrimp harvesting begins in July, following the principle of "harvesting adults and leaving juveniles," with larger shrimp being harvested and sold. Harvesting tools include 25mm-30mm mesh nets and long bottom traps. Net nets are placed around the perimeter of the pond in areas not covered by photovoltaic panels, with the trap head suspended from wooden stakes, 0.2m-0.3m above the water surface. Long bottom traps are placed in the middle of the pond in the photovoltaic panel area, aligned with the photovoltaic panel layout, with both ends suspended from wooden stakes, and the trap head 0.4m-0.45m above the water surface.

[0052] Install escape prevention measures: Add a plastic film with a height of 0.3m to 0.4m around the pond to prevent escape.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under a photovoltaic fishery model, characterized in that, include: Aquaculture pond assembly (1), wherein a photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly (2) is fixedly installed at one end of the aquaculture pond assembly (1), a photovoltaic panel (3) is fixedly installed at one end of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly (2), a microporous aerator (4) is installed at the other end of the aquaculture pond assembly (1), an inlet pipe (5) is embedded at one end of the aquaculture pond assembly (1), an inlet filter assembly (6) is fixedly installed at one end of the inlet pipe (5), and a drainage pipe (7) is embedded at the other end of the aquaculture pond assembly (1), and a drainage filter assembly (8) is fixedly installed at one end of the drainage pipe (7). The photovoltaic facilities are installed on the embankments and surface of the pond, with a row spacing of 4m to 5m and a line spacing of 8m to 10m. When the sun shines directly on the pond, the illuminated area exceeds 50% of the total planned area. The lowest point of the photovoltaic modules is 2m above the water surface.

2. The integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aquaculture pond assembly (1) includes a land (10) on the outer side of the pond body, an aquaculture pond (11) is fixedly installed inside the land (10) on the outer side of the pond body, a pond embankment (12) is fixedly installed above the aquaculture pond (11), an inlet slot (13) is opened through the upper part of one end of the land (10) on the outer side of the pond body and the aquaculture pond (11), and a drainage slot (14) is opened through the lower part of one end of the land (10) on the outer side of the pond body and the aquaculture pond (11).

3. The integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly (2) includes a long photovoltaic panel fixing rod (20), a short connecting fixing rod (21) is fixedly installed at one end of the long photovoltaic panel fixing rod (20), short support rods (22) are fixedly installed on both sides below the short connecting fixing rod (21), and a long support rod (23) is fixedly installed in the middle below the short connecting fixing rod (21).

4. The integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet filter assembly (6) includes a water inlet mounting cover (60), with a water inlet filter screen (61) fixedly installed at one end inside the water inlet mounting cover (60), a fixing ring frame (62) fixedly installed at one end of the water inlet mounting cover (60), and a filter net (63) fixedly installed at one end of the fixing ring frame (62). The water inlet filter screen (61) is a 20-mesh screen made of polyethylene material, and the filter net (63) has a mesh count of 80 meshes.

5. The integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage filter assembly (8) includes a drainage mounting cover (80), and a drainage filter mesh (81) is fixedly installed at one end inside the drainage mounting cover (80). The drainage filter mesh (81) is a 20-mesh mesh made of polyethylene.

6. The integrated ecological crayfish farming pond under the photovoltaic fishery model according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of short connecting fixing rods (21) is set in multiple sets. The multiple sets of short connecting fixing rods (21) are evenly fixed below the photovoltaic panel long fixing rod (20). The short support frame rod (22) is fixed above the pond embankment (12). The long support frame rod (23) is fixed inside the aquaculture pond (11). The photovoltaic panel long fixing rod (20) is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel (3). The photovoltaic panel (3) has an inclination angle of eighteen degrees.

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