Laser engraving machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a laser engraving machine which comprises a laser engraving machine body, a first laser power meter and a second laser power meter, the laser engraving machine body is provided with a carrying table, a multi-axis moving assembly and a main control board, the multi-axis moving assembly is arranged above the carrying table, a laser generator is arranged on the carrying table, and the main control board is arranged on the carrying table. The laser generator and the multi-axis moving assembly are electrically connected with the main control board, a first laser power meter is further installed on the multi-axis moving assembly, a second laser power meter is installed on the carrying table, and the first laser power meter and the second laser power meter are in communication connection with the main control board. The laser engraving machine comprises two sets of laser power meters used for monitoring laser power in real time, one set of laser power meter is located at the output end of a laser tube, and the other set of laser power meter is located below a target to be cut. The laser engraving machine can monitor laser power in real time and adjust power output in a self-adaptive mode, and therefore the purposes of improving engraving quality, reducing machining errors and guaranteeing working safety are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser engraving and cutting equipment technology, and in particular to a laser engraving machine. Background Technology

[0002] Laser engraving and cutting technology is an important component of laser processing technology. Laser processing technology, with its advantages of wide material adaptability, high flexibility, high efficiency, and high precision, has been widely used in the processing of critical components in aerospace, shipbuilding, and mold making industries. However, current laser engraving machines can only control the power of the laser output, which is sufficient for engraving, but cannot measure or determine whether the laser power is sufficient to cut the workpiece during cutting. This makes it impossible to guarantee that the laser can cut the workpiece, and errors are easily introduced during the processing. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a laser engraving machine.

[0004] This utility model is implemented using the following method: A laser engraving machine includes a laser engraving machine body, a first laser power meter, and a second laser power meter. The laser engraving machine body is provided with a platform, a multi-axis moving assembly, and a main control board. The multi-axis moving assembly is located above the platform. A laser generator is installed on the platform. The laser generator and the multi-axis moving assembly are electrically connected to the main control board. The first laser power meter is also installed on the multi-axis moving assembly. The second laser power meter is installed on the platform. The first laser power meter and the second laser power meter are communicatively connected to the main control board. The first laser power meter is used to monitor the output power of the laser generator output terminal, and the second laser power meter is used to monitor the laser power after the laser emitted by the laser generator penetrates the workpiece to be cut.

[0005] Preferably, the first laser power meter includes a tail mirror sampling device, an integrating sphere, a detector, and a signal processing circuit.

[0006] Preferably, the second laser power meter includes a laser probe and a signal processing circuit. The laser probe is disposed on the platform and is used to receive laser light that penetrates the workpiece to be cut on the platform.

[0007] Preferably, the laser probe is a photoelectric probe or a thermoelectric probe.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-axis moving assembly includes an X-axis moving component and a Y-axis moving component, the Y-axis moving component being disposed above the stage, the X-axis moving component being disposed on the Y-axis moving component, and the nozzle of the laser generator being mounted on the X-axis moving component; or, the X-axis moving component being disposed above the stage, the Y-axis moving component being disposed on the X-axis moving component, and the nozzle of the laser generator being mounted on the Y-axis moving component.

[0009] Preferably, both the X-axis moving component and the Y-axis moving component include a motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut, and a guide rail. The lead screw nut passes through the lead screw and slides and is limited by the guide rail. The motor drives the lead screw. The guide rail of the X-axis moving component is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut of the Y-axis moving component, and the laser generator is fixedly connected to the nut of the X-axis moving component. Alternatively, the guide rail of the Y-axis moving component is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut of the X-axis moving component, and the laser generator is fixedly connected to the nut of the Y-axis moving component.

[0010] Preferably, the laser engraving machine is further provided with a water-cooling heat dissipation module and a water pump. The water-cooling heat dissipation module has a circulating water path that is circulated in connection with the laser generator. The water pump is located on the circulating water path and is used to drive the circulating water to circulate and cool the laser generator. The water pump is electrically connected to the main control board.

[0011] Preferably, the laser engraving machine is also equipped with a cooling fan to reduce the temperature of the circulating water, and the cooling fan is electrically connected to the main control board.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-axis moving assembly also has an air nozzle, which is connected to an air pump, which is connected to an air supply unit. The air pump is electrically connected to the main control board, and the outlet of the air nozzle points to the laser cutting position to purify and cool the cutting position of the workpiece.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a laser engraving machine, which, compared with the prior art, has at least the following technical effects: 1. By setting a first laser power meter and a second laser power meter on the laser engraving machine body, the first laser power meter monitors the power change of the laser generator output during the engraving process in real time and feeds the monitoring result back to the main control board in real time; the second laser power meter monitors the power change of the laser power penetrating the target to be cut during the cutting process in real time and feeds the monitoring result back to the main control board in real time, thereby realizing the monitoring of the laser power after penetrating the workpiece. When the second laser power meter detects that the laser power penetrating the target to be cut is lower than the minimum threshold set by the system, it automatically increases the output power; when the second laser power meter detects that the laser power penetrating the target to be cut is higher than the maximum threshold set by the system, it automatically decreases the output power, thereby improving the engraving and cutting quality, reducing processing errors, and ensuring work safety. 2. The first laser power meter is composed of a tail mirror sampling, an integrating sphere, a detector, and a signal processing circuit. The tail mirror is used for laser sampling, and the light intensity is attenuated by diffuse reflection after being integrated by the integrating sphere and then received by the detector, realizing real-time detection of laser power without affecting the laser output. 3. The second laser power meter uses either a photoelectric or thermoelectric probe. After the laser cuts the workpiece, it passes through the probe in the stage. The thermoelectric probe converts light energy into heat through a thermopile structure, and then into an electrical signal output. The photoelectric probe directly converts light energy into current or voltage signals through a photodiode to characterize the laser power. This allows for real-time detection of the laser power penetrating the target to be cut, and the main control board controls the laser generator to adjust the output power to a suitable level to ensure the flatness of the cut surface and processing accuracy. 4. The multi-axis moving assembly facilitates the movement of the laser generator's output end to a designated position on the workpiece for engraving or cutting. 5. A water-cooling module is installed to cool the laser generator and ensure stable output power. 6. A cooling fan is installed to assist the cooling module in cooling down, improving heat dissipation efficiency. 7. An air pump is also added to purify and cool the engraved target, contributing to improved processing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a laser engraving machine according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a first-view structural diagram of a laser engraving machine for removing the outer shell according to this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a front view of a laser engraving machine removing the outer shell according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a second-view structural diagram of a laser engraving machine for removing the outer shell according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a third-view structural diagram of a laser engraving machine for removing the outer shell according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a block diagram illustrating the control principle of a laser engraving machine according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a control flowchart of a laser engraving machine according to this utility model.

[0021] The following are the reference numerals: 1. Laser engraving machine body; 2. First laser power meter; 3. Second laser power meter; 4. Stage; 5. Multi-axis moving assembly; 6. Main control board; 7. Laser tube; 8. Water cooling module; 9. Water pump; 10. Cooling fan; 11. Air pump. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 7 A laser engraving machine includes a laser engraving machine body 1, a first laser power meter 2, and a second laser power meter 3. The laser engraving machine body 1 is provided with a platform 4, a multi-axis moving assembly 5, and a main control board 6. The multi-axis moving assembly 5 is located above the platform 4. A laser generator is installed on the platform 4. The laser generator and the multi-axis moving assembly 5 are electrically connected to the main control board 6. The first laser power meter 2 is also installed on the multi-axis moving assembly 5, and the second laser power meter 3 is installed on the platform 4. The first laser power meter 2 and the second laser power meter 3 are communicatively connected to the main control board 6. The first laser power meter 2 is used to monitor the output power of the laser generator, and the second laser power meter 3 is used to monitor the laser power after the laser emitted by the laser generator penetrates the workpiece to be cut. By installing a first laser power meter 2 and a second laser power meter 3 on the laser engraving machine body 1, the first laser power meter 2 monitors the power changes of the laser generator output during the engraving process in real time and feeds the monitoring results back to the main control board 6 in real time; the second laser power meter 3 monitors the power changes of the laser after it penetrates the target to be cut during the cutting process in real time and feeds the monitoring results back to the main control board 6 in real time. This allows for monitoring of the laser power penetrating the workpiece. When the second laser power meter 3 detects that the laser power penetrating the target to be cut is lower than the minimum threshold set by the system, it automatically increases the output power; when the second laser power meter 3 detects that the laser power after penetrating the target to be cut is higher than the maximum threshold set by the system, it automatically decreases the output power. This achieves the purpose of improving engraving and cutting quality, reducing processing errors, and ensuring work safety. The main control board 6 sends signals to control the laser high-voltage power supply to drive the laser generator to emit laser light.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 7 Preferably, the first laser power meter 2 includes a tail mirror sampling device, an integrating sphere, a detector, and a signal processing circuit. The first laser power meter 2 consists of a tail mirror sampling device, an integrating sphere (light intensity attenuator), a detector, and a signal processing circuit. According to the optimal diffuse reflection position requirement, the detector opening must be at a 90-degree angle to the incident light aperture. Therefore, this system follows this principle in designing the detector position. Laser sampling is performed using the tail mirror, and the light intensity is attenuated by diffuse reflection through the integrating sphere before being received by the detector. The transmittance of the total reflection mirror is 0.5%, and the light intensity reaching the detector after intensity attenuation is in the milliwatt range, below the detector's damage threshold. The detector converts the optical power signal into an electrical signal, with an output signal in the millivolt range. After amplification and filtering, the output signal is 0-10V. After analog-to-digital conversion and processing by the main control board 6, the user can obtain an accurate power measurement value. To protect the detector from damage, the laser beam is attenuated before being received by the detector, enabling real-time detection of the laser output power and providing feedback signals to the power control system. This achieves real-time detection of laser power without affecting the laser output. For details, please refer to "Real-time Power Detection and Control of High-Power CO2 Lasers", which will not be elaborated further.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 7 Preferably, the second laser power meter 3 includes a laser probe and a signal processing circuit. The laser probe is mounted on the stage 4 and is used to receive the laser light penetrating the workpiece to be cut on the stage 4. The second laser power meter 3 uses a photoelectric probe or a thermoelectric probe. After the laser cuts the workpiece, it irradiates the probe in the stage 4. The thermoelectric probe converts the light energy into heat through a thermopile structure, and then into an electrical signal output. The photoelectric probe directly converts the light energy into a current or voltage signal through a photodiode to characterize the laser power. This allows for real-time detection of the laser power penetrating the target to be cut, and the main control board 6 controls the laser generator to adjust the output power to a suitable level to ensure the flatness of the cut surface and the processing accuracy. The laser probe is either a photoelectric probe or a thermoelectric probe. Preferably, the second laser power meter 3 can be a TP1000-HP-25 type laser power meter, but it is not limited to this. The corresponding signal processing circuit and laser probe are existing and will not be described in detail or have specific protection requirements.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 5Preferably, the multi-axis moving assembly 5 includes an X-axis moving component and a Y-axis moving component. The Y-axis moving component is disposed above the stage 4, and the X-axis moving component is disposed on the Y-axis moving component. The nozzle of the laser generator is mounted on the X-axis moving component. Alternatively, the X-axis moving component is disposed above the stage 4, the Y-axis moving component is disposed on the X-axis moving component, and the nozzle of the laser generator is mounted on the Y-axis moving component. Both the X-axis and Y-axis moving components include a motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut, and a guide rail. The lead screw nut passes through the lead screw and slides and is limited by the guide rail. The motor drives the lead screw. The guide rail of the X-axis moving component is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut of the Y-axis moving component, and the laser generator is fixedly connected to the nut of the X-axis moving component. Alternatively, the guide rail of the Y-axis moving component is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut of the X-axis moving component, and the laser generator is fixedly connected to the nut of the Y-axis moving component. The multi-axis moving assembly 5 facilitates the movement of the nozzle end of the laser generator to a designated position on the workpiece for engraving or cutting. The laser generator consists of a laser tube 7, multiple reflectors, nozzles, etc. The reflectors are used to reflect the laser beam generated by the laser tube 7 to the nozzle for ejection, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 6 Preferably, the laser engraving machine is further equipped with a water-cooling heat dissipation module 8 and a water pump 9. The water-cooling heat dissipation module 8 has a circulating water path that is circulated in connection with the laser generator. The water pump 9 is located on the circulating water path and is used to drive the circulating water to circulate and cool the laser generator. The water pump 9 is electrically connected to the main control board 6. The main control board 6 controls the water pump 9 to fill the laser generator with circulating water for heat dissipation, enabling the laser generator to operate stably for a long time and ensuring cutting accuracy. For details on the water-cooling heat dissipation module 8, please refer to the patent document with publication number CN219004998U, which will not be described in detail here.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 6 Preferably, the laser engraving machine is further equipped with a cooling fan 10 to reduce the temperature of the circulating water. The cooling fan 10 is electrically connected to the main control board 6. The cooling fan 10 provides auxiliary cooling for the water-cooled heat dissipation module 8.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 6 Preferably, the multi-axis moving assembly 5 also has an air nozzle (not shown), which is connected to an air pump 11. The air pump 11 is connected to an air supply unit, and the air pump 11 is electrically connected to the main control board 6. The outlet of the air nozzle points towards the laser cutting position to purify and cool the cutting position of the workpiece. When the air pump 11 is working, the air nozzle purifies and cools the engraving target.

[0030] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0031] This laser engraving machine includes two sets of laser power meters for real-time monitoring of laser power. The first laser power meter 2 is located at the output end of the laser generator, and the second laser power meter 3 is located below the workpiece to be cut. This laser engraving machine can monitor laser power in real time and adaptively adjust the power output, thereby improving engraving quality, reducing processing errors, and ensuring work safety.

[0032] ① When the laser engraving machine is in engraving mode, the equipment automatically turns on the first laser power meter 2 at the output end of the laser generator to monitor the laser power output of the equipment in real time during the engraving process. When the first laser power meter 2 detects that the laser power output of the laser generator is higher than the highest threshold of the target to be engraved set by the system, the main control board 6 controls the laser generator to reduce the output power. When the first laser power meter 2 detects that the laser power output of the laser generator is lower than the lowest threshold of the target to be engraved set by the system, the main control board 6 controls the laser generator to increase the output power.

[0033] ② When the laser engraving machine is in cutting mode, the equipment automatically activates the second laser power meter 3 below the target to be cut, which monitors the laser power output of the equipment in real time during the cutting process. When the second laser power meter 3 detects that the laser power after penetrating the target is higher than the highest threshold set by the system, the main control board 6 controls the laser generator to reduce the output power. When the second laser power meter 3 detects that the laser power after penetrating the target is lower than the lowest threshold set by the system, the main control board 6 controls the laser generator to increase the output power (laser output power P=P(λ,0)×exp[-γ(λ)*L], the laser output power decreases as the laser transmission distance L increases, and the output power of the laser generator is dynamically adjusted in real time when the laser power meter detects that the laser power is higher / lower than the power threshold).

[0034] Several points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connection, or internal connection between two components, or direct connection. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationship. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0035] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0036] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions that fall within the scope of the present utility model are protected by the present utility model.

[0037] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of this utility model should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser engraving machine, comprising a laser engraving machine body, a first laser power meter, and a second laser power meter, wherein the laser engraving machine body is provided with a platform, a multi-axis moving assembly, and a main control board, the multi-axis moving assembly is disposed above the platform, a laser generator is disposed on the platform, and the laser generator and the multi-axis moving assembly are electrically connected to the main control board, characterized in that: The first laser power meter is also installed on the multi-axis moving assembly, and the second laser power meter is installed on the platform. The first laser power meter and the second laser power meter are communicatively connected to the main control board. The first laser power meter is used to monitor the output power of the laser generator output terminal, and the second laser power meter is used to monitor the laser power emitted by the laser generator that penetrates the workpiece to be cut.

2. The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first laser power meter includes a tail mirror sampling device, an integrating sphere, a detector, and a signal processing circuit.

3. A laser engraving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second laser power meter includes a laser probe and a signal processing circuit. The laser probe is mounted on the platform and is used to receive laser light that penetrates the workpiece to be cut on the platform.

4. A laser engraving machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser probe is either a photoelectric probe or a thermoelectric probe.

5. A laser engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-axis moving assembly includes an X-axis moving component and a Y-axis moving component. The Y-axis moving component is disposed above the stage, and the X-axis moving component is disposed on the Y-axis moving component. The nozzle of the laser generator is mounted on the X-axis moving component. Alternatively, the X-axis moving component is disposed above the stage, the Y-axis moving component is disposed on the X-axis moving component, and the nozzle of the laser generator is mounted on the Y-axis moving component.

6. A laser engraving machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the X-axis and Y-axis moving parts include a motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut, and a guide rail. The lead screw nut passes through the lead screw and slides and is limited by the guide rail. The motor drives the lead screw. The guide rail of the X-axis moving part is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut of the Y-axis moving part, and the laser generator is fixedly connected to the nut of the X-axis moving part; or, the guide rail of the Y-axis moving part is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut of the X-axis moving part, and the laser generator is fixedly connected to the nut of the Y-axis moving part.

7. A laser engraving machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laser engraving machine is also equipped with a water-cooling heat dissipation module and a water pump. The water-cooling heat dissipation module has a circulating water path that is circulated in connection with the laser generator. The water pump is located on the circulating water path and is used to drive the circulating water to circulate and cool the laser generator. The water pump is electrically connected to the main control board.

8. A laser engraving machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser engraving machine is also equipped with a cooling fan to reduce the temperature of the circulating water. The cooling fan is electrically connected to the main control board.

9. A laser engraving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-axis moving assembly also has an air nozzle, which is connected to an air pump. The air pump is connected to an air supply unit, and the air pump is electrically connected to the main control board. The outlet of the air nozzle points to the laser cutting position to purify and cool the cutting position of the workpiece.

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