Multi-axis machining center

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-axis machining center, which relates to the technical field of machining equipment and comprises a multi-axis moving device and a light path system. The multi-axis moving device comprises a base, a multi-axis driving component and a machining base. The multi-axis driving component comprises a translation driving assembly, a lifting driving assembly and a driving platform arranged on a base body. The light path system comprises a laser generating part, a laser beam combining part arranged on the multi-axis driving part and a laser machining part arranged on the machining base. The laser beam combining part comprises a first beam combining assembly and a second beam combining assembly. The translation driving assembly on the portal frame drives the machining base to move horizontally, the lifting driving assembly drives the machining base to move vertically, the third driving unit on the base body drives the machining platform to do translation motion relative to the machining base, at least three-axis machining motion is achieved, meanwhile, motion cascading of laser machining parts on the machining base is reduced, and machining efficiency is improved. Machining errors caused by movement of the machining base are reduced, and therefore the machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and more specifically, to a multi-axis machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Laser optical path design is a key and challenging aspect of laser cutting equipment. After the laser signal is emitted from the laser, it undergoes a series of processes including beam expansion, reflection, and focusing to ultimately form a laser beam for cutting the workpiece. This beam is then projected onto the workpiece surface to achieve the cutting process. Within the laser optical path, a galvanometer, driven by a drive mechanism, vibrates repeatedly at a preset frequency and angle to shape the laser optical path into a preset width, which is then projected onto a field lens. The field lens deflects the light beam of the preset width from the galvanometer, creating parallel rays that are emitted outwards.

[0003] Laser cutting equipment typically employs a multi-axis coordinated motion system (including at least three axes: X, Y, and Z) and achieves spatial positioning of the processing head through a precisely designed dynamic optical path structure. The laser transmission optical path is integrated into the movable seat of the motion mechanism, requiring multiple sets of reflectors (usually ≥3 sets) to achieve directional refraction of the beam, thereby ensuring the geometric stability of beam transmission during multi-axis linkage. However, the complex motion characteristics of multi-axis systems (such as accumulated mechanical errors, inter-axis coupling vibration, and thermal deformation effects) can lead to slight shifts in the optical path refraction angle. These, combined with factors such as mechanical transmission gaps, ultimately have a cascading effect on the laser focus position accuracy and beam pointing stability, resulting in focus drift and affecting processing accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on this, in order to solve the problem that existing laser cutting equipment uses a multi-stage mirror assembly mounted on the moving seat of the motion mechanism to achieve directional refraction of the laser beam, and that multi-axis motion systems are prone to cascading effects and affecting processing accuracy due to multi-axis motion, this utility model provides a multi-axis machining center, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A multi-axis machining center includes a multi-axis moving device and an optical path system. The multi-axis moving device includes a base, a multi-axis driving component, and a machining stand. The base includes a seat body and a gantry mounted on the seat body. The multi-axis driving component includes a translation driving assembly for driving the machining stand to move horizontally along the plane of the gantry, a lifting driving assembly for driving the machining stand to move vertically, and a driving platform mounted on the seat body. The driving platform includes a machining platform and a third driving unit for driving the machining platform to move horizontally perpendicular to the plane of the gantry. The optical path system includes a laser generating component mounted on the base, a laser beam combining component mounted on the multi-axis driving component, and a laser processing component mounted on the machining stand. The laser beam combining component includes a first beam combining component and a second beam combining component. The laser generating component generates a laser beam, the first beam combining component guides the laser beam to the laser processing component in the horizontal direction, and the second beam combining component guides the laser beam to the laser processing component in the vertical direction.

[0006] In the aforementioned multi-axis machining center, the translation drive assembly on the gantry drives the machining stand to move horizontally, the lifting drive assembly drives the machining stand to move vertically, and the third drive unit on the stand drives the machining platform to perform translational movements relative to the machining stand, thereby achieving at least three-axis machining actions. At the same time, it reduces the cascading motion of the laser processing components on the machining stand, reduces the machining errors caused by the movement of the machining stand, and thus ensures machining accuracy.

[0007] Furthermore, the laser generating component includes a laser generating assembly and a laser beam combining assembly; the laser beam combining assembly includes a transverse support mounted on the gantry and a guiding reflection structure mounted on the transverse support; the guiding reflection structure includes a reflector base and a reflector mirror mounted inside the reflector base; the reflector base has a light inlet and a light outlet, and the laser beam enters the interior of the reflector base from the light inlet, is reflected by the reflector mirror, and is emitted through the light outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the transverse support is a triangular support fixedly installed on the gantry frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser generating assembly includes a laser generator and at least one laser reflecting structure, wherein the laser generator refracts the laser beam onto the guiding reflecting structure through the laser reflecting structure; the laser generator is located behind the gantry.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser processing component includes a focusing lens and a focusing tracking unit. The focusing lens is used to converge the laser beam into a cutting focal point; the focusing tracking unit is used to monitor the relative height between the focal point of the focusing lens and the workpiece, and dynamically adjust the position of the cutting focal point.

[0011] Furthermore, the translation drive assembly includes a translation seat and a translation drive unit for driving the translation seat to perform translational movements relative to the gantry; the lifting drive assembly includes a lifting seat and a lifting drive unit for driving the lifting seat to perform lifting movements relative to the translation seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the first beam combining assembly includes a first reflective structure disposed on the translation seat; the second beam combining assembly includes a second reflective structure disposed on the lifting seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the translation drive unit drives the translation seat to perform translational movement along the horizontal X-axis direction, the lifting drive unit drives the lifting seat to perform lifting movement along the vertical Z-axis direction, and the third drive unit drives the processing platform to perform translational movement along the horizontal Y-axis direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the processing platform includes a mounting base, a rotating table, a swing mechanism, and a rotation mechanism; the swing mechanism is used to drive the rotating table to swing relative to the mounting base in a first plane; the rotation mechanism is used to drive the rotating table to rotate relative to the mounting base in a second plane; the first plane is the vertical plane containing the Z-axis, and the second plane is the horizontal plane containing the horizontal X-axis.

[0015] Furthermore, a protective cover is provided on the outer side of the laser beam path formed by the laser beam. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention can be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale; rather, the focus is on illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In different views, the same reference numerals designate corresponding parts.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-axis machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-axis machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-axis machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0021] 1. Multi-axis moving device; 2. Optical path system; 3. Base; 4. Multi-axis drive component; 5. Machining base; 6. Laser generating component; 7. Laser beam combining component; 8. Laser processing component;

[0022] 31. Base; 32. Gantry frame;

[0023] 41. Translation drive assembly; 42. Lifting drive assembly; 43. Drive platform;

[0024] 411. Translation mount; 412. Translation drive unit;

[0025] 421. Lifting seat; 422. Lifting drive unit;

[0026] 431. Machining platform; 432. Third drive unit; 433. Mounting base; 434. Rotary table; 435. Swinging mechanism; 436. Rotating mechanism;

[0027] 61. Laser generating assembly; 62. Laser beam combining assembly;

[0028] 621. Horizontal support; 622. Guiding reflection structure;

[0029] 611. Laser generator; 612. Laser reflection structure;

[0030] 71. First bundle combining assembly; 72. Second bundle combining assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with its embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and do not limit its scope of protection.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] In this utility model, "first" and "second" do not represent a specific quantity or order, but are merely used to distinguish names.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a multi-axis machining center according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-axis moving device 1 and an optical path system 2. The multi-axis moving device 1 includes a base 3, a multi-axis driving component 4, and a machining seat 5. The base 3 includes a seat body 31 and a gantry frame 32 mounted on the seat body 31. The multi-axis driving component 4 includes a translation driving component 41 for driving the machining seat 5 to move horizontally along the plane of the gantry frame 32, a lifting driving component 42 for driving the machining seat 5 to lift vertically, and a driving platform 43 mounted on the seat body 31. The driving platform 43 includes a machining platform 431 and a driving platform for the machining seat 5. The third drive unit 432 of the work platform 431 performs translational movement perpendicular to the plane of the gantry 32; the optical path system 2 includes a laser generating component 6 mounted on the base 3, a laser beam combining component 7 mounted on the multi-axis drive component 4, and a laser processing component 8 mounted on the processing seat 5. The laser beam combining component 7 includes a first beam combining assembly 71 and a second beam combining assembly 72; the laser generating component 6 is used to generate a laser beam, the first beam combining assembly 71 is used to guide the laser beam to the laser processing component 8 in the horizontal direction, and the second beam combining assembly 72 is used to guide the laser beam to the laser processing component 8 in the vertical direction.

[0036] In the aforementioned multi-axis machining center, the translation drive assembly 41 on the gantry 32 drives the machining base 5 to move horizontally, the lifting drive assembly 42 drives the machining base 5 to move vertically, and the third drive unit 432 on the base 31 drives the machining platform 431 to perform translational movements relative to the machining base 5, thereby realizing at least three-axis machining actions, reducing the cascading motion of the laser processing components 8 on the machining base 5, reducing the machining errors caused by the movement of the machining base 5, and thus ensuring machining accuracy.

[0037] In one embodiment, the laser generating component 6 includes a laser generating assembly 61 and a laser beam combining assembly 62. The laser beam combining assembly 62 includes a transverse support 621 mounted on the gantry 32 and a guiding reflection structure 622 mounted on the transverse support 621. The guiding reflection structure 622 includes a reflector base and a reflector mirror mounted inside the reflector base. The reflector base has a light inlet and a light outlet. The laser beam enters the reflector base through the light inlet, is reflected by the reflector mirror, and is emitted through the light outlet. In this way, by fixing the reflection structure with the transverse support 621, the interference of external vibration on the optical path is reduced, ensuring the stability of the laser transmission path.

[0038] In one embodiment, the transverse support 621 is a triangular support fixedly mounted on the gantry 32. This triangular support provides greater mechanical stability and suppresses resonance during high-speed translation (amplitude reduction of over 30%). Simultaneously, the compact structure reduces the space occupied by the optical path, supporting the miniaturization design of multi-axis machining centers.

[0039] In one embodiment, the laser generating assembly 61 includes a laser generator 611 and at least one laser reflecting structure 612. The laser generator 611 refracts the laser beam onto the guiding reflecting structure 622 via the laser reflecting structure 612. The laser generator 611 is positioned behind the gantry 32. This design facilitates a more compact structure, reduces the space occupied by the optical path, and supports the miniaturization design of multi-axis machining centers.

[0040] In one embodiment, the laser processing component 8 includes a focusing lens and a focusing tracking unit. The focusing lens is used to converge the laser beam into a cutting focal point; the focusing tracking unit is used to monitor the relative height between the focal point of the focusing lens and the workpiece, and dynamically adjust the position of the cutting focal point.

[0041] In one embodiment, the translation drive assembly 41 includes a translation base 411 and a translation drive unit 412 that drives the translation base 411 to perform translational movements relative to the gantry 32; the lifting drive assembly 42 includes a lifting base 421 and a lifting drive unit 422 that drives the lifting base 421 to perform lifting movements relative to the translation base 411. Thus, the independent driving of the X-axis for translation and the Z-axis for lifting reduces mechanical interference and facilitates improved multi-axis linkage response speed.

[0042] In one embodiment, the first beam combiner 71 includes a first reflective structure disposed on the translation seat 411; the second beam combiner 72 includes a second reflective structure disposed on the lifting seat 421. Thus, the reflective structure moves synchronously with the laser processing component 8, reducing the impact of displacement errors on the beam direction and ensuring processing accuracy.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the multi-axis drive component 4 further includes a drive platform 43, a translation drive unit 412 drives the translation seat 411 to perform translational movement along the horizontal X-axis direction, a lifting drive unit 422 drives the lifting seat 421 to perform lifting movement along the vertical Z-axis direction, and a third drive unit 432 drives the machining platform 431 to perform translational movement along the horizontal Y-axis direction. In this way, precise machining of the workpiece in the XYZ three-axis directions is achieved on the base 3.

[0044] In one embodiment, the machining platform 431 includes a mounting base 433, a rotary table 434, a swing mechanism 435, and a rotation mechanism 436. The swing mechanism 435 drives the rotary table 434 to swing relative to the mounting base 433 in a first plane. The rotation mechanism 436 drives the rotary table 434 to rotate relative to the mounting base 433 in a second plane. The first plane is the vertical plane containing the Z-axis, and the second plane is the horizontal plane containing the horizontal X-axis. Thus, the five-degree-of-freedom linkage (X / Y / Z + swing + rotation) supports the machining of three-dimensional parts such as aerospace impellers and irregularly shaped molds. Simultaneously, the rotary table 434 enables multi-angle positioning of the workpiece, reducing the number of clamping operations and improving efficiency.

[0045] In one embodiment, a protective cover is provided on the outer side of the laser beam path. This prevents laser scattering from injuring operators, meeting laser safety standards; at the same time, the protective cover isolates the optical lenses from dust and oil mist contamination, reducing maintenance frequency.

[0046] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0047] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-axis machining center, characterized in that, Includes multi-axis motion devices and optical path systems; The multi-axis moving device includes a base, a multi-axis drive component, and a machining seat. The base includes a seat body and a gantry frame mounted on the seat body. The multi-axis drive component includes a translation drive assembly for driving the machining seat to perform translational movements along the plane of the gantry frame, a lifting drive assembly for driving the machining seat to perform lifting and lowering movements, and a drive platform mounted on the seat body. The drive platform includes a machining platform and a third drive unit for driving the machining platform to perform translational movements perpendicular to the plane of the gantry frame. The optical path system includes a laser generating component mounted on the base, a laser beam combining component mounted on the multi-axis driving component, and a laser processing component mounted on the processing base. The laser beam combining component includes a first beam combining assembly and a second beam combining assembly. The laser generating component is used to generate a laser beam, the first beam combining component is used to guide the laser beam to the laser processing component in the horizontal direction, and the second beam combining component is used to guide the laser beam to the laser processing component in the vertical direction.

2. The multi-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser generating component includes a laser generating assembly and a laser beam combining assembly; The laser beam combining assembly includes a transverse support mounted on the gantry and a guiding reflection structure mounted on the transverse support. The guiding reflection structure includes a reflector base and a reflector disposed within the reflector base; The reflector is provided with a light inlet and a light outlet. The laser beam enters the interior of the reflector through the light inlet, is reflected by the reflector, and is emitted through the light outlet.

3. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal support is a triangular support that is fixedly installed on the gantry frame.

4. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The laser generating assembly includes a laser generator and at least one laser reflecting structure, wherein the laser generator refracts a laser beam onto the guiding reflection structure through the laser reflecting structure; The laser generator is located at the rear of the gantry.

5. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The laser processing component includes a focusing lens and a focusing tracking unit, wherein the focusing lens is used to converge the laser beam into a cutting focus; The focusing tracking unit is used to monitor the relative height between the focal point of the focusing lens and the workpiece, and dynamically adjust the position of the cutting focal point.

6. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The translation drive assembly includes a translation base and a translation drive unit that drives the translation base to perform translational movements relative to the gantry. The lifting drive assembly includes a lifting seat and a lifting drive unit that drives the lifting seat to move up and down relative to the translation seat.

7. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first beam combining assembly includes a first reflective structure disposed on the translation seat; The second beam-combining assembly includes a second reflective structure disposed on the lifting base.

8. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The translation drive unit drives the translation seat to perform translational movement along the horizontal X-axis direction, and the lifting drive unit drives the lifting seat to perform lifting movement along the vertical Z-axis direction; the third drive unit drives the processing platform to perform translational movement along the horizontal Y-axis direction.

9. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that, The processing platform includes a mounting base, a rotating table, a swing mechanism, and a rotation mechanism; The swing mechanism is used to drive the rotating platform to swing relative to the mounting base in a first plane. The rotating mechanism is used to drive the rotating platform to rotate relative to the mounting base in a second plane; The first plane is the vertical plane containing the Z-axis, and the second plane is the horizontal plane containing the horizontal X-axis.

10. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that, The laser beam path formed by the laser beam is equipped with a protective cover on the outside.

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