Civil structure experiment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a civil structure experiment device which is used for simulating the earthquake resistance degree of a building to be tested. Compared with the prior art, the device comprises a supporting plate for placing a building to be tested, and a driving mechanism on the lower side of the supporting plate drives the supporting plate to move left and right to simulate earthquake resistance. Different from the prior art, the front ends and the rear ends of the left side and the right side of the supporting plate are rotationally connected with front-back axial rotating shafts respectively, four mounting frames corresponding to the rotating shafts are arranged on the positioning plate on the lower side of the supporting plate, and each mounting frame is provided with a through groove for the corresponding rotating shaft to be inserted in. In the mounting frames on the left side and the right side, the center line of the through groove in at least one side is designed to be in a wave shape, so that the left side end of the supporting plate can synchronously move up and down when moving left and right, and the structure is closer to the dynamic wave shape of the ground in the actual earthquake. In addition, the center lines of the through grooves can be wavy and have different curvatures, so that the variation amplitude of the four corners of the supporting plate is increased, the earthquake with higher simulation intensity and more complex environment is simulated, and the accuracy of an experimental result is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of simulation device technology, and in particular to a civil structure experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of seismic testing of civil structures, traditional experimental devices usually consist of a support plate and a drive mechanism. The building to be tested is placed on the support plate, and the support plate performs left and right linear movements to simulate the seismic effect through the control of the drive mechanism.

[0003] However, the motion trajectory of traditional devices is relatively simple, limited to basic horizontal translation, and cannot accurately reproduce the complex morphology of ground dynamic waves in actual earthquakes. Seismic waves include P-waves (longitudinal waves) and S-waves (transverse waves), which cause vertical shaking and horizontal swaying of the ground, respectively, during earthquakes. Furthermore, surface waves, such as Love waves and Rayleigh waves, have complex propagation characteristics and can cause vertical and multi-directional coupled ground motions, which are difficult for traditional devices to simulate. This limitation leads to significant deviations between experimental results and actual earthquake conditions, making it difficult to accurately reflect the seismic performance of buildings, thus affecting the accuracy and reliability of assessments.

[0004] To overcome the above problems, this utility model proposes a novel civil structure testing device, which comprehensively realizes the multi-dimensional detection process of the tested building through a richer range of motion modes. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the limitations of existing technologies, this invention proposes a civil engineering structure testing device. This device, through a variety of motion processes, can more accurately simulate actual earthquakes, overcoming the problem of limited motion trajectories in existing devices. Furthermore, it compensates for the shortcomings of existing technologies in comprehensively testing building structures.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A civil engineering experimental device includes a support plate with a driving mechanism on its underside. The support plate moves left and right via the driving mechanism. A pivot shaft with a front-rear axial direction is rotatably connected to the front and rear ends of both sides of the support plate. A positioning plate is provided on the underside of the support plate, with four mounting brackets fixedly connected to its upper end. Each mounting bracket corresponds to one of the four pivot shafts. Each mounting bracket has a through slot. At least one of the mounting brackets on both sides has a slot with a wavy centerline. Each pivot shaft is inserted into its corresponding slot. The longitudinal width of each slot is equal to the diameter of the pivot shaft, and the transverse width of each slot is greater than the length of the support plate's movement trajectory.

[0008] Preferably, each mounting bracket has a through mounting hole with vertical axial direction at its lower end, and a fixing bolt is inserted into the threaded hole. In addition, the positioning plate has multiple threaded holes arranged in a rectangular array. At the same time, each fixing bolt is screwed to the positioning plate through the threaded hole.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the mounting bracket has a plurality of mounting holes, and a fixing bolt is inserted into each mounting hole at the lower end of the mounting bracket.

[0010] Preferably, each of the rotating shafts is in the form of a bolt, with the screw portion of the shaft screwed to the support plate, and the screw head of the shaft located on the side of the corresponding mounting bracket away from the support plate.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a drive motor, a cam is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and a driven rod is eccentrically rotatably connected to the cam, the driven rod being rotatably connected to the support plate via a universal joint.

[0012] Preferably, a tension spring is provided on one side of the support plate, and the two axial ends of the tension spring are movably connected to the support plate and the positioning plate, respectively. Furthermore, the central axis of the tension spring coincides with the direction of the movement trajectory of the support plate.

[0013] Preferably, the driven rod is rotatably connected to the cam via a positioning bolt, the cam has through holes for the positioning bolt, and the distance between different through holes and the central axis of the cam is not equal.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This invention, by setting rotating shafts on both sides of the support plate and cooperating with the design of a corrugated through groove on at least one side of the mounting bracket, allows the left end of the support plate to move up and down simultaneously while moving left and right. This composite motion mode simulates the complex morphology of ground dynamic waves during an earthquake, realistically reflects the stress state of the building, and significantly improves the reliability of the experimental results.

[0016] In practice, this invention constrains the centerlines of multiple through-slots to exhibit a wavy structure, with each through-slot having a different curvature. This allows the support plate to exhibit greater variation in its four corners during left-right movement, resulting in dramatic changes in the tilt angle and direction of its upper surface. This enables the device to simulate earthquakes of greater intensity and in more complex environments, expanding the range of earthquake scenarios that can be simulated in the experiment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the support plate and the mounting bracket of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the positioning plate and the drive mechanism of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Drive mechanism; 101. Universal joint; 102. Driven rod; 103. Drive motor; 104. Cam; 105. Through hole; 106. Positioning bolt; 2. Shaft; 3. Mounting bracket; 4. Support plate; 5. Tension spring; 6. Through groove; 7. Positioning plate; 8. Fixing bolt; 9. Threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 A civil engineering experimental device, similar to existing technology devices, includes a support plate 4 on which a building model is placed during the experiment.

[0024] The support plate 4 is provided with multiple positioning holes, through which the support plate 4 can be connected to the building model.

[0025] In addition, a drive mechanism 1 is installed below the support plate 4. This mechanism drives the support plate 4 to move left and right, thereby simulating the left and right swaying of the building model during an earthquake, in order to evaluate its seismic performance.

[0026] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The difference between this device and existing technology devices is that the left and right sides and the front and rear ends of the support plate 4 are all connected by rotating shafts 2 in the front and rear axial directions.

[0027] Meanwhile, a positioning plate 7 is provided below the support plate 4, and four mounting brackets 3 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the positioning plate 7. These four mounting brackets 3 correspond one-to-one with the four rotating shafts 2.

[0028] Therefore, this device has a through slot 6 on each mounting bracket 3 for the insertion of the rotating shaft 2. This device specifies that the center line of the through slot 6 on at least one of the mounting brackets 3 (left or right sides) has a wavy structure, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the center line of the left channel 6 is wavy, while the center line of the right channel 6 is horizontal. This design allows the left end of the support plate 4 to move vertically in sync with the left-right movement of the support plate 4, more closely resembling the shape of ground dynamic waves in actual earthquakes, thereby enhancing the reliability of the test results.

[0029] It is worth noting that, in practical applications, this device also allows the centerlines of multiple through slots 6 to exhibit a wavy structure, and further specifies that the curvatures of the centerlines of multiple through slots 6 are different. This design increases the range of change at the four corners of the support plate 4 when it moves left and right (the tilt angle and direction of the upper surface of the support plate 4 change significantly), which can simulate stronger and more complex seismic environments and ensure the accuracy of experimental results.

[0030] It should be noted that, such as Figure 2 The device specifies that the longitudinal width of the through groove 6 is equal to the diameter of the rotating shaft 2, ensuring effective constraint on the height of the rotating shaft 2.

[0031] At the same time, such as Figure 2 The device specifies that the transverse width of the through groove 6 is greater than the movement trajectory of the support plate 4 to avoid restricting its left and right movement.

[0032] In addition, each mounting bracket 3 has axial mounting holes at its lower end, and a fixing bolt 8 is inserted into each hole. The positioning plate 7 has multiple threaded holes 9 arranged in a rectangular array, and each fixing bolt 8 is screwed into the positioning plate 7 through one of these threaded holes 9. This bolted connection method allows for convenient adjustment of the position of the mounting bracket 3 on the positioning plate 7, thereby changing the curvature of the center line of the corresponding through groove 6 on the movement trajectory of the rotating shaft 2. This enables adjustment of the height variation during the left-right movement of a single rotating shaft 2 to adapt to different experimental requirements.

[0033] Correspondingly, the lower end of the mounting bracket 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the mounting bracket 3 is constrained by a plurality of fixing bolts 8 to ensure that the through groove 6 can stably constrain the rotating shaft 2 in actual application.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3In detail, the drive mechanism 1 consists of a drive motor 103, the output shaft of which is fixedly connected to a cam 104, which is eccentrically connected to a driven rod 102. The driven rod 102 is rotatably connected to the support plate 4. Therefore, when the drive motor 103 starts, the output shaft can drive the cam 104 to rotate. The eccentric design of the cam 104 cleverly enables it to drive the driven rod 102 to perform regular reciprocating motion when rotating. The rotatable connection between the driven rod 102 and the support plate 4 allows the reciprocating motion of the driven rod 102 to be transmitted to the support plate 4, thereby causing the support plate 4 to perform left and right reciprocating motion.

[0035] It should be noted that the driven rod 102 is rotatably connected to the support plate 4 through the universal joint 101. The structural characteristics of the universal joint 101 are fully utilized, thereby effectively solving the problem of possible stroke conflict between the driven rod 102 and the support plate 4.

[0036] It should be clarified that, in practical applications, the distance between the end of the driven plate and the central axis of the cam 104 determines the horizontal displacement distance of the support plate 4 under the action of the drive mechanism 1.

[0037] Therefore, this device rotatably connects the driven rod 102 to the cam 104 via positioning bolts 106. The cam 104 has multiple through holes 105, and the distances between these through holes 105 and the central axis of the cam 104 are different. By installing the positioning bolts 106 in different through holes 105, the distance between the driven rod 102 and the center of the cam 104 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the movement amplitude of the support plate 4 to adapt to different experimental requirements.

[0038] It must be emphasized that in practical applications, the drive motor 103 can also be a motor with adjustable output speed. This design can be combined with the adjustment of the movement amplitude of the support plate 4 to realize the switching of different working modes, namely high frequency, low amplitude or low frequency, large amplitude.

[0039] It is worth noting that a tension spring 5 is cleverly arranged on one side of the support plate 4. The two ends of the spring are movably connected to the support plate 4 and the positioning plate 7, respectively, and its central axis is precisely aligned with the direction of the movement trajectory of the support plate 4. The function of the tension spring 5 is to provide cushioning and reset during the movement of the support plate 4, ensuring the stability of the movement of the support plate 4.

[0040] Furthermore, this device specifies that each rotating shaft 2 is bolted, with the screw portion of the rotating shaft 2 screwed to the support plate 4, and the screw head of the rotating shaft 2 located on the side of the corresponding mounting bracket 3 away from the support plate 4. This connection method allows the device to adjust the length of the rotating shaft 2 inserted into the support plate 4 by rotating it, thereby adjusting the front and rear position of the support plate 4, that is, changing the horizontal distance between the center line of the driven rod 102 and the center axis of the cam 104, thus enabling the support plate 4 to have more diverse movement modes.

[0041] In the practical application of this utility model:

[0042] Basic motion transmission mechanism: When the support plate 4 performs left and right linear motion, the rotating shaft 2 mounted on it will move smoothly in the corresponding guide groove in sync. The special design of the guide groove results in different motion characteristics at the beginning of the motion.

[0043] The function of the wavy guide groove: When the rotating shaft 2 enters the wavy guide groove on at least one side of the mounting bracket 3, the wavy shape of the guide groove exerts a constraint and guiding effect on the rotating shaft 2. At the crest and trough of the wave, the rotating shaft 2 will be subjected to a component force perpendicular to the direction of linear motion. When the rotating shaft 2 rises to the crest, it will be subjected to an upward component force, causing the support plate 4 to tend to tilt upward; when the rotating shaft 2 slides downward to the trough, it will be subjected to a downward component force, causing the support plate 4 to tend to tilt downward.

[0044] The generation of composite motion: The aforementioned vertical tilting trend combines with the original horizontal linear motion, resulting in a complex composite motion state for the support plate 4. The test building undergoes this composite motion along with the support plate 4, thereby simulating the actual stress conditions under complex natural environments such as earthquakes and wind loads. For example, by simulating the composite motion generated by the wave-shaped guide channel during an earthquake, the different frequencies and amplitudes of seismic waves can be accurately reproduced, applying forces of varying directions and magnitudes to the building, thus scientifically evaluating the building's seismic performance and structural stability.

[0045] Continuity and Variation of Motion: As the drive motor 103 continues to operate, the support plate 4 repeatedly performs the aforementioned composite motion process. By adjusting the speed of the drive motor 103 and the position of the positioning bolt 106 on the cam 104, the speed and amplitude of the support plate 4 can be flexibly controlled, thereby changing the effect of the wave-shaped guide groove on the rotating shaft 2, and thus generating diverse composite motion modes to more comprehensively simulate actual working conditions.

[0046] Parameter adjustment mechanism: The speed of the drive motor 103 is adjusted according to the needs to change the movement speed of the support plate 4; the movement amplitude of the support plate 4 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the positioning bolt 106 in the through hole 105 of the cam 104 and the position of the fixing bolt 8 on the positioning plate 7.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A civil engineering experimental apparatus, comprising a support plate (4), a driving mechanism (1) provided on the lower side of the support plate (4), the support plate (4) moving left and right through the driving mechanism (1), characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the left and right sides of the support plate (4) are respectively rotatably connected to a front-rear axial rotating shaft (2); The support plate (4) is provided with a positioning plate (7) on its lower side. Four mounting brackets (3) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the positioning plate (7). The four mounting brackets (3) correspond one-to-one with the four rotating shafts (2). Furthermore, each mounting bracket (3) is provided with a through groove (6). Among the mounting brackets (3) on the left and right sides, the center line of the through groove (6) on at least one side of the mounting bracket (3) is wavy. Each of the said rotating shafts (2) is inserted into the corresponding through slot (6), and the longitudinal width of each of the said through slots (6) is equal to the diameter of the rotating shaft (2), and the transverse width of each through slot (6) is greater than the length of the movement trajectory of the support plate (4).

2. The civil structure experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each mounting bracket (3) has a through mounting hole with an upper and lower axial direction at its lower end. A fixing bolt (8) is inserted into each threaded hole (9). The positioning plate (7) has multiple threaded holes (9) arranged in a rectangular array. Each fixing bolt (8) is screwed to the positioning plate (7) through the threaded hole (9).

3. The civil structure experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (3) has a plurality of mounting holes through the lower end, and a fixing bolt (8) is inserted into the mounting hole at the lower end of each mounting bracket (3).

4. The civil structure experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned shafts (2) is in the form of a bolt, with the screw portion of the shaft (2) screwed to the support plate (4), and the screw head of the shaft (2) located on the side of the corresponding mounting bracket (3) away from the support plate (4).

5. The civil structure experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (1) includes a drive motor (103), a cam (104) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (103), and a driven rod (102) is eccentrically rotatably connected to the cam (104). The driven rod (102) is rotatably connected to the support plate (4) through a universal joint (101).

6. The civil structure experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: A tension spring (5) is provided on one side of the support plate (4). The two axial ends of the tension spring (5) are movably connected to the support plate (4) and the positioning plate (7) respectively. Furthermore, the central axis of the tension spring (5) coincides with the direction of the movement trajectory of the support plate (4).

7. The civil structure experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driven rod (102) is rotatably connected to the cam (104) via a positioning bolt (106). The cam (104) has a through hole (105) for the positioning bolt (106), and the distance between different through holes (105) and the central axis of the cam (104) is not equal.

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