Fuel cell system assembly structure of locomotive

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell system assembly structure of a locomotive, the locomotive comprises a fuel cell cabin and a fuel cell assembly assembled in the fuel cell cabin in an assembly form, and the fuel cell assembly comprises a fuel cell system and a heat dissipation system assembled above the fuel cell system. The fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system are integrated into an integral assembly and then assembled to the fuel cell cabin, so that highly modularized system layout is realized. The structure enables the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system to form a compact up-and-down combination relationship, optimizes the space utilization rate of the system, is convenient for integral hoisting operation, greatly improves the assembly efficiency, and is particularly suitable for application scenes with limited space, such as locomotives and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, in particular to an assembly structure of a fuel cell system of a locomotive. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional locomotives usually adopt diesel power systems as the main driving mode, although this technology is mature and reliable, but in practical application, there are prominent problems such as high pollution emission and large energy consumption. Diesel engine will produce a large amount of harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide (CO2) during operation, which not only causes serious pollution to the environment, but also contradicts the strategic goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutralization" of the world. Especially in heavy load operation scenes such as mines and ports, locomotives usually need to run for a long time under high load, and the problems of low energy efficiency and poor emission of diesel power system are further highlighted.

[0003] In recent years, pure electric technology as a clean energy solution has made significant progress in the field of passenger cars, but it still faces many technical bottlenecks in the application of large locomotives. Specifically, pure electric locomotives are limited by the energy density of existing battery technology, and generally have problems such as insufficient cruising range and long charging time, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of continuous operation under heavy load working conditions. In addition, the volume and weight of large-capacity power battery pack will significantly increase the vehicle load, further reducing energy utilization efficiency, and even affecting the mobility and workability of the vehicle.

[0004] Under this background, hydrogen fuel cell technology provides a new technical path for the clean energy transformation of large locomotives. Hydrogen fuel cell converts hydrogen energy into electricity through electrochemical reaction, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, zero emission and fast hydrogenation speed, and is especially suitable for special working condition requirements such as heavy load and long time operation. In addition, the energy density of hydrogen fuel cell system is significantly higher than that of traditional lithium battery, which can provide longer cruising range under limited space and load conditions, thereby effectively solving the core pain points of pure electric solution in the application of large locomotives. Therefore, the research and development of hydrogen fuel cell locomotives has important strategic significance for promoting the green transformation of the locomotive industry and achieving the "double carbon" goal. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] In order to solve the problem of large fuel consumption and environmental protection of traditional diesel power system, the present application provides an assembly structure of a fuel cell system of a locomotive, which can effectively combine the fuel cell system with the locomotive and effectively improve the environmental protection performance of the locomotive.

[0006] The application is achieved by the following means: the application provides a fuel cell system assembly structure of a locomotive, the locomotive comprising a fuel cell compartment and a fuel cell assembly assembled into the fuel cell compartment in the form of an assembly, the fuel cell assembly comprising a fuel cell system and a heat dissipation system assembled above the fuel cell system.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the locomotive is further provided with a power battery compartment and an air source compartment, and the fuel cell compartment is arranged between the air source compartment and the power battery compartment.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell compartment is provided with a maintenance passage, and the fuel cell system has a maintenance surface arranged towards the maintenance passage.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell system is provided with a plurality of subsystems, and the plurality of subsystems are arranged on both sides of the maintenance passage.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the heat dissipation system has an outer cover, and the outer cover has heat dissipation holes arranged obliquely.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell system comprises a plurality of subsystems, and the heat dissipation system comprises a plurality of sub-heat dissipation systems corresponding to the plurality of subsystems.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a sealing plate is arranged between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system, and pipelines between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system are connected through the sealing plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing plate has an insulating layer.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the shell of the locomotive is provided with a louvered folding door.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell system has a pre-filter, and a sealing strip is arranged between the pre-filter and the louvered folding door.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has at least the following technical effects:

[0017] 1、The application realizes a highly modularized system layout by assembling the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system into an integrated assembly and then mounting the integrated assembly to the fuel cell cabin. The structure forms a compact upper-lower combination relationship between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system, optimizes the system space utilization, facilitates the overall hoisting operation, and greatly improves the assembly efficiency. At the same time, the heat dissipation system is directly arranged above the fuel cell system, shortens the cooling pipe connection distance, effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency, and ensures the stable operation of the fuel cell system. This integrated assembly method not only ensures the integrity of the system, but also facilitates the overall disassembly during later maintenance, and is particularly suitable for space-limited application scenarios such as locomotives.

[0018] 2、The fuel cell cabin is arranged between the air source cabin and the power battery cabin, which realizes the optimization of the power system layout. The arrangement makes the fuel cell system and the power battery system form a compact adjacent relationship, shortens the power transmission path, and reduces energy loss. At the same time, the arrangement close to the air source cabin facilitates the use of the existing air source system to provide auxiliary support for the fuel cell. This three-cabin side-by-side layout not only optimizes the overall space allocation of the locomotive, but also improves the cooperation efficiency between systems, making the power system integration of the whole vehicle higher and the operation more stable and reliable.

[0019] 3、A special maintenance passage is arranged in the fuel cell cabin, and the maintenance surface of the fuel cell system is arranged towards the passage, which significantly improves the maintainability of the system. The design enables maintenance personnel to directly access the key maintenance parts of the fuel cell system through the maintenance passage, avoiding the cumbersome operation of disassembling peripheral components in the traditional arrangement, and shortening the regular maintenance time. The corresponding arrangement of the maintenance passage and the maintenance surface not only ensures the convenience of maintenance operation, but also ensures the safety of operation during maintenance, and is particularly suitable for harsh working conditions such as mine locomotives that require frequent maintenance, greatly improving the usability and operation efficiency of the system.

[0020] 4、Multiple fuel cell subsystems are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the maintenance passage, which realizes the optimization design of the system layout. The arrangement makes each subsystem can be conveniently maintained through the central maintenance passage, improving the maintenance efficiency; at the same time, this symmetrical distribution structure not only ensures the heat dissipation space of each subsystem when operating independently, but also facilitates the parallel management between systems. When a single subsystem fails, technicians can quickly locate and handle the problem through the maintenance passage, while other subsystems can still operate normally, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the locomotive power output.

[0021] 5. The outer cover with inclined heat dissipation holes is arranged on the top of the heat dissipation system, so that the heat dissipation performance and the protection performance are cooperatively optimized. The inclined heat dissipation holes are designed to enable the external airflow to be introduced into the heat dissipation system at the optimal angle, so as to improve the heat dissipation efficiency; meanwhile, the inclined structure can effectively prevent the direct invasion of foreign matters such as rainwater and dust. The innovative design not only meets the high-efficiency heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell system, but also adapts to the complex environmental conditions during the operation of the locomotive, so that the system can maintain the optimal working temperature while greatly improving the environmental adaptability and reliability.

[0022] 6. By adopting the one-to-one corresponding configuration of multiple sets of fuel cell subsystems and radiators, the modular redundancy design of the power system is realized. The architecture enables each fuel cell subsystem to obtain independent heat dissipation guarantee, and when a single subsystem fails, the corresponding radiator can be isolated synchronously, without affecting the normal operation of other subsystems, thereby ensuring the stability of power output. The point-to-point heat dissipation matching mode not only optimizes the thermal balance of the system and avoids the temperature gradient problem caused by traditional centralized heat dissipation, but also greatly improves the maintainability of the system.

[0023] 7. By arranging a sealing plate between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system and adopting a through-plate connection mode to pass through the pipeline, the structure sealing and system isolation inside the cabin are realized, so as to effectively prevent the risk of electrical short circuit caused by cooling liquid leakage and improve the safety of the system; meanwhile, the through-plate connection structure ensures the sealing reliability of the pipeline passing through the cabin, which is particularly suitable for the harsh operating environment of the mine locomotive.

[0024] 8. The through-plate has an insulating layer, which further improves the electrical safety performance of the system. The insulating layer can block the potential conduction between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system, thereby reducing the risk of electric leakage; meanwhile, its high-temperature resistance ensures the long-term stability under high-temperature working conditions of the heat dissipation system.

[0025] 9. The louver folding door is arranged on the locomotive shell, which optimizes the air intake and exhaust efficiency of the fuel cell system. The louver structure reduces the air intake resistance and improves the air flow under the premise of ensuring the structural strength of the cabin body; the folding design facilitates quick opening during maintenance, saves disassembly and assembly time compared with the traditional fixed cabin door, and the inclined louver angle can naturally guide rainwater and dust, thereby balancing the protection and ventilation performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system assembly structure of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system structure of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system and the air intake and exhaust system structure of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the plate structure of the present application.

[0030] The meanings of various marks in the drawings are as follows: 1, power battery compartment; 2, air source compartment; 3, fuel cell compartment; 31, subsystem; 310, maintenance surface; 32, maintenance passage; 4, heat dissipation system; 41, sub-radiator; 5, sealing plate; 6, insulation layer; 71, upper stainless steel connecting pipe; 72, lower stainless steel connecting pipe; 8, louver folding door; 9, silencer; 10, air filter; 11, pre-filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly, the following will combine with the drawings to make a detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0032] As shown in Figures 1-4 The utility model provides a kind of assembly structure of fuel cell system, specifically, locomotive is provided with fuel cell compartment 3 and fuel cell assembly, fuel cell assembly includes fuel cell system and heat dissipation system 4, heat dissipation system 4 is installed at the upper end of fuel cell system, fuel cell system and heat dissipation system 4 as component, with the form of fuel cell assembly Assembled into fuel cell compartment 3.

[0033] The present application is integrated into a whole component by integrating fuel cell system and heat dissipation system 4, and then assembled into fuel cell cabin, which realizes highly modularized system layout. This structure makes fuel cell system and heat dissipation system 4 form a compact upper and lower combination relationship, optimizes system space utilization, facilitates overall hoisting operation, and greatly improves assembly efficiency; at the same time, heat dissipation system 4 is directly arranged above fuel cell system, which shortens the connection distance of cooling pipeline, effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency, and ensures the stable operation of fuel cell system. This integrated assembly method not only ensures the integrity of the system, but also facilitates overall disassembly during later maintenance, and is particularly suitable for space-limited application scenarios such as locomotives.

[0034] Preferably, the locomotive is also provided with air source compartment 2 and power battery compartment 1, and fuel cell compartment 3 is installed between air source compartment 2 and power battery compartment 1. This arrangement makes fuel cell system and power battery system form a compact adjacent relationship, shortens the power transmission path and reduces energy loss; at the same time, the arrangement close to air source compartment 2 facilitates the use of existing air source system to provide auxiliary support for fuel cell. This three-compartment side-by-side layout not only optimizes the overall space allocation of the locomotive, but also improves the coordination efficiency between systems, making the power system integration of the whole vehicle higher and the operation more stable and reliable.

[0035] Further, the fuel cell compartment 3 is provided with a maintenance passage 32, and the fuel cell system is provided with a maintenance surface 310, which is arranged towards the maintenance passage 32. In this way, the maintenance personnel can directly access the key maintenance parts of the fuel cell system through the maintenance passage 32, avoiding the cumbersome operation of disassembling the peripheral components in the traditional arrangement, and shortening the conventional maintenance time. The corresponding arrangement of the maintenance passage 32 and the maintenance surface 310 not only ensures the convenience of the maintenance operation, but also ensures the operation safety during the maintenance process, and is particularly suitable for harsh working conditions such as mine locomotives that require frequent maintenance, greatly improving the usability and operating efficiency of the system. It can be understood that generally, the parts with low maintenance frequency of the fuel cell system are arranged on the side close to the power battery compartment 1 and the air source compartment 2, and the parts with high maintenance frequency are arranged on the side towards the maintenance passage 32, that is, the side towards the maintenance passage 32 is the maintenance surface 310 of the fuel cell system.

[0036] It can be understood that the anode of the fuel cell system is generally provided with a deionizer and other parts with high maintenance frequency, that is, the anode of the fuel cell system is generally arranged on one side of the maintenance surface 310 for easy maintenance and replacement. In addition, a drain valve is reserved at the low point of the fuel cell system to facilitate water drainage or water addition to the heat dissipation system 4, which is convenient for operation. At the same time, the pipeline segments of the heat dissipation system 4 are generally arranged at positions convenient for operation.

[0037] Preferably, the fuel cell system of the present application comprises a plurality of subsystems 31, which are arranged on both sides of the maintenance passage 32. This arrangement allows each subsystem 31 to be conveniently maintained through the central maintenance passage 32, improving maintenance efficiency. At the same time, this symmetrical distribution structure not only ensures the heat dissipation space when each subsystem 31 operates independently, but also facilitates parallel management between systems. When a single subsystem 31 fails, the technician can quickly locate and handle the problem through the maintenance passage 32, while the other subsystems 31 can still operate normally, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the locomotive power output.

[0038] In addition, the fuel cell system is also provided with a silencer 9, a pre-filter 11, an air filter 10 and other components. The silencer 9 is generally arranged on one side of the maintenance passage 32, while the air filter 10 and the pre-filter 11 are generally arranged at the upper end of the fuel cell system. By arranging multiple silencers 9, pre-filters 11 and air filters 10, each corresponding to a plurality of subsystems 31, the plurality of subsystems 31 can work independently, facilitating maintenance and replacement, and the system stability is higher.

[0039] In one specific embodiment, the fuel cell system has four sub-systems 31, a maintenance channel 32 is arranged between the four sub-systems 31, two sub-systems 31 are arranged on one side of the maintenance channel 32, and the other two sub-systems 31 are arranged on the other side of the maintenance channel 32. The maintenance surfaces 310 of the four sub-systems 31 on both sides of the maintenance channel 32 are arranged towards the maintenance channel 32, facilitating maintenance and replacement by personnel when the fuel cell system fails. The hydrogen supply pipelines of the four sub-systems 31 are connected in parallel, and a reserved interface is arranged in an area that is easy to maintain. The fuel cell assembly is connected with the hydrogen storage system after the assembly is completed.

[0040] It can be understood that when the fuel cell system includes multiple sub-systems 31, the heat dissipation system 4 can include multiple sub-heat sinks 41, which correspond one-to-one to the multiple sub-systems 31. This architecture enables each fuel cell sub-system 31 to obtain independent heat dissipation protection. When a single sub-system 31 fails, the corresponding heat sink can be isolated synchronously, without affecting the normal operation of other sub-systems 31, ensuring the stability of power output. This point-to-point heat dissipation matching method not only optimizes the thermal balance of the system, avoiding the temperature gradient problem caused by traditional centralized heat dissipation, but also greatly improves the maintainability of the system. Of course, in other embodiments, one heat sink can be arranged for multiple sub-systems 31 of the fuel cell system, without specific limitation.

[0041] Preferably, the top of the heat dissipation system 4 has an outer cover with heat dissipation holes inclinedly arranged. This inclined heat dissipation hole design enables external airflow to be introduced into the heat dissipation system 4 at the optimal angle, improving the heat dissipation efficiency; at the same time, the inclined structure can effectively prevent the direct intrusion of foreign matters such as rainwater and dust. This innovative design not only meets the high-efficiency heat dissipation needs of the fuel cell system, but also adapts to the complex environmental conditions during locomotive operation, enabling the system to maintain the optimal working temperature while greatly improving the environmental adaptability and reliability.

[0042] In the present application, a sealing plate 5 is arranged between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system 4, and the pipelines between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system 4 are connected through the plate. The design of the sealing plate 5 can play a role in dust and rain prevention. However, if holes are directly opened on the sealing plate 5 for the pipelines between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system 4 to pass through, water leakage is likely to occur. Therefore, the pipelines between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system 4 are connected through the plate. The upper and lower ends of the plate are both reserved with stainless steel connecting pipes. The upper stainless steel connecting pipe 71 is connected with the heat dissipation system 4, and the lower stainless steel connecting pipe 72 is connected with the fuel cell system. The plate is fixed with the sealing plate 5 by bolts, ensuring the sealing property and preventing water leakage.

[0043] Further, the through plate is provided with an insulation layer 6, further improving the electrical safety performance of the system. The insulation layer 6 can block the potential conduction between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system 4, reducing the risk of electric leakage; and its high-temperature resistance ensures long-term stability under high-temperature working conditions of the heat dissipation system 4.

[0044] In addition, the louver folding door 8 is arranged on the locomotive shell, and the air inlet and outlet efficiency of the fuel cell system is optimized. The louver structure reduces the air inlet resistance and improves the air flow under the premise of ensuring the cabin structure strength; the folding design facilitates quick opening during maintenance, saves disassembly and assembly time compared with the traditional fixed cabin door, and the inclined louver angle can naturally guide rainwater and dust, achieving a balance between protection and ventilation performance. In addition, a sealing strip is arranged between the pre-filter 11 and the louver folding door 8.

[0045] In the description of the utility model, it should be pointed out that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "one side", "the other side", "one end", "the other end", "edge", "opposite", "four corners", "periphery", "mouth" structure and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the structure has a specific orientation, is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0046] In the description of the utility model embodiment, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connection", "direct connection", "indirect connection", "fixed connection", "installation", "assembly" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; the terms "installation", "connection", "fixed connection" can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication between two elements. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Although the embodiments disclosed by the utility model are as above, the content described is only the embodiment adopted for the convenience of understanding the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model. Any person skilled in the art of the utility model can make any modification and change in the implementation form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model disclosed, but the patent protection range of the utility model still needs to be defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system assembly structure for a locomotive, characterized in that, The locomotive comprises a fuel cell compartment and a fuel cell assembly assembled into the fuel cell compartment in a component form, the fuel cell assembly comprising a fuel cell system and a heat dissipation system assembled above the fuel cell system.

2. The fuel cell system assembly structure according to claim 1, wherein The locomotive is further provided with a power battery compartment and an air source compartment, and the fuel cell compartment is arranged between the air source compartment and the power battery compartment.

3. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 1, wherein A maintenance passage is arranged in the fuel cell compartment, and the fuel cell system has a maintenance surface arranged towards the maintenance passage.

4. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 3, wherein The fuel cell system is provided with a plurality of subsystems arranged on both sides of the maintenance passage.

5. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 1, wherein The top of the heat dissipation system has an outer cover with heat dissipation holes arranged obliquely.

6. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 1, wherein The fuel cell system comprises a plurality of subsystems, and the heat dissipation system comprises a plurality of sub-heat dissipators corresponding to the plurality of subsystems.

7. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 1, wherein A sealing plate is arranged between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system, and pipelines between the fuel cell system and the heat dissipation system are connected through the sealing plate.

8. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 7, wherein The sealing plate has an insulating layer.

9. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 1, wherein The shell of the locomotive is provided with a folding louver door.

10. The fuel cell system assembly of claim 9, wherein The fuel cell system has a pre-filter, and a sealing strip is arranged between the pre-filter and the folding louver door.

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