High-energy-ratio guide rod type hydraulic pile hammer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-energy-ratio guide rod type hydraulic pile hammer which comprises an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam and a guide rod, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper cross beam, an upper cylinder cover and a lower cylinder cover are fixedly installed at the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder respectively, and the two ends of a piston rod fixedly connected with a piston penetrate through the upper cylinder cover and the lower cylinder cover respectively in a sealed mode to extend outwards. A pile hammer cylinder hole is formed in the pile hammer, the hydraulic cylinder body is movably sleeved with the pile hammer cylinder hole, and the piston rod penetrates through the pile hammer cylinder hole to be fixedly connected to the lower portion of the pile hammer; a valve block is fixedly installed at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder body, a cylinder cavity oil chamber and a cylinder hole oil chamber are arranged on the valve block, the cylinder cavity oil chamber leads to a cylinder cavity, located on the upper side of the piston, of the hydraulic cylinder body, the cylinder hole oil chamber leads to the upper end of a cylinder body oil hole in the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the lower end of the cylinder body oil hole is communicated with a cylinder cavity, located on the lower side of the piston, of the hydraulic cylinder body. According to the pile hammer, the number of external oil-way pipelines of the hydraulic hammer can be greatly reduced, and the striking energy ratio of the pile hammer can be effectively increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a pile driving machinery for building foundation construction, especially to a hydraulic pile hammer with a guide rod type pile hammer guide. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic pile hammer has the characteristics of high pile driving efficiency, low noise and small vibration, no oil smoke pollution, can realize higher impact energy and higher impact frequency construction requirements, and can meet the construction requirements of large foundation piles.

[0003] The hydraulic cylinder is the core component of the hydraulic pile hammer; the applicant applied for a "guide rod type swing cylinder hydraulic pile hammer" on May 10, 2019, patent application number 201910390802.0, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic pile hammer is supported on the upper cross beam, and the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the top end face of the pile hammer. In use, the hydraulic pile hammer with this structure has the following defects: first, the overall height of the hydraulic pile hammer is at least the sum of the length of the hydraulic cylinder when the piston rod is extended and the height of the pile hammer body. The extension length of the piston rod determines the lifting amplitude of the pile hammer along the guide rod, and the lifting amplitude and the weight of the pile hammer directly determine the impact energy of the hydraulic hammer. The greater the impact energy of the hydraulic hammer, the greater the extension and retraction range of the piston rod, the weight of the pile hammer and the height of the pile hammer, resulting in a very large overall height and weight of the hydraulic hammer. Not only does it bring great inconvenience to the transportation and installation of the hydraulic hammer, but also the weight ratio of the support member that does not generate impact kinetic energy of the pile hammer becomes very large, reducing the ratio of the impact energy of the pile hammer to the total weight of the pile hammer. Secondly, the existing pile hammer hydraulic cylinder includes a large number of assembly components and various external hydraulic oil inlet and outlet pipelines, which are prone to leakage under severe impact and vibration conditions. The excessive external oil pipeline is prone to entanglement and impact of the oil pipe during frequent reciprocating impact of the pile hammer, increasing the failure rate of the impact operation. The sliding core control valve structure used in the existing hydraulic hammer is complex, has small flow rate, large pressure loss, weak oil pollution resistance, low action sensitivity, and the response speed of the valve body restricts the impact frequency and impact energy of the hydraulic hammer. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a high-energy ratio guide rod type hydraulic pile hammer that can greatly reduce the external oil pipeline of the hydraulic hammer and effectively improve the ratio of the pile hammer impact energy to the total weight.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model discloses a high energy ratio guide rod formula hydraulic pile hammer, including upper crossbeam, lower crossbeam and guide rod, upper crossbeam and lower crossbeam are fixedly installed respectively in the both ends of guide rod, the pile hammer is supported on the guide rod and slides, the upper crossbeam is fixedly installed with hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder includes hydraulic cylinder body and piston, and the both ends of hydraulic cylinder body are fixedly installed with upper cylinder cover and lower cylinder cover respectively, and the both ends of piston rod fixedly connected with piston extend outward through upper cylinder cover and lower cylinder cover respectively, the pile hammer is provided with pile hammer cylinder hole, the pile hammer cylinder hole is movably sleeved to hydraulic cylinder body, and the piston rod passes through pile hammer cylinder hole and is fixedly connected with the lower part of pile hammer, the upper end of hydraulic cylinder body is fixedly installed with valve block, and the cylinder cavity oil chamber and cylinder hole oil chamber are arranged on the valve block, the cylinder cavity oil chamber leads to the cylinder cavity of hydraulic cylinder body on the upper side of piston, and the cylinder hole oil chamber leads to the upper end of cylinder body oil hole on the cylinder wall of hydraulic cylinder body, and the lower end of cylinder body oil hole is connected with the cylinder cavity of hydraulic cylinder body on the lower side of piston.

[0006] In the above structure, because the pile hammer is provided with the pile hammer cylinder hole, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower part of the pile hammer through the pile hammer cylinder hole, and when the hydraulic hammer lifts the hammer, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder can be sleeved into the pile hammer cylinder hole, so that the lifting and retracting stroke of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is overlapped in the cylinder hole of the pile hammer, so that the overall height of the hydraulic pile hammer can be greatly shortened, so that the weight of the guide rod and other support members that do not generate impact energy is reduced under the condition of ensuring the same impact energy, that is, the ratio of the impact energy to the total weight of the pile hammer is improved, forming a structure with high impact energy ratio; At the same time, the reduction of the total height of the pile hammer not only brings convenience to the transportation of the hydraulic hammer, but also facilitates and safely installs and debugs the pile hammer on the construction site. Because the cylinder body oil hole is arranged on the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the hydraulic control valve block is directly fixedly installed on the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder body, this structure not only avoids the external pressure oil delivery pipeline of the hydraulic cylinder, avoids the impact and winding of the external oil pipe, but also reduces the oil way connection point, avoids the oil way leakage, improves the working stability and reliability of the hydraulic cylinder; Directly installing the valve block and the cylinder cover on the hydraulic cylinder body not only improves the installation precision of the hydraulic cylinder and the valve block and other key components, makes the hydraulic cylinder structure more compact, but also enhances the overall rigidity and structural strength of the hydraulic cylinder, and is more suitable for reliable operation in the impact vibration environment. Using the guide rod as the guide piece of the pile hammer makes the hammering guide function more reliable, flexible and directional, so that its application range is further expanded; Moreover, using the guide rod as the guide piece is convenient for processing, manufacturing and installation, and is conducive to ensuring the movement precision of the pile hammer.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the hole diameter of the pile hammer cylinder hole is greater than or equal to the cylinder body outer diameter of the hydraulic cylinder body. This structure ensures that the hydraulic cylinder body and the piston rod can be sleeved into the pile hammer cylinder hole when the pile hammer works.

[0008] The lower end of the piston rod is connected with the pile hammer through a sliding pair, the sliding pair comprises an upper sliding body installed on the pile hammer and a lower sliding body installed on the piston rod, and the upper sliding body and the lower sliding body are in slidable contact with each other.

[0009] The bottom end surface of the pile hammer is fixedly provided with a pile hammer head, a hammer hole is formed in the lower cross beam, and the pile hammer head is movably arranged in the hammer hole.

[0010] The lower end of the piston rod is connected with the pile hammer through a sliding pair, the sliding pair comprises an upper sliding body installed on the pile hammer and a lower sliding body installed on the piston rod, and the upper sliding body and the lower sliding body are in slidable contact with each other.

[0011] The lower end of the piston rod is connected with the pile hammer through a sliding pair, the sliding pair comprises an upper sliding body installed on the pile hammer and a lower sliding body installed on the piston rod, and the upper sliding body and the lower sliding body are in slidable contact with each other.

[0012] The lower end of the piston rod is connected with the pile hammer through a sliding pair, the sliding pair comprises an upper sliding body installed on the pile hammer and a lower sliding body installed on the piston rod, and the upper sliding body and the lower sliding body are in slidable contact with each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] The high-energy-ratio guide-rod type hydraulic pile hammer is further explained in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 is a front structure view of a specific embodiment of the high-energy-ratio guide-rod type hydraulic pile hammer of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a top view;

[0016] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view of the front structure shown in

[0017] Figure 4 is Figure 1 an A-A sectional structure view of

[0018] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a connecting structure view of the pile hammer and the hydraulic cylinder in the structure shown in

[0019] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a structure view of the hydraulic cylinder in

[0020] Figure 7 is Figure 5 a pile hammer structure view in

[0021] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a top view.

[0022] In the drawings, 1 is a lower crossbeam, 2 is a pile hammer, 3 is a guide rod, 4 is an upper crossbeam, 5 is a guide rod lifting ring, 6 is a valve block, 7 is an energy accumulator, 8 is an oil inlet and outlet pipe, 9 is a hydraulic cylinder body, 10 is a cylinder body sheath, 11 is a pile cap, 12 is a piston rod, 13 is a piston, 14 is an upper cylinder cover, 15 is a cylinder cavity oil chamber, 16 is a cylinder hole oil chamber, 17 is a cylinder body oil hole, 18 is a cylinder body communication oil hole, 19 is a lower cylinder cover, 20 is a pile cap top cover, 21 is a lower sliding body, 22 is a locking nut, 23 is a pile hammer head, 24 is a replacement driving pad, 25 is a pile cap top cover, 26 is a pile hammer pad, 27 is a noise control cavity, and 28 is a pile hammer cylinder hole. Specific Embodiment

[0023] As Figure 1 , Figure 2The high-energy-density guide rod type hydraulic pile hammer shown includes two vertically parallel guide rods 3. An upper crossbeam 4 is fixedly installed at the top of the two guide rods 3, and a lower crossbeam 1 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the two guide rods 3. A pile hammer 2 is slidably mounted on the two guide rods 3 between the upper crossbeam 4 and the lower crossbeam 1. A hydraulic cylinder for lifting the pile hammer 2 is installed on the upper crossbeam 4. A valve block 6 is installed on the top of the hydraulic cylinder, and inlet and outlet oil pipes 8 are connected to the valve block 6. The inlet and outlet oil pipes 8 include an inlet pipe and a return pipe. An accumulator 7 is also installed on the valve block 6. The accumulator 7 includes at least a high-pressure accumulator and a low-pressure accumulator. The high-pressure accumulator is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit, and the low-pressure accumulator is connected to the return oil circuit. A pile cap 11 is also installed at the lower end of the lower crossbeam 1, and a guide rod lifting ring 5 is fixedly installed at the upper top of the guide rods 3 for lifting the entire hydraulic pile hammer.

[0024] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the upper ends of both guide rods 3 are fitted with guide rod lifting rings 5, and the upper ends of both guide rods 3 are inserted into the guide rod holes of the upper crossbeam 4. The upper crossbeam 4 and the guide rod lifting rings 5 ​​are fixedly installed on the upper ends of the guide rods 3 by means of pins.

[0025] The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body 9 and a piston 13. The piston 13 is slidably disposed in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder body 9. Piston rods 12 extending outward are disposed on both sides of the piston 13. The piston 13 and the piston rods 12 at both ends are an integral structure. Twelve cylinder oil holes 17 are disposed on the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body 9. These cylinder oil holes 17 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body 9 and are parallel to the center line of the hydraulic cylinder body 9. An upper cylinder cover 14 is sealed and fitted into the upper end of the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body 9, and a lower cylinder cover 19 is sealed and fitted into the lower end of the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body 9. The piston rods 12 at both ends of the piston 13 extend to both ends through the upper cylinder cover 14 and the lower cylinder cover 19 respectively, thus forming a double-rod hydraulic cylinder.

[0026] A valve block 6 is fixedly fitted onto the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder body 9. The valve block 6 has a cylinder chamber oil chamber 15 and a cylinder bore oil chamber 16, which are arranged in a ring shape. The cylinder chamber oil chamber 15 is directly connected to the cylinder chamber of the hydraulic cylinder body 9 located above the piston 13. The cylinder bore oil chamber 16 is connected to the upper end of each cylinder oil hole 17. The lower end of each cylinder oil hole 17 is connected to the cylinder chamber of the hydraulic cylinder body 9 located below the piston 13 through the corresponding cylinder connecting oil hole 18. When high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the cylinder chamber of the hydraulic cylinder body 9 below the piston 13 from the cylinder bore oil chamber 16, cylinder oil holes 17, and cylinder oil passage holes 18, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder chamber of the hydraulic cylinder body 9 above the piston 13 returns through the cylinder chamber oil chamber 15. A cartridge valve core is installed on the valve block 6, and the inlet and outlet oil pipes 8 are connected to the cylinder chamber oil chamber 15 and the cylinder bore oil chamber 16 through the cartridge valve oil circuit on the valve block 6. In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder and the control oil circuit on the valve block 6 constitute a differential hydraulic cylinder.

[0027] As shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8 , the center line of the pile hammer 2 is provided with a pile hammer cylinder hole 28, and two guide rod holes are also provided on the pile hammer 2, and the pile hammer cylinder hole 28 is located between the two guide rod holes. A cylinder sheath 10 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the pile hammer 2, and the cylinder sheath 10 is located at the upper hole end of the pile hammer cylinder hole 28. The pile hammer cylinder hole 28 is movably sleeved to the hydraulic cylinder 9, so that the hydraulic cylinder 9 moves reciprocatingly along the hole center line in the sleeve hole of the pile hammer cylinder hole 28 and the cylinder sheath 10. A nylon sealing ring plate is embedded on the upper hole edge of the cylinder sheath 10.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the lower end surface of the pile hammer 2 is provided with a mounting groove of the piston rod 12. An upper sliding body 20 is fixedly installed on the groove bottom of the pile hammer 2 by a pressing block and a bolt. A lower sliding body 21 is installed on the lower rod end of the piston rod 12 through the pile hammer cylinder hole 28 and the upper sliding body 20. The lower sliding body 21 is fixedly installed on the rod end of the piston rod 12 through a locking nut 22 of the rod end of the piston rod 12. The upper sliding body 20 and the lower sliding body 21 are circular hole plates that can slide relative to each other. This structure can eliminate the radial offset force of the pile hammer 2 on the piston rod, and avoid the generation of bending moment on the piston rod to affect the normal reciprocating movement and service life of the piston rod. The contact sliding surfaces of the upper sliding body 20 and the lower sliding body 21 in the above embodiment can be flat, and can also be spherical. The locking nut 22 includes two nuts that are tightly connected to each other and have different pitches to form a locking structure. A pile hammer head 23 is fixedly installed on the bottom end surface of the pile hammer 2, and the center line of the pile hammer head 23 is collinear with the hammer center line of the pile hammer 2. According to the size of the lifting and reciprocating stroke, a pile hammer pad 26 can be installed at the position of the pile hammer head 23 and the mounting groove opening end of the piston rod 12 of the pile hammer 2.

[0029] The lower ends of the two guide rods 3 are fixedly installed through corresponding pin shafts. The middle position of the lower cross beam 1 is a hammer head through hole. The lower cross beam 1 is fixedly connected with the guide rods 3 through the guide rod mounting ear plates on both sides of the hammer head through hole. The lower rod ends of the guide rods 3 penetrate into the guide rod holes of the guide rod mounting ear plates and are fixedly connected with the lower cross beam 1 through the pin shafts. When the pile hammer head 23 strikes with the pile hammer 2, the pile hammer head 23 enters the hammer head through hole of the lower cross beam 1 with a gap, and strikes the pile cap top cover 25 through the replacement pad 24. The lower end surface of the pile cap top cover 25 is fixedly connected with the pile cap 11, and the pile cap 11 and the pile cap top cover 25 are fixedly connected with each other and hung on the lower cross beam 1. The replacement pad 24, the pile cap top cover 25 and the pile cap 11 all adopt the general structure of a pile hammer.

[0030] The hammer head through hole wall of the lower cross beam 1 is double-layer structure to form a noise control cavity 27, and a plurality of perforations are uniformly distributed on the inner hole wall of the noise control cavity 27, and a sound absorption layer is covered on the outer hole wall surface of the noise control cavity 27, and the sound absorption layer is a rubber plate sound absorption layer. Sound absorption material is filled in the cavity of the noise control cavity 27, and the sound absorption material can be commonly used sound absorption and sound insulation materials such as glass fiber or rock wool fiber.

[0031] The above only lists some preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and many improvements and changes can be made. As long as the improvements and changes are made on the basis of the basic principles of the present application, they should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-energy-ratio guide rod type hydraulic pile hammer, comprising an upper cross beam (4), a lower cross beam (1) and a guide rod (3), the upper cross beam (4) and the lower cross beam (1) being fixedly installed at two ends of the guide rod (3) respectively, a pile hammer (2) being slidingly supported on the guide rod (3), a hydraulic cylinder being fixedly installed on the upper cross beam (4), the hydraulic cylinder comprising a hydraulic cylinder body (9) and a piston (13), an upper cylinder cover (14) and a lower cylinder cover (19) being fixedly installed at two ends of the hydraulic cylinder body (9) respectively, a piston rod (12) fixedly connected with the piston (13) extending outwardly through the upper cylinder cover (14) and the lower cylinder cover (19) in a sealed manner at two ends thereof, characterized in that: The pile hammer (2) is provided with a pile hammer cylinder hole (28) movably sleeved to a hydraulic cylinder body (9), the piston rod (12) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pile hammer (2) through the pile hammer cylinder hole (28); the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder body (9) is fixedly installed with a valve block (6), the valve block (6) is provided with a cylinder cavity oil chamber (15) and a cylinder hole oil chamber (16), the cylinder cavity oil chamber (15) is communicated with the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body (9) on the upper side of the piston (13), and the cylinder hole oil chamber (16) is communicated with the upper end of the cylinder oil hole (17) in the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body (9), and the lower end of the cylinder oil hole (17) is communicated with the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body (9) on the lower side of the piston (13).

2. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the pile hammer cylinder hole (28) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the hydraulic cylinder body (9).

3. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: The lower end of the piston rod (12) is connected with the pile hammer (2) through a sliding pair, the sliding pair comprises an upper sliding body (20) installed on the pile hammer (2) and a lower sliding body (21) installed on the piston rod (12), and the upper sliding body (20) and the lower sliding body (21) are slidably contacted with each other.

4. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 3, wherein: The contact sliding surfaces of the upper sliding body (20) and the lower sliding body (21) are planes or spherical surfaces.

5. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: The bottom end surface of the pile hammer (2) is fixedly installed with a pile hammer head (23); the lower cross beam (1) is provided with a hammer head through hole, and the pile hammer head (23) is movably arranged in the hammer head through hole.

6. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 5, wherein: A noise control cavity (27) is arranged on the hole wall of the hammer head through hole, the noise control cavity (27) is filled with sound-absorbing material, a plurality of perforations are uniformly distributed on the inner cavity wall of the noise control cavity (27), and a sound-absorbing layer is covered on the outer cavity wall surface of the noise control cavity (27).

7. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 5 wherein: A pile cap top cover (25) is movably arranged in the hole cavity of the hammer head through hole, a replacement pad (24) is installed on the upper end surface of the pile cap top cover (25), and a pile cap (11) is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the pile cap top cover (25).

8. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: The pile hammer (2) is provided with a cylinder sleeve (10), the cylinder sleeve (10) is located at the upper hole end of the pile hammer cylinder hole (28), and the sleeve hole diameter of the cylinder sleeve (10) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the pile hammer cylinder hole (28).

9. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: The valve block (6) is communicated with an inlet and outlet oil pipe (8), the inlet and outlet oil pipe (8) is communicated with the cylinder cavity oil chamber (15) and the cylinder hole oil chamber (16) through corresponding plug-in valves; the lower end of the cylinder oil hole (17) is communicated with the barrel cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body (9) through a cylinder oil hole (18).

10. The high energy ratio guide rod hydraulic pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: A plurality of cylinder oil holes (17) are arranged on the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body (9), the cylinder oil holes (17) are parallel to the center line of the hydraulic cylinder body (9) and are uniformly arranged around the cylinder wall; the hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the guide rod (3), and the hydraulic cylinder is a double-rod hydraulic cylinder.

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