System for improving thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment. The system comprises a drying system, a sealed feeding system, a gasifying and melting system, a combustion system and a deslagging system, the sealed feeding system is connected between the drying system and the gasifying and melting system; the drying system is connected with the combustion system; the gasification melting system is connected with the combustion system; the deslagging system comprises a water quenching system capable of providing high-pressure water and a heat exchange system; a liquid slag inlet of the water quenching system is connected with a liquid slag outlet of the gasification melting system, a water vapor outlet of the water quenching system is connected with a gasification agent inlet of the gasification melting system, and the other water vapor outlet of the water quenching system is connected with the heat exchange system; the heat exchange system is connected with the combustion system. According to the utility model, the water-quenched steam is used as a gasifying agent and exchanges heat with air through the heat exchange system to output hot air, so that the gasification efficiency of fixed carbon is remarkably improved, the hydrogen content in the crude synthesis gas is improved, the additional value of the crude synthesis gas is improved, waste heat utilization is realized, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of organic solid waste processing system, especially a kind of system for improving organic solid waste disposal thermal efficiency. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the main treatment methods of organic solid waste include landfill, incineration, physical method, chemical method, etc., but there are still problems such as incomplete harmless treatment, high treatment cost and secondary pollution to the environment in the treatment process.

[0003] Gasification melting process is a process in which organic solid waste is partially combusted to generate combustible gas under the condition of controlled oxygen (air) supply, while fly ash and bottom ash are melted. This technology can more efficiently recover resources and energy from organic solid waste, while meeting more stringent organic solid waste pollution emission standards, maximizing the harmless and resource utilization of hazardous solid waste, and avoiding secondary pollution. It is a very potential method for organic solid waste disposal.

[0004] Patent CN105605581A discloses a vertical garbage gasification melting furnace. Garbage enters the melting furnace body from the top charging device and moves downward in the vertical furnace. Through heat exchange with the rising high-temperature gas, the garbage gradually realizes drying and pyrolysis to generate combustible gas and ash. The ash further moves downward into the lower combustion zone to realize gasification melting of the ash. This process is simple, the system is well sealed, and the heat utilization rate is high. However, in actual projects, the moisture content and organic matter content of organic solid waste entering the furnace are unstable, and the heat required for drying and pyrolysis and the heat generated by the remaining fixed carbon cannot be controlled, resulting in unstable melting segment temperature and unstable system operation.

[0005] Patent CN108097703A discloses a plasma gasification melting system for centralized treatment of solid waste. The system effectively utilizes the sensible heat of high-temperature gas generated by the system through a heat exchanger and a waste heat recovery system, and uses a grate furnace to dry and gasify solid waste. Only the generated ash is treated by high-temperature plasma melting to avoid direct use of plasma for drying, pyrolysis and gasification of solid waste, effectively reducing system energy consumption. However, the system uses a heat exchanger for waste heat recovery, which can easily block the heat exchange equipment due to the presence of tar dust in the crude synthesis gas, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency and high failure rate. At the same time, the air after heat exchange directly enters the grate, and the temperature and flow cannot be effectively controlled according to the changes in raw materials. After gasification, the solid waste still needs to be heated by plasma to reach the melting temperature of solid waste, and the thermal efficiency of the system needs to be further improved.

[0006] The existing high-temperature melting gasification technology basically realizes harmless, reduction, stabilization and resource of organic solid waste, and is environmentally friendly, but still has many deficiencies, such as low heat utilization rate, high energy consumption, and poor control of furnace gas and furnace reducing atmosphere, and the system needs to be further optimized. Practical new type content

[0007] Practical new type purpose: The purpose of the present application is to provide a system for improving the heat efficiency of organic solid waste disposal, which has high heat utilization rate, low energy consumption, and easy control of furnace gas and furnace reducing atmosphere.

[0008] Technical scheme: The system for improving the heat efficiency of organic solid waste disposal, comprising a drying system, a sealed feeding system, a gasification melting system, a combustion system, and a slag discharge system, wherein the sealed feeding system is connected between the discharge port of the drying system and the feeding port of the gasification melting system; the high-temperature flue gas inlet of the drying system is connected with the high-temperature flue gas outlet of the combustion system, and the flue gas outlet after heat exchange is connected with the circulating air inlet of the combustion system; the coarse synthesis gas outlet of the gasification melting system is connected with the coarse synthesis gas inlet of the combustion system; the slag discharge system comprises a water quenching system capable of providing high-pressure water and a heat exchange system; the liquid molten slag inlet of the water quenching system is connected with the liquid molten slag outlet of the gasification melting system, and is used to rapidly cool and heat the liquid molten slag by the high-pressure water of the water quenching system to generate water vapor; the water vapor outlet of the water quenching system is provided with two outlets, one of which is connected with the gasification agent inlet of the gasification melting system, and the other is connected with the water vapor inlet of the heat exchange system; the hot air outlet of the heat exchange system is connected with the primary air inlet of the combustion system, and is used to send the hot air generated by the heat exchange of air and water vapor into the combustion system.

[0009] The gasification melting system comprises a gasification melting furnace, and the gasification melting furnace comprises a pyrolysis gasification section located at an upper section and a melting section located at a lower section; the upper part of the pyrolysis gasification section is a pyrolysis section, and the lower part is a gasification section; the pyrolysis gasification section is provided with a gasification melting system feeding port connected with the sealed feeding system, a gasification agent inlet, and a coarse synthesis gas outlet; the melting section is provided with an oxygen-enriched air inlet, a liquid molten slag outlet, and a heavy metal outlet.

[0010] The combustion system comprises a low-nitrogen combustion furnace connected with independent burners; the combustion furnace is provided with a coarse synthesis gas inlet, a primary air inlet, a circulating air inlet, and a high-temperature flue gas outlet; the coarse synthesis gas inlet is connected with the coarse synthesis gas outlet of the gasification melting system; the primary air inlet is connected with the hot air outlet of the heat exchange system; the circulating air inlet is connected with the flue gas outlet after heat exchange of the drying system; and the high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet.

[0011] The independent burners are arranged symmetrically above and below the primary air inlet, and the coarse synthesis gas inlet is arranged vertically with the independent burners and the primary air inlet.

[0012] The circulating air inlet is arranged at the tail of the low-nitrogen combustion furnace, and the crude synthetic gas inlet is arranged at the head of the low-nitrogen combustion furnace.

[0013] The water quenching system further comprises a water storage solid slag storage pool connected with the liquid slag inlet, a high-pressure water flushing spray gun arranged above the water storage solid slag storage pool and a gas collecting hood.

[0014] The gas collecting hood is arranged below the water storage solid slag storage pool and connected with the water storage solid slag storage pool through a pipeline.

[0015] The heat exchange system further comprises an air inlet and a condensed water outlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected with the water storage solid slag storage pool.

[0016] The drying system comprises a rotary dryer, and the rotary dryer comprises a kiln head, a kiln body and a kiln tail. The kiln head is provided with a raw material inlet connected with a screw feeder and a kiln head flue gas inlet. The kiln body comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a ring system formed by the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The kiln tail is provided with an evaporation water outlet, a drying system discharge outlet and a material temperature tester. The outer cylinder is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a heat-exchanged flue gas outlet. The kiln head flue gas inlet is connected with the heat-exchanged flue gas outlet. The inner cylinder is internally provided with a spiral baffle for guiding the effective advancement of the material and increasing the heating area. The heat-exchanged flue gas outlet is provided with two pipelines, one of which is connected with the circulating air inlet of the combustion furnace, and the other of which is connected with the flue gas inlet of the kiln head.

[0017] The sealing feeding system comprises a lower feeding pipe sequentially connected with the drying system discharge outlet and the gasification and melting system feeding inlet. The lower feeding pipe is provided with an upper locking valve and a lower locking valve at positions close to the drying system discharge outlet and the gasification and melting system feeding inlet. The upper locking valve and the lower locking valve form a locking bin. The lower feeding pipe is provided with an arch breaking device for rotating the material in the lower feeding pipe. The arch breaking device comprises an arch breaking ring attached to the lower feeding pipe and a driving motor connected with the arch breaking ring. The lower feeding pipe is arranged vertically below the kiln tail of the rotary dryer.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following remarkable effects:

[0019] (1) the utility model discloses a water quenching device of slagging system, and the water quenching water vapor produced by the high-pressure water impact of the liquid slag produced by gasification melting system, part of which is used as the gasification agent of gasification melting system, and the proper water quenching water vapor enters the gasification section of gasification melting furnace, which can significantly improve the gasification efficiency of fixed carbon, increase the hydrogen content in the crude synthetic gas, and further improve the added value of the crude synthetic gas, and the other part exchanges heat with air in the heat exchange system and outputs hot air as the primary air of the combustion system, realizing waste heat utilization and improving the thermal efficiency of the system.

[0020] (2) the water quenching device can realize adjustable and controllable output of water quenching water vapor, realizing water recycling while utilizing the waste heat of water vapor.

[0021] (3) under the reducing atmosphere and ultrahigh temperature conditions in the gasification melting furnace, the organic solid waste realizes complete decomposition of organic matter and dioxin and complete separation of heavy metals and liquid slag, the high-added-value crude synthetic gas is fully combusted in the combustion system and then utilized for waste heat utilization, and the heavy metal solid slag can be recycled and utilized as resources through multiple ways, fundamentally realizing the "four-in-one" disposal of organic solid waste.

[0022] (4) the drying system of the utility model realizes adjustable and controllable drying time and drying degree of materials in the dryer through the heating mode of the rotary dryer, the inner spiral baffle, the frequency conversion of the furnace body driving device, the reverse operation and the discharge temperature control, guarantees the humidity uniformity of different materials, and improves the operation stability of materials in the gasification melting furnace.

[0023] (5) the utility model separates the drying of organic solid waste from the pyrolysis gasification melting by the setting of the vertical sealing feeding system, makes the water vapor escape at low temperature, and directly feeds the dried materials into the gasification melting furnace, realizing the separation of water vapor and crude synthetic gas, avoiding the energy consumption of water vapor at high temperature, improving the calorific value of the crude synthetic gas, and realizing cost reduction and benefit increase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a system structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a sealing feeding system structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a process flow schematic diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The utility model will be further described in combination with the drawings of the specification.

[0028] As Figure 1The utility model discloses improve organic solid waste disposal heat efficiency's system, including drying system 1, sealed feed system 2, gasification melting system 3, combustion system 4, slag removal system 5. Sealed feed system 2 is connected to drying system discharge port 132 and gasification melting system feed port 311 between. Drying system 1's high temperature flue gas entrance 124 is connected with combustion system 4's high temperature flue gas outlet 45, and heat exchange after flue gas outlet 125 is connected with the circulating air inlet 44 of combustion system 4, the rough synthesis gas outlet 313 of gasification melting system 3 is connected with the rough synthesis gas inlet 41 of combustion system 4, and the slag removal system 5 includes the water quenching system 5 of providing high pressure water 1 and heat exchange system 5 2, the liquid molten slag entrance 511 of water quenching system 5 1 is connected with the liquid molten slag outlet 322 of gasification melting system 3, for through the high pressure water of water quenching system 5 1 to liquid molten slag carries out the quenching heat exchange and produces water vapor, and water quenching system 5 1's water vapor outlet 517 is equipped with two way export, one way export is connected with the gasification agent inlet 312 of gasification melting system 3, and the other way is connected with heat exchange system 5 2, heat exchange system 5 2 is connected with the primary air inlet 43 of combustion system 4, for the primary hot air that will be produced after air and water vapor heat exchange is sent into combustion system 4.

[0029] The utility model discloses drying system 1 includes rotary dryer 1 1, and rotary dryer 1 1 includes kiln head 11, kiln body 12 and kiln tail 13, and kiln head 11 is equipped with with the raw material feed inlet 111 of spiral feeder 113 connection, kiln head flue gas entrance 112, kiln body 12 includes outer tube 121, inner tube 122 and the ring system 123 that outer tube 121 and inner tube 122 form, and kiln tail 13 is equipped with evaporation water outlet 131, drying system discharge port 132 and material temperature tester 133, and outer tube 121 is equipped with high temperature flue gas entrance 124 and heat exchange after flue gas outlet 125, and kiln head flue gas entrance 112 is connected with heat exchange after flue gas outlet 125. Rotary dryer 1 1 adopts the mode that high temperature flue gas indirectly and directly heats, can avoid the local pyrolysis of organic solid waste caused by the excessively high temperature of flue gas, and can fully utilize flue gas heat, improves drying efficiency, and reduces tail gas treatment difficulty. The driving device of rotary dryer 1 1 of the utility model has frequency conversion and reverse function, can adjust rotary dryer 1 1 rotation speed according to discharge port material temperature, or carries out reverse operation, guarantees that material outlet moisture content is less than 15%.

[0030] As Figure 2The sealing feeding system 2 comprises a feeding pipe 21 arranged vertically below the kiln tail 13 of the rotary dryer 1-1 and sequentially connected with the drying system discharge port 132 and the gasification and melting system feeding port 311; the feeding pipe 21 is provided with an upper lock valve 22 and a lower lock valve 24 respectively arranged near the drying system discharge port 132 and the gasification and melting system feeding port 311; the upper lock valve 22 and the lower lock valve 24 form a lock bin 23; the feeding pipe 21 is provided with an arch breaking device 25 for rotating the material in the feeding pipe 21, and the arch breaking device 25 is connected between the upper lock valve 22 and the lower lock valve 24 through an upper flange 251 and a lower flange 252; the arch breaking device 25 comprises an arch breaking ring 254 attached to the feeding pipe 21, a driving motor 253 connected to the arch breaking ring 254, and the arch breaking ring 254 rotates around a horizontal axis; and the feeding pipe 21 is provided with an auxiliary fuel feeding port 26. The material enters the gasification and melting furnace under the rotation of the arch breaking device 25, realizes the sealing feeding, ensures the separation of the water vapor in the drying section and the crude synthesis gas generated in the melting section 3-2, improves the heat value of the crude synthesis gas, and reduces the heat demand of the melting section 3-2. The material dried by the drying system 1 is conveyed into the gasification and melting system 3 through the sealing feeding system 2, which avoids the influence of a large amount of water vapor in the drying system 1 on the heat value of the crude synthesis gas, and avoids the consumption of the heat in the gasification and melting furnace by the heating of a large amount of water vapor, thereby improving the heat utilization rate.

[0031] The gasification and melting system 3 comprises a gasification and melting furnace, which comprises a pyrolysis and gasification section 3-1 located at an upper section and a melting section 3-2 located at a lower section; the upper part of the pyrolysis and gasification section 3-1 is a pyrolysis section, and the lower part is a gasification section; the pyrolysis and gasification section 3-1 is provided with a gasification and melting system feeding port 311 connected with the feeding pipe 21 of the sealing feeding system 2, a gasification agent inlet 312, and a crude synthesis gas outlet 313; the melting section 3-2 is provided with an oxygen-enriched air inlet 321, a liquid molten slag outlet 322, and a heavy metal outlet 323. The melting section 3-2 is in an inverted ladder shape, which reduces the melting space, increases the thickness of the refractory material, improves the heat accumulation capacity of the melting section 3-2, and further improves the heat utilization rate of the system. The molten solid slag obtained by disposing the organic solid waste in the gasification and melting furnace realizes the separation of heavy metals and solid slag at the bottom of the furnace.

[0032] The combustion system 4 comprises a combustion furnace connected with the independent burner 42, and the combustion furnace is a low-nitrogen combustion furnace; the combustion furnace is provided with a coarse synthesis gas inlet 41, a primary air inlet 43, a circulating air inlet 44 and a high-temperature flue gas outlet 45; the coarse synthesis gas inlet 41 is connected with the coarse synthesis gas outlet 313 of the gasification melting system 3; the primary air inlet 43 is connected with the hot air outlet 524 of the heat exchange system 5-2; the circulating air inlet 44 is connected with the heat-exchanged flue gas outlet 125 of the drying system 1; and the high-temperature flue gas outlet 45 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet 124. The independent burner 42 is symmetrically arranged above and below the primary air inlet 43, the coarse synthesis gas inlet 41 is vertically arranged with the independent burner 42 and the primary air inlet 43 respectively, so as to ensure complete combustion of the coarse synthesis gas. The circulating air inlet 44 is arranged at the rear end of the combustion furnace; and the coarse synthesis gas inlet 41 is arranged at the front end of the combustion furnace. The coarse synthesis gas generated in the gasification melting furnace is directly introduced into the low-nitrogen combustion furnace after being led out by the fan, and is completely combusted under the ignition of the independent burner 42, and is mixed with the circulating air in the loop system 123 from the rotary dryer 1-1 at the end of the combustion furnace, so as to obtain high-temperature flue gas with a target temperature, which is taken as a heat source into the loop system 123 of the rotary dryer 1-1. The combustion flue gas is mixed with the circulating air at the rear end of the combustion furnace, so as to realize temperature control of the high-temperature flue gas out of the furnace, thereby ensuring heat supply of the drying system 1.

[0033] The water quenching system 5-1 in the slag discharge system 5 comprises a liquid slag inlet 511, a high-pressure water jet 512, a water storage slag storage pool 513, and a gas collecting hood 514. The liquid slag inlet 511 is connected with the liquid slag outlet 322 of the gasification melting furnace. The high-pressure water jet 512 is arranged at the tail of the slag chute. The high-speed water jet of the high-pressure water jet 512 can crush and rapidly cool the slag, so that the slag is pulverized into small particles due to stress concentration caused by rapid cooling and shrinkage, and then flows into the water storage slag storage pool 513. The high-pressure water jet 512 and the gas collecting hood 514 are arranged above the water storage slag storage pool 513. The gas collecting hood 514 is used for collecting water vapor. A plurality of atomizing nozzles 515 are arranged below the gas collecting hood 514 and connected with the water storage slag storage pool 513 through pipelines. An adjusting valve 516 is arranged on the pipeline between the atomizing nozzles 515 and the water storage slag storage pool 513. The water flow of the atomizing nozzles 515 can be adjusted through the adjusting valve 516, so that the amount of water vapor in the gas collecting hood 514 can be adjusted. The excess water vapor is condensed and then returned to the water storage slag storage pool 513, and the fine particles carried in the water vapor can be purified. A water vapor outlet 517 is arranged on the gas collecting hood 514. One pipeline of the water vapor outlet 517 is connected with the gasification agent inlet 312 of the gasification melting furnace, and the other pipeline is connected with the water vapor inlet 521 of the heat exchange system 5-2. The water vapor flow entering the gasification agent inlet 312 and the water vapor inlet 521 is adjusted based on the requirement of the furnace through adjusting valves.

[0034] The heat exchange system 5-2 in the slag discharge system 5 comprises a heat exchanger, which is provided with a water vapor inlet 521, a condensed water outlet 522, an air inlet 523, and a hot air outlet 524. The hot air outlet 524 is connected with the primary air inlet 43 of the combustion system 4. The condensed water outlet 522 is connected with the water storage slag storage pool 513.

[0035] A large amount of water vapor and fine dust are generated in the process of heat exchange between the high-pressure water and the high-temperature slag. The water vapor is removed of dust through the atomizing nozzles 515 and then escapes from the gas collecting hood 514 under the action of the induced draft fan. Part of the water vapor enters the gasification melting furnace as the gasification agent, and part of the water vapor enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with air. The hot air after heat exchange is sent into the combustion furnace as the primary air, so that the waste heat is utilized and the system thermal efficiency is improved. The process flow diagram of the utility model is shown in Figure 3

[0036] Working process 1:

[0037] The method for gasification and melting of household garbage by using the above system is as follows:

[0038] ​The particle size of the crushed household garbage is less than 10 cm, and the moisture content is about 62%. The household garbage is pushed into the rotary dryer 1-1 by the screw feeder 113. The inlet temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of the ring system 123 of the rotary dryer 1-1 is controlled at 600°C, and the outlet temperature of the flue gas is 280°C. The household garbage is transported from the kiln head 11 to the kiln tail 13 with the rotation of the kiln body 12, and gradually realizes drying; the 150°C low-temperature water vapor generated in the drying process is extracted from the kiln tail 13 under the action of the induced draft fan, and is sent into the tail gas purification system after water washing, which on the one hand makes the water vapor escape from the system at low temperature, reduces energy consumption, and on the other hand avoids mixing a large amount of water with the crude synthesis gas generated by the gasification melting furnace, and improves the calorific value of the crude synthesis gas.

[0039] The household garbage with a moisture content of about 15% after drying enters the gasification melting furnace through the sealed feeding system 2; at the same time, the blocky coke accounting for 4wt% of the household garbage and the quicklime accounting for 8wt% of the household garbage are also sent into the gasification melting furnace from the bottom end of the sealed feeding pipe, and are dispersed in the household garbage to provide gaps for the escape of the crude synthesis gas, and also provide sufficient reducing carbon for the melting section 3-2 to maintain the system temperature and reducing atmosphere; the household garbage and the auxiliary coke and quicklime slowly move downward in the furnace, and realize pyrolysis at 300-800°C, gasification at 800-1100°C, and melting at 1100-1500°C, wherein the organic matter is decomposed and gasified under the action of water vapor to form high-value-added crude synthesis gas; the remaining inorganic components and dioxins, heavy metals, etc. are finally formed into liquid slag under high-temperature reducing atmosphere;

[0040] The 300°C crude synthesis gas generated in the gasification melting furnace escapes from the gasification melting furnace into the combustion system 4 under the action of the air blower and is fully burned, and the combustion temperature is 1200°C. After circulating air is mixed, 600°C high-temperature flue gas is obtained, part of which enters the ring system 123 and the inner cylinder 122 of the rotary dryer 1-1 in sequence, and after the household garbage is dried, it enters the tail gas treatment system together with the dry water vapor for emission; the remaining high-temperature flue gas can be used for waste heat utilization based on demand; the liquid slag discharged from the bottom end of the gasification melting furnace is quenched and broken after high-pressure water washing, and is put into the water storage and slag storage pool 513 for standby; part of the water vapor obtained by high-pressure water washing enters the gasification melting furnace as a gasification agent, part of which is heat-exchanged with air to obtain hot air and is used as primary air of the combustion furnace, and the excess part is cooled by atomization and then returned to the water storage and slag storage pool 513, realizing efficient utilization of heat and recycling of water.

[0041] Working process 2:

[0042] The method for gasification melting of industrial sludge by using the above system:

[0043] The industrial sludge with water content of about 50% after mechanical dewatering is pushed into the rotary dryer 1-1 by the screw feeder 113, the inlet temperature of the ring system 123 of the rotary dryer 1-1 is controlled at 650℃, and the outlet temperature of the flue gas is 350℃. The industrial waste is transported from the kiln head 11 to the kiln tail 13 with the rotation of the kiln body 12, and gradually realizes drying; the 120℃ low-temperature water vapor generated in the drying process is extracted from the kiln tail 13 under the action of the induced draft fan, and after water washing, it is sent into the tail gas purification system, which on the one hand makes the water vapor escape from the system at low temperature, reduces energy consumption, and at the same time avoids the mixing of a large amount of water with the crude synthesis gas generated by the gasification melting furnace, and improves the calorific value of the crude synthesis gas.

[0044] The industrial sludge with water content of about 20% after drying enters the gasification melting furnace through the sealed feeding system 2; at the same time, the blocky coke accounting for 6wt% of the industrial sludge and the quicklime accounting for 6wt% of the industrial sludge are also sent into the gasification melting furnace from the bottom end of the sealed feeding pipe, and are dispersed in the industrial sludge, providing gaps for the escape of crude synthesis gas, and also providing sufficient reducing carbon for the melting section 3-2, maintaining the system temperature and reducing atmosphere; the industrial sludge and auxiliary coke and quicklime slowly move downward in the furnace, and realize pyrolysis at 300-800℃, gasification at 800-1100℃, and melting at 1100-1500℃, wherein the organic matter is decomposed and gasified under the action of water vapor to form high-value crude synthesis gas (CO); the remaining inorganic components and dioxins, heavy metals, etc. are ultimately formed into liquid slag under high-temperature reducing atmosphere;

[0045] The 300℃ crude synthesis gas generated in the gasification melting furnace escapes from the gasification melting furnace into the combustion system 4 under the action of the air blower and is fully burned, the combustion temperature is 1100℃, and after circulating air is mixed, 650℃ high-temperature flue gas is obtained, part of which enters the ring system 123 and the inner cylinder 122 of the rotary dryer 1-1 in turn, and after the industrial sludge is dried, it enters the tail gas treatment system together with the dry water vapor and is discharged after reaching the standard; the remaining high-temperature flue gas can be used for waste heat utilization based on demand; the liquid slag discharged from the bottom end of the gasification melting furnace is quenched and broken after high-pressure water washing, enters the water storage and slag storage pool 513, and is fished out for standby use; part of the water vapor obtained by high-pressure water washing enters the gasification melting furnace as a gasification agent, part of which is heat-exchanged with air to obtain hot air and used as primary air of the combustion furnace, and the excess part is cooled after atomization and returned to the water storage and slag storage pool 513, realizing efficient utilization of heat and recycling of water.

Claims

1. A system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment, characterized in that, The system includes a drying system (1), a sealed feeding system (2), a gasification and melting system (3), a combustion system (4), and a slag discharge system (5). The sealed feeding system (2) is connected between the outlet (132) of the drying system and the inlet (311) of the gasification and melting system. The high-temperature flue gas inlet (124) of the drying system (1) is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet (45) of the combustion system (4), and the flue gas outlet (125) after heat exchange is connected to the circulating air inlet (44) of the combustion system (4). The crude syngas outlet (313) of the gasification and melting system (3) is connected to the crude syngas inlet (41) of the combustion system (4). The slag discharge system (5) includes a water quenching system (5-1) that can provide high-pressure water and a heat exchanger. System (5-2); The liquid slag inlet (511) of the water quenching system (5-1) is connected to the liquid slag outlet (322) of the gasification melting system (3), which is used to generate water vapor by rapidly cooling the liquid slag with high pressure water of the water quenching system (5-1). The water vapor outlet (517) of the water quenching system (5-1) is provided with two outlets, one of which is connected to the gasifying agent inlet (312) of the gasification melting system (3), and the other is connected to the water vapor inlet (521) of the heat exchange system (5-2). The hot air outlet (524) of the heat exchange system (5-2) is connected to the primary air inlet (43) of the combustion system (4), which is used to send the hot air generated after the air and water vapor exchange heat into the combustion system (4).

2. The system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasification melting system (3) includes a gasification melting furnace, which includes a pyrolysis gasification section (3-1) located in the upper section and a melting section (3-2) located in the lower section; the pyrolysis gasification section (3-1) is provided with a gasification melting system inlet (311), a gasifying agent inlet (312), and a crude syngas outlet (313) connected to the sealed feeding system (2); the melting section (3-2) is provided with an oxygen-enriched air inlet (321), a liquid slag outlet (322), and a heavy metal outlet (323).

3. The system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion system (4) includes a combustion furnace connected to an independent burner (42); the combustion furnace is provided with a crude syngas inlet (41), a primary air inlet (43), a circulating air inlet (44), and a high-temperature flue gas outlet (45); the crude syngas inlet (41) is connected to the crude syngas outlet (313) of the gasification and melting system (3); the primary air inlet (43) is connected to the hot air outlet (524) of the heat exchange system (5-2); the circulating air inlet (44) is connected to the heat exchanged flue gas outlet (125) of the drying system (1); and the high-temperature flue gas outlet (45) is connected to the high-temperature flue gas inlet (124).

4. The system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water quenching system (5-1) also includes a water storage tank (513) connected to the liquid slag inlet (511), a high-pressure water jet gun (512) located above the water storage tank (513), and a gas collection hood (514); the gas collection hood (514) is used to collect the generated water vapor; the water vapor outlet (517) is located on the gas collection hood (514).

5. The system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that, Below the gas collecting hood (514) are several atomizing nozzles (515) that are connected to the water storage solid slag tank (513) via pipes.

6. The system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange system (5-2) is also provided with an air inlet (523) and a condensate outlet (522); the condensate outlet (522) is connected to the water storage solid slag tank (513).

7. The system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying system (1) includes a rotary dryer (1-1), which includes a kiln head (11), a kiln body (12), and a kiln tail (13). The kiln head (11) is provided with a raw material inlet (111) connected to the screw feeder (113) and a kiln head flue gas inlet (112). The kiln body (12) includes an outer cylinder (121), an inner cylinder (122), and a ring system (123) composed of the outer cylinder (121) and the inner cylinder (122). The kiln tail (13) is provided with an evaporation water outlet (131), a drying system outlet (132), and a material temperature tester (133). The outer cylinder (121) is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet (124) and a heat exchange flue gas outlet (125). The kiln head flue gas inlet (112) is connected to the heat exchange flue gas outlet (125).

8. The system for improving the thermal efficiency of organic solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed feeding system (2) includes a feed pipe (21) that is connected sequentially to the outlet (132) of the drying system and the inlet (311) of the gasification and melting system. An upper locking valve (22) and a lower locking valve (24) are respectively located near the outlet (132) of the drying system and the inlet (311) of the gasification and melting system on the feed pipe (21). A locking chamber (23) is formed between the upper locking valve (22) and the lower locking valve (24). The device is equipped with an arch-breaking device (25) for rotating the material in the feed pipe (21). The arch-breaking device (25) is connected between the upper locking valve (22) and the lower locking valve (24) through the upper flange (251) and the lower flange (252), respectively. The arch-breaking device (25) includes an arch-breaking ring (254) that fits into the feed pipe (21) and a drive motor (253) connected to the arch-breaking ring (254). The feed pipe (21) is equipped with an auxiliary fuel inlet (26).

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