Laser carving machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser engraving machine. Comprising a feeding unit, a lettering unit and a first overturning unit used for overturning a to-be-machined part, the feeding unit, the first overturning unit and the lettering unit are sequentially connected in the conveying direction of the to-be-machined part, and the lettering unit comprises a lettering operation table, a laser and an image recognition unit; the image recognition unit is arranged above the lettering operation table, and the laser is arranged above the lettering operation table and connected with a lettering adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the spatial position of the laser. The laser is adopted for lettering operation in a laser lettering mode, the machining efficiency, the machining quality and the size compatibility of the to-be-machined part are high, the first overturning unit is further arranged and used for overturning the to-be-machined part, the randomness of the incoming material orientation of the face, needing lettering, of the to-be-machined part can be well compatible, and the working efficiency is improved. The facing direction of the to-be-machined part needing lettering can be guaranteed through the first overturning unit, the manual operation time is shortened, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser equipment technology, and in particular to a laser engraving machine. Background Technology

[0002] During tire manufacturing, serial numbers and cycle numbers need to be imprinted on the tire surface. Currently, this is typically done using mold vulcanization. A common method for tire engraving involves fixing a specialized engraving mold (cycle tag, steel receipt) onto the tire mold and engraving the tire during vulcanization. The cycle tag requires weekly machine downtime for replacement, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can easily damage the tire mold. The steel receipt is prone to shifting and misalignment on the mold, resulting in inaccurate engraving positions. This engraving method is relatively inefficient, makes personalized engraving difficult, ultimately increasing production costs and further reducing production efficiency. Therefore, a laser engraving machine is urgently needed to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a laser engraving machine, comprising a feeding unit, an engraving unit, and a first flipping unit for flipping the workpiece to be processed. The feeding unit, the first flipping unit, and the engraving unit are sequentially connected along the conveying direction of the workpiece to be processed. The engraving unit includes an engraving operating table, a laser, and an image recognition unit. The image recognition unit is located above the engraving operating table, and the laser is located above the engraving operating table and connected to an engraving adjustment mechanism for adjusting its spatial position.

[0004] Furthermore, the image recognition unit includes a 3D vision component and a 2D vision component. The 3D vision component is mounted directly above the engraving worktable via a fixed bracket. The 2D vision component is located at the output end of the engraving adjustment mechanism. The 2D vision component is arranged adjacent to the laser and is electrically connected to the 3D vision component.

[0005] Furthermore, the first flipping unit includes a flipping transmission component and a clamping component for fixing the workpiece to be processed. The clamping component is disposed on the flipping transmission component, and the clamping component is connected to a flipping drive component for driving its flipping.

[0006] Furthermore, the flip transmission assembly includes a flip side plate and two flip transmission mechanisms. The two flip transmission mechanisms are vertically spaced on the flip side plate and form a flip frame with an accommodating cavity. The clamping assembly is disposed in the accommodating cavity and is connected to the flip frame to form a flip body. The flip body is connected to the output end of the flip drive assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the flipping and conveying mechanism includes a plurality of flipping and conveying rollers, each of which is arranged sequentially at intervals along the conveying direction of the workpiece and mounted on the flipping side plate. The clamping assembly includes a pressure roller and a lifting mechanism. The axial direction of the pressure roller is parallel to the axial direction of the flipping and conveying roller. The pressure roller is set with respect to the gap between two adjacent flipping and conveying rollers of the same flipping and conveying mechanism. The pressure roller is connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the pressure roller is smaller than the width of the gap.

[0009] Furthermore, the feeding unit includes a feeding and conveying component and a barcode scanning component, with the barcode scanning component positioned directly above the feeding and conveying component.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a second flipping unit, which is disposed on the side of the engraving worktable away from the first flipping unit, and the second flipping unit is connected to the engraving worktable.

[0011] Furthermore, the feeding unit, the first flipping unit, and the engraving unit all include sensors for sensing the workpiece to be processed.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a protective net, which is arranged around the feeding unit, the first flipping unit and the engraving unit.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0014] 1) The laser engraving machine provided by this utility model uses a laser to engrave characters. It has high processing efficiency, processing quality and compatibility with the size of the workpiece. It is also equipped with a first flipping unit for flipping the workpiece. It can better accommodate the randomness of the orientation of the side of the workpiece that needs to be engraved. The first flipping unit can ensure the orientation of the side of the workpiece that needs to be engraved, reduce manual operation time and improve processing efficiency.

[0015] 2) The laser engraving machine provided by this utility model has an image recognition unit including a 3D vision component and a 2D vision component. It is used for tire engraving. The 3D vision component is compatible with various sizes and types of tires within the field of view and can determine the actual center position of the tire. It helps the 2D vision component to quickly locate the feature points on the tire surface, thereby improving the accuracy of laser engraving. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser engraving machine provided by this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding unit in the laser engraving machine provided by this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flipping unit in the laser engraving machine provided by this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the engraving unit in the laser engraving machine provided by this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the engraving operation table in the laser engraving machine provided by this utility model.

[0022] 1-Feeding unit; 11-Feeding and conveying assembly; 12-Scanning assembly; 13-Feeding base; 14-Scanning bracket; 15-First sensor; 2-First flipping unit; 21-Flipping side plate; 22-Flipping and conveying mechanism; 23-Clamping assembly; 231-Pressure roller; 232-Lifting mechanism; 24-Flipping drive assembly; 25-Flipping base; 26-Bearing seat; 27-Rotating shaft; 28-Second sensor; 3-Engraving unit; 31-Engraving operating table; 32-Laser; 33-Engraving adjustment mechanism; 34-3D vision assembly; 35-2D vision assembly; 36-Fixed bracket; 37-Third sensor; 4-Second flipping unit; 5-Dust collection unit; 6-Laser cooling unit; 7-Protective net. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of certain parts may be enlarged for clarity.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can be internal connections between two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "center", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Additionally, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0027] As per the instruction manual Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a laser engraving machine, including a feeding unit 1, an engraving unit 3, and a first flipping unit 2 for flipping the workpiece. The feeding unit 1, the first flipping unit 2, and the engraving unit 3 are sequentially connected along the workpiece transport direction. The engraving unit 3 includes an engraving operating table 31, a laser 32, and an image recognition unit. The image recognition unit is located above the engraving operating table 31, and the laser 32 is located above the engraving operating table 31 and connected to an engraving adjustment mechanism 33 for adjusting its spatial position. This laser engraving machine is mainly used for laser engraving of workpieces. In addition to engraving tires, it can also be used for engraving other workpieces. In this embodiment, a tire is used as the workpiece for detailed explanation. In this embodiment, the workpiece transport direction refers to the direction of the tire from the feeding unit 1 and the first flipping unit 2 to the engraving unit 3.

[0028] Specifically, the tire is transferred to the first flipping unit 2 via the feeding unit 1. The orientation of the side of the tire to be engraved determines whether the first flipping unit 2 needs to flip the tire. If the side to be engraved is facing upwards, the tire does not need to be flipped, and it is transferred from the first flipping unit 2 to the engraving unit 3 for engraving. If the side to be engraved is facing downwards, the tire needs to be flipped 180° to ensure the side to be engraved is facing upwards. The first flipping unit 2 then activates its flipping function, flipping the tire to ensure the side to be engraved is facing upwards, and then the tire is transferred from the first flipping unit 2 to the engraving unit 3 for engraving. An image recognition unit is located above the engraving worktable, which can acquire the tire's graphic information and the engraving position. The engraving adjustment mechanism 33 moves the laser 32 to the engraving position to complete the laser engraving on the tire. Using laser engraving allows for personalized engraving information, is highly applicable, and is compatible with various tire sizes and models, improving tire processing efficiency and precision, increasing the value of a single unit, and demonstrating strong practicality.

[0029] Optimized implementation methods, as shown in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 2 As shown, the feeding unit 1 includes a feeding and conveying component 11 and a barcode scanning component 12, with the barcode scanning component 12 positioned directly above the feeding and conveying component 11. The feeding unit 1 also includes a feeding base 13, on which the feeding and conveying component 11 is mounted. A barcode scanning bracket 14 is provided on the feeding base 13, and the barcode scanning component 12 is fixed to the barcode scanning bracket 14. The feeding and conveying component 11 is located within the scanning area of ​​the barcode scanning component 12.

[0030] Specifically, the tire is transferred to the first flipping unit 2 via the feeding and conveying assembly 11. The barcode scanning assembly 12 can read the information code on the tire surface, obtain the tire's information data, and determine whether the side of the tire to be engraved is facing upwards. The engraving machine also includes a control unit, which acquires the information data obtained by the barcode scanning assembly.

[0031] In an optimized implementation, the feeding and conveying assembly 11 includes a plurality of feeding rollers, each of which is sequentially and spaced apart on a feeding base 13 along the tire conveying direction. The feeding base 13 is also equipped with a motor for driving the rotation of each feeding roller. The motor drives the feeding rollers to rotate, thereby conveying the tires on the feeding rollers. Alternatively, the feeding and conveying assembly 11 can also employ a belt or chain conveyor mechanism.

[0032] In an optimized implementation, the feeding unit 1 further includes a first sensor 15, which is mounted on the feeding base 13. The first sensor 15 is preferably a through-beam sensor. When a tire is being transported by the feeding conveyor assembly 11, the first sensor 15 senses the tire and controls the motor to stop running, i.e., the feeding conveyor assembly 11 stops operating, facilitating the scanning assembly to read the information code on the tire surface. After scanning is completed, the motor continues to run and transports the tire to the first flipping unit via the feeding conveyor assembly.

[0033] In an optimized implementation, the engraving adjustment mechanism 33 is a robotic arm, preferably a six-axis robotic arm. The robotic arm is mounted on one side of the engraving worktable 31 via a robotic arm mounting base, and the operating end of the robotic arm extends directly above the engraving worktable 31. The robotic arm can drive the laser 32 to move above the engraving worktable 31 and adjust the pitch angle of the laser 32 to complete the engraving operation.

[0034] In an optimized implementation, the first flipping unit 2 includes a flipping transmission component and a clamping component 23 for fixing the tire. The clamping component 23 is disposed on the flipping transmission component and is connected to a flipping drive component 24 for driving its flipping. The flipping transmission component drives the tire to move towards the engraving unit 3. When the tire needs to be flipped, the flipping transmission component stops operating, the clamping component 23 fixes the tire, and then the flipping drive component 24 drives the clamping component 23 to flip, thereby completing the tire flipping. After the flipping is completed, the clamping component 23 resets, and the flipping transmission component continues to transmit the tire to the engraving unit 3.

[0035] In use, the flip drive assembly 24 can either flip only the clamping assembly 23, or flip both the flip transmission assembly and the clamping assembly 23 simultaneously. The flip drive assembly 24 can drive the tire to rotate 180° in a single operation, thus flipping the tire.

[0036] In this embodiment, as per the appendix to the specification... Figure 3As shown, the flipping and transfer assembly includes a flipping base 25, a flipping side plate 21, and two flipping transfer mechanisms 22. The two flipping transfer mechanisms 22 are vertically spaced on the flipping side plate 21 and form a flipping frame with a receiving chamber. There are two flipping side plates 21, which are arranged opposite each other. The two flipping transfer mechanisms 22 are arranged vertically between the two flipping side plates 21 to form the flipping frame. The flipping base 25 is provided with a bearing seat 26. The flipping side plate 21 is connected to the bearing seat 26 through a rotating shaft 27. The flipping drive assembly 24 is connected to the bearing seat and is driven by the rotating shaft 27. The two ends of the flipping frame are respectively provided with a tire inlet and a tire outlet. The tire enters the receiving chamber between the two flipping transfer mechanisms 22 through the tire inlet. The clamping assembly 23 is provided in the receiving chamber and forms a flipping body with the flipping frame. The clamping assembly 23 clamps and fixes the tire. The flipping drive assembly 24 drives the flipping body to rotate 180° to complete the tire flipping.

[0037] In an optimized implementation, the flip drive component 24 is preferably a servo motor.

[0038] As one specific embodiment, the flipping and conveying mechanism 22 includes several flipping and conveying rollers, which are sequentially spaced along the tire conveying direction and mounted on the flipping side plate 21. The flipping base 25 is also equipped with a motor for driving the rotation of each flipping and conveying roller. The clamping assembly 23 includes a pressure roller 231 and a lifting mechanism 232. The axial direction of the pressure roller 231 is parallel to the axial direction of the flipping and conveying rollers. The pressure roller 231 is located between two flipping and conveying mechanisms 22 and is connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism 232. The lifting mechanism 232 can lift and reset the pressure roller 231, thereby fixing the tire between the pressure roller 231 and one of the flipping and conveying mechanisms 22. To ensure the normal operation of the two flipping and conveying mechanisms 22, the pressure roller 231 is set with a gap corresponding to the gap between two adjacent flipping and conveying rollers of the same flipping and conveying mechanism 22. The pressure roller can move between the two flipping and conveying rollers under the drive of the lifting mechanism without affecting the conveying function of the flipping and conveying rollers.

[0039] In an optimized implementation, there are multiple pressure rollers 231 arranged side by side on a pressure roller support. The pressure roller support is connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism 232, and the pressure roller support is provided with toothed grooves adapted to the flipping transmission roller.

[0040] In an optimized implementation, the diameter of the pressure roller 231 is smaller than the gap width between two adjacent flipping transmission rollers of the same flipping transmission mechanism 22, and the pressure roller can be accommodated within the gap to ensure the normal operation of the flipping transmission roller.

[0041] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 232 is preferably a cylinder, and the cylinder is mounted on the flip side plate 21.

[0042] In an optimized implementation, the first flipping unit 2 further includes a second sensor 28, which is preferably a through-beam sensor that can sense the tire and control the start and stop of the flipping transmission mechanism 22.

[0043] The working process of the first flipping unit 2 is as follows: the tire flows into the first flipping unit 2 and stops under the sensing of the second sensor 28 installed on the side. Then, the pressure roller 231 located in the gap of the flipping transmission roller presses the tire under the lifting of the cylinder. Under the drive of the flipping drive assembly 24, the flipping body rotates 180°. At this time, the tire is in a horizontal position. The pressure roller 231 retracts to its original position under the drive of the cylinder. The tire moves to the engraving unit 3 under the drive of the flipping transmission roller.

[0044] Optimized implementation methods, as shown in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 5 As shown, the engraving worktable 31 is equipped with engraving rollers, and the engraving worktable is also equipped with a motor for driving each engraving roller to rotate, so as to drive the tire to transfer to the next process.

[0045] Optimized implementation methods, as shown in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 4 As shown, the image recognition unit includes a 3D vision component 34 and a 2D vision component 35. The 3D vision component 34 is mounted directly above the engraving worktable 31 via a fixed bracket 36. The 2D vision component 35 is located at the output end of the engraving adjustment mechanism 33. The 2D vision component 35 is arranged adjacent to the laser 32 and is electrically connected to the 3D vision component 34.

[0046] Specifically, in this application, a 3D vision component 34 and a 2D vision component 35 are used together to accurately locate the feature points on the tire surface. The 3D vision component 34 includes a 3D camera, which is mounted on a fixed bracket and located directly above the center of the lettering worktable 31. The 2D vision component 35 includes a 2D camera, which is mounted at the output end of the lettering adjustment mechanism 33. The lettering adjustment mechanism 33 can adjust the spatial position of the 2D camera, thereby enabling the 2D camera to quickly acquire the feature points on the tire surface.

[0047] In an optimized implementation, the 2D camera has relatively high requirements for spatial range during the movement of finding feature points. The engraving worktable 31 is also equipped with a third sensor 37, which is preferably a time-delayed through-beam sensor, so that the tire stops within a relatively fixed range, making it easier for the 2D camera to find the feature points of the tire.

[0048] The engraving unit operates as follows: The tire flows into the engraving worktable 31 and stops under the sensing of the third sensor 37 installed on the side. Then, the 3D camera located directly above establishes point cloud data of the tire and outputs it to the 2D camera. Driven by the robotic arm, the 2D camera takes multiple photos of the tire based on the point cloud data provided by the 3D camera until the feature point "DOT" is found. After software calculation and based on the tire information sent by the customer's MES system, the robotic arm drives the laser 32 to the engraving position. The laser engraves the tire under the trigger of the software system. After the engraving is completed, the 2D camera moves above the engraved tire under the drive of the robotic arm, compares the engraved content and position with the software template, and makes a judgment of OK or NG. The engraving worktable then transfers the tire to the next process.

[0049] During the engraving process, the laser 32 will generate smoke. In order to avoid smoke pollution of the workshop environment, the front end of the laser 32 is equipped with a smoke collection unit 5. The smoke collection unit 5 can be a vacuum adsorption unit, which is used to collect the generated smoke.

[0050] In an optimized implementation, the laser 32 generates high temperatures during operation. To ensure the normal operation of the laser 32, a laser cooling unit 6 is also provided. The laser cooling unit 6 is connected to the laser and is used to cool the laser.

[0051] The optimized implementation also includes a second flipping unit 4, which is disposed on the side of the engraving worktable 31 away from the first flipping unit 2, and is connected to the engraving worktable 31. The second flipping unit 4 is used to flip the tire to ensure that the tire and the material feeding unit 1 have the same incoming material orientation, thus ensuring the normal operation of the next process. The structure of the second flipping unit is the same as that of the first flipping unit, and will not be described again here.

[0052] Tires that have been engraved and are judged as OK or NG flow into the second flipping unit 4 and stop under the sensing of the side sensor. Then, the pressure roller located in the gap between the rollers presses the tire under the lifting of the cylinder. Driven by the servo motor, the second flipping unit 4 rotates 180°. At this time, the tire is placed horizontally. The pressure roller retracts to its original position under the driving of the cylinder, and then the tire flows out of the entire conveyor line.

[0053] The optimized implementation also includes a protective net 7, which is arranged around the feeding unit 1, the first flipping unit 2, the engraving unit 3, and the second flipping unit 4 to prevent the tire from rolling on the ground due to falling.

[0054] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will understand that this invention can be implemented in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Although embodiments of this invention have been described, it should be understood that this invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser engraver, characterized by, The device includes a feeding unit, an engraving unit, and a first flipping unit for flipping the workpiece. The feeding unit, the first flipping unit, and the engraving unit are connected sequentially along the conveying direction of the workpiece. The engraving unit includes an engraving operating table, a laser, and an image recognition unit. The image recognition unit is located above the engraving operating table, and the laser is located above the engraving operating table and connected to an engraving adjustment mechanism for adjusting its spatial position.

2. The laser engraver according to claim 1, wherein The image recognition unit includes a 3D vision component and a 2D vision component. The 3D vision component is mounted on the top of the engraving worktable via a fixed bracket. The 2D vision component is located at the output end of the engraving adjustment mechanism. The 2D vision component is arranged adjacent to the laser and is electrically connected to the 3D vision component.

3. The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flipping unit includes a flipping transmission component and a clamping component for fixing the workpiece to be processed. The clamping component is disposed on the flipping transmission component, and the clamping component is connected to a flipping drive component for driving its flipping.

4. The laser engraving machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flip transmission assembly includes a flip side plate and two flip transmission mechanisms. The two flip transmission mechanisms are vertically spaced on the flip side plate and form a flip frame with a receiving chamber. The clamping assembly is disposed in the receiving chamber and is connected to the flip frame to form a flip body. The flip body is connected to the output end of the flip drive assembly.

5. The laser engraving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flipping and conveying mechanism includes a plurality of flipping and conveying rollers, each of which is arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the workpiece and mounted on the flipping side plate. The clamping assembly includes a pressure roller and a lifting mechanism. The axial direction of the pressure roller is parallel to the axial direction of the flipping and conveying roller. The pressure roller is set at the gap between two adjacent flipping and conveying rollers of the same flipping and conveying mechanism. The pressure roller is connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism.

6. The laser engraving machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the pressure roller is smaller than the width of the gap.

7. The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding unit includes a feeding and conveying component and a barcode scanning component, with the barcode scanning component positioned directly above the feeding and conveying component.

8. The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second flipping unit, which is disposed on the side of the engraving worktable away from the first flipping unit, and the second flipping unit is connected to the engraving worktable.

9. The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding unit, the first flipping unit, and the engraving unit all include sensors for sensing the workpiece to be processed.

10. The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective net, which is arranged around the feeding unit, the first flipping unit and the engraving unit.

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