Annular sand line inner hole cutting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses an annular abrasive line inner hole cutting machine, relates to the technical field of abrasive line cutting, and is suitable for high-precision machining of an inner hole of a closed workpiece. The cutting machine comprises a base, a cutting line main frame, an upper cutting arm, a lower cutting arm, a cutting workpiece moving table and a closed-loop type sand line driving system. The upper cutting arm can slide up and down along the main frame, the cutting height of the abrasive wire is adjusted through the lifting lead screw, and meanwhile the tensioning function is achieved. A sand line forms a closed loop path through the driving line wheel, the driven line wheel, the guide line wheel and the loosening line wheel and is driven by the driving motor to operate, and inner hole cutting is achieved. In order to realize closed-loop punching, a loosening mechanism driven by a servo motor is arranged, so that the sand line can be conveniently inserted in a non-breaking state; the workpiece moving table is provided with a multi-dimensional sliding table structure and a slewing bearing table and supports precise movement and rotary adjustment of a workpiece in a plane. The device is compact in structure, accurate in tensioning and efficient in threading, and the machining efficiency and the cutting quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of abrasive wire cutting technology, specifically to an annular abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, common cutting methods for machining internal holes in closed-loop or irregularly shaped workpieces include traditional techniques such as diamond cutting discs, laser cutting, and waterjet cutting. While these methods have certain advantages in material removal, they still have significant shortcomings in terms of precision control, cutting efficiency, material adaptability, and heat-affected zone control. In particular, when cutting internal holes in brittle materials such as ceramics, glass, and crystals, they are prone to quality problems such as cracks, chipping, and thermal damage, limiting their application in high-precision fields.

[0003] Wire cutting, due to its advantages such as cold processing, fine kerf, and wide material adaptability, has been increasingly applied to the processing of brittle materials in recent years. However, existing wire cutting equipment is mostly used for external contour cutting and is difficult to apply to cutting closed internal holes. The main reasons include the difficulty of the wire smoothly passing through the internal hole to form a closed loop, inconvenient tension adjustment, non-adjustable wire height, and low workpiece positioning and operating efficiency. These problems seriously hinder the promotion and application of wire cutting technology in the field of internal hole machining.

[0004] Therefore, a ring-shaped abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome existing defects and provide a ring-shaped wire abrasive internal hole cutting machine. This machine incorporates an adjustable-height upper cutting arm, a fast-threading loosening wheel structure, a precise tensioning auxiliary mechanism, and a workpiece support platform with multi-directional movement and rotation functions. It achieves efficient cutting of closed internal hole workpieces and features a compact structure, convenient installation, stable tension, high cutting accuracy, and strong adaptability. This significantly improves the application effect and production efficiency of wire abrasive cutting in complex internal hole processing scenarios and effectively solves the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A ring-shaped abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine, comprising a base, a main cutting wire frame, a lower cutting arm, an upper cutting arm, and a workpiece moving table. The lower end of the main cutting wire frame is fixed to the base. One end of the upper cutting arm is slidably connected to the main cutting wire frame via a guide rail. One end of the lower cutting arm is fixed to the side of the main cutting wire frame. The distance between the upper and lower cutting arms is adjustable, thereby changing the cutting height of the abrasive wire. A lifting screw is provided on the side of the main cutting wire frame. The slider of the lifting screw is fixedly connected to the back of the upper cutting arm. The lifting screw can drive the upper cutting arm to move up and down, thereby adjusting the cutting height to meet the cutting requirements of workpieces of different specifications. Moreover, the lifting screw also has the function of tensioning the abrasive wire. The right end of the upper cutting arm and the right end of the lower cutting arm are respectively provided with a driving wire wheel and a driven wire wheel. A drive motor for driving the driving wire wheel is provided on the back of the upper cutting arm. Loosening components are respectively provided at the left end of the upper and lower cutting arms. The loosening components include a loosening thread wheel, a rotary arm, and a servo motor. The servo motor is fixed on the upper and lower cutting arms respectively, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the rotary arm. The loosening thread wheel is installed on the rotary arm. Guide thread wheels are respectively provided between the loosening thread wheel and the driving thread wheel and between the loosening thread wheel and the driven thread wheel. The guide thread wheels play a role in guiding and directing the abrasive thread. The abrasive thread is wound between the driving thread wheel, the driven thread wheel, the guide thread wheel, and the loosening thread wheel. The rotation of the servo motor drives the rotary arm to rotate, which in turn drives the loosening thread wheel to rotate, realizing the loosening and installation of the abrasive thread. When installing the abrasive thread, the loosening thread wheel is loosened so that the abrasive thread passes through the inner hole of the workpiece. Then the two ends of the abrasive thread are connected and tensioned to achieve the cutting of the inner hole. The cutting workpiece moving table is located on the right side of the base. The cutting workpiece moving table is used to realize the left and right and forward and backward movement of the workpiece to facilitate the adjustment of the workpiece position.

[0007] To enable rapid installation and disassembly of the sanding line, connectors are provided at both ends. Each connector includes a plug that snaps into a slot and a crimping part that is fixed to the sanding line. After the connector is inserted into the slot, it is locked in place by a rotating limiting device, enabling rapid assembly of the sanding line and improving overall work efficiency. Alternatively, a quick-hook / dovetail groove clamping structure can be selected. The edges of the main / driven reels are designed with dovetail-shaped guide rails or snap-fit ​​structures. A connector with a "hook" or "dovetail base" is installed at the head of the sanding line. After being inserted into the slot and clamped, it is tightened by a tensioning device. This rapid connection method is suitable for batch operation scenarios. The above connection methods are conventional technologies; the specific structure should be selected based on the actual situation.

[0008] By using a combination of "loosening reel + rotating arm + servo motor", the sanding thread is brought into a "slack state";

[0009] The operator can manually or automatically thread the wire to make the sanding wire bypass the inner hole path of the workpiece;

[0010] Once completed, the loosening sheave is rotated by the sanding thread, and the upper cutting arm is adjusted by the lifting screw to achieve overall tensioning.

[0011] This process does not require disconnecting the sanding thread; it is a closed-loop threading process.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving spool, driven spool, guide spool, and loosening spool are in the same plane, and the driving spool and driven spool are vertically arranged.

[0013] Furthermore, the workpiece moving table includes a horizontal support plate, an upper slide, a lower slide, a horizontal moving screw, and a forward and backward moving screw. The lower slide is slidably connected to the guide rails on both sides of the horizontal moving screw, and the lower slide is fixedly connected to the slider of the horizontal moving screw. The forward and backward moving screw is set on the lower slide, and the upper slide is fixedly connected to the slider of the forward and backward moving screw, while the upper slide is slidably connected to the lower slide. The horizontal moving screw can drive the lower slide to move left and right, and the forward and backward moving screw can drive the upper slide to move forward and backward, thereby realizing the left and right and forward and backward adjustment of the workpiece without manual adjustment, improving work efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an I-beam frame, which is provided in two sets. The lower end of the I-beam frame is fixed to the upper slide table with screws, and the upper end of the I-beam frame is provided with a horizontal support plate. A slewing bearing table is installed on the horizontal support plate. The slewing bearing table is used to place the workpiece, which can both rotate the workpiece and adjust the position of the workpiece.

[0015] Furthermore, a tensioning support frame is provided on the left side of the main frame of the cutting wire. A tensioning screw is provided on the tensioning support frame, and a tensioning slide is fixedly connected to the slider of the tensioning screw. A fixed shaft is provided on the tensioning slide, and a tensioning wheel is provided at one end of the fixed shaft. The abrasive wire passes through the tensioning wheel. The tensioning screw can drive the fixed shaft and the tensioning wheel to move left and right, thereby achieving the loosening and tensioning of the abrasive wire. The tensioning range of this mechanism is small to compensate for the insufficient tension of the abrasive wire. An outer shell is provided on the outside of the main frame of the cutting wire and the tensioning support frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. This utility model, by setting up a cooperative structure between the upper cutting arm and the lifting screw, allows the cutting height of the abrasive wire to be adjusted according to the workpiece size; compared with a structure with a fixed cutting height, this solution improves the applicability of the equipment under different workpiece specifications and simplifies the adjustment process.

[0018] 2. The servo motor-driven loose thread wheel mechanism allows the abrasive thread to be in a relaxed state during the threading process, making it easier to pass through the inner hole of the workpiece and complete the closed winding. This structure reduces manual operation and helps to improve threading efficiency, and is especially suitable for cutting the inner hole of closed workpieces. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention with the protective cover removed;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an isometric drawing of the workpiece cutting moving table of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the loosening pulley drive structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Lower cutting arm, 2. Workpiece moving table, 3. I-beam frame, 4. Slewing bearing, 5. Upper cutting arm, 6. Housing, 7. Base, 8. Tensioning screw, 9. Tensioning slide, 10. Fixed shaft, 11. Tensioning sheave, 12. Loosening sheave, 13. Lifting screw, 14. Guide sheave, 15. Driving sheave, 16. Slewing bearing table, 17. Driven sheave, 18. Cutting wire main frame, 19. Tensioning support frame, 20. Horizontal support plate, 21. Upper slide, 22. Lower slide, 23. Horizontal moving screw, 24. Forward and backward moving screw, 25. Drive motor, 26. Slewing arm, 27. Servo motor, 28. Grinding wire. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-6This utility model provides a technical solution: an annular abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine; in one possible embodiment, the annular abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine includes a base 7, a cutting wire main frame 18, a lower cutting arm 1, an upper cutting arm 5, and a workpiece moving table 2. The lower end of the cutting wire main frame 18 is fixed on the base 7, one end of the upper cutting arm 5 is slidably connected to the cutting wire main frame 18 via a guide rail, and one end of the lower cutting arm 1 is fixed on the side of the cutting wire main frame 18. The distance between the upper cutting arm 5 and the lower cutting arm 1 is adjustable, thereby changing the abrasive wire. The cutting height is 28. A lifting screw 13 is provided on the side of the main frame 18 of the cutting line. The slider of the lifting screw 13 is fixedly connected to the back of the upper cutting arm 5. The upper cutting arm 5 can be driven to move up and down through the lifting screw 13 to adjust the cutting height to meet the cutting requirements of workpieces of different specifications. At the same time, the lifting screw 13 also has the function of tensioning the abrasive wire 28. The right end of the upper cutting arm 5 and the right end of the lower cutting arm 1 are respectively provided with a drive sheave 15 and a driven sheave 17. The back of the upper cutting arm 5 is provided with a drive motor for driving the drive sheave 15. 25. Loosening components are respectively provided at the left ends of the upper cutting arm 5 and the lower cutting arm 1. The loosening components include a loosening reel 12, a rotary arm 26, and a servo motor 27. The servo motor 27 is fixed on the upper cutting arm 5 and the lower cutting arm 1, respectively. The output shaft of the servo motor 27 is connected to the rotary arm 26. The loosening reel 12 is mounted on the rotary arm 26. Guide reels 14 are respectively provided between the loosening reel 12 and the driving reel 15 and between the loosening reel 12 and the driven reel 17. The guide reels 14 guide and direct the sanding wire 28. The abrasive wire 28 is wound between the driving reel 15, the driven reel 17, the guide reel 14, and the loosening reel 12. The servo motor 27 rotates, driving the rotary arm 26 to rotate, which in turn drives the loosening reel 12 to rotate, thus loosening and installing the abrasive wire 28. When installing the abrasive wire 28, the loosening reel 12 is loosened, allowing the abrasive wire 28 to pass through the inner hole of the workpiece. The two ends of the abrasive wire 28 are then connected and tensioned to achieve cutting of the inner hole. The workpiece cutting moving table 2 is located on the right side of the base 7 and is used to move the workpiece left and right and forward and backward to facilitate adjustment of the workpiece position.

[0028] In one possible implementation, to ensure the stable operation of the abrasive wire 28, the driving wire wheel 15, the driven wire wheel 17, the guide wire wheel 14, and the loosening wire wheel 12 are designed on the same horizontal working plane. The driving wire wheel 15 and the driven wire wheel 17 are vertically arranged to form an upper and lower structure. By arranging them on the same plane, the force path of the abrasive wire 28 is consistent, effectively avoiding abrasive wire deviation, jumping, or uneven wear caused by uneven wheel positions, and improving the tension stability and cutting accuracy of the cutting wire.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the workpiece moving stage 2 adopts a dual-axis structure design, including a lower slide stage 22 and an upper slide stage 21. The lower slide stage 22 moves left and right on the base via a horizontal moving screw 23, while the upper slide stage 21 moves forward and backward on the lower slide stage via a forward and backward moving screw 24. The above slide stage system is equipped with high-precision linear guides and ball screws to ensure smooth operation and maintain positional accuracy. This moving stage structure allows the workpiece to be adjusted independently in two directions, and can be precisely aligned with the wire cutting path, making it particularly suitable for cutting the inner holes of asymmetrical or complex workpieces.

[0030] In one possible implementation, to improve the workpiece's posture adjustment capability during the cutting process, two sets of I-beam frames 3 are installed on the upper slide table 21 to support the horizontal support plate 20 and carry the slewing support table 16. When the workpiece is placed on the slewing support table 16, it can rotate freely in the horizontal plane, allowing the cutting sand line to flexibly bypass the inner hole path for multi-angle cutting. This structure performs particularly well in cutting irregular or circular inner holes, effectively reducing cutting dead angles and improving cutting efficiency.

[0031] In one possible implementation, to further improve the tensioning effect of the abrasive wire 28, a tensioning support frame 19 is provided on the left side of the main frame 18 of the cutting wire. A tensioning screw 8 is installed on the frame and linked to a tensioning slide 9. The tensioning slide 9 is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft 10, and a tensioning wheel 11 is installed on the fixed shaft 10. After the abrasive wire 28 passes through the tensioning wheel 11, the tensioning screw 8 is adjusted to drive the tensioning wheel 11 to make a small displacement in the horizontal plane, thereby achieving fine adjustment compensation of the abrasive wire tension. This structure is particularly suitable for fine adjustment needs when the main tensioning mechanism is already at its maximum displacement, ensuring the continuous stability of the abrasive wire tension and further optimizing cutting consistency and wheel life.

[0032] Working principle: The abrasive wire 28 is wound sequentially around the driving wire wheel 15, the driven wire wheel 17, the guide wire wheel 14, and the loosening wire wheel 12 to form a closed loop path; the drive motor 25 is installed on the back side of the upper cutting arm 5 to drive the driving wire wheel 15 to rotate, thereby driving the abrasive wire 28 to move continuously in the closed loop path to achieve cutting processing of the inner hole area of ​​the workpiece; in order to adapt to workpieces of different thicknesses and heights, the device is equipped with a lifting screw 13. By adjusting the lifting screw 13, the upper cutting arm 5 can be driven to slide up and down along the main frame of the cutting line 18, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the abrasive wire 28 and ensuring that its cutting position is accurately aligned with the target area of ​​the workpiece.

[0033] During the installation of the abrasive wire 28, the servo motor 27 drives the rotary arm 26 to rotate, thereby causing the loosening sheave 12 to rotate and move, so that the abrasive wire 28 is in a relaxed state. The operator can then pass the abrasive wire through the closed inner hole without breaking the wire. The lifting screw 13 and the tensioning mechanism are then used to complete the closed-loop tensioning. During the cutting process, the auxiliary tensioning structure consists of the tensioning support frame 19, the tensioning screw 8, and the tensioning sheave 11, which is used to perform fine-tuning tension compensation on the abrasive wire 28 to maintain its constant and stable tension. In addition, the workpiece support platform achieves precise movement in the XY direction through the upper and lower sliding tables, the horizontal screw 23, and the front and rear screws 24, and combines with the rotary support table 16 to achieve workpiece rotation adjustment, so that the workpiece position is precisely controlled in space, ensuring that the cutting path is highly matched with the shape of the workpiece inner hole.

[0034] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of this utility model. Various changes and modifications may be made to this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this utility model as claimed.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine, comprising a base (7), a cutting wire main frame (18), a lower cutting arm (1), an upper cutting arm (5), and a workpiece moving table (2), characterized in that: The lower end of the main cutting frame (18) is fixed on the base (7). One end of the upper cutting arm (5) is slidably connected to the main cutting frame (18) via a guide rail. One end of the lower cutting arm (1) is fixed on the side of the main cutting frame (18). A lifting screw (13) is provided on the side of the main cutting frame (18). The slider of the lifting screw (13) is fixedly connected to the back of the upper cutting arm (5). The right end of the upper cutting arm (5) and the right end of the lower cutting arm (1) are respectively provided with a drive wheel (15) and a driven wheel (17). The back of the upper cutting arm (5) is provided with a drive motor (25) for driving the drive wheel (15). The left end of the upper cutting arm (5) and the left end of the lower cutting arm (1) are respectively provided with There is a loosening assembly, which includes a loosening thread wheel (12), a rotary arm (26) and a servo motor (27). The servo motor (27) is fixed on the upper cutting arm (5) and the lower cutting arm (1) respectively. The output shaft of the servo motor (27) is connected to the rotary arm (26). The loosening thread wheel (12) is installed on the rotary arm (26). Guide thread wheels (14) are respectively provided between the loosening thread wheel (12) and the driving thread wheel (15) and between the loosening thread wheel (12) and the driven thread wheel (17). The sanding thread (28) is wound between the driving thread wheel (15), the driven thread wheel (17), the guide thread wheel (14) and the loosening thread wheel (12). The cutting workpiece moving table (2) is located on the right side of the base (7).

2. The annular abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving spool (15), driven spool (17), guide spool (14) and loosening spool (12) are in the same plane, and the driving spool (15) and driven spool (17) are vertically arranged.

3. The annular abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece cutting moving table (2) includes a horizontal support plate (20), an upper slide (21), a lower slide (22), a horizontal moving screw (23), and a front-to-back moving screw (24). The lower slide (22) is slidably connected to the guide rails on both sides of the horizontal moving screw (23), and the lower slide (22) is fixedly connected to the slider of the horizontal moving screw (23). The front-to-back moving screw (24) is set on the lower slide (22), and the upper slide (21) is fixedly connected to the slider of the front-to-back moving screw (24). The upper slide (21) is slidably connected to the lower slide (22).

4. The annular abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an I-beam frame (3), which is provided in two sets. The lower end of the I-beam frame (3) is fixed to the upper slide table (21) by screws. The upper end of the I-beam frame (3) is provided with a horizontal support plate (20), and a slewing bearing table (16) is installed on the horizontal support plate (20).

5. The annular abrasive wire internal hole cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tensioning support frame (19) is provided on the left side of the main frame (18) of the cutting wire. A tensioning screw (8) is provided on the tensioning support frame (19). A tensioning slide (9) is fixedly connected to the slider of the tensioning screw (8). A fixed shaft (10) is provided on the tensioning slide (9). A tensioning wheel (11) is provided at one end of the fixed shaft (10). The abrasive wire (28) passes through the tensioning wheel (11). A housing (6) is provided on the outside of the main frame (18) of the cutting wire and the tensioning support frame (19).

Images