Sludge incineration device

Abstract

An outlet in the upper end of a drying and dewatering device is communicated with an incineration cavity of a sludge incinerator, the top of the sludge incinerator is communicated with a dust remover through a smoke pipeline, a spray tower is arranged at the output end of the dust remover, and a denitration device is arranged at the output end of the spray tower. And the fly ash re-combustion chamber is positioned at the lower end of the dust remover and is used for re-combusting substances discharged from the lower end of the dust remover. According to the invention, sludge is fully dehydrated and dried before entering the incinerator; a sludge incineration auxiliary material adding opening is formed in an incineration cavity of the sludge incinerator, the incineration efficiency and the product quality are improved, flue gas treatment is achieved, and pollution to the atmospheric environment is greatly reduced; due to fly ash treatment, potential hazards of fly ash to the environment and human health are reduced; high-temperature gas in the incineration cavity of the sludge incinerator is introduced into the sludge drying and dewatering device through the gas pipeline and used for drying the sludge, and remarkable economic benefits and environmental benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sludge incineration treatment, specifically to a sludge incineration device. Background Technology

[0002] Sludge typically contains large amounts of organic matter, pathogens, heavy metals, and other harmful substances. Indiscriminate dumping or discharge not only occupies significant land resources but can also lead to a series of environmental problems, including soil, water, and air pollution. Among various sludge treatment methods, incineration, as an important means of reducing, rendering harmless, and recycling sludge, has been widely adopted. However, traditional sludge incineration methods have many drawbacks. On the one hand, due to the high water content of sludge, direct incineration requires a large amount of energy and has low combustion efficiency, making it difficult to achieve complete combustion and easily producing large amounts of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and dioxins, causing serious air pollution. On the other hand, existing sludge incineration devices have shortcomings in structural design and processing procedures. For example, the fly ash produced during incineration contains large amounts of heavy metals and harmful substances, which, if not properly handled, can pose potential hazards to the environment and human health. Furthermore, existing incineration devices are not efficient in energy utilization, failing to fully utilize the heat generated during incineration, resulting in energy waste. In conclusion, developing a new type of efficient, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving sludge incineration device is of significant practical importance and urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, to address the aforementioned shortcomings, this utility model provides a sludge incineration device that thoroughly dehydrates and dries the sludge before it enters the incinerator. The incineration chamber of the sludge incinerator is equipped with a sludge incineration auxiliary material addition port to improve incineration efficiency and product quality. It also features flue gas treatment, significantly reducing atmospheric pollution. Furthermore, it includes fly ash treatment to minimize the potential harm of fly ash to the environment and human health. Finally, it utilizes a gas pipeline to introduce high-temperature gas from the incineration chamber into a sludge drying and dehydration device for sludge drying treatment, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0004] This utility model is implemented by constructing a sludge incineration device, characterized in that:

[0005] The sludge incineration unit consists of: a sludge drying and dewatering unit, a sludge incinerator, a dust collector, a spray tower, a denitrification unit, and a fly ash re-combustion chamber;

[0006] The upper part of the drying and dewatering device is equipped with a feed hopper for the sludge to be incinerated. The upper outlet of the drying and dewatering device is connected to the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator. The top of the sludge incinerator is connected to a dust collector through a flue pipe. A spray tower is installed at the output end of the dust collector, and a denitrification device is installed at the output end of the spray tower. The fly ash re-combustion chamber is located at the lower end of the dust collector and is used to re-combust the material discharged from the lower end of the dust collector. The flue gas outlet of the fly ash re-combustion chamber is connected back to the dust collector. The combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator is connected to the sludge drying and dewatering device through a gas pipeline, and the high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber is introduced into the sludge drying and dewatering device for drying the sludge. The combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator is equipped with a sludge incineration auxiliary material addition port.

[0007] Furthermore, the sludge drying and dewatering device is used to dewater and dry the sludge to be incinerated, reducing the moisture content of the sludge to be incinerated; the flue gas generated by the sludge incinerator is first removed by a dust collector, then enters a spray tower to remove fine particulate matter, and finally enters a denitrification device for further denitrification.

[0008] Furthermore, combustion aids, desulfurizers, denitrifiers, adsorbents, or additives can be added to the sludge incinerator through the incineration auxiliary material addition port; combustion aids include fuel oil and fuel gas; desulfurizers include limestone and calcium hydroxide; denitrifiers include urea and ammonia; adsorbents include activated carbon and zeolite; and additives include kaolin and bentonite.

[0009] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0010] (1) Efficient sludge pretreatment: By setting up a sludge drying and dewatering device, the sludge can be fully dewatered and dried before entering the incinerator. This measure significantly reduces the moisture content of the sludge to be incinerated, making it easier to burn during the incineration process, greatly improving combustion efficiency and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the stable sludge quality entering the incinerator ensures the stability of the incineration process and is conducive to improving the overall incineration effect.

[0011] (2) Optimized incineration process: The incineration chamber of the sludge incinerator is equipped with a sludge incineration auxiliary material addition port, which can flexibly add combustion aids, desulfurizers, denitrifiers, adsorbents and additives according to actual needs. Adding combustion aids such as fuel oil and gas can enhance the combustion effect and ensure that the sludge is fully burned; adding desulfurizers such as limestone and calcium hydroxide can effectively remove harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide generated during the incineration process; using denitrifiers such as urea and ammonia water can reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides; adsorbents such as activated carbon and zeolite can adsorb harmful pollutants; additives such as kaolin and bentonite can help improve the incineration characteristics, improve the incineration efficiency and product quality, and comprehensively reduce the pollution of the environment during the incineration process.

[0012] (3) Flue gas treatment capability: The device has a complete flue gas treatment process. The flue gas generated by the sludge incinerator first enters the dust collector for preliminary dust removal, effectively removing large particles of dust and other impurities. Subsequently, the flue gas enters the spray tower for further removal of fine particulate matter, purifying the flue gas. Finally, the flue gas enters the denitrification unit for deep denitrification treatment, significantly reducing the nitrogen oxide content. Through this series of treatment processes, the flue gas can meet strict environmental emission standards, greatly reducing pollution to the atmospheric environment.

[0013] (4) Fly ash treatment: A fly ash re-combustion chamber is set at the bottom of the dust collector to re-combust the fly ash containing a large amount of heavy metals and harmful substances discharged from the dust collector. This not only enables the combustible components in the fly ash to burn completely, reducing the volume and weight of the fly ash and lowering the difficulty of subsequent treatment, but also allows the flue gas outlet of the fly ash re-combustion chamber 6 to be connected back to the dust collector, realizing the secondary treatment of the flue gas generated by the re-combustion of fly ash, further ensuring the safety of flue gas emissions and reducing the potential harm of fly ash to the environment and human health.

[0014] (5) Energy-saving utilization: High-temperature gas from the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator is introduced into the sludge drying and dewatering device through a gas pipeline for sludge drying treatment. This design realizes the effective recovery and utilization of waste heat during the incineration process, converting the originally wasted heat into the energy required for sludge drying, reducing the consumption of additional energy, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the entire device, conforming to the development concept of energy conservation and environmental protection, and having significant economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall implementation structure of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1 This utility model will be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0017] This utility model provides a sludge incineration device, such as... Figure 1As shown, it can be implemented as follows: The sludge incineration device comprises: a sludge drying and dewatering device 1, a sludge incinerator 2, a dust collector 3, a spray tower 4, a denitrification device 5, and a fly ash re-combustion chamber 6; the upper part of the drying and dewatering device 1 is equipped with a feed hopper 7 for the sludge to be incinerated, the upper outlet of the drying and dewatering device 1 is connected to the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator 2, the top of the sludge incinerator 2 is connected to the dust collector 3 through a flue, and a spray tower 4 is installed at the output end of the dust collector 3; the output of the spray tower 4... A denitrification device 5 is installed at the end; the fly ash re-combustion chamber 6 is located at the lower end of the dust collector 3 and is used to re-combust the material (fly ash) discharged from the lower end of the dust collector 3; the flue gas outlet of the fly ash re-combustion chamber 6 is connected back to the dust collector 3; the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator 2 is connected to the sludge drying and dewatering device 1 through the gas pipeline 9, and the high temperature gas in the combustion chamber is introduced into the sludge drying and dewatering device 1 for drying the sludge; the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator 2 is provided with a sludge incineration auxiliary material addition port 8.

[0018] When the device is implemented, the sludge drying and dewatering device 1 is used to dewater and dry the sludge to be incinerated, reducing the moisture content of the sludge to be incinerated; the flue gas generated by the sludge incinerator 2 is first removed by the dust collector 3, then enters the spray tower 4 to remove fine particulate matter, and finally enters the denitrification device 5 for further denitrification (thereby ensuring that the discharged flue gas is harmless).

[0019] When the device is implemented, combustion aids, desulfurizers, denitrifiers, adsorbents, or additives can be added to the sludge incinerator 2 through the incineration auxiliary material addition port 8. Combustion aids include fuel oil and fuel gas; desulfurizers include limestone and calcium hydroxide; denitrifiers include urea and ammonia; adsorbents include activated carbon and zeolite; and additives include kaolin and bentonite.

[0020] The implementation of this device is described below;

[0021] (1) Sludge pretreatment:

[0022] Feeding: The sludge to be incinerated is conveyed to the sludge drying and dewatering device 1 through the feed hopper 7. The feed hopper 7 can be equipped with a flow control device to precisely adjust the sludge feeding speed according to the load of the subsequent treatment equipment, ensuring the continuity and stability of the treatment process.

[0023] Drying and Dewatering: The sludge drying and dewatering device 1 is started, and high-temperature gas from the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator 2 is introduced into the device through gas pipeline 9. The high-temperature gas comes into full contact with the sludge, using the heat it carries to dry the sludge, causing the moisture in the sludge to evaporate rapidly. At the same time, the device may be equipped with a stirring or turning mechanism to ensure that the sludge is heated evenly and improve the drying and dewatering efficiency. After this stage of treatment, the moisture content of the sludge is significantly reduced, and it enters the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator 2 from the upper outlet of the device 1.

[0024] (2) Sludge incineration:

[0025] Incineration Start-up: After drying and dehydration, the sludge enters the incineration chamber. Based on the characteristics of the sludge and its combustion status, an appropriate amount of combustion aid, such as fuel oil or natural gas, is added through the sludge incineration auxiliary material addition port 8 to help the sludge ignite smoothly and maintain stable combustion. During incineration, parameters such as temperature and oxygen content inside the incinerator are continuously monitored to adjust the amount of combustion aid added and ventilation in a timely manner, ensuring complete combustion of the sludge.

[0026] Addition of auxiliary materials: As incineration proceeds, to reduce the emission of harmful gases generated during incineration, based on real-time monitoring of exhaust gas composition data, appropriate desulfurizing agents, such as limestone and calcium hydroxide, are added through inlet 8. These react chemically with acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide to generate solid sulfates, thereby removing sulfur dioxide. Denitrifying agents such as urea and ammonia are added to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by reacting with nitrogen oxides at high temperatures. Adsorbents such as activated carbon and zeolite are added to adsorb other harmful pollutants generated during incineration. Additives such as kaolin and bentonite are added to optimize incineration characteristics and improve incineration efficiency and product quality.

[0027] (3) Flue gas treatment:

[0028] Preliminary dust removal: The high-temperature flue gas generated by the sludge incinerator 2 enters the dust collector 3 from the top through the flue pipe. The dust collector 3 can be a common type such as a cyclone dust collector or a bag dust collector. It uses centrifugal force and filtration principles to remove large particles of dust and unburned solid impurities from the flue gas, thereby reducing the dust content of the flue gas.

[0029] Fine particulate matter removal: The flue gas, after preliminary purification by dust collector 3, enters spray tower 4. Inside spray tower 4, an alkaline solution or clean water is sprayed from top to bottom, ensuring full contact between the flue gas and the spray liquid. Through the scouring and adsorption of fine particulate matter by the spray liquid, fine dust, acidic gases, and other pollutants in the flue gas are further removed, thus purifying the flue gas.

[0030] Denitrification treatment: The flue gas treated by spray tower 4 enters denitrification device 5. Denitrification device 5 can use technologies such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR). Under a catalyst or high-temperature environment, denitrification agents such as urea and ammonia water are used to reduce nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, converting them into nitrogen and water, which significantly reduces the content of nitrogen oxides and enables the flue gas to meet strict environmental emission standards.

[0031] (4) Fly ash treatment:

[0032] Fly ash collection and recombustion: During the dust removal process in dust collector 3, the collected fly ash, containing a large amount of heavy metals and harmful substances, enters the fly ash recombustion chamber 6 from the bottom of dust collector 3. Inside the fly ash recombustion chamber 6, by supplementing air and providing appropriate temperature conditions, the combustible components in the fly ash are fully combusted, reducing the volume and weight of the fly ash and lowering the difficulty of subsequent treatment. The flue gas generated by combustion in the fly ash recombustion chamber 6 is returned to dust collector 3 from its flue gas outlet and re-enters the flue gas treatment process. This ensures that pollutants in the flue gas generated by fly ash recombustion are effectively treated, guaranteeing the safety of the final emitted flue gas and reducing the potential hazards of fly ash to the environment and human health.

[0033] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A sludge incineration device, characterized in that... ； The sludge incineration device consists of: a sludge drying and dewatering device (1), a sludge incinerator (2), a dust collector (3), a spray tower (4), a denitrification device (5), and a fly ash re-combustion chamber (6). The upper part of the drying and dewatering device (1) is equipped with a feed hopper (7) for the sludge to be incinerated. The upper outlet of the drying and dewatering device (1) is connected to the combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator (2). The top of the sludge incinerator (2) is connected to the dust collector (3) through a flue pipe. A spray tower (4) is set at the output end of the dust collector (3). A denitrification device (5) is set at the output end of the spray tower (4). The fly ash re-combustion chamber (6) is located at the lower end of the dust collector (3) and is used to re-combust the material discharged from the lower end of the dust collector (3). The flue gas outlet of the fly ash re-combustion chamber (6) is connected back to the dust collector (3). The combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator (2) is connected to the sludge drying and dewatering device (1) through a gas pipeline (9). The high temperature gas in the combustion chamber is introduced into the sludge drying and dewatering device (1) for drying the sludge. The combustion chamber of the sludge incinerator (2) is equipped with a sludge incineration auxiliary material addition port (8).

2. The sludge incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that; The sludge drying and dewatering device (1) is used to dewater and dry the sludge to be incinerated, thereby reducing the moisture content of the sludge to be incinerated; The flue gas generated by the sludge incinerator (2) is first dusted by the dust collector (3), then enters the spray tower (4) to remove fine particulate matter, and finally enters the denitrification device (5) for further denitrification.

3. The sludge incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that; Through the incineration auxiliary material addition port (8), combustion aids, desulfurizers, denitrifiers, adsorbents or additives can be added to the sludge incinerator (2); combustion aids include fuel oil and fuel gas; desulfurizers include limestone and calcium hydroxide; denitrifiers include urea and ammonia; adsorbents include activated carbon and zeolite; additives include kaolin and bentonite.

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