Vertical hot blast stove

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hot blast stoves, in particular to a vertical hot blast stove which comprises an inner container layer, a smoke layer, a cold air layer and an outer container layer, a combustion chamber is arranged in the inner container layer, an air heating chamber is arranged between the inner container layer and the smoke layer, a flue is arranged between the smoke layer and the cold air layer, an air inlet chamber is arranged between the cold air layer and the outer container layer, and an air inlet duct is arranged on the outer container layer. A top cover is arranged on the top of the outer container layer, a top plate is arranged on the top of the cold air layer, an air passing hole is formed in the middle of the top plate, an inner container top plate is arranged on the top of the inner container layer and the top of the smoke layer, and air inducing openings are formed in the outer circle of the inner container top plate in a circumferential array mode. The air heating chamber is communicated with the air inlet chamber through an air inducing opening and an air passing hole, the top of the flue is communicated with the combustion chamber through a plurality of smoke channels, and the boiler further comprises an air outlet channel, a plurality of smoke outlet pipelines and a boiler door nozzle channel. The utility model has the advantage of high heat utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hot air furnace technology, specifically a vertical hot air furnace. Background Technology

[0002] With economic development and the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization, various agricultural machines have entered the fields. However, traditional sun-drying is still the main method for drying grains. Sun-drying is time-consuming, inefficient, and requires a lot of manual labor. Existing grain drying machinery also suffers from drawbacks such as low hot air temperature and high energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a vertical hot air furnace to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A vertical hot air furnace includes an inner liner layer, a flue gas layer, a cold air layer, and an outer liner layer. The inner liner layer, flue gas layer, cold air layer, and outer liner layer are sequentially nested from the inside out. The bottoms of the inner liner layer, flue gas layer, cold air layer, and outer liner layer are fixed to the furnace body base plate. The interior of the inner liner layer is a combustion chamber; the space between the inner liner layer and the flue gas layer is an air heating chamber; the space between the flue gas layer and the cold air layer is a flue; the space between the cold air layer and the outer liner layer is an air inlet chamber; an air inlet duct is provided on the outer liner layer, with the air inlet direction tangential to the outer liner layer; a top cover is provided on the top of the outer liner layer; a top plate is provided on the top of the cold air layer; and an air vent is provided in the center of the top plate. The inner liner layer… An inner liner top plate is provided on top of the flue gas layer. The outer diameter of the inner liner top plate is the same as the inner diameter of the cold air layer. Multiple air inlets are arranged in a circular array around the outer ring of the inner liner top plate. An adjusting block is detachably installed inside each air inlet. The adjusting block and the outer ring of the air inlet form a ventilation gap. The air heating chamber is connected to the air intake chamber through the air inlets and air passages. The top of the flue is connected to the combustion chamber through multiple flue gas channels. It also includes an exhaust channel. The exhaust channel passes through the outer liner layer, the cold air layer, and the flue gas layer and connects to the lower end of the air heating chamber. It also includes multiple smoke exhaust pipes. The smoke exhaust pipes pass through the outer liner layer and the cold air layer and connect to the lower end of the flue. It also includes a furnace door nozzle channel. The furnace door nozzle channel passes through the outer liner layer, the cold air layer, the flue gas layer, and the inner liner layer and connects to the combustion chamber.

[0005] Furthermore, the top surface of the inner liner top plate is provided with an installation groove at each of the air inlets, the installation groove is connected to the air inlet, and an installation plate is fixed to one end of the adjusting block near the installation groove, the installation plate is connected to the inner liner top plate by screws.

[0006] Furthermore, a graphene sealing ring is provided between the outer liner and the top cover. The outer ring of the graphene sealing ring is fixed to the inner wall of the outer liner. The inner diameter of the graphene sealing ring gradually decreases from top to bottom. The top cover is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the graphene sealing ring.

[0007] Furthermore, a first flange is fixed to the outer wall of the outer liner, and a second flange is fixed to the outer wall of the top cover, with the second flange connected to the first flange by bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, a fire-resistant wall is provided at the lower end of the inner liner layer.

[0009] Furthermore, a smoke outlet is provided at the upper end of the inner liner layer, and the smoke outlet is connected to the combustion chamber through a flue gas passage. An ash cover plate is provided on the inner wall of the inner liner layer below the smoke outlet, and the ash cover plate is provided with an arc-shaped notch.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple spiral air guide plates are provided on the outer wall of the cold air layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the inner liner is provided with multiple spiral guide plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the width of the spiral air guide plate is smaller than the distance between the cold air layer and the outer liner layer. The outer wall of the cold air layer is also provided with an air intake spiral partition plate. The pitch of the air intake spiral partition plate is greater than the pitch of the spiral air guide plate, and the width of the air intake spiral partition plate is the same as the distance between the cold air layer and the outer liner layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the width of the spiral guide plate is smaller than the distance between the inner liner layer and the flue gas layer, and the outer wall of the inner liner layer is also provided with an exhaust spiral partition plate. The pitch of the exhaust spiral partition plate is greater than the pitch of the spiral guide plate, and the width of the exhaust spiral partition plate is the same as the distance between the inner liner layer and the flue gas layer.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. When air enters through the vent, it moves from the center of the inner liner top plate to the air inlet on the outer perimeter of the inner liner top plate. During this process, the high temperature of the inner liner top plate can be used to heat the air. Since there are multiple air inlets, after the air enters through the vent, it can diffuse to the perimeter of the inner liner top plate and enter the air heating chamber through the air inlets. This can make good use of the temperature of the inner liner top plate, and the air is evenly dispersed, resulting in high heat utilization.

[0016] 2. By installing adjustment blocks of different sizes, the size of the ventilation gap can be adjusted, and the hot air flow rate can be adjusted, making it convenient to adjust according to actual needs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical hot air furnace according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a vertical hot air furnace according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the air inlet structure of a vertical hot air furnace according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ash cover plate of a vertical hot air furnace according to this utility model;

[0021] In the diagram, 1-outer liner layer, 2-cold air layer, 3-flue gas layer, 4-inner liner layer, 5-furnace body bottom plate, 6-combustion chamber, 7-air heating chamber, 8-flue, 9-inlet chamber, 10-inlet duct, 11-top cover, 12-top plate, 13-inner liner top plate, 14-flue gas passage, 15-outlet passage, 16-outlet flue, 17-furnace door passage, 18-fired wall, 19-ash cover plate, 20-spiral guide plate, 21-spiral guide plate, 22-inlet spiral partition plate, 23-outlet spiral partition plate, 24-air passage hole, 25-air inlet, 26-arc notch, 27-adjusting block, 28-installation groove, 29-installation plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a vertical hot air furnace includes an inner liner layer 4, a flue gas layer 3, a cold air layer 2, and an outer liner layer 1. The inner liner layer 4, flue gas layer 3, cold air layer 2, and outer liner layer 1 are sequentially arranged from the inside out. The bottoms of the inner liner layer 4, flue gas layer 3, cold air layer 2, and outer liner layer 1 are fixed to the furnace body base plate 5. The interior of the inner liner layer 4 is a combustion chamber 6. The space between the inner liner layer 4 and the flue gas layer 3 is an air heating chamber 7. The space between the flue gas layer 3 and the cold air layer 2 is a flue 8. The space between the cold air layer 2 and the outer liner layer 1 is an air inlet chamber 9. An air inlet duct 10 is provided on the outer liner layer 1, with the air inlet direction tangent to the outer liner layer 1. A top cover 11 is provided on the top of the outer liner layer 1. The top of the cold air layer 2 is... There is a top plate 12 with an air vent 24 in the middle. An inner top plate 13 is provided on top of the inner liner layer 4 and the flue gas layer 3. The outer diameter of the inner top plate 13 is the same as the inner diameter of the cold air layer 2. Multiple air inlets 25 are arranged in a circular array around the outer ring of the inner top plate 13. An adjusting block 27 is detachably installed inside the air inlet 25. A ventilation gap is formed between the adjusting block 27 and the outer ring of the air inlet 25. The air heating chamber 7 is connected to the air intake chamber 9 through the air inlets 25 and the air vent 24. The top of the flue 8 is connected to the combustion chamber 6 through multiple flue gas channels 14. It also includes an exhaust channel 15, which passes through the outer liner layer 1, the cold air layer 2 and the flue gas layer 3 and connects to the air heating chamber. The lower end of 7 also includes multiple flue gas ducts 16, which pass through the outer liner layer 1 and the cold air layer 2 to connect to the lower end of the flue 8. It also includes a furnace door nozzle channel 17, which passes through the outer liner layer 1, the cold air layer 2, the flue gas layer 3, and the inner liner layer 4 to connect to the combustion chamber 6. In this embodiment, the hot blast stove adopts a multi-layer structure, with the outermost layer being the outer liner layer 1. An air inlet duct 10 is provided on the outer liner layer 1. Air enters the air intake chamber 9 from the air inlet duct 10, and then enters the area between the top plate 12 and the inner liner top plate 13 from the top of the air intake chamber 9 through the air passage hole 24 provided in the middle of the top plate 12. In this embodiment, the air passage hole 24 is located in the middle of the top plate 12. Air enters the area between the top plate 12 and the inner liner top plate 13 from the air passage hole 24. 4. When air enters, it passes through multiple air inlets 25 set around the inner liner top plate 13 and enters the air heating chamber 7 for heating. When the burner is burning and heating in the combustion chamber 6, the inner liner top plate 13 will also be heated. When air enters through the air passage 24, it moves from the middle of the inner liner top plate 13 to the air inlets 25 around the inner liner top plate 13. During this process, the high temperature of the inner liner top plate 13 can be used to heat the air. Since multiple air inlets 25 are set, after the air enters through the air passage 24, it can diffuse to the periphery of the inner liner top plate 13 and enter the air heating chamber 7 through the air inlets 25. In this way, the temperature of the inner liner top plate 13 can be well utilized, and the air is evenly dispersed, resulting in high heat utilization rate.The burner head heats the inner liner layer 4, thus heating the air entering the air heating chamber 7. The heated air is then drawn out through the exhaust channel 15 for use. Between the air heating chamber 7 and the intake chamber 9 is a flue 8. The flue gas generated by the burner head combustion enters the flue 8 through the flue gas channel 14 at the upper end of the inner liner layer 4, and then flows from the top of the flue 8 to the exhaust pipe 16 at the bottom. Because the flue gas generated by combustion has a very high temperature, the flue 8 is positioned between the air heating chamber 7 and the intake chamber. Between the two chambers 9 and 9, the flue 8 is not connected to the air heating chamber 7 and the air intake chamber 9. When the flue gas is discharged, the residual heat of the flue gas can be used to preheat the air entering the air intake chamber 9, and simultaneously heat the air in the air heating chamber 7, thus greatly improving heat utilization efficiency. Secondly, the adjusting blocks 27 are provided in different sizes, with different radial lengths along the inner liner top plate 13. By installing adjusting blocks 27 of different sizes, the size of the ventilation gap can be adjusted, and the hot air flow rate can be regulated, facilitating adjustment according to actual needs.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the top surface of the inner liner top plate 13 has an installation groove 28 at each air inlet 25. The installation groove 28 is connected to the air inlet 25. The end of the adjusting block 27 near the installation groove 28 is fixed with an installation plate 29. The installation plate 29 is connected to the inner liner top plate 13 by screws. The installation plate 29 of the adjusting block 27 is inserted into the corresponding installation groove 28, and finally the screws are tightened, so that the adjusting block 27 can be quickly installed on the inner liner top plate 13. The operation is simple and quick.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] Based on Embodiment 2, a graphene sealing ring is provided between the outer liner layer 1 and the top cover 11. The outer ring of the graphene sealing ring is fixed to the inner wall of the outer liner layer 1, and the inner diameter of the graphene sealing ring gradually decreases from top to bottom. The top cover 11 is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the graphene sealing ring. A first flange is fixed to the outer wall of the outer liner layer 1, and a second flange is fixed to the outer wall of the top cover 11. The second flange is connected to the first flange by bolts. After the adjusting block 27 is installed, the top cover 11 is then installed to close the top opening of the outer liner layer 1. To improve the sealing performance between the top cover 11 and the outer liner layer 1 and reduce heat loss, a graphene sealing ring is used to seal the gap between the top cover 11 and the outer liner layer 1. The graphene sealing ring has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and can... To adapt to the high-temperature environment of the hot air furnace and facilitate the installation of the top cover 11, the inner diameter of the graphene sealing ring is tapered, with the maximum diameter at the top being larger than the diameter of the top cover 11, allowing the top cover 11 to be easily inserted into the graphene sealing ring. The minimum diameter of the graphene sealing ring is smaller than the diameter of the top cover 11. By tapping, the top cover 11 is gradually made to interfere with the graphene sealing ring, so that the first flange contacts the second flange, indicating that the top cover 11 is properly assembled. Finally, the first flange and the second flange are connected by bolts to improve the connection strength between the top cover 11 and the outer liner 1. To facilitate the disassembly of the top cover 11, the outer diameter of the second flange is larger than the outer diameter of the first flange. After removing the bolts, the second flange can be tapped from bottom to top to disengage the top cover 11 from the graphene sealing ring.

[0028] Example 4

[0029] Based on Example 3, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a fire-resistant wall 18 is provided at the lower end of the inner liner layer 4. The burner burns at the lower end of the inner liner layer 4. Due to the high temperature, in order to protect the inner liner layer 4 and improve its service life, a fire-resistant wall 18 is installed on the inner wall of the inner liner layer 4 to protect the inner liner layer 4.

[0030] Furthermore, a smoke outlet is provided at the upper end of the inner liner layer 4, which is connected to the combustion chamber 6 through the flue gas passage 14. An ash cover plate 19 is provided on the inner wall of the inner liner layer 4 below the smoke outlet. By providing an ash cover plate 19 below the smoke outlet, some of the ash in the flue gas can be blocked, thereby reducing the emission of particulate matter in the flue gas. When the flue gas rises from the bottom of the inner liner layer 4 and enters the flue 8 through the smoke outlet, it will first pass through the ash cover plate 19. At this time, some particles collide with the ash cover plate 19, and their speed will be reduced, thus falling down, achieving the blocking effect. An arc notch 26 is provided on the ash cover plate 19. An arc notch 26 is provided at the end of the ash cover plate 19 away from the connection with the inner liner layer 4. In this way, after the flue gas is blocked by the ash cover plate 19, it can flow to the smoke outlet through the arc notch 26. If there is no notch, the flue gas will form a vortex below the ash cover plate 19, affecting the smoke outlet.

[0031] Example 5

[0032] Based on Example 4, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, multiple spiral air guide plates 20 are provided on the outer wall of the cold air layer 2. With the air inlet duct 10 tangent to the outer shell layer 1, the air entering the air inlet chamber 9 can spirally rise along the spiral air guide plates 20 under the guidance of the spiral air guide plates 20 and enter the air heating chamber 7. This can increase the time that the air stays in the air inlet chamber 9, thereby increasing the time that the flue gas in the flue 8 heats the air in the air inlet chamber 9 and improving the heat utilization rate.

[0033] Furthermore, the width of the spiral air guide plate 20 is smaller than the distance between the cold air layer 2 and the outer liner layer 1. The outer wall of the cold air layer 2 is also provided with an air intake spiral partition plate 22. The pitch of the air intake spiral partition plate 22 is greater than the pitch of the spiral air guide plate 20, and the width of the air intake spiral partition plate 22 is the same as the distance between the cold air layer 2 and the outer liner layer 1. By setting an air intake spiral partition plate 22 with the same width as the distance between the cold air layer 2 and the outer liner layer 1, the air entering the air intake chamber 9 can flow along the air intake spiral partition plate 22, and then be diverted by multiple spiral air guide plates 20, so that the airflow distribution is uniform and the heat utilization rate of the flue gas can be improved.

[0034] Example 6

[0035] Based on Example 5, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the outer wall of the inner liner 4 is provided with multiple spiral guide plates 21. The spiral guide plates 21 on the outer wall of the inner liner 4 guide the flow of heated air, thereby increasing the residence time of air in the air heating chamber 7 and improving the heat utilization rate.

[0036] Furthermore, the width of the spiral guide plate 21 is smaller than the distance between the inner liner layer 4 and the flue gas layer 3. The outer wall of the inner liner layer 4 is also provided with an exhaust spiral partition plate 23. The pitch of the exhaust spiral partition plate 23 is greater than the pitch of the spiral guide plate 21, and the width of the exhaust spiral partition plate 23 is the same as the distance between the inner liner layer 4 and the flue gas layer 3. By setting an exhaust spiral partition plate 23 with the same width as the distance between the inner liner layer 4 and the flue gas layer 3, the air entering the air heating chamber 7 can flow along the exhaust spiral partition plate 23, and then be divided by multiple spiral guide plates 21, so that the airflow is evenly distributed and the heat utilization rate of the inner liner layer 4 can be improved.

Claims

1. A vertical hot air furnace, characterized in that, The furnace includes an inner liner (4), a flue gas layer (3), a cold air layer (2), and an outer liner (1). The inner liner (4), flue gas layer (3), cold air layer (2), and outer liner (1) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The bottom of the inner liner (4), flue gas layer (3), cold air layer (2), and outer liner (1) is fixed to the furnace bottom plate (5). The interior of the inner liner (4) is a combustion chamber (6), the space between the inner liner (4) and the flue gas layer (3) is an air heating chamber (7), and the space between the flue gas layer (3) and the cold air layer... (2) is a flue (8), and the air inlet (9) is between the cold air layer (2) and the outer liner layer (1). The outer liner layer (1) is provided with an air inlet duct (10), and the air inlet direction of the air inlet duct (10) is tangent to the outer liner layer (1). The top of the outer liner layer (1) is provided with a top cover (11). The top of the cold air layer (2) is provided with a top plate (12), and the middle of the top plate (12) is provided with an air passage hole (24). The top of the inner liner layer (4) and the flue gas layer (3) is provided with an inner liner top plate (13). The outer diameter of the inner liner top plate (13) is the same as the inner diameter of the cold air layer (2). Multiple air inlets (25) are arranged in a circular array around the outer ring of the inner liner top plate (13). An adjusting block (27) is detachably installed inside each air inlet (25). A ventilation gap is formed between the adjusting block (27) and the outer ring of the air inlet (25). The air heating chamber (7) is connected to the air intake chamber (9) through the air inlet (25) and the air passage (24). The top of the flue (8) is connected to the combustion chamber (9) through multiple flue gas channels (14). 6) The connection also includes an exhaust channel (15), which passes through the outer shell layer (1), the cold air layer (2) and the flue gas layer (3) to connect to the lower end of the air heating chamber (7). It also includes multiple smoke exhaust pipes (16), which pass through the outer shell layer (1) and the cold air layer (2) to connect to the lower end of the flue (8). It also includes a furnace door nozzle channel (17), which passes through the outer shell layer (1), the cold air layer (2), the flue gas layer (3) and the inner shell layer (4) to connect to the combustion chamber (6).

2. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the inner liner top plate (13) is provided with an installation groove (28) at each of the air inlets (25). The installation groove (28) is connected to the air inlet (25). The adjusting block (27) is fixed with an installation plate (29) at one end near the installation groove (28). The installation plate (29) is connected to the inner liner top plate (13) by screws.

3. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, A graphene sealing ring is provided between the outer liner (1) and the top cover (11). The outer ring of the graphene sealing ring is fixed to the inner wall of the outer liner (1). The inner diameter of the graphene sealing ring gradually decreases from top to bottom. The top cover (11) is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the graphene sealing ring.

4. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the outer liner (1) is fixed with a first flange, and the outer wall of the top cover (11) is fixed with a second flange, the second flange being connected to the first flange by bolts.

5. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fire-resistant wall (18) is provided at the lower end of the inner liner (4).

6. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner liner (4) is provided with a smoke outlet at the upper end. The smoke outlet is connected to the combustion chamber (6) through the flue gas passage (14). The inner wall of the inner liner (4) below the smoke outlet is provided with a soot cover plate (19). The soot cover plate (19) is provided with an arc notch (26).

7. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple spiral air guide plates (20) are provided on the outer wall of the cold air layer (2).

8. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the inner liner (4) is provided with multiple spiral guide plates (21).

9. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that, The width of the spiral air guide plate (20) is smaller than the distance between the cold air layer (2) and the outer shell layer (1). The outer wall of the cold air layer (2) is also provided with an air intake spiral partition plate (22). The pitch of the air intake spiral partition plate (22) is greater than the pitch of the spiral air guide plate (20), and the width of the air intake spiral partition plate (22) is the same as the distance between the cold air layer (2) and the outer shell layer (1).

10. A vertical hot air furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, The width of the spiral guide plate (21) is smaller than the distance between the inner liner layer (4) and the flue gas layer (3). The outer wall of the inner liner layer (4) is also provided with an exhaust spiral partition plate (23). The pitch of the exhaust spiral partition plate (23) is greater than the pitch of the spiral guide plate (21), and the width of the exhaust spiral partition plate (23) is the same as the distance between the inner liner layer (4) and the flue gas layer (3).

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