Weak magnetic field measurement experiment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a weak magnetic field measurement experiment device, which comprises a linear Hall sensor, a microcontroller, a power supply module, a bracket and a fixing piece, a high-precision ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) module, a passive element, a breadboard and a Dupont line, and is characterized in that the linear Hall sensor is arranged on the breadboard through the bracket and the fixing piece; an output interface of the linear Hall sensor is connected with an input interface of the high-precision ADC module through a Dupont line, the microcontroller is connected with an output interface of the high-precision ADC module through a Dupont line, and the power supply module is respectively connected with the linear Hall sensor, the microcontroller, the high-precision ADC module and the passive element through Dupont lines. The experimental device is placed in a weak magnetic field area needing to be measured, the microcontroller is used for reading data of the high-precision ADC module, corresponding calculation and processing are carried out, the magnetic field intensity value can be measured, and the magnetic field intensity value can be transmitted to a computer or other display equipment through a communication interface of the microcontroller to be displayed and recorded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of magnetic field measurement experimental technology, and in particular to a weak magnetic field measurement experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] Weak magnetic field measurements primarily rely on highly sensitive magnetic field sensors. A linear Hall sensor (Q-type) is a sensor based on the Hall effect, whose output signal is linearly related to the magnetic field strength. Unlike switch-type Hall sensors, linear Hall sensors provide a continuous output signal proportional to the magnetic field strength, rather than simply a change in the switching state. This characteristic makes linear Hall sensors widely used for measuring parameters such as magnetic field strength, displacement, angle, and velocity.

[0003] However, current weak magnetic field measurement devices are complex in structure and expensive. How to simplify these devices while still effectively measuring weak magnetic fields is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to provide a weak magnetic field measurement experimental device for measuring weak magnetic fields.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A weak magnetic field measurement experimental device is characterized by comprising a linear Hall sensor, a microcontroller, a power supply module, a high-precision ADC module, passive components, a breadboard, DuPont wires, and a bracket and fixing components. The linear Hall sensor is mounted on the breadboard via the bracket and fixing components, and its output interface is connected to the input interface of the high-precision ADC module via DuPont wires. The microcontroller is connected to the output interface of the high-precision ADC module via DuPont wires. The power supply module is used to power the entire device.

[0007] Furthermore, the passive components include a resistor and a capacitor. The resistor is connected to the power supply pin of the linear Hall sensor via a DuPont wire, and one end of the capacitor is connected to the signal input or output pin, while the other end is connected to the output pin of the high-precision ADC module.

[0008] Furthermore, the signal output pin of the linear Hall sensor is connected to the analog signal input pin of the high-precision ADC module via DuPont wires, and the ground pin of the linear Hall sensor is connected to the power ground of the power module.

[0009] Furthermore, the digital signal output pin of the high-precision ADC module is connected to the data input pin of the microcontroller.

[0010] Furthermore, the microcontroller is connected to external devices via a programming interface, and the power pins of the microcontroller are connected to the corresponding outputs of the power module.

[0011] Furthermore, the linear Hall sensor is a Zweile WHD-ET15D5 Hall DC leakage current sensor for leakage detection.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] First, modular design: Each component in this new design (linear Hall sensor, microcontroller, power module, high-precision ADC module, passive components, breadboard, DuPont wires, brackets, and fasteners) has a clearly defined function, operating independently yet interconnected, facilitating installation, debugging, maintenance, and upgrades. When a module malfunctions, it can be specifically tested and replaced without affecting the normal operation of other modules. Furthermore, if future functional expansions or improvements to the device are needed, the corresponding modules can be easily adjusted.

[0014] Secondly, the connection method is flexible and convenient: This new type of circuit can be quickly built, connected and tested in the experimental stage by using a breadboard. It can flexibly arrange the position of each component, making it easy to try different circuit layouts and connection methods, which helps to quickly verify the design ideas and find problems. At the same time, the use of DuPont wires to connect each component is convenient for plugging and unplugging and the connection is flexible, which facilitates circuit building and debugging. During the experiment, the connection relationship can be easily changed, such as replacing different sensors or adjusting the connection order between modules, to adapt to different measurement needs and experimental scenarios.

[0015] Third, the interface design is reasonable: the interfaces of each module in this new device are clear and unambiguous. For example, the power interface and signal output interface of the linear Hall sensor, the power interface, data input interface, and communication interface of the microcontroller, the input and output interfaces of the power module, and the analog input interface, power interface, and digital output interface of the high-precision ADC module, etc., make the connection between the modules standardized and regulated, reduce the probability of connection errors, and improve the reliability and operability of the device. Even non-professionals can accurately assemble and connect the device by understanding the functions of each interface.

[0016] Fourth, the layout is reasonable: This new linear Hall sensor is mounted on a breadboard using a bracket and fixing components. This installation method ensures the stability of the sensor during the measurement process, reduces the impact of shaking or displacement on the measurement results, and ensures the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. At the same time, the bracket and fixing components can be adjusted to adjust the position and orientation of the sensor according to actual needs, facilitating the measurement of weak magnetic fields at different positions and directions.

[0017] Fifth, the overall structure is compact: the components of this new device are rationally arranged on a breadboard, making full use of space while ensuring smooth and stable signal transmission. For example, the linear Hall sensor and the high-precision ADC module are connected via DuPont wires, and the connection path is relatively short, which reduces interference and attenuation during signal transmission. The connection between the microcontroller and the high-precision ADC module, as well as external devices (such as computers), is also convenient, facilitating data transmission, processing, and display. This compact layout helps improve the overall performance of the device and reduces problems that may be caused by excessively long lines or a chaotic layout.

[0018] Sixth, strong scalability: This new device adopts a modular structure, giving it strong scalability. If it is necessary to add other types of sensors or functional modules, such as temperature sensors or acceleration sensors, to simultaneously measure the relationship between multiple physical quantities and magnetic field strength, simply reserve the corresponding interfaces or space on the breadboard, connect the new module to the existing module via DuPont wires, and write the corresponding program in the microcontroller for data fusion and processing. This scalability facilitates further upgrades and application expansion of the device, enabling it to adapt to more complex measurement needs and experimental scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram for measuring weak magnetic fields according to this utility model.

[0020] Among them: 1-Linear Hall sensor, 2-Microcontroller, 3-Power supply module, 8-Bracket and fasteners, 4-High-precision ADC module, 5-Passive components, 6-Breadboard, 7-DuPont wire. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the embodiments further describe the technical solution of this utility model.

[0022] This novel method utilizes a linear Hall sensor to measure weak and stable magnetic fields. The measurement principle is as follows: when the Hall sensor is placed in a magnetic field, the charge carriers are deflected due to the Lorentz force, resulting in a potential difference, or Hall voltage, at the output of the Hall element. By measuring this Hall voltage, the strength of the magnetic field can be indirectly obtained.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 This invention proposes a weak magnetic field measurement experimental device, comprising a linear Hall sensor 1, a microcontroller 2, a power supply module 3, a high-precision ADC module 4, passive components 5, a breadboard 6, DuPont wires 7, and a bracket and fixing components 8, wherein:

[0024] The linear Hall sensor 1 can sense changes in magnetic field strength and convert the magnetic field strength information into an electrical signal output for magnetic field measurement and current detection.

[0025] Microcontroller 2 is a small embedded chip that can independently perform data processing and control tasks. It is used to read the digital signal converted by the high-precision ADC module, and to perform magnetic field strength calculation, data storage, and communication with external devices (computers).

[0026] Power module 3 is used to provide stable power to the entire device. It can convert the external input power (such as mains power, battery, etc.) into the operating voltage required by components such as linear Hall sensor, ADC module, and microcontroller, to ensure that each component works normally and avoid measurement errors or component damage caused by voltage instability.

[0027] The high-precision ADC module 4, or analog-to-digital converter, is used to convert the analog electrical signal output by the linear Hall sensor into a digital signal that the microcontroller can recognize and process. Its high-precision characteristics ensure the accuracy and resolution of magnetic field strength measurement, so that even weak magnetic field changes can be accurately quantified.

[0028] The passive component 5 includes a resistor and a capacitor. The resistor is used in the circuit to divide the voltage, for example, it can be connected in series with the power supply pin of the Hall sensor to adjust the operating voltage of the sensor; or it can be used to limit current and protect other components from overload current.

[0029] Breadboard 6 is used for rapid circuit assembly, connection, and testing during the experimental stage; PCB circuit boards are used in the final product manufacturing process to more stably and reliably fix components and achieve precise electrical connections.

[0030] DuPont wire 7 is used to connect various components to achieve electrical signal transmission. Its easy plugging and unplugging and flexible connection characteristics facilitate circuit construction and debugging.

[0031] Linear Hall sensor 1 is mounted on breadboard 6 via bracket and fixing piece 8. The power supply pin of linear Hall sensor 1 is connected to the corresponding output terminal of resistor and power module 3 via DuPont wires. The signal output pin is connected to the analog signal input pin of high-precision ADC module 4 via DuPont wires. The ground pin of linear Hall sensor 1 is connected to the power ground of power module 3. The digital signal output pin of high-precision ADC module 4 is connected to the data input pin of microcontroller 2, providing a data transmission interface with microcontroller 2. The power supply pin of high-precision ADC module 4 is connected to +Vcc and power ground of power module 3. Microcontroller 2 is connected to a computer via a programming interface (such as a USB interface), and its power supply pin is connected to the corresponding output (+Vcc and power ground) of the power module. Resistor 5 is connected between the output interface of power module 3 and the power supply pin of linear Hall sensor 1 for voltage division or current limiting.

[0032] The interfaces of each module are described below:

[0033] (1) Linear Hall sensor

[0034] It includes the following interfaces:

[0035] Power interfaces: These are typically marked "Vcc" (positive power) and "GND" (ground). The Vcc interface is used to connect to the positive output terminal of the power module, providing the operating voltage to the sensor. The operating voltage range generally varies depending on the sensor model; for example, 3.3V or 5V are common. The GND interface is connected to the ground of the power module, ensuring that the sensor and the entire circuit have a common reference potential.

[0036] Signal output interface: Generally marked as "OUT" or "Vo". This interface outputs an analog electrical signal that is linearly related to the magnetic field strength. The voltage range of the output signal varies depending on the sensor model. The output signal through this interface is then input to the analog signal input interface of a high-precision ADC module.

[0037] (2) Microcontroller

[0038] It includes the following interfaces:

[0039] Power interface: Similar to linear Hall effect sensors, it has "Vcc" and "GND".

[0040] Data Input Interface (for ADC Module Connection): In the connection between microcontroller 2 and high-precision ADC module 5, the microcontroller has dedicated pins for receiving digital signals, labeled "ADC_IN". These pins are used to receive the digital signals converted by the ADC module for subsequent operations such as magnetic field strength calculation.

[0041] Communication interface: namely the microcontroller's USB interface, used to communicate with external devices (such as computers) and transmit data.

[0042] (3) Power module interface

[0043] Input interface: Battery interface, marked as "BAT +" (positive battery terminal) and "BAT -" (negative battery terminal).

[0044] Output interfaces include those providing power to the linear Hall sensor 1, microcontroller 2, high-precision ADC module 5, and passive components 6. The positive voltage output interface is marked "+Vcc" and outputs a stable 5V DC voltage; there is also a corresponding "GND" output interface for grounding.

[0045] (4) High-precision ADC module

[0046] Analog Input Interface: Marked as "AIN" (Analog Input), this interface is used to connect the signal output pin of the linear Hall sensor to receive analog electrical signals for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0047] Power interface: Like other devices, it has "Vcc" and "GND" to provide power to the ADC module itself.

[0048] Digital output interface: labeled "DOUT" (Digital Output), used to output the converted digital signal to the data input pin of the microcontroller.

[0049] (5) Resistance and capacitance

[0050] Capacitor: One end is connected to the signal input or output pin, and the other end is connected to another signal node or "GND".

[0051] Resistor: The two ends of the interface are not specially marked. When connecting the circuit, one end is connected to a node in the power path or signal path, and the other end is connected to another node. It is used for functions such as voltage division and current limiting.

[0052] Specifically, the linear Hall sensor 1 in this new type is a Zweile WHD-ET15D5 Hall DC leakage current sensor, the microcontroller 2 is a Pico development board with a Raspberry Pi RP2040 chip, the power module 3 is a Tangqi corrected wave 50Hz inverter module with a 12V to 220V AC transformer DC-AC boost power converter, the breadboard 6 is an MB-102 breadboard, and the DuPont wire 7 is a 40P copper core DuPont wire colored ribbon cable.

[0053] Example

[0054] When using this experimental setup, first design the component layout on a breadboard. Then, insert the linear Hall sensor 1 into a suitable position and connect its power pin to the corresponding output terminal of the power module 3 using DuPont wire 7 to provide it with a suitable operating voltage. Next, connect the output pin of the linear Hall sensor 1 to the input pin of the high-precision ADC module 4 through DuPont wire 7, and connect the high-precision ADC module 4 to the microcontroller 2. Connect the high-precision ADC module 4 according to the corresponding data and control pins. Solder or insert passive components 5 such as resistors and capacitors in suitable positions. Connect the microcontroller 2 to the computer via USB interface, burn the measurement and data processing program into the microcontroller, check the circuit connections, and after confirming that they are correct, turn on the power module 3 to calibrate the device. Read the initial value and record it in a magnetic field-free environment. Finally, place the device in the weak magnetic field area to be measured, read the data from the high-precision ADC module 4 through the microcontroller, perform the corresponding calculations and processing, obtain the magnetic field strength value, and transmit the obtained magnetic field strength value to the computer or other display device for display and recording through the communication interface of the microcontroller.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A weak magnetic field measurement experimental device, characterized in that, The device includes a linear Hall sensor (1), a microcontroller (2), a power supply module (3), a high-precision ADC module (4), passive components (5), a breadboard (6), DuPont wires (7), and a bracket and fixture (8). The linear Hall sensor (1) is mounted on the breadboard (6) via the bracket and fixture (8). Its output interface is connected to the input interface of the high-precision ADC module (4) via the DuPont wires (7). The microcontroller (2) is connected to the output interface of the high-precision ADC module (4) via the DuPont wires (7). The power supply module (3) is used to power the entire device.

2. The weak magnetic field measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive component (5) includes a resistor and a capacitor. The resistor is connected to the power supply pin of the linear Hall sensor (1) via a DuPont wire (7). One end of the capacitor is connected to the signal input or output pin, and the other end is connected to the output pin of the high-precision ADC module (4).

3. The weak magnetic field measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal output pin of the linear Hall sensor (1) is connected to the analog signal input pin of the high-precision ADC module (4) via DuPont wire (7), and the ground pin of the linear Hall sensor (1) is connected to the power ground of the power module (3).

4. The weak magnetic field measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital signal output pin of the high-precision ADC module (4) is connected to the data input pin of the microcontroller (2).

5. The weak magnetic field measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcontroller (2) is connected to external devices through a programming interface, and the power supply pins of the microcontroller (2) are connected to the corresponding outputs of the power supply module (3).

6. The weak magnetic field measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear Hall sensor (1) is a Zweile WHD-ET15D5 Hall DC leakage current sensor for leakage detection.

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