Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna structure and electronic equipment. The antenna structure comprises a metal sheet, a feed part and a grounding part. The metal sheet comprises a first edge and a second edge which are oppositely arranged, the metal sheet is provided with a gap, and the gap penetrates through the second edge. And a first radiator and a second radiator are respectively formed on two sides of the gap. The first edge is bent and extends to form a third radiator, and the second edge is bent and extends at two sides of the gap to form a fourth radiator and a fifth radiator. The feed part is connected with the first edge. The grounding part is connected with the first edge. According to the antenna structure and the electronic equipment provided by the invention, the antenna can have good communication performance in different frequency bands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology, the radiation performance of various antennas is constantly improving, and the communication capabilities of electronic devices equipped with high-performance antennas are also continuously improving. Antennas can radiate signals outward and receive external signals within a certain operating frequency band, thereby realizing the communication process. The operating frequency band of an antenna affects the communication performance of electronic devices.

[0003] In some situations, antennas need to provide full-band coverage for cellular communication to ensure their communication capabilities across different frequency bands. Therefore, designing antenna structures that provide good communication performance across various frequency bands is a crucial issue. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an antenna structure and electronic device that enables the antenna to have good communication performance in different frequency bands.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes a metal sheet, a feed section, and a grounding section. The metal sheet includes a first edge and a second edge disposed opposite to each other, and a slot is formed in the metal sheet, penetrating the second edge. A first radiator and a second radiator are formed on opposite sides of the slot, respectively. The first edge is bent and extended to form a third radiator, and the second edge is bent and extended on opposite sides of the slot to form a fourth radiator and a fifth radiator, respectively. The feed section is connected to the first edge. The grounding section is connected to the first edge.

[0006] The embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, which includes a circuit board and the antenna structure described above, wherein the feed part and the ground part of the antenna structure are plugged into the circuit board.

[0007] The antenna structure and electronic device provided in this application utilize a metal sheet to form the main body of the antenna structure, ensuring miniaturization. Slots are created in the metal sheet to form different radiators. Simultaneously, other radiators are formed by bending and extending along the edges of the metal sheet. These different radiators allow the antenna structure to operate at different frequency bands, achieving multi-band coverage. Furthermore, the coupling between these different radiators enhances the bandwidth of the antenna structure. Therefore, by forming different radiators at different locations on the metal sheet, the antenna exhibits good communication performance across different frequency bands.

[0008] In some embodiments, the slot extends by bending on a metal sheet, with a first radiator disposed near a first edge and a second radiator disposed near a second edge. In this way, by extending the slot by bending, the extension length of the slot can be increased, thereby adjusting the resonant characteristics of the antenna.

[0009] In some implementations, the area of ​​the first radiator is smaller than the area of ​​the second radiator. This allows different radiators to operate at different frequency bands by controlling the area of ​​each radiator.

[0010] In some embodiments, the metal sheet further includes a third edge and a fourth edge disposed opposite to each other. The third edge is connected to one end of the first edge and the second edge, and the fourth edge is connected to the other end of the first edge and the second edge. The distance between the first edge and the second edge is smaller than the distance between the third edge and the fourth edge. This allows for the formation of a rectangular metal sheet, which helps to ensure the miniaturization of the antenna and reduce its space occupation.

[0011] In some embodiments, both the third and fourth radiators are positioned adjacent to the third edge. This reduces space requirements and facilitates miniaturization by placing the radiators on both sides of the metal sheet near the same edge.

[0012] In some embodiments, the slit penetrates the second edge near the third edge, and the area of ​​the fourth radiator is smaller than the area of ​​the fifth radiator. This allows for control over the size of the radiators on either side of the slit by positioning the slit close to one side of the metal sheet's edge.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fourth and fifth radiators are on the same plane and offset from the second edge in the thickness direction of the metal sheet. This offsetting of the two radiators from the edge of the metal sheet creates a clearance area, preventing interference with other components.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first edge is bent and extended to form a protrusion, and the power supply portion is connected to the side of the protrusion away from the metal sheet. In this way, by providing the bent and extended protrusion, it is convenient to set the power supply pins.

[0015] In some embodiments, the grounding portion includes a first part and a second part connected together. The first part extends from the edge of the protrusion in a direction parallel to the first edge, and the second part extends from the end of the first part in a direction away from the first edge. In this way, by forming different parts in the grounding portion, the distance between the grounding pin and the feed pin can be easily controlled, thereby adjusting the characteristics of the antenna itself. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a side view schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the VSWR test results of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the efficiency test structure of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application when it is mounted on a circuit board;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure provided in some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the various embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of this application to enable readers to better understand this application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented. The division of the various embodiments below is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this application. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] An antenna is a transducer that transforms guided waves propagating on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium (usually free space), or vice versa. Most antennas are reversible, meaning the same antenna can be used as both a transmitting and receiving antenna. With the rapid development of the mobile communication industry, antennas, as a crucial component of communication systems, directly impact the quality of the entire system, thus placing higher demands on antenna radiation performance. Furthermore, antennas are often integrated within products, so their size is limited by product size and installation space, significantly affecting their performance. In some situations, limitations in antenna performance prevent the guarantee of fast and accurate communication. For example, traditional metering devices only cover low-frequency bands, failing to meet the needs of real-time meter lookups, which requires antennas to provide full-band coverage for cellular communication.

[0029] To improve the communication capability of antennas, some embodiments of this application provide an antenna structure. The main body of the antenna structure is made of a metal sheet, such as a steel sheet. Radiators of different sizes are arranged at different positions on the antenna structure, forming either the main body region or the extended region of the metal sheet. Different radiators can radiate at different frequency bands. Furthermore, the strong coupling between the radiators can effectively reduce the antenna size and increase the antenna bandwidth, enabling it to cover the entire cellular frequency band. Simultaneously, the antenna's VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) can be below 4, with an efficiency of 30% to 55%, filling the gap in the market for full-band cellular antennas. In practice, the antenna can be fixed to the device motherboard by reflow soldering. Reflow soldering reduces installation costs and provides good stability.

[0030] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 This application describes the antenna structures provided in some embodiments.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide an antenna structure including a metal sheet 11, a feed section 12, and a grounding section 13. The metal sheet 11 includes a first edge 102 and a second edge 103 disposed opposite to each other. A slot 101 is provided in the metal sheet 11, extending through the second edge 103. A first radiator 111 and a second radiator 112 are formed on both sides of the slot 101, respectively. The first edge 102 is bent and extended to form a third radiator 113, and the second edge 103 is bent and extended on both sides of the slot 101 to form a fourth radiator 114 and a fifth radiator 115, respectively. The feed section 12 is connected to the first edge 102. The grounding section 13 is connected to the first edge 102.

[0032] The metal sheet 11 is the main body of the antenna structure. The metal sheet can be stamped, and antenna structures based on metal sheets offer advantages such as miniaturization, low cost, and easy integration. The metal sheet 11 can be shaped into different forms, such as regular shapes like rectangles and squares, or irregular shapes. The first edge 102 and the second edge 103 are the two edges of the metal sheet 11. Different radiation regions, i.e., different current flow regions, are formed on the metal sheet 11 by opening slots 101. One end of the slot 101 extends through the second edge 103, thereby dividing the main body of the metal sheet 11 into different signal transmission or signal reception regions. The feed section 12 and the ground section 13 are connected to the first edge 102 of the metal sheet 11, serving as both signal transmission and grounding functions.

[0033] Based on the formation of different radiators in different regions of the metal sheet 11, other radiators are formed by extending the metal sheet 11 outwards. These other radiators are formed by bending and extending along the edges of the metal sheet 11, which helps ensure the miniaturization of the antenna structure. Simultaneously, different radiators can radiate signals or receive external signals from different directions. Furthermore, different radiators can have different area sizes and can radiate or receive external signals at different operating frequency bands. Coupled between radiators that are close to each other, the bandwidth of the antenna structure can be increased, thereby improving the antenna's performance.

[0034] The antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application uses a metal sheet 11 to form the main body of the antenna structure, which ensures the miniaturization of the antenna structure. Slots 101 are formed in the metal sheet 11 to create different radiators. Simultaneously, other radiators are formed by bending and extending the edges of the metal sheet 11. Different radiators allow the antenna structure to operate in different frequency bands, achieving multi-band coverage. Furthermore, the coupling effect between different radiators can improve the bandwidth of the antenna structure. Therefore, by forming different radiators at different locations on the metal sheet 11, the antenna exhibits good communication performance in different frequency bands.

[0035] In some embodiments, the slit 101 may be bent and extended on the metal sheet 11, with the first radiator 111 disposed adjacent to the first edge 102 and the second radiator 112 disposed adjacent to the second edge 103.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the slit 101 can have multiple bent sections. In the area traversed by the slit 101, the metal sheet 11 can be interrupted, thereby forming different current flow regions. By extending the slit 101 in a bent manner, it is beneficial to control the area of ​​different radiators on the metal sheet 11, so as to control the operating frequency band of different radiators. The slit 101 can be configured as follows: Figure 1 The multiple bends shown form a PIFA (Planar Inverted F-shaped Antenna) antenna structure. In practice, the position, area, or shape of the radiator formed on the metal sheet 11 can be controlled by adjusting the shape, length, or width of the slot 101.

[0037] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the first radiator 111 may be smaller than the area of ​​the second radiator 112.

[0038] The slot 101 forms a semi-enclosed shape around the first radiator 111, which is branched near the first edge 102. This results in a smaller area for the first radiator 111 near the first edge 102. A second radiator 112 is formed near the second edge 103. The segmentation of the slot 101 between the first and second radiators 111 near the first edge 102 controls the length and width of the first radiator 111. The first radiator 111 can radiate or receive signals at higher frequencies, while the second radiator 112 can radiate or receive signals at lower frequencies. Simultaneously, the coupling resonance between the first and second radiators 111 and 112 can improve the antenna bandwidth.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, the metal sheet 11 may further include a third edge 104 and a fourth edge 105 disposed opposite to each other. The third edge 104 is connected to one end of the first edge 102 and the second edge 103, and the fourth edge 105 is connected to the other end of the first edge 102 and the second edge 103. The distance between the first edge 102 and the second edge 103 is less than the distance between the third edge 104 and the fourth edge 105.

[0040] The third edge 104 and the fourth edge 105 are disposed on the other two sides of the metal sheet 11, together with the first edge 102 and the second edge 103, to form the main body of the metal sheet 11. The first edge 102 and the second edge 103 are located on the two sides of the longer length of the metal sheet 11, while the third edge 104 and the fourth edge 105 are located on the two sides of the shorter length of the metal sheet 11. By setting the metal sheet 11 in a rectangular shape, it is beneficial to ensure the extension length of the slot 101 in order to control the resonance offset of the antenna structure. Most of the slot 101 extends along the long side of the metal sheet 11 to separate the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 in the width direction of the metal sheet 11, so that the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 form a strong coupling effect to improve the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the third radiator 113 and the fourth radiator 114 can both be positioned adjacent to the third edge 104.

[0042] Partial edges of the third radiator 113 and the fourth radiator 114 are on the same plane as the third edge 104. The third radiator 113 and the fourth radiator 114 are located on both sides of the metal sheet 11, and play a radiating role or receive external signals at relatively close positions on both sides of the metal sheet 11.

[0043] In some embodiments, the slit 101 may extend through the second edge 103 at a location adjacent to the third edge 104, and the area of ​​the fourth radiator 114 may be smaller than the area of ​​the fifth radiator 115.

[0044] In other words, the slit 101 is designed to extend through the edge of the metal sheet 11, which facilitates the formation of radiators of different sizes on both sides of the slit 101. The fourth radiator 114 is located near the side where the third edge 104 is located, and the fifth radiator 115 is located near the side where the fourth edge 105 is located. The area of ​​the fourth radiator 114 is smaller than the area of ​​the fifth radiator 115, allowing the fourth radiator 114 to operate at a higher frequency band and the fifth radiator 115 to operate at a lower frequency band.

[0045] In addition, the fourth radiator 114 and the fifth radiator 115 can be on the same plane and offset from the second edge 103 in the thickness direction of the metal sheet 11.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the metal sheet 11 has multiple bends in the bent extension portion on the side where the second edge 103 is located. Figure 3 As shown, multiple bending can create a clearance area 106 on one side of the metal sheet 11, thereby avoiding interference with other components. The fourth radiator 114 and the fifth radiator 115 are formed on a plane that is offset from the second edge 103 and are located at the extension end of the extension portion.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first edge 102 is bent and extended to form a protrusion 116, and the power supply portion 12 is connected to the side of the protrusion 116 away from the metal sheet 11.

[0048] The bent and extended protrusion 116 facilitates the placement of the power supply pins and also creates a certain bending angle for the placement of the power supply section 12. The power supply section 12 can be connected to the side of the protrusion 116 away from the metal plate 11 for connection to the circuit board.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the grounding portion 13 may include a first portion 131 and a second portion 132 connected together. The first portion 131 extends from the edge of the protrusion 116 in a direction parallel to the first edge 102, and the second portion 132 extends from the end of the first portion 131 in a direction away from the first edge 102.

[0050] The first portion 131 of the grounding part 13 can lead out a grounding pin, and the second portion 132 extends away from the first edge 102 for connection to the circuit board. By changing the length of the first portion 131, the distance between the antenna's feed pin and grounding pin can be changed to adjust the antenna's capacitive and inductive properties. In practice, the antenna's bandwidth can be adjusted by changing parameters such as the spacing, length, and bending angle of the feed pin and grounding pin, thereby achieving bandwidth control.

[0051] exist Figures 1 to 4In the antenna structure shown, the first radiator 111 can generate a resonance of 1.9 GHz to 2.1 GHz. The second radiator 112 can generate a resonance of 1.7 GHz to 1.9 GHz. The third radiator 113 can generate a resonance of 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz. The fourth radiator 114 can generate a resonance of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz. The fifth radiator 115 can generate a resonance of 0.7 GHz to 0.96 GHz. The coupling of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 generates a resonance of 1.9 GHz to 2.4 GHz. Through the self-resonance of the radiators at different positions on the metal sheet 11 and the mutually coupled radiation structure, linearly polarized omnidirectional radiation waves of 0.7 GHz to 0.96 GHz and 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz can be covered. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna structures provided in some embodiments of this application can maintain an antenna standing wave ratio (VSWR) of less than 4 in a specific operating frequency band. Meanwhile, as... Figure 6 As shown, the antenna efficiency can reach 30% to 55% in a specific operating frequency band. Among these, Figure 5 The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents standing wave ratio (VSWR). Figure 6 The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents efficiency.

[0052] Some embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device includes a circuit board 21 and the antenna structure described above. The feed section 12 and the ground section 13 of the antenna structure are connected to the circuit board 21.

[0053] The antenna structure is connected to the circuit board 21 and integrated into the communication circuit. The circuit board 21 has a first solder joint 211 and a second solder joint 212. The feed section 12 of the antenna structure can be fixed in the first solder joint 211 by reflow soldering, and the grounding section 13 of the antenna structure can be fixed in the second solder joint 212 by reflow soldering. The electronic device can be a metering device or other device with communication capabilities. By adopting the above-described antenna structure, the requirements for real-time communication can be met, achieving full-band coverage of cellular communication.

[0054] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific implementations of this application, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: A metal sheet includes a first edge and a second edge disposed opposite to each other. The metal sheet is provided with a gap, the gap extending through the second edge. A first radiator and a second radiator are respectively formed on both sides of the gap. The first edge is bent and extended to form a third radiator. The second edge is bent and extended on both sides of the gap to form a fourth radiator and a fifth radiator. The power supply section is connected to the first edge; The grounding part is connected to the first edge.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slit extends and bends on the metal sheet, with the first radiator disposed adjacent to the first edge and the second radiator disposed adjacent to the second edge.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area of ​​the first radiator is smaller than the area of ​​the second radiator.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal sheet also includes a third edge and a fourth edge disposed opposite to each other. The third edge is connected to one end of the first edge and the second edge, and the fourth edge is connected to the other end of the first edge and the second edge. The distance between the first edge and the second edge is less than the distance between the third edge and the fourth edge.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the third radiator and the fourth radiator are located adjacent to the third edge.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gap penetrates the second edge at a location adjacent to the third edge, and the area of ​​the fourth radiator is smaller than the area of ​​the fifth radiator.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth radiator and the fifth radiator are on the same plane and are offset from the second edge in the thickness direction of the metal sheet.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first edge is bent and extended to form a protrusion, and the power supply part is connected to the side of the protrusion away from the metal sheet.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The grounding portion includes a first portion and a second portion connected together, the first portion extending from the edge of the protrusion in a direction parallel to the first edge, and the second portion extending from the end of the first portion in a direction away from the first edge.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: Circuit board; The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the feed section and the ground section of the antenna structure are plugged into the circuit board.

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