Single-phase load interphase rapid switching switch device

Abstract

The utility model provides a switching device for rapid interphase switching of single-phase loads. Comprising a main control unit for realizing interphase switching of a single-phase load, and an analysis control unit for controlling and processing a signal by a single-chip microcomputer, the main control unit is arranged between a three-phase power supply and a neutral line and comprises a first control assembly, a second control assembly and a single-phase load control assembly which are sequentially connected in series; the second control assembly comprises a three-phase contactless switch, the input end of the three-phase contactless switch is electrically connected with the first control assembly, the output end of the three-phase contactless switch is electrically connected with the input end of a single-phase interphase switching module, and the output end of the single-phase interphase switching module is electrically connected with the input end of a single-phase load control assembly; by controlling the on-off of the three-phase contactless switch and the three single-phase contactless switches, the inter-phase quick switching of the single-phase load is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of automatic electrical equipment in power systems, and specifically relates to a switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous advancement of my country's modernization process and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for electricity has increased accordingly. However, a large number of single-phase loads exist in electrical equipment. Uneven distribution of single-phase equipment between phases can cause three-phase imbalance in the power grid, degraded power quality, and neutral line overload, resulting in adverse effects such as shortened equipment lifespan, reduced power grid reliability, and increased line losses. To solve the problem of three-phase load imbalance, it is necessary to distribute single-phase loads between phases, requiring upstream switches to be disconnected and rewiring, which is cumbersome. Therefore, there is a need for an electrical device that can change the situation where a large number of single-phase loads lead to three-phase current imbalance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a switching device for rapid phase switching of single-phase loads. This switching device enables phase switching of single-phase load power supply, thereby reducing the phase current difference of the transformer load, achieving three-phase current balance of the transformer, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load, comprising a main control unit for realizing phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load, and an analysis and control unit for processing signals controlled by a microcontroller;

[0005] The main control unit is located between the three-phase power supply and the neutral line, and includes a first control component, a second control component and a single-phase load control component connected in series.

[0006] The second control component includes a three-phase contactless switch whose input terminal is electrically connected to the first control component. The output terminal of the three-phase contactless switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of a single-phase phase-to-phase switching module. The single-phase phase-to-phase switching module includes a first single-phase contactless switch, a second single-phase contactless switch, and a third single-phase contactless switch. The output terminals of the first single-phase contactless switch, the second single-phase contactless switch, and the third single-phase contactless switch are respectively electrically connected to the input terminal of a single-phase load control component.

[0007] The main control unit also includes a voltage acquisition module electrically connected to the single-phase phase-to-phase switching module.

[0008] Preferably, the first control component includes a three-phase disconnect switch, a fuse module, and a current detection module. The three-phase disconnect switch and the fuse module are connected in series between the three-phase power supply and the second control component. The input terminal of the three-phase disconnect switch is electrically connected to the three-phase power supply, the output terminal of the three-phase disconnect switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of the fuse module, and the output terminal of the fuse module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second control component after passing through the current detection module.

[0009] Preferably, the insurance module includes a first fuse, a second fuse, and a third fuse, and the input terminals of the first fuse, the second fuse, and the third fuse are electrically connected to the output terminal of a three-phase disconnect switch, respectively.

[0010] The current detection module includes a first current transformer, a second current transformer, and a third current transformer, which are electrically connected to the analysis and control unit.

[0011] Preferably, the three-phase contactless switch includes a first bidirectional thyristor, a second bidirectional thyristor, and a third bidirectional thyristor; the anode of the first bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first fuse, the anode of the second bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second fuse, and the anode of the third bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third fuse.

[0012] The first single-phase contactless switch includes a fourth bidirectional thyristor, the second single-phase contactless switch includes a fifth bidirectional thyristor, and the third single-phase contactless switch includes a sixth bidirectional thyristor; the cathode of the first bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the anode of the fourth bidirectional thyristor, the cathode of the second bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the anode of the fifth bidirectional thyristor, and the cathode of the third bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the anode of the sixth bidirectional thyristor.

[0013] Preferably, the voltage acquisition module includes a voltage sensor, the input terminal of which is electrically connected to the cathodes of the fourth, fifth, and sixth bidirectional thyristors, respectively; the output terminal of the voltage sensor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the single-phase load control component.

[0014] Preferably, the main control unit further includes a manual switch, which is electrically connected to the analysis control unit.

[0015] Preferably, the analysis and control unit includes a microcontroller, a signal detection component, a communication component, and a signal output component, wherein the microcontroller is electrically connected to the signal detection component, the communication component, and the signal output component, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the signal output component is a display screen for displaying real-time status.

[0017] Preferably, the communication component is a 485 communication port that uses a serial communication interface to realize communication data connection.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] This invention utilizes a main control unit and an analysis control unit, employing a three-phase contactless switch and three single-phase contactless switches connected in series. Without requiring rewiring or power disconnection, the on / off states of the three-phase and three single-phase contactless switches are controlled separately, thereby controlling phase switching. This enables rapid phase switching of single-phase loads, effectively solving the problem of three-phase load imbalance, reducing line losses, and extending equipment lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 : Circuit diagram of the main control unit in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the analysis and control unit circuit in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the analysis and control unit in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the three-phase contactless switch in this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram, KS: three-phase contactless switch; KD1: first single-phase contactless switch; KD2: second single-phase contactless switch; KD3: third single-phase contactless switch.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0027] 1. First control component; 11. Three-phase disconnect switch; 121. First fuse; 122. Second fuse; 123. Third fuse; 131. First current transformer; 132. Second current transformer; 133. Third current transformer; 2. Second control component; 21. Three-phase contactless switch; 211. First bidirectional thyristor; 212. Second bidirectional thyristor; 213. Third bidirectional thyristor; 221. First single-phase contactless switch; 2211. Fourth bidirectional thyristor; 222. Second single-phase contactless switch; 2221. Fifth bidirectional thyristor; 223. Third single-phase contactless switch; 2231. Sixth bidirectional thyristor; 3. Voltage acquisition module; 31. Voltage sensor; 4. Single-phase load control component; 5. Manual changeover switch; 6. Microcontroller; 7. Signal detection component; 8. Communication component; 9. Signal output component. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] This utility model provides a switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main control unit and an analysis control unit. The main control unit is mainly used for phase-to-phase switching of single-phase loads. The analysis control unit uses a microcontroller to monitor voltage and current signals and the current switch status to complete the overall control. When an abnormal voltage or current condition is detected, the switching device promptly enters the protection state to prevent the fault from escalating and to ensure the normal operation of the switching device.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the main control unit includes a first control component 1, a second control component 2, and a single-phase load control component 4; the first control component 1, the second control component 2, and the single-phase load control component 4 are connected in series between the three-phase power supply and the neutral line N.

[0031] The first control component 1 includes a three-phase disconnect switch 11, a fuse module, and a current detection module. The input terminal of the three-phase disconnect switch 11 is electrically connected to a three-phase power supply, and the output terminal of the three-phase disconnect switch 11 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the fuse module. The output terminal of the fuse module is then electrically connected to the input terminal of the second control component via the current detection module. The fuse module includes a first fuse 121, a second fuse 122, and a third fuse 123. The current detection module includes a first current transformer 131, a second current transformer 132, and a third current transformer 133, which are positioned between the fuse module and the second control component 2.

[0032] The three input terminals of the three-phase disconnect switch 11 are electrically connected to the three output terminals of the three-phase power supply, and the three output terminals of the three-phase disconnect switch 11 are electrically connected to the input terminals of the first fuse 121, the second fuse 122, and the third fuse 133, respectively.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the second control component 2 includes a three-phase contactless switch 21 and a single-phase phase-to-phase switching module. The three-phase contactless switch 21 includes a first bidirectional thyristor 211, a second bidirectional thyristor 212, and a third bidirectional thyristor 213. The anode of the first bidirectional thyristor 211 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first fuse 121, the anode of the second bidirectional thyristor 212 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second fuse 122, and the anode of the third bidirectional thyristor 213 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third fuse 123.

[0034] A first current transformer 131 is provided between the first bidirectional thyristor 211 and the first fuse 121, a second current transformer 132 is provided between the second bidirectional thyristor 212 and the second fuse 122, and a third current transformer 133 is provided between the third bidirectional thyristor 213 and the third fuse 123. The first current transformer 131, the second current transformer 132 and the third current transformer 133 are electrically connected to the analysis and control unit.

[0035] The single-phase phase-to-phase switching module includes a first single-phase contactless switch 221, a second single-phase contactless switch 222, and a third single-phase contactless switch 223. The first single-phase contactless switch 221 includes a fourth bidirectional thyristor 2211, the second single-phase contactless switch 222 includes a fifth bidirectional thyristor 2221, and the third single-phase contactless switch 223 includes a sixth bidirectional thyristor 2231. The cathode of the first bidirectional thyristor 2211 is electrically connected to the anode of the fourth bidirectional thyristor 2211, the cathode of the second bidirectional thyristor 212 is electrically connected to the anode of the fifth bidirectional thyristor 2221, and the cathode of the third bidirectional thyristor 213 is electrically connected to the anode of the sixth bidirectional thyristor 2231.

[0036] The main control unit also includes a voltage acquisition module 3. The input terminal of the voltage acquisition module 3 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the single-phase phase-to-phase switching module, and the output terminal of the voltage acquisition module 3 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the single-phase load control component 4. Specifically, the voltage acquisition module 3 includes a voltage sensor 31. The input terminal of the voltage sensor 31 is electrically connected to the output terminals of the first single-phase contactless switch 221, the second single-phase contactless switch 222, and the third single-phase contactless switch 223, respectively. That is, the input terminal of the voltage sensor 31 is electrically connected to the cathodes of the fourth bidirectional thyristor 2211, the fifth bidirectional thyristor 2221, and the sixth bidirectional thyristor 2231, respectively. The output terminal of the voltage sensor 31 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the single-phase load control component 4, that is, the output terminal of the voltage sensor 31 is electrically connected to the neutral line N. Voltage sensor 31 is mainly used to detect the lower voltage of the single-phase phase-to-phase switching module, namely the first single-phase contactless switch 221, the second single-phase contactless switch 222 and the third single-phase contactless switch 223, to prevent phase-to-phase short circuits during phase-to-phase switching.

[0037] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the analysis and control unit includes a microcontroller controller 6, a signal detection component 7, a communication component 8, and a signal output component 9. The microcontroller controller 6 is electrically connected to the signal detection component 7, the communication component 8, and the signal output component 9. The signal detection component 7 detects the current and voltage outputs from the current detection module and the voltage acquisition module, and converts the detected analog current and voltage signals into digital signals for transmission to the microcontroller controller 6. In this embodiment, the signal detection component 7 can be an ADC0809 module; however, those skilled in the art can select one according to their needs. The signal output component 9 is a display screen for showing the real-time status. During normal operation, it displays the current operating status of the switching device, including voltage, current, and the current phase. The communication component 8 uses a 485 communication port to achieve communication data connection. The 485 communication port can upload the current operating status and operating parameters of the device to a remote controller via serial communication; simultaneously, it receives phase switching commands transmitted from the remote controller to perform phase switching of the switching device output.

[0038] The main control unit also includes a manual switch 5, which includes an A-phase manual switch, a B-phase manual switch, and a C-phase manual switch. The A-phase manual switch, the B-phase manual switch, and the C-phase manual switch are electrically connected to the analysis and control unit, and the microcontroller 6 controls the on / off state of the first single-phase contactless switch 221, the second single-phase contactless switch 222, and the third single-phase contactless switch 223.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the microcontroller controller 6 uses an STC89C52 microcontroller. Control terminal P10 is electrically connected to the control electrode G of the three-phase contactless switch 21; control terminal P11 is electrically connected to the control electrode G3 of the third single-phase contactless switch 223; control terminal P12 is electrically connected to the control electrode G2 of the second single-phase contactless switch 222; and control terminal P13 is electrically connected to the control electrode G1 of the first single-phase contactless switch 221. Control terminal P0 is electrically connected to the display screen. Control terminal P21 is electrically connected to the A-phase manual switch; control terminal P22 is electrically connected to the B-phase manual switch; control terminal P23 is electrically connected to the C-phase manual switch; and control terminals RXD and TXD are electrically connected to the input and output terminals of the communication interface 485, respectively.

[0040] The STC89C52 microcontroller, voltage sensor, current transformer, and ADC0809 module involved in this utility model are all commercially available conventional products, and their specific circuit connection methods are well known to those skilled in the art, so they will not be described in detail in this application.

[0041] Working principle of the switching device of this utility model:

[0042] When the switching device is operating normally, phase switching can be achieved through manual switching switch 5 or through remote communication commands. When manual switching switch 5 is switched to phase A manual switching switch, the microcontroller 6 in the analysis control unit detects the manual switching switch signal. First, it determines whether the target power supply phase and the current power supply phase are the same. If they are the same, no operation is performed. If the target power supply phase and the current power supply phase are not the same, the microcontroller 6 in the analysis control unit shuts down the three-phase contactless switch 21, the first single-phase contactless switch 221, the second single-phase contactless switch 222, and the third single-phase contactless switch 223, and the voltage sensor 31... The system detects whether there is voltage at the lower terminals of the first single-phase contactless switch 221, the second single-phase contactless switch 222, and the third single-phase contactless switch 223. If there is no voltage at the lower terminals, the microcontroller 6 applies a fixed DC voltage to terminals G and G1 respectively according to the manual switching switch signal requirements, which enables the three-phase contactless switch 21 and the first single-phase contactless switch 221 to conduct. At the same time, the fixed DC voltage at terminals G2 and G3 is removed, keeping the second single-phase contactless switch 222 and the third single-phase contactless switch 223 off.

[0043] Similarly, when the manual switch 5 is switched to the B-phase manual switch or the C-phase manual switch, the microcontroller 6 applies a fixed DC voltage to the two ends of G2 or G3 as required, so that the second single-phase contactless switch 222 or the third single-phase contactless switch 223 is turned on, while the other two single-phase contactless switches remain off, thereby realizing the phase-to-phase switching of the single-phase load.

Claims

1. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load, characterized in that: It includes a main control unit that enables phase-to-phase switching of single-phase loads, and an analysis and control unit that processes signals under the control of a microcontroller; The main control unit is located between the three-phase power supply and the neutral line, and includes a first control component, a second control component and a single-phase load control component connected in series. The second control component includes a three-phase contactless switch whose input terminal is electrically connected to the first control component. The output terminal of the three-phase contactless switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of a single-phase phase-to-phase switching module. The single-phase phase-to-phase switching module includes a first single-phase contactless switch, a second single-phase contactless switch, and a third single-phase contactless switch. The output terminals of the first single-phase contactless switch, the second single-phase contactless switch, and the third single-phase contactless switch are respectively electrically connected to the input terminal of a single-phase load control component. The main control unit also includes a voltage acquisition module electrically connected to the single-phase phase-to-phase switching module.

2. The switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first control component includes a three-phase disconnect switch, a fuse module, and a current detection module. The three-phase disconnect switch and the fuse module are connected in series between the three-phase power supply and the second control component. The input terminal of the three-phase disconnect switch is electrically connected to the three-phase power supply, the output terminal of the three-phase disconnect switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of the fuse module, and the output terminal of the fuse module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second control component after passing through the current detection module.

3. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insurance module includes a first fuse, a second fuse, and a third fuse, and the input terminals of the first fuse, the second fuse, and the third fuse are electrically connected to the output terminals of the three-phase disconnect switch, respectively. The current detection module includes a first current transformer, a second current transformer, and a third current transformer, which are electrically connected to the analysis and control unit.

4. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-phase contactless switch includes a first bidirectional thyristor, a second bidirectional thyristor, and a third bidirectional thyristor; the anode of the first bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first fuse, the anode of the second bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second fuse, and the anode of the third bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third fuse. The first single-phase contactless switch includes a fourth bidirectional thyristor, the second single-phase contactless switch includes a fifth bidirectional thyristor, and the third single-phase contactless switch includes a sixth bidirectional thyristor; the cathode of the first bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the anode of the fourth bidirectional thyristor, the cathode of the second bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the anode of the fifth bidirectional thyristor, and the cathode of the third bidirectional thyristor is electrically connected to the anode of the sixth bidirectional thyristor.

5. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 4, characterized in that: The voltage acquisition module includes a voltage sensor, the input terminal of which is electrically connected to the cathodes of the fourth, fifth, and sixth bidirectional thyristors, respectively; the output terminal of the voltage sensor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the single-phase load control component.

6. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main control unit also includes a manual switch, which is electrically connected to the analysis control unit.

7. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 6, characterized in that: The analysis and control unit includes a microcontroller, a signal detection component, a communication component, and a signal output component. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the signal detection component, the communication component, and the signal output component, respectively.

8. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal output component is a display screen used to show the real-time status.

9. A switching device for rapid phase-to-phase switching of a single-phase load according to claim 7, characterized in that: The communication component is a 485 communication port for implementing communication data connection.

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