Rapid posture adjusting and calibrating device for main shaft and tool magazine manipulator of aviation machining equipment
Through the modular design of the reference components and the base, and the cooperation of the magnetic alignment module, efficient and precise positional calibration of the spindle and the tool magazine robot is achieved, solving the problems of low efficiency and insufficient accuracy in traditional methods, and meeting the high precision requirements of aerospace processing equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520657899.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-09
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods for adjusting the position of spindles and tool magazine robots are cumbersome, inefficient, and lack precision, with large human errors, making it difficult to meet the high-precision requirements of precision machining in aerospace and other fields. Existing laser rangefinders are prone to failure in environments with splashing coolant, and their complex structure makes them difficult to install and use quickly.
By adopting a modular design of reference components and base, combined with displacement detection module and magnetic centering module, the parallelism of spindle end face and concentricity of axis are efficiently and synchronously calibrated through the magnetic attraction between magnetically conductive arc surface and magnetic ball and deformation feedback of elastic connection unit, avoiding dependence on optical components.
It significantly improves the calibration efficiency and accuracy of the spindle and tool magazine robot, reduces operational complexity, ensures the stability and safety of the device, and meets the high precision requirements of aerospace processing equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223947419U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to numerical control machine tool auxiliary adjusting device technical field, especially in kind of aviation processing equipment main shaft and quick posture calibration device of tool magazine manipulator. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the aviation part processing equipment, the pose adjustment of the main shaft and the tool magazine manipulator is a key work, directly influences the tool changing efficiency and the processing quality, needs the main shaft end face with the tool magazine manipulator end face to be adjusted to parallel when pose adjustment, the main shaft axis with the tool magazine manipulator axis is adjusted to concentric. The traditional pose adjustment method mainly relies on experience judgment and dial gauge measurement, not only is the operation cumbersome, and the efficiency is low, and the precision is insufficient. The specific performance is as follows: first, the operator needs to adjust manually many times, reaches the required technical requirement through repeated trial and error, which not only consumes time and effort, but also increases the possibility of operation failure. Secondly, since human judgment has a large subjective error, it is difficult to meet the demand of high-precision processing. Finally, the existing adjustment method has higher technical requirements for the operator, and the operation consistency of different personnel is poor, so that the adjustment result is unstable.
[0003] In order to overcome the limitations of the prior art, many researchers have devoted to developing new pose adjustment devices, such as laser ranging pose calibration device, but it depends on optical elements, which is easy to fail in the cooling liquid splashing environment. The current solution often has the problems of complex structure, difficult to install and use quickly, which limits its application range and practicability to some extent. Especially in the field of precision machining such as aerospace, the pose precision of the main shaft and the tool magazine manipulator is extremely high, and any slight deviation may cause processing quality problems, so a more simple, efficient and higher precision adjustment device is needed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The utility model provides a kind of aviation processing equipment main shaft and quick posture calibration device of tool magazine manipulator, can quickly detect the parallelism deviation between main shaft end face and tool magazine manipulator end face and the concentricity error between main shaft axis and tool magazine manipulator axis, significantly improve calibration efficiency and precision.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0006] The application discloses a kind of quick posture calibration devices of aero-machining equipment main shaft and tool magazine mechanical hand, including installation on the reference element of main shaft, with the reference element opposite setting installation on the base of tool magazine mechanical hand, multiple displacement detection modules being arranged on the base, and magnetic attraction centering module being arranged on the central axis of the base;The end surface of the reference element is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, and the end surface center is provided with magnetic conductive arc surface;The magnetic conductive arc surface is spherical structure;The end surface of the base is perpendicular to the axis of the tool magazine mechanical hand;The displacement detection module includes displacement reading unit connected with the base and elastic expansion unit movably connected with the displacement reading unit, and the displacement detection module detects the parallelism deviation between the end surface of the reference element and the base by the axial displacement generated by the contact between the elastic expansion unit and the reference element;The magnetic attraction centering module includes elastic connection unit connected with the base and magnetic alignment unit connected with the elastic connection unit, and the magnetic attraction centering module guides the coaxial calibration of the axis of the reference element and the base by the magnetic attraction between the magnetic alignment unit and the magnetic conductive arc surface, combined with the elastic deformation feedback of the elastic connection unit.
[0007] As preferred, the reference element includes coaxially arranged and sequentially connected reference connecting column, reference support column and reference alignment column;The reference connecting column is installed on the main shaft through the tool holder, and the end surface of the reference connecting column is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft;The magnetic conductive arc surface is arranged at the axial end of the reference alignment column, the magnetic conductive arc surface is made of soft magnetic material, and the spherical center thereof is coaxial with the axis of the reference alignment column;The outer side of the reference alignment column is provided with a first reference edge for correction.
[0008] As preferred, the base includes coaxially arranged and sequentially connected base alignment column, base support column and base connecting column;The base connecting column is installed on the tool magazine mechanical hand through the tool holder, and the end surface of the reference connecting column is perpendicular to the axis of the tool magazine mechanical hand;The multiple displacement detection modules and the magnetic attraction centering module are arranged at the axial end of the base alignment column, and the outer side of the base alignment column is provided with a second reference edge for calibration.
[0009] As preferred, the axial end of the base alignment column is provided with multiple mounting holes uniformly distributed along the circumference of the base alignment column and a center hole arranged on the axis of the base alignment column;The multiple displacement detection modules are respectively connected with the multiple mounting holes, and the magnetic attraction centering module is connected with the center hole.
[0010] As preferred, the elastic expansion unit comprises a movable rod, a sleeve coaxially sleeved outside the movable rod, and a reset spring arranged in the sleeve and connected with the rear end of the movable rod; the sleeve is coaxially connected with the mounting hole; the displacement reading unit comprises a pointer fixed to the end of the movable rod, an opening arranged on the side wall of the sleeve and extending along the axial direction, and a scale line arranged on the edge of the opening; the pointer moves synchronously with the axial displacement of the movable rod and displays the displacement amount through the scale line.
[0011] As preferred, a recess is arranged in the middle of the sleeve, and the pointer is movably arranged in the recess, so as to prevent the pointer from slipping off axially from the sleeve.
[0012] As preferred, a radial limiting pin is arranged at the front end of the sleeve, and an axial pin slot is arranged in the middle of the movable rod; the limiting pin is partially embedded in the pin slot, so as to limit the radial deflection and axial slipping of the movable rod.
[0013] As preferred, the front end of the movable rod is a contact end, and the contact end is in a semispherical structure, so as to form point contact with the end face of the reference element.
[0014] As preferred, the magnetic alignment unit is a magnetic ball, and the elastic connecting unit comprises a compression spring and a supporting rod sleeved outside the compression spring; the supporting rod is coaxially connected with the center hole; the magnetic ball is fixed to the front end of the compression spring, and the deformation amount of the compression spring is positively correlated with the magnetic attraction force.
[0015] The utility model also provides a kind of pose calibration method of quick pose calibration device of aero machining equipment main shaft and tool magazine manipulator based on above preferred mode, comprising the following steps: S1: reference element and base are respectively installed on the tool handle of main shaft and the tool handle of tool magazine manipulator, and the initial centring is checked by the coplanarity of first reference edge and second reference edge;S2: move tool magazine manipulator to make the movable rod of multiple displacement detection modules contact reference element end face, adjust manipulator pose according to the displacement reading of each pointer on scale line, until all displacement reading difference≤0.02mm;S3: continue to move tool magazine manipulator to make magnetic ball adsorb magnetic conductive arc face, fine-tune manipulator until the deformation amount of compression spring is stably in the range of±0.1mm and magnetic ball and magnetic conductive arc face are gapless and attached;S4: lock and store current manipulator coordinate as tool changing reference position.
[0016] Compared with prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. The utility model discloses a modularization cooperative design through benchmarking and base, can realize the efficient synchronous calibration of spindle end face parallelism and axis concentricity. The magnetic force ball of the magnetic attraction centering module is matched with the magnetic conductive arc surface of benchmarking, and in combination with the deformation feedback mechanism of elastic connecting unit, can guide the spindle and tool magazine mechanical hand axis automatic alignment quickly, the tedious process of traditional manual repeated trial is reduced significantly, and the adjustment efficiency is improved greatly. Meanwhile, the contact type elastic feedback mechanism of the utility model does not need to rely on optical element, guarantees the stability and safety of device.
[0018] 2. The utility model discloses the linkage design of elastic expansion unit and displacement reading unit of displacement detection module, can accurate detection end face parallelism deviation. The hemispherical contact end of movable rod front end is contacted with benchmarking, avoids surface contact friction interference, reset spring drives movable rod reset and drives pointer along scale line movement, intuitive display deviation, and operating personnel can judge adjustment direction directly based on the synchronous reading of four detection modules, effectively eliminates artificial experience error, and the detection precision is improved obviously.
[0019] 3. The utility model discloses the dynamic adsorption and elastic feedback mechanism of magnetic attraction centering module, can realize the one-time in place of axis concentric calibration. In the calibration process, through the step sequence of first performing end face parallelism calibration and then implementing axis concentric calibration, the axis alignment error caused by end face inclination is effectively avoided. After the contact of magnetic force ball and magnetic conductive arc surface, the magnetic attraction force drives the corresponding deformation of compression spring, and operating personnel can judge alignment state through the spring deformation, avoid the problem of relying on visual inspection or repeated fine adjustment in traditional method, and the adjustment time and operation complexity are reduced greatly.
[0020] 4. The utility model discloses the recess and pin guiding structure, can ensure that the detection process is stable and reliable. The radial deflection of movable rod is strictly constrained by limit pin, and the pointer directional sliding in recess, effectively avoid the reading drift under the vibration working condition, ensure the consistency of detection result. ACCURACY
[0021] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic drawing of the utility model's aviation processing equipment spindle and tool magazine mechanical hand fast posture calibration device.
[0022] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic drawing of the utility model's benchmarking.
[0023] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic drawing of the utility model's base.
[0024] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic drawing of the utility model's displacement detection module.
[0025] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic drawing of the utility model's movable rod.
[0026] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic view of sleeve of the utility model.
[0027] Figure 7 It is the structure schematic view of magnetic attraction centering module of the utility model.
[0028] In the above-mentioned drawing, the component name corresponding to the reference sign is as follows:
[0029] 1, reference element; 11, reference connecting column; 12, reference support column; 13, reference alignment column; 14, magnetic conductive arc surface; 15, first reference edge; 2, base; 21, base alignment column; 22, base support column; 23, base connecting column; 24, second reference edge; 25, mounting hole; 26, center hole; 3, displacement detection module; 31, movable rod; 32, sleeve; 33, reset spring; 34, pointer; 35, scale line; 36, limit pin; 37, pin slot; 4, magnetic attraction centering module; 41, magnetic force ball; 42, compression spring; 43, support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the present application will be described clearly and completely below by combining the specific embodiments of the present application with corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0031] The features of the terms "first", "second" in the specification and claims of the present application can include one or more features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.
[0032] EMBODIMENT
[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-7The utility model discloses an aero -processing equipment main shaft and quick posture adjustment calibration device of tool magazine manipulator, including the reference element 1 of installation on the main shaft, with the reference element 1 opposite setting installs on the base 2 of tool magazine manipulator, set up a plurality of displacement detection module 3 on the base 2 to and set up the magnetic attraction centering module 4 on the central axis of base 2, the end surface of reference element 1 is perpendicular to the axis of main shaft, and the end surface center is provided with magnetic conductive camber surface 14, the end surface of base 2 is perpendicular to the axis of tool magazine manipulator, displacement detection module 3 includes the displacement reading unit of being connected with base 2 and the elastic telescopic unit of being movably connected with displacement reading unit, and displacement detection module 3 detects the parallelism deviation between reference element 1 and the end surface of base 2 through the axial displacement amount of the contact of elastic telescopic unit and reference element 1, magnetic attraction centering module 4 includes the elastic connecting unit of being connected with base 2 and the magnetic alignment unit of being connected with elastic connecting unit, and magnetic attraction centering module 4 is guided the coaxial calibration of reference element 1 and base 2 through the magnetic attraction of magnetic alignment unit and magnetic conductive camber surface 14, combines the elastic deformation feedback of elastic connecting unit. Specific structure and operation method are as follows:
[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 The reference element 1 includes the reference connecting column 11, the reference support column 12 and the reference alignment column 13 which are coaxially arranged and rigidly connected in sequence. The reference connecting column 11 is installed on the main shaft through a tool shank, and the end surface thereof is precisely processed to ensure perpendicularity with the axis of the main shaft, and the perpendicularity tolerance is controlled within ±0.005 mm. The outer diameter of the reference support column 12 is larger than that of the reference connecting column 11 to form a stepped structure and enhance the overall rigidity of the reference element 1. The right end of the reference alignment column 13 is provided with a magnetic conductive camber surface 14 which is a spherical surface structure made of soft magnetic material, and the spherical center is coaxial with the axis of the reference alignment column 13, and the coaxiality error is not more than ±0.01 mm. The outer peripheral surface of the reference alignment column 13 is ground to form a first reference edge 15 which is a plane extending in the axial direction and used for coplanarity verification with a second reference edge 24 of the base 2 to ensure the installation concentricity of the reference element 1 and the main shaft.
[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 And Figure 3The base 2 includes coaxially arranged and sequentially rigidly connected base alignment column 21, base support column 22 and base connecting column 23. The base connecting column 23 is mounted on the tool magazine manipulator through a tool holder, and the end face thereof is precisely processed to ensure perpendicularity with the axis of the tool magazine manipulator, with the perpendicularity tolerance controlled within ±0.005 mm. The axial left end of the base alignment column 21 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 25 distributed along the circumference and a central hole 26 located on the central axis. The number of the mounting holes 25 is preferably four, which are uniformly distributed at intervals of 90° along the circumferential direction of the base alignment column 21 and used for mounting the displacement detection module 3. The central hole 26 is used for mounting the magnetic attraction centering module 4. The outer circumferential surface of the base alignment column 21 is ground to form a second reference edge 24, which is an axial plane and cooperates with the first reference edge 15 to perform initial centering verification.
[0036] Please refer to Figures 4-6 The displacement detection module 3 includes an elastic expansion unit and a displacement reading unit. The elastic expansion unit is composed of a movable rod 31, a sleeve 32 and a return spring 33. The sleeve 32 is fixed in the mounting hole 25 of the base 2 through threaded connection, and the inside thereof coaxially sleeves the movable rod 31. The front end of the movable rod 31 is a hemispherical contact end made of hard alloy, and the surface thereof is polished to reduce friction; the rear end is connected with the return spring 33. The elastic coefficient of the return spring 33 is designed according to the detection force requirement, to ensure that the movable rod 31 remains in the maximum extended state under no external force. The side wall of the sleeve 32 is provided with an opening extending in the axial direction, and the opening edge is engraved with a scale line 35 with a scale division value of 0.01 mm. The right end of the movable rod 31 is fixed with a pointer 34, which slides on the opening along with the axial displacement of the movable rod 31, and directly displays the displacement amount through the scale line 35. The middle part of the sleeve 32 is provided with a groove with a depth slightly larger than the height of the pointer 34, to prevent the pointer 34 from being separated from the sleeve 32 under vibration working conditions. The middle part of the movable rod 31 is provided with an axially extending pin slot 37, and the front end of the sleeve 32 is provided with a radial limiting pin 36 partially embedded in the pin slot 37, to limit the radial deflection and axial sliding of the movable rod 31, and ensure the stability of the detection process. Four displacement detection modules 3 are provided, and the face tilt error is eliminated by four-point method.
[0037] Please refer to Figure 7The magnetic attraction centering module 4 comprises a magnetic alignment unit and an elastic connection unit. The elastic connection unit is composed of a support rod 43 and a compression spring 42. The support rod 43 is fixed in the center hole 26 of the base 2 by threaded connection, and the compression spring 42 is coaxially installed at the front end of the support rod 43. The elastic coefficient of the compression spring 42 is designed according to the magnetic attraction force requirement, to ensure that the deformation amount is linearly related to the magnetic attraction force. The magnetic alignment unit is a magnetic force ball 41 made of permanent magnetic material, and the diameter of the magnetic force ball 41 matches the curvature radius of the magnetic guide arc surface 14. The magnetic force ball 41 is fixed at the front end of the compression spring 42 and keeps the initial position under the action of the spring pre-tightening force. When the magnetic force ball 41 contacts with the magnetic guide arc surface 14, the magnetic attraction force drives the compression spring 42 to deform, and the deformation amount is judged by the scale mark on the support rod 43 or visual observation. The stable threshold of the deformation is set to ±0.1 mm.
[0038] The specific calibration method comprises the following steps:
[0039] S1: Initial installation and verification: install the reference element 1 on the main shaft tool holder, and install the base 2 on the tool magazine mechanical hand tool holder. The coplanarity of the first reference edge 15 and the second reference edge 24 is verified by an optical centering instrument or a micrometer, to ensure the initial centering of the reference element 1 and the base 2. If the reference edge deviation exceeds ±0.02 mm, the installation needs to be adjusted again.
[0040] S2: End face parallelism calibration: move the tool magazine mechanical hand, so that the front end of the movable rod 31 of the displacement detection module 3 contacts the end face of the reference element 1. When contacting, the movable rod 31 is squeezed and retracted, the compression spring 33 is compressed, and the pointer 34 indicates the displacement amount along the scale line 35. The operator adjusts the pose (such as translation or rotation) of the tool magazine mechanical hand according to the reading difference of the four displacement detection modules 3, until the displacement reading difference of each module is ≤0.02 mm. During the adjustment process, the guide action of the limiting pin 36 and the pin slot 37 ensures that the movable rod 31 only moves in the axial direction, avoiding measurement errors caused by radial deflection.
[0041] S3: Axis concentricity calibration: continue to move the tool magazine mechanical hand, so that the magnetic force ball 41 approaches the magnetic guide arc surface 14. Under the action of magnetic attraction, the magnetic force ball 41 is adsorbed to the center of the magnetic guide arc surface 14, and the compression spring 42 deforms. The pose of the tool magazine mechanical hand is fine-tuned through the numerical control system, until the deformation amount of the compression spring 42 is stable within the range of ±0.1 mm, and the magnetic force ball 41 is tightly attached to the magnetic guide arc surface 14 without gap. At this time, the axes of the reference element 1 and the base 2 reach the coaxial state, and the coaxiality error is ≤0.01 mm.
[0042] S4: Reference position locking: after the calibration is completed, the current coordinates of the tool magazine mechanical hand are locked and stored as the tool changing reference position. The subsequent tool changing operation directly calls the coordinates, to ensure the tool changing accuracy.
[0043] In summary, the aviation machining equipment spindle and the tool magazine mechanical hand rapid posture adjustment calibration device, through the modular collaborative design of the reference element and the base, combined with the elastic expansion feedback mechanism of the displacement detection module and the dynamic adsorption guiding characteristics of the magnetic attraction centering module, realizes the efficient synchronous calibration of the spindle end face parallelism and the axis concentricity. In the specific implementation process, the magnetic guide arc surface of the reference element and the magnetic force ball of the base guide the axis to automatically align through magnetic attraction, and the elastic contact type measurement of the displacement detection module is used to ensure the accuracy of the axis concentricity calibration. The calibration steps are strictly executed according to the process of first end face parallelism calibration (deviation ≤0.02mm) and then axis concentricity calibration (coaxiality error ≤0.01mm), which effectively avoids the systematic error caused by the step inversion. The guiding structure of the limiting pin and the groove, the point contact design of the hemispherical contact end, and the magnetic attraction elastic feedback mechanism in the device jointly ensure the stability and reading consistency of the detection process. The utility model replaces the traditional manual test with the physical feedback mode of mechanical contact and magnetic attraction cooperation, significantly improves the calibration efficiency and accuracy, and meets the high standard requirements of the aviation machining equipment for the tool changing posture.
[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any form, and any skilled person in the art can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments with the disclosed technical content without departing from the technical scheme of the utility model. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the utility model, as long as it does not deviate from the technical scheme of the utility model, still belongs to the range of the technical scheme of the utility model.
Claims
1. A quick attitude adjustment and calibration device for an aeronautical machining equipment spindle and a tool magazine mechanical hand, characterized by: The application relates to a parallelism deviation detection device for a tool magazine mechanical arm, which comprises a reference element (1) mounted on a main shaft, a base (2) mounted on the tool magazine mechanical arm and arranged opposite to the reference element (1), a plurality of displacement detection modules (3) arranged on the base (2), and a magnetic attraction centering module (4) arranged on a central axis of the base (2); the end surface of the reference element (1) is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, and a magnetic conductive arc surface (14) is arranged at the center of the end surface; the magnetic conductive arc surface (14) is a spherical surface structure; the end surface of the base (2) is perpendicular to the axis of the tool magazine mechanical arm; the displacement detection module (3) comprises a displacement reading unit connected with the base (2) and an elastic extension unit movably connected with the displacement reading unit, and the displacement detection module (3) detects the parallelism deviation between the end surfaces of the reference element (1) and the base (2) through the axial displacement amount generated by the contact between the elastic extension unit and the reference element (1); the magnetic attraction centering module (4) comprises an elastic connection unit connected with the base (2) and a magnetic alignment unit connected with the elastic connection unit, and the magnetic attraction centering module (4) guides the coaxial calibration of the axis of the reference element (1) and the base (2) through the magnetic attraction between the magnetic alignment unit and the magnetic conductive arc surface (14) and the elastic deformation feedback of the elastic connection unit.
2. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aircraft machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference element (1) comprises coaxially arranged and sequentially connected reference connecting columns (11), reference supporting columns (12) and reference alignment columns (13); the reference connecting columns (11) are mounted on the main shaft through tool shanks, and the end surface of the reference connecting columns (11) is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft; the magnetic conductive arc surface (14) is arranged at the axial end of the reference alignment column (13), the magnetic conductive arc surface (14) is made of soft magnetic material, and the spherical center of the magnetic conductive arc surface (14) is coaxial with the axis of the reference alignment column (13); a first reference edge (15) for correction is arranged on the outer side of the reference alignment column (13).
3. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aircraft machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (2) comprises coaxially arranged and sequentially connected base alignment columns (21), base supporting columns (22) and base connecting columns (23); the base connecting columns (23) are mounted on the tool magazine mechanical arm through tool shanks, and the end surface of the base connecting columns (23) is perpendicular to the axis of the tool magazine mechanical arm; the plurality of displacement detection modules (3) and the magnetic attraction centering module (4) are arranged at the axial end of the base alignment column (21), and a second reference edge (24) for calibration is arranged on the outer side of the base alignment column (21).
4. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aircraft machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of mounting holes (25) distributed along the circumference of the base alignment column (21) and a central hole (26) arranged on the axis of the base alignment column (21) are arranged at the axial end of the base alignment column (21); the plurality of displacement detection modules (3) are connected with the plurality of mounting holes (25) respectively, and the magnetic attraction centering module (4) is connected with the central hole (26).
5. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aircraft machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic expansion unit comprises a movable rod (31), a sleeve (32) coaxially sleeved outside the movable rod (31), and a reset spring (33) arranged in the sleeve (32) and connected with the rear end of the movable rod (31); the sleeve (32) is coaxially connected with the mounting hole (25); the displacement reading unit comprises a pointer (34) fixed to the end of the movable rod (31), an opening arranged on the side wall of the sleeve (32) and extending along the axial direction, and a scale line (35) arranged on the edge of the opening; the pointer (34) moves synchronously with the axial displacement of the movable rod (31) and displays the displacement amount through the scale line (35).
6. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aircraft machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 5, characterized in that, The middle part of the sleeve (32) is provided with a groove, and the pointer (34) is movably arranged in the groove, which is used to prevent the pointer (34) from slipping axially from the sleeve (32).
7. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aircraft machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front end of the sleeve (32) is provided with a radial limiting pin (36), and the middle part of the movable rod (31) is provided with an axial pin slot (37); the limiting pin (36) is partially embedded in the pin slot (37), which is used to limit the radial deflection and axial slipping of the movable rod (31).
8. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aircraft machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front end of the movable rod (31) is a contact end, which is a hemispherical structure, and is used to form point contact with the end face of the reference element (1).
9. The quick alignment device for the main shaft of the aeronautical machining equipment and the tool magazine mechanical hand according to claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic alignment unit is a magnetic ball (41), the elastic connection unit comprises a compression spring (42) and a support rod (43) sleeved outside the compression spring (42); the support rod (43) is coaxially connected with the center hole (26); the magnetic ball (41) is fixed to the front end of the compression spring (42), and the deformation amount of the compression spring (42) is positively correlated with the magnetic attraction force.