Medium-depth blast hole blasting control charging structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a medium-depth blast hole blasting control charging structure, and belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering. The explosion hole comprises a main explosion hole and side holes, a plurality of cartridges are sequentially filled in the main explosion hole, and the upper end of the main explosion hole is filled with a main hole filling layer; the side hole is sequentially divided into a first charging section, a first interval section, a second charging section, a second interval section, a third charging section and a side hole filling layer from bottom to top. According to the utility model, the traditional continuous charging structure of the side hole is changed, a segmented charging mode is adopted, the explosive quantity is dispersed, the concentrated continuous charging length is reduced, the side protection of medium-length hole blasting is realized, the damage of blasting energy to ore rock masses in adjacent blasting areas is reduced, the forming quality of two sides is improved, the stability of the side pulling side is improved, and the ore removal safety is improved; and on the premise of ensuring the blasting effect, the explosive cost is reduced, and the ore dilution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blasting engineering technology, and more specifically, to a controlled charge structure for blasting medium-deep blast holes. Background Technology

[0002] Downward drilling is divided into deep holes and shallow holes, with a 5-meter depth as the dividing line. In deep-hole blasting (hole depth > 5 meters), the base resistance line is larger, requiring a larger charge. The Baixiangshan iron mine uses a pre-controlled top-down approach filling mining method, such as... Figure 4 As shown. During the blasting of the lower layer (downward-facing hole blasting layer - 6.3 meters deep), a large amount of explosives is required to overcome the resistance line of the blasting bed. If the side holes are filled with explosives continuously, the blasting energy cannot be effectively controlled, which can easily damage the side walls on both sides of the blasting bed and cause over-excavation. After the tailings are cemented and backfilled in the tunnel, an inverted backfill body will form. When the ore is extracted from the bottom of the blasting bed, the backfill body is prone to collapse, burying the ore extraction vehicles and posing a significant safety risk. At the same time, the backfill body is prone to mixing with ore, resulting in ore dilution and reducing the grade of the original ore. Utility Model Content

[0003] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the utility model

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a controlled charge structure for medium-deep borehole blasting. This invention changes the traditional continuous charge structure of side holes by adopting a segmented charge method to disperse the charge amount and reduce the length of concentrated continuous charge, thereby achieving side protection in medium-deep borehole blasting, reducing the damage of blasting energy to the ore and rock mass in adjacent areas, improving the forming quality of the two sides, improving the stability of the bottom side, and enhancing ore extraction safety. At the same time, it reduces the unit consumption of explosives, reduces explosive costs and reduces ore dilution while ensuring blasting effectiveness.

[0005] 2. Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] This utility model discloses a controlled charge structure for blasting in medium-deep boreholes, including main blast holes and side holes. The main blast holes are arranged in two rows along the width of the roadway, with multiple main blast holes in each row. Side holes are arranged on both sides of the main blast holes.

[0008] The main blast hole is filled with multiple explosive cartridges in sequence, and the upper end of the main blast hole is filled by the main hole filling layer; one end of the explosive cartridge is inserted into a detonator, one end of the detonator is connected to a detonator lead wire, and one end of the detonator lead wire leads out of the main blast hole.

[0009] The side hole is divided into the first charge section, the first interval section, the second charge section, the second interval section, the third charge section, and the side hole filling layer from bottom to top;

[0010] The first charge section is separated from the second charge section by a first interval section, the second charge section is separated from the third charge section by a second interval section, and the upper end of the side hole is filled by a side hole filling layer;

[0011] The second charge section is sequentially filled with three cartridges, and the third charge section is sequentially filled with two cartridges.

[0012] The first charge section is sequentially filled with four cartridges, and the first charge section is sequentially filled from bottom to top, wherein the first cartridge and the third cartridge are respectively inserted into a detonator, one end of the detonator is connected with a detonator lead, one end of the detonator lead is led out of the side hole, and an detonating cord is further arranged in the side hole.

[0013] Further, the width of the roadway is 6 m, four blast holes with a diameter of 70 mm are constructed in each row, and the depth is 6.8 m, wherein the two holes at the middle position are main blast holes, and the positions away from the two sides of the roadway are side holes, and the side holes include a left side hole and a right side hole.

[0014] Further, the main blast hole adopts continuous coupling charging, and the cartridges in the main blast hole are sequentially stacked with eleven cartridges, and the cartridges are sequentially filled from bottom to top, wherein the first cartridge and the third cartridge are respectively inserted into a detonator.

[0015] Further, the cartridges in the main blast hole adopt No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with a diameter of 60 mm, each cartridge has a length of 50 cm and a weight of 1.5 kg, the cartridges are filled from the bottom to the hole mouth, reverse double detonators are used for initiation, the detonator lead is led out from the bottom of the explosive package and is pressed on the side surface of the cartridge, the detonator lead is led out of the hole mouth, the total length of the cartridges filled in the main blast hole is 5.5 m, and the length of the main hole filling layer is 1.3 m.

[0016] Further, the cartridges in the main blast hole adopt No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with a diameter of 60 mm, each cartridge has a length of 50 cm and a weight of 1.5 kg, the cartridges are filled from the bottom to the hole mouth, reverse double detonators are used for initiation, the detonator lead is led out from the bottom of the explosive package and is pressed on the side surface of the cartridge, the detonator lead is led out of the hole mouth, the total length of the cartridges filled in the main blast hole is 5.5 m, and the length of the main hole filling layer is 1.3 m.

[0017] Further, the thicknesses of the first interval section and the second interval section are 0.5 m, and the thickness of the side hole filling layer is 1.3 m.

[0018] 3. Beneficial effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The utility model discloses a change traditional continuous charging structure of side hole, adopt sectional charging mode, disperse the amount of charge, reduce the length of centralized continuous charging, realize the side help protection of medium -deep hole blasting, reduce the damage of blasting energy to the adjacent area ore rock mass of blasting, improve the quality of two sides forming, improve the stability of the bottom side, promote the safety of mining, simultaneously, reduce the explosive unit consumption, under the premise of guaranteeing the cannon effect, reduce the explosive cost, reduce the ore dilution. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the distribution of blast holes in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main blast hole of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the side hole of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a background technical diagram of the present utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Main blast hole; 11. Main hole filling layer; 2. Side hole; 21. First charge section; 22. Second charge section; 23. Third charge section; 24. First interval section; 25. Second interval section; 26. Side hole filling layer; 3. Explosive cartridge; 4. Detonator; 5. Detonator lead wire; 6. Detonating cord. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0027] Example 1

[0028] from Figures 1-3 As can be seen, a medium-deep blast hole blasting control charge structure in this embodiment includes a main blast hole 1 and side holes 2. The main blast holes 1 are arranged in two rows along the width of the roadway, and each row is provided with multiple main blast holes 1. Side holes 2 are arranged on both sides of the main blast holes 1.

[0029] The alleyway is 6 meters wide, such as Figure 1 As shown, each row of construction has four blasting holes with a diameter of 70 mm and a depth of 6.8 meters. The two holes in the middle are the main blasting holes 1, and the holes on both sides of the roadway are the side holes 2. The side holes 2 include the left hole and the right hole.

[0030] Side hole 2 is 0.5 meters away from both sides, and the spacing between each pair of main blast holes 1 is 1.8 meters; the row spacing of each row of blast holes is 1.5 meters.

[0031] Multiple explosive cartridges 3 are sequentially filled into the main blast hole 1. The upper end of the main blast hole 1 is filled through the main hole filling layer 11. One end of the explosive cartridge 3 is inserted into the detonator 4. One end of the detonator 4 is connected to the detonator lead wire 5. One end of the detonator lead wire 5 is led out of the main blast hole 1.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the main blast hole 1 uses continuous coupling charge. Eleven charge rolls 3 are stacked in the main blast hole 1 in sequence from bottom to top. The first and third charge rolls 3 are each inserted with a detonator 4.

[0033] The cartridge 3 in the main blast hole 1 uses No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with a diameter of 60 mm, each with a length of 50 cm and a weight of 1.5 kg, and is charged from the hole bottom to the hole opening, and is initiated by reverse double detonators 4, and the detonator lead 5 is led out from the bottom of the explosive package and is pressed on the side of the cartridge 3 and is led out of the opening. The total length of the charge in the main blast hole 1 is 5.5 m, and the length of the main hole filling layer 11 is 1.3 m.

[0034] The side hole 2 is divided into a first charging section 21, a first interval section 24, a second charging section 22, a second interval section 25, a third charging section 23 and a side hole filling layer 26 from bottom to top in sequence;

[0035] The first charging section 21 and the second charging section 22 are separated by the first interval section 24, the second charging section 22 and the third charging section 23 are separated by the second interval section 25, and the upper end of the side hole 2 is filled by the side hole filling layer 26; the thicknesses of the first interval section 24 and the second interval section 25 are 0.5 m, and the thickness of the side hole filling layer 26 is 1.3 m;

[0036] Three cartridges 3 are sequentially arranged in the second charging section 22, and two cartridges 3 are sequentially arranged in the third charging section 23;

[0037] Four cartridges 3 are sequentially arranged in the first charging section 21, and in the first charging section 21 from bottom to top, the first cartridge 3 and the third cartridge 3 are respectively inserted into a detonator 4, one end of the detonator 4 is connected with a detonator lead 5, one end of the detonator lead 5 is led out of the side hole 2, and a detonating cord 6 is also arranged in the side hole 2.

[0038] The side hole 2 is charged by interval section, and No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with a diameter of 60 mm is used, and is charged from the hole bottom to the hole opening, and is initiated by reverse double detonators 4.

[0039] The cartridges 3 in the side hole 2 are divided into three continuous charging sections, the interval between the cartridge sections is filled with rock slag, and the interval is from the hole bottom to the hole opening, realizing the interval mode of “cartridge-rock slag-cartridge-rock slag-cartridge-filling”.

[0040] The specific charging operation is as follows: first, the first charging section 21 is charged. The first charging section 21 is located at the hole bottom of the side hole 2 and plays a role of initiating explosive and overcoming the resistance line of the bottom disc. This section is composed of four continuous cartridges 3, and the first cartridge 3 and the third cartridge 3 are respectively inserted into a detonator 4. At the same time, the detonating cord 6 is inserted into the first cartridge 3, and the knot of the detonating cord 6 on the cartridge 3 is fixed well, and the detonating cord 6 and the detonator lead 5 are pulled and slowly put into the hole, ensuring that they are put into the bottom, and then the detonating cord 6 and the detonator lead 5 are pressed on the side of the cartridge, and then the remaining cartridges 3 are sequentially put into the hole, and the charging of the first charging section 21 is completed.

[0041] Considering that there is water in the borehole, two detonators 4 are used for detonation, and the detonating cord 6 conducts the detonation wave to ensure the initiation of each cartridge 3;

[0042] Secondly, the first interval section 24 is filled, the rock slag formed by drilling is slowly filled into the hole by hand, the amount of rock slag entering the hole at the same time is ensured, the hole is prevented from being blocked, and the filling quality of the first interval section 24 is ensured The filling height of the first interval section 24 is 0.5 meters, after the first interval section 24 filling work is completed, the second charging section 22 is filled;

[0043] The second charging section 22 is composed of three cartridges 3, and the three cartridges 3 are continuously filled into the hole from the hole, and the detonating cord 6 and the detonator lead 5 are also pressed on the side of the cartridge, and after completion, the rock slag filling of the second interval section 25 is carried out, and the rock slag height is 0.5 meters, and the specific operation is consistent with the foregoing, and will not be repeated here;

[0044] Then, the third charging section 23 is filled, which is composed of two cartridges 3, and the detonating cord 6 and the detonator lead 5 are pressed on the side of the cartridge 3;

[0045] Finally, the 1.3-meter-high side hole filling layer 26 is filled, and the rock slag is slowly poured from the hole, and the rock slag is pressed by the cannon stick, and the rock slag is prevented from being pressed; then, according to the designed initiation network connection, initiation is carried out;

[0046] The utility model discloses a one-time initiation is 4 rows of blast holes, and is named as first row, second row, third row and fourth row in turn according to the direction of frame head retreat, for controlling single blasting energy, two blast holes are initiated simultaneously, the middle two main blast holes 1 of first row are one section initiation, the left and right side holes 2 of first row are designed as two section initiation, the main blast hole 1 of second row is designed as three section initiation, and the side hole of second row is fourth section initiation, and each section interval is 200 milliseconds in turn.

[0047] The utility model discloses a one-time initiation is 4 rows of blast holes, and is named as first row, second row, third row and fourth row in turn according to the direction of frame head retreat, for controlling single blasting energy, two blast holes are initiated simultaneously, the middle two main blast holes 1 of first row are one section initiation, the left and right side holes 2 of first row are designed as two section initiation, the main blast hole 1 of second row is designed as three section initiation, and the side hole of second row is fourth section initiation, and each section interval is 200 milliseconds in turn.

[0048] The utility model discloses a one-time initiation is 4 rows of blast holes, and is named as first row, second row, third row and fourth row in turn according to the direction of frame head retreat, for controlling single blasting energy, two blast holes are initiated simultaneously, the middle two main blast holes 1 of first row are one section initiation, the left and right side holes 2 of first row are designed as two section initiation, the main blast hole 1 of second row is designed as three section initiation, and the side hole of second row is fourth section initiation, and each section interval is 200 milliseconds in turn.

[0049] The above describes the utility model and its embodiments in a schematic manner, and the description is not restrictive, and the drawings only show one of the embodiments of the utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person of ordinary skill in the art is inspired thereby, without departing from the creative purpose of the utility model, similar structural modes and embodiments are designed without creativity, and all should belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A controlled charge structure for a medium-length blast hole, comprising a main blast hole (1) and a side hole (2), characterized in that: The main blast hole (1) is provided with two rows along the width direction of the roadway, each row is provided with a plurality of main blast holes (1), and the two sides of the main blast hole (1) are provided with side holes (2); The main blast hole (1) is provided with a plurality of cartridges (3) filled in sequence, and the upper end of the main blast hole (1) is filled with a main hole filling layer (11); one end of the cartridge (3) is inserted into a detonator (4), one end of the detonator (4) is connected with a detonator lead (5), and one end of the detonator lead (5) is led out of the main blast hole (1). The side hole (2) is divided into a first charge section (21), a first interval section (24), a second charge section (22), a second interval section (25), a third charge section (23) and a side hole filling layer (26) from bottom to top. The first charge section (21) and the second charge section (22) are separated by the first interval section (24), the second charge section (22) and the third charge section (23) are separated by the second interval section (25), and the upper end of the side hole (2) is filled with the side hole filling layer (26). The second charge section (22) is sequentially filled with three cartridges (3), and the third charge section (23) is sequentially filled with two cartridges (3). The first charge section (21) is sequentially filled with four cartridges (3), and the first charge section (21) is sequentially filled with four cartridges (3) from bottom to top, wherein the first cartridge and the third cartridge (3) are respectively inserted into a detonator (4), one end of the detonator (4) is connected with a detonator lead (5), one end of the detonator lead (5) is led out of the side hole (2), and the side hole (2) is further provided with a detonating cord (6).

2. A medium-length blasthole blasting controlled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the roadway is 6m, four blast holes with a diameter of 70mm are constructed in each row, and the depth is 6.8m, wherein the two holes in the middle position are main blast holes (1), and the positions away from the two sides of the roadway are side holes (2), and the side holes (2) include left and right side holes.

3. A medium-length blasthole blasting controlled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main blast hole (1) adopts continuous coupling charging, and the cartridges (3) in the main blast hole (1) are sequentially stacked with eleven cartridges, from bottom to top, wherein the first cartridge and the third cartridge (3) are respectively inserted into a detonator (4).

4. A medium-length blasthole blasting controlled charge structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cartridges (3) in the main blast hole (1) adopt No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with a diameter of 60mm, each cartridge has a length of 50cm and a weight of 1.5kg, the cartridges are charged from the bottom to the hole, reverse double detonators (4) are used for detonation, the detonator lead (5) is led out from the bottom of the explosive package, pressed on the side of the cartridge (3), led out of the hole, the total length of the cartridges (3) in the main blast hole (1) is 5.5m, and the length of the main hole filling layer (11) is 1.3m.

5. A medium-length blasthole blasting controlled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side hole (2) is interval section charging, and No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with a diameter of 60mm is used for charging from the bottom to the hole.

6. A medium-length blasthole blasting controlled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first interval section (24) and the second interval section (25) is 0.5m, and the thickness of the side hole filling layer (26) is 1.3m.

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