Welding structure for explosive welding of large-breadth composite tube plate

Abstract

The utility model provides a welding structure for explosive welding of a large-breadth composite tube plate, and relates to the technical field of explosive welding of metal composite plates. The lining plate is embedded in the blasting bed, and the upper surface of the lining plate is provided with a lining plate bearing surface; the lining plate bearing surface and the blasting bed bearing surface are coplanar and form a composite supporting surface together, and the composite supporting surface is used for supporting a base plate; the bottom of the foot pad is provided with a substrate abutting face used for abutting against the to-be-welded face of the substrate, and the top of the foot pad is provided with a covering plate supporting face used for supporting the covering plate. The explosive layer is arranged at the top of the covering plate, an exploder used for detonating is arranged in the explosive layer, the exploder is aligned with the geometric center of the covering plate, and the vertical projection of the exploder in the welding direction is overlapped with the lining plate; through a composite supporting surface formed by the lining plate pre-buried in the blasting bed and the blasting bed, the partition bearing of the blasting impact force is realized, and the deformation of the plate during the explosive welding of the large-breadth composite tube plate is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metal composite plate explosion welding, especially relates to a welding structure for large-format composite tube plate explosion welding. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of petrochemical industry, nuclear power and marine engineering, composite tube plate as a key pressure-bearing component needs to have high strength, corrosion resistance and high sealing performance. Traditional composite tube plate manufacturing adopts explosion welding technology, which realizes interface metallurgical bonding by driving the cladding plate to hit the base plate at high speed through explosive detonation. However, with the development of large-scale equipment, the demand for large-format composite tube plate has increased rapidly. Large-format composite tube plate usually refers to the composite tube plate with a diameter of more than 4600mm. During explosion welding, the explosion impact energy is highly concentrated at the center of initiation. The traditional explosion bed structure cannot effectively suppress the plastic collapse of the base plate at the center of explosion, and the deformation amount is difficult to predict, which greatly affects the quality of explosion composite and reduces the comprehensive performance of the composite tube plate.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a welding structure that can reduce the deformation amount of the plate during the explosion welding of the large-format composite tube plate and better adapt to the explosion welding of the large-format composite tube plate. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a welding structure for large-format composite tube plate explosion welding to solve the problems existing in the prior art and reduce the deformation amount of the plate during the explosion welding of the large-format composite tube plate.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme: a welding structure for large-format composite tube plate explosion welding is provided, which comprises:

[0006] An explosion bed has an explosion bed bearing surface on the top;

[0007] A backing plate is embedded in the explosion bed, and the upper surface of the backing plate has a backing plate bearing surface; the backing plate bearing surface and the explosion bed bearing surface are coplanar, and together they form a composite support surface for supporting the base plate;

[0008] A foot pad has a base plate abutting surface on the bottom for abutting with the welding surface of the base plate, and a cladding plate support surface on the top for supporting the cladding plate;

[0009] And an explosive layer is arranged on the top of the cladding plate, and an initiator for detonation is arranged in the explosive layer, the initiator is aligned with the geometric center of the cladding plate, and the vertical projection of the initiator along the welding direction overlaps with the backing plate.

[0010] As an embodiment, the outer edge of the backing plate is provided with a slope, the top of the slope extending to the backing plate bearing surface.

[0011] As an embodiment, the top of the slope is smoothly transitioned to the backing plate bearing surface by chamfering.

[0012] As an embodiment, the explosive bed is composed of sandy soil, the backing plate is a steel plate, and the backing plate is embedded in the explosive bed through a pre-pressing process.

[0013] As an embodiment, the geometric centers of the backing plate, the base plate, and the cover plate are collinear on the same vertical axis.

[0014] As an embodiment, the foot is a V-shaped foot, and the tip of the V-shaped foot is directed towards the geometric center on the base plate, the V-shaped surface at the bottom of the V-shaped foot is a base plate abutting surface, and the V-shaped surface at the top of the V-shaped foot is a cover plate supporting surface.

[0015] As an embodiment, a limiting stopper is further included, the limiting stopper being fixed to the top edge of the cover plate, and the limiting stopper enclosing an explosive containing area.

[0016] As an embodiment, the limiting stopper is spliced from paperboard, and the interfaces of the paperboard are sealed by adhesive tape.

[0017] As an embodiment, a detonator is further included, an explosive containing cavity is provided in the initiator, and the detonator is inserted into the explosive containing cavity.

[0018] A welding method for a welding structure for large-format composite pipe plate explosive welding, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, base plate pretreatment: leveling the base plate by a leveling machine to make the flatness of the base plate ≤1mm / m; polishing the base plate by a polishing device to make the smoothness of the base plate ≤2.0μm;

[0020] S2, cover plate pretreatment: leveling the cover plate by a leveling machine; polishing the cover plate by a polishing device to make the smoothness of the cover plate ≤1.6μm;

[0021] S3, composite support surface preparation: embedding a backing plate in an explosive bed to make the backing plate bearing surface and the explosive bed bearing surface coplanar, forming a composite support surface, and arranging the base plate on the composite support surface;

[0022] S4, setting a foot: arranging a foot on the base plate, the base plate abutting surface of the foot abutting the welding surface of the base plate; arranging the cover plate on the cover plate supporting surface of the foot to have a gap between the cover plate and the base plate;

[0023] S5, laying explosive layer: laying an explosive layer on the top of the cover plate, aligning the initiator with the geometric center on the cover plate, and the vertical projection of the initiator overlaps the backing plate.

[0024] The utility model has achieved the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0025] 1. The utility model can be adapted to large-format composite tube plate explosive welding, and the large-format tube plate after explosive welding has good flatness as a whole:

[0026] ①, central initiation:

[0027] The utility model adopts a central initiation mode, aligns the initiator with the geometric center of the cover plate, and makes the explosive energy fully and uniformly diffuse along the radial direction on the cover plate from the geometric center, so as to inhibit the asymmetric deformation of the periphery of the initiation point, and make the large-format composite tube plate have good uniformity and bonding strength at the bonding interface during explosive welding.

[0028] ②, composite support surface partition loading:

[0029] The composite support surface formed by the backing plate embedded in the explosion bed and the explosion bed realizes partition loading of explosive impact force; the projection of the initiator overlaps the backing plate, so that the explosive energy during initiation is concentrated on the backing plate support area, and the collapse deformation of the base plate at the explosive center is directly inhibited by the backing plate; the impact force at the edge of the explosion is absorbed by the explosion bed, thereby reducing the deviation of the overall flatness of the base plate and reducing the deformation amount of the plate during explosive welding of the large-format composite tube plate, so that the large-format composite tube plate after explosive welding has good flatness as a whole.

[0030] The other technical solutions of the utility model also have the following technical effects:

[0031] 2. The outer edge of the backing plate is provided with a slope, the top of the slope extends to the backing plate bearing surface, the top of the slope is transitioned to the backing plate bearing surface by a rounded corner, the rounded corner serves as a transition zone, stress concentration can be dispersed by the rounded corner, and the crystal boundary tearing or indentation defects caused by the right-angle edge during explosive welding are avoided.

[0032] 3. The explosion bed is composed of sandy soil, the backing plate is a steel plate, and the backing plate is embedded in the explosion bed through a pre-pressing process. In this way, the composite support interface formed by the backing plate embedded in the explosion bed and the flexible sandy soil explosion bed realizes partition loading of explosive impact force, including a rigid support area and a flexible support area. In the rigid support area, the collapse deformation of the base plate at the explosive center is directly inhibited by the backing plate due to the large rigidity of the backing plate; in the flexible energy absorption area, the sandy soil in the explosion bed absorbs the edge stress by deformation; the utility model reduces the overall flatness deviation of the base plate after explosive combination through rigid-flexible coupling support design. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liner plate of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the foot arrangement of this utility model.

[0037] Among them, 1. blasting bed; 2. liner; 3. foot pad; 4. explosive layer; 5. base plate; 6. cover plate; 7. detonator; 8. slope; 9. liner bearing surface; 10. limiting stop; 11. detonator. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] The embodiment provides a welding structure for large-breadth composite pipe plate explosion welding, and the large-breadth composite pipe plate refers to a composite pipe plate with a diameter exceeding 4600mm, which comprises an explosion bed 1, a lining plate 2, a foot pad 3 and an explosive layer 4, the explosion bed 1 serves as a bottom supporting structure, and an explosion bed bearing surface is arranged on the top of the explosion bed 1; the lining plate 2 is embedded in the explosion bed 1, and as an implementation form, the lining plate 2 is a rigid lining plate made of stainless steel material, the rigidity of the lining plate 2 is greater than that of the explosion bed 1, an upper surface of the lining plate 2 is provided with a lining plate bearing surface 9, the lining plate bearing surface 9 is coplanar with the explosion bed bearing surface, the lining plate bearing surface 9 and the explosion bed bearing surface jointly form a composite support surface, and the composite support surface is used for supporting a base plate 5. The bottom surface of the base plate 5 serves as a support surface, the bottom surface of the base plate 5 is in abutment with the lining plate bearing surface 9 and the explosion bed bearing surface at the same time, and the lining plate 2 and the explosion bed 1 can simultaneously support the base plate 5. The foot pad 3 is provided with a base plate abutment surface on the bottom, and the foot pad 3 is arranged on the welding surface of the base plate 5 through the base plate abutment surface. The foot pad 3 is provided with a cover plate support surface on the top, and the foot pad 3 is in abutment with a cover plate 6 through the cover plate support surface, as an implementation form, under the support of the foot pad 3, the cover plate 6 is parallel to the base plate 5, and a gap is formed between the cover plate 6 and the base plate 5. The explosive layer 4 is used for being arranged on the top of the cover plate 6, and a detonator is arranged in the explosive layer 4, the detonator is connected with explosives in the explosive layer 4; the detonator serves as an explosion point and is used for detonating the explosives in the explosive layer 4. A preset explosion point is arranged on the top surface of the cover plate 6, as an implementation form, the preset explosion point is located at the geometric center position of the top of the cover plate 6, and the detonator is vertically aligned with the preset explosion point on the cover plate 6. That is, the detonator is also vertically aligned with the geometric center of the cover plate 6. Moreover, a vertical downward projection of the detonator along a welding direction overlaps the lining plate 2. As an implementation form, the vertical downward projection of the detonator can completely fall on the lining plate 2.

[0040] Working principle: embed the backing plate 2 into the explosion bed 1, as an embodiment, embed the backing plate 2 in the center area of the explosion bed 1, make the backing plate bearing surface 9 of the backing plate 2 coplanar with the explosion bed bearing surface of the explosion bed 1, and form a composite support surface together. Place the base plate 5 horizontally on the composite support surface, and the bottom surface of the base plate 5 is in contact with the explosion bed 1 and the backing plate 2 at the same time; Place a plurality of feet 3 on the welding surface of the base plate 5, and the base plate abutting surface on the feet 3 is in contact with the welding surface of the base plate 5; Place the cover plate 6 on the cover plate support surface of the foot 3, and the projection of the cover plate 6 on the base plate 5 exceeds the edge of the base plate 5 by a predetermined distance; Arrange the explosive layer 4 on the cover plate 6, and make the initiator in the explosive layer 4 align with the geometric center of the cover plate 6, and the vertical downward projection of the initiator can overlap with the backing plate 2. In work, control the initiator to detonate, the initiator as the explosion center point, detonate the explosive layer 4, and the explosion composite instantaneously generates ultra-high pressure, so that the cover plate 6 collides with the base plate 5 at high speed, and the explosion welding is carried out, and the one-time explosion welding forming is realized; Because the explosion center has a large impact force, the part of the base plate 5 located in the explosion center is supported by the backing plate 2, the backing plate 2 can inhibit the collapse deformation of the base plate 5 in the explosion center area, reduce the deformation amount of the base plate 5, and reduce the plastic deformation amount at the initiation point; Ensure the flatness of the composite tube plate after explosion composite, and the explosion bed 1 has a flexible absorption capacity to reduce the stress concentration at the edge.

[0041] In this embodiment, the outer edge of the backing plate 2 is provided with a slope surface 8, and the top of the slope surface 8 extends to the backing plate bearing surface 9. When the cover plate 6 collides with the base plate 5 at high speed due to the ultra-high pressure generated in the explosion composite instant, the base plate 5 will also be forced to work downward after being impacted, and the backing plate 2 supports the base plate 5 rigidly. In the slope surface 8 area of the backing plate 2, the slope surface 8 allows the base plate 5 in the corresponding area to be buffered downward, so that the base plate 5 deforms to a certain extent.

[0042] In this embodiment, the top of the slope surface 8 is transitioned to the backing plate bearing surface 9 through a transition angle, which is preferably a fillet angle. There should be no obvious sharp corners and edges at the transition angle to avoid stress concentration. The fillet angle as a transition zone can disperse stress concentration and avoid crystal boundary tearing or indentation defects caused by right-angle edges during explosion welding. If the edge of the backing plate 2 is not polished and the slope surface 8 is not opened, the backing plate 2 and the base plate 5 will form longitudinal shearing, the base plate 5 will form indentation or internal grain structure is damaged, which seriously affects the performance of the base plate 5. By polishing the slope surface 8 and setting the fillet angle transition zone, the base plate 5 can be protected.

[0043] In the embodiment, the explosive bed 1 is composed of sand, the top of the explosive bed 1 can be compacted by a compaction machine, and the explosive bed 1 has a certain flexibility. The lining plate 2 is a steel plate, and the lining plate 2 is embedded in the explosive bed 1 by a pre-pressing process. Specifically, the lining plate 2 can be embedded in the explosive bed 1 by pressing. The lining plate 2 embedded in the explosive bed 1 and the flexible sand explosive bed 1 form a composite support surface, which realizes the partitioned bearing of the explosion impact force, including a rigid support area and a flexible energy absorption area. In the rigid support area, the lining plate has great rigidity, and the collapse deformation of the base plate 5 at the explosion center is directly inhibited by the lining plate 2. In the flexible energy absorption area, the sand of the explosive bed 1 absorbs the edge stress by deformation. Through the rigid-flexible coupling support design, the overall flatness deviation of the base plate 5 after explosion is reduced.

[0044] In the embodiment, the geometric center of the lining plate 2, the geometric center of the base plate 5, and the geometric center of the cover plate 6 are collinear on the same vertical axis. That is, the lining plate 2, the base plate 5, and the cover plate 6 are vertically aligned. In this way, the initiator can be aligned with the geometric center of the lining plate 2, and the center initiation mode is adopted. As an embodiment, the cross sections of the lining plate 2, the base plate 5, and the cover plate 6 are circular. The centers of the lining plate 2, the base plate 5, and the cover plate 6 are located on the same vertical axis. The diameter of the lining plate 2 can account for 10% to 20% of the diameter of the base plate 5. Of course, the ratio of the diameter of the lining plate 2 to the diameter of the base plate 5 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0045] In the embodiment, the structure of the foot pad 3 is V-shaped, forming a V-shaped foot pad, the tip of the V-shaped foot pad faces the geometric center of the base plate 5, and the V-shaped foot pad is horizontally arranged on the welding surface of the base plate 5. The V-shaped foot pad includes opposite V-shaped surfaces, namely a first V-shaped surface and a second V-shaped surface. The first V-shaped surface at the bottom of the V-shaped foot pad is arranged on the welding surface of the base plate 5, and the first V-shaped surface is a base plate abutting surface. The second V-shaped surface at the top of the V-shaped foot pad abuts against the cover plate 6, and the second V-shaped surface is a cover plate support surface. The V-shaped foot pad can stably support the cover plate 6. During explosive welding, the gas between the cover plate 6 and the base plate 5 is quickly discharged outward to ensure good welding effect. Since the tip of the V-shaped foot pad faces the explosion center, the V-shaped edge of the V-shaped foot pad can play a guiding role to ensure that the gas can be quickly discharged to the outside, reducing the defects of explosive welding. At the same time, the V-shaped foot pad at the edge can also timely discharge outward during explosive welding.

[0046] In the embodiment, a limiting stop piece 10 is arranged on the top of the cover plate 6. The limiting stop piece 10 is fixedly arranged at the edge position on the top of the cover plate 6, and the limiting stop piece 10 constitutes an explosive frame. As an embodiment, the limiting stop piece 10 is perpendicular to the top surface of the cover plate 6. The limiting stop piece 10 surrounds an explosive accommodating area. The explosive accommodating area is located on the top of the cover plate 6, and the explosive accommodating area is an axially sealed area. The explosive accommodating area is uniformly filled with explosives.

[0047] In the embodiment, the limiting stopper 10 is spliced by multiple paperboards, and the interfaces of the paperboards are sealed and fixed by adhesive tapes to avoid leakage of the explosive during later explosive laying. As an implementation form, the paperboards are perpendicular to the cover plate 6, and the range of the explosive accommodating area is consistent with the boundary of the cover plate 6.

[0048] In the embodiment, the initiator includes an initiator 7, and the initiator 7 is provided with an explosive accommodating cavity, a detonator 11 can be inserted into the explosive accommodating cavity, and the explosive in the explosive accommodating cavity can be detonated by the detonator 11. The detonator 11 is provided with a signal receiver, and the detonator 11 is a digital electronic detonator. The signal receiver in the digital electronic detonator can receive external signals and directly act on the detonating part of the digital electronic detonator to detonate the explosive in the explosive accommodating cavity, that is, the digital electronic detonator can be detonated in a remote control mode. As an implementation form, the initiator 7 includes a paper initiator, and the explosive accommodating cavity is arranged in the paper initiator. The diameter of the explosive accommodating cavity is 25 mm.

[0049] Embodiment two:

[0050] The embodiment provides a welding method for large-format composite pipe plate explosive welding, which applies the welding structure for large-format composite pipe plate explosive welding in the embodiment one and includes the following steps.

[0051] S1, base plate preparation: an ultra-wide steel plate meeting the standard requirements of GB / T713.2-2023 is produced by a high-precision, ultra-wide intelligent rolling mill; the diameter of the ultra-wide steel plate is often not less than 4600 mm, and the ultra-wide steel plate is used as the base plate 5;

[0052] S2, base plate pretreatment: a seven-roller leveling machine is used to perform leveling treatment on the base plate 5 to reach 1 mm / M, meeting the internal control requirements of the explosive welding quality; a 60-mesh abrasive belt is used to polish the base plate 5 to remove surface rust and oxide layers, and then a 100-mesh leaf wheel is selected for polishing to make the surface smoothness of the base plate 5 ≤2.0 μm;

[0053] S3, cover plate preparation: a full-automatic plasma + argon arc welding machine is used to splice multiple steel plates into a specified feeding size, and a louver is used to grind the welding seam to make it flush with the base material;

[0054] S4, cover plate pretreatment: the cover plate 6 is subjected to leveling treatment, and as an implementation form, the flatness of the cover plate 6 is ≤1 mm / m; an 80-mesh abrasive belt is used to polish the surface of the cover plate 6 to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the cover plate 6, and a straight polishing machine is used to polish the local slight scratches and pits, and then a 120-mesh leaf wheel is selected for polishing to make the surface smoothness of the cover plate 6 ≤1.6 μm and without local pits and pits;

[0055] S5, composite support surface preparation: embed the liner plate 2 in the blasting bed 1, so that the liner plate bearing surface 9 and the blasting bed bearing surface are coplanar, thereby forming a composite support surface; as an embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the liner plate 2 is circular, and the diameter of the liner plate 2 is 300 mm; further, a φ300mm liner plate 2 can be embedded in the center of the blasting bed 1, the outer edge of the liner plate 2 is polished with a 20° slope 8, and the slope 8 transitions to the liner plate bearing surface 9 through a fillet;

[0056] S6, placing the substrate: place the substrate 5 horizontally on the blasting bed 1, the substrate 5 is supported on the composite support surface, and the bottom of the substrate 5 is in contact with the blasting bed 1 and the liner plate 2 at the same time; clean the welding surface of the substrate 5 with acetone; as an embodiment, the geometric center of the liner plate 2 is vertically aligned with the geometric center of the substrate 5;

[0057] S7, setting the foot: set the foot 3 on the substrate 5, the substrate abutting surface of the foot 3 is in contact with the welding surface of the substrate 5; when the foot 3 is a V-shaped foot, the V-shaped foot is placed in a ring shape, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped foot is aligned with the geometric center of the substrate 5, and the adjacent V-shaped feet are spaced apart by 350 mm; as an embodiment, the V-shaped foot can be placed according to a first circular ring and a second circular ring respectively; the first circular ring is located outside the second circular ring, and the centers of the first circular ring and the second circular ring coincide with the geometric center of the substrate 5; when placing, the outermost V-shaped foot is not more than 5 mm away from the outer edge of the substrate 5;

[0058] S8, placing the cover plate: set the cover plate 6 on the foot 3 cover plate support surface, the cover plate 6 is parallel to the substrate 5, and there is a gap between the cover plate 6 and the substrate 5; as an embodiment, the gap is a space with uniform height, and the cover plate 6 uniformly exceeds the substrate 5 by a predetermined dimensional allowance on all sides; when hoisting the cover plate 6, 4 plate hangers are evenly distributed around the cover plate 6, and a vacuum chuck is used in the middle to cooperate, the cover plate 6 is hoisted to ensure the levelness of the cover plate 6, which is convenient for cleaning and will not cause local excessive bending leading to plastic deformation, and then the welding surface of the cover plate 6 is cleaned with acetone;

[0059] S9, laying the limiting stopper: laying the explosive layer 4 on the top of the cover plate 6, aligning the initiator with the geometric center on the cover plate 6, and the vertical projection of the initiator downward overlaps with the liner plate 2; as an embodiment, when laying the explosive layer 4, first arrange the limiting stopper 10, set a circle of limiting stoppers 10 on the outer periphery of the top surface of the cover plate 6 with paperboard and adhesive tape, which constitutes an explosive frame, the paperboard must be perpendicular to the cover plate 6, and the range of the explosive frame must be consistent with the boundary of the cover plate 6, the paperboard interface position must also be sealed with adhesive tape to avoid the leakage of explosives during later placement; then set the initiator 7 in the initiator at the geometric center position of the cover plate 6, the initiator 7 is a φ25mm paper initiator.

[0060] S10, laying explosive: configure the density 0.85~0.90g / cm 3 The explosive is used for explosive welding, has density 0.85~0.90g / cm, detonation velocity 2000~2100m / s and brisance about 9mm, and has good flowability.In the explosive frame, the explosive for explosive welding is placed, then a special tool is used to adjust the explosive laying height to a pre-calculated range, the explosive laying height in the range of 400mm from the edge of the cover plate 6 is reduced by 5~8mm, the bonding surface is fine and uniform, the probability of generating coarse corrugation is reduced, the explosive thinning amount at the edge position is effectively reduced, and the cover layer thickness of the whole plate is uniform.

[0061] S11, placing detonator: a small amount of high-brisance explosive is added to a paper initiator preset at the geometric center of the cover plate 6, then a digital electronic detonator is vertically placed at the center position of the high-brisance explosive, so that the energy-gathering hole at the bottom of the digital electronic detonator contacts the cover plate 6, and as an embodiment, the energy-gathering hole at the bottom of the digital electronic detonator abuts against the geometric center of the cover plate 6.

[0062] S12, explosive welding: the digital electronic detonator is ignited by remote control, and the explosive welding is completed.

[0063] The utility model also has the following advantages: 1, the utility model discloses a large -scale composite pipe adopts explosive welding method, and the production process of once explosive composite forming is used for petroleum, chemical industry, electric power, marine engineering and many application fields, and the large -scale, weld -free, high -strength, high -performance composite pipe plate produced by using this method reduces the production cost, also greatly improves the safety factor, avoids the performance reduction of weld position and the performance difference of the welding heat affected zone, and gives the leakage and failure risk of the whole equipment.

[0064] 2, the utility model discloses a large -scale composite pipe plate is once explosive forming, and the difficulty that may be encountered in the actual production process of large -scale composite pipe plate is judged in advance, and the prevention work is done, and the cost is low, and the efficiency is high, and after ultrasonic nondestructive testing, the combination rate reaches 99.9%, the detonator area is φ25mm, and subsequent processing can adopt the repair of surfacing, and the qualified rate reaches 100% when leaving the factory.

[0065] 3, the large -scale composite pipe plate produced by using the utility model is detected by mechanical property, and the shear strength is greater than or equal to 280Mpa, which far exceeds the requirement of 210Mpa in NB / T47002.1-2019.

[0066] 4. Because the bottom of the detonation point is protected against deformation by the liner plate 2, the plate can be leveled after the explosive welding to achieve a flatness of 2mm-3mm. This effectively reduces the difficulty of subsequent machining, turning, and drilling processes for the composite tube sheet, and also significantly reduces the extra cost of thickening the material to compensate for flatness deviations, thus achieving the goal of increasing efficiency and reducing costs. It has also been recognized and affirmed by machining manufacturers, with no issues of "tool seizure" or "tool breakage" occurring during the drilling process.

[0067] 5. By adopting the operational details and preventive control measures in the explosive welding process of this utility model, it is possible to process and form large-format explosively welded composite plates with a variety of material combinations.

[0068] Example 3:

[0069] A. Material Selection

[0070] Substrate selection: Substrate 5 is made of Q345R container steel plate, with specific dimensions of 43mm thickness and 4730mm diameter.

[0071] The cladding plate is selected as follows: cladding plate 6 is made of austenitic stainless steel S31603, with specific dimensions of 8mm thickness and 4780mm diameter.

[0072] B. Specific Production Methods

[0073] 1) The substrate 5 is hoisted to a seven-roll leveler for leveling to achieve a flatness of 1 mm / m. Then, 60-mesh sandpaper is used to remove rust and oxide scale from its surface. Subsequently, a 100-mesh flap wheel is used for polishing to achieve a surface finish of 1.6 to 1.8 μm, resulting in a substrate 5 ready for explosive bonding.

[0074] 2) Use a louver to grind both sides of the welded seam of the cladding plate 6 until it is flat with the base material. Use a leveling machine to level it. Use an 80-grit hand-push belt sander to remove the surface oxides on the mating surface of the cladding plate 6. The mating surface of the cladding plate 6 is the surface to be welded, exposing the metallic luster. Then polish it with a 120-grit flap wheel to make the surface finish meet the requirement of ≤1.6μm. At the same time, the mating surface must not have other surface defects such as oil stains, debris, pits, etc., to obtain a cladding plate 6 to be exploded and laminated.

[0075] 3) At the center of the prepared blasting bed 1, place a liner 2 with a diameter of 300mm and an edge with a ∠20° bevel. Cover it with a layer of fine sand about 5mm thick. Then place the substrate 5 horizontally on the blasting bed 1 with the center of the substrate 5 above the liner 2.

[0076] 4) Use 4 plate hooks and the middle vacuum suction cup to lift the cover plate 6 flat, and then clean the mating surface of the cover plate 6 with acetone.

[0077] 5) Clean the bonding surface of the substrate 5, which is the surface to be welded, with acetone, and then place V-shaped pads with a height of 12 mm uniformly around the bonding surface of the substrate 5. The V-shaped pads are arranged in a ring shape and are spaced 350 mm apart from each other. When placing the V-shaped pads around the periphery, the distance from the outer edge of the substrate 5 should not exceed 5 mm.

[0078] 6) Place the cover plate 6 with the bonding surface facing down on the V-shaped pads, and make sure that the edges of the cover plate 6 are uniformly above the surface of the substrate 5. Do not bring any other foreign matter into the bonding surface between the substrate 5 and the cover plate 6. Then, place the initiator at the center of the cover plate 6, which includes the initiator 7.

[0079] 7) Place a paperboard and adhesive tape around the periphery of the cover plate 6 to form an explosive frame with a height of not less than 70 mm. The paperboard should be perpendicular to the cover plate 6, and the range of the explosive frame should be consistent with the boundary of the cover plate 6. The interface position of the paperboard should also be sealed with adhesive tape. Then, place the special explosive with a detonation velocity of 2036 m / s, a brisance of 8.3 mm, and a density of 0.87 g / cm 3 in the explosive frame. The height of the explosive should be preset to 55 mm, and the height of the explosive within a range of 400 mm from the edge of the cover plate 6 should be appropriately lowered to 47-50 mm.

[0080] 8) Add a small amount of high-brisance explosive to the initiator 7 of the initiator placed in the cover plate 6, and then place a digital electronic detonator vertically at the center of the initiator 7, with the bottom energy concentration hole in contact with the cover plate 6. Then, detonate the digital electronic detonator to obtain a large-format composite tube plate formed by one-time explosion. The composite tube plate has a label of S31603+Q345R(8+43)*φ4730 mm.

[0081] Example Four

[0082] A. Material Selection

[0083] Substrate Selection: The substrate 5 is made of 16MnIII forged parts, with specific dimensions of 95 mm in thickness and 4830 mm in diameter.

[0084] Cover Plate Selection: The cover plate 6 is made of S31008 stainless steel, with specific dimensions of 6 mm in thickness and 4880 mm in diameter.

[0085] B. Specific Production Method

[0086] 1) Grind the substrate 5 with a 60-mesh abrasive belt to remove the turning marks, and then polish it with a 100-mesh chisel wheel to obtain a substrate 5 to be exploded.

[0087] 2) Use the louver to polish the weld of the assembled plate 6 to be even with the base material, use the leveling machine to level, use the 80 mesh hand-held sand belt machine to remove the surface oxide of the plate 6 joint surface, expose the metal gloss, then polish with 120 mesh louver, make the joint surface smoothness meet the requirement of ≤1.6 μm, at the same time, the joint surface should not have other surface defects such as oil stains, sundries, pits, etc., to obtain a plate 6 to be explosively compounded.

[0088] 3) In the center position of the prepared explosion bed 1, preset a slope 8 with ∠20° polished on the edge of the plate 2 with a diameter of 300 mm, lay a layer of fine sand with a thickness of about 5 mm on the plate 2, then place the base plate 5 horizontally on the explosion bed 1, and the center of the base plate 5 is above the plate 2.

[0089] 4) Use four plate hangers and a vacuum chuck in the middle to lift the plate 6 evenly, then clean the joint surface of the plate 6 with acetone.

[0090] 5) Clean the joint surface of the base plate 5 with acetone, then evenly lay V-shaped pads with a height of 10 mm, the V-shaped pads are arranged in a ring shape and spaced 350 mm apart from each other, and the periphery is arranged not more than 5 mm from the edge.

[0091] 6) Place the plate 6 with the joint surface downward above the V-shaped pads, and the plate surface of the plate 6 is evenly above the plate surface of the base plate 5, and at the same time, note that no other sundries are brought into the joint surface between the base plate 5 and the plate 6, then set the detonator 7 at the center position of the plate 6.

[0092] 7) Set a limit piece 10 with a height of not less than 70 mm around the periphery of the plate 6 placed in parallel with paperboard and adhesive tape, the limit piece 10 constitutes an explosive frame, the paperboard is required to be perpendicular to the plate 6, and the range of the explosive frame is consistent with the boundary of the plate 6, and the paperboard interface position is also closed with adhesive tape. Then lay the special explosive with a detonation velocity of 2010 m / s, a brisance of 8.0 mm, and a density of 0.85 g / cm 3 in the explosive frame, and the explosive height is preset to 46 mm, and the explosive height in the range of 400 mm from the edge of the plate is appropriately lowered to 38-41 mm.

[0093] 8) Add a small amount of high-brisance explosive to the preset detonator 7 of the plate 6, then vertically place the digital electronic detonator at the center position of the detonator 7, and the bottom energy-gathering hole is in contact with the plate 6. Then detonate the digital electronic detonator, to obtain a large-format one-time explosively formed composite tube plate, and the label of the composite tube plate is S31008+16MnⅢ(6+95)*φ4830 mm.

Claims

1. A weld structure for explosive welding of a large format composite tube sheet, characterized by, The application relates to a blasting bed (1) with a top provided with a blasting bed bearing surface; a lining plate (2) embedded in the blasting bed (1), the upper surface of the lining plate (2) being provided with a lining plate bearing surface (9); the lining plate bearing surface (9) and the blasting bed bearing surface are coplanar and jointly form a composite support surface for supporting a base plate (5); a foot pad (3) with a bottom provided with a base plate abutting surface for abutting against the surface to be welded of the base plate (5) and a top provided with a cover plate support surface for supporting a cover plate (6); and an explosive layer (4) arranged on the top of the cover plate (6), the explosive layer (4) being provided with an initiator for detonation, the initiator being aligned with the geometric center of the cover plate (6) and the vertical projection of the initiator along the welding direction overlapping the lining plate (2). The outer edge of the lining plate (2) is provided with a slope surface (8) extending to the lining plate bearing surface (9) on the top. The top of the slope surface (8) is smoothly connected to the lining plate bearing surface (9) through a chamfer. The blasting bed (1) is made of sand, the lining plate (2) is a steel plate, and the lining plate (2) is embedded into the blasting bed (1) through a pre-pressing process. The geometric centers of the lining plate (2), the base plate (5) and the cover plate (6) are collinear on the same vertical axis.

2. The weld structure for explosion welding of large format composite tube sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The foot pad (3) is a V-shaped foot pad, the tip of the V-shaped foot pad is directed to the geometric center on the base plate (5), the V-shaped surface on the bottom of the V-shaped foot pad is a base plate abutting surface, and the V-shaped surface on the top of the V-shaped foot pad is a cover plate support surface.

3. The weld structure for large format composite tube sheet explosive welding of claim 2, wherein, The application further comprises a limiting stopper (10) fixed to the top edge of the cover plate (6), the limiting stopper (10) surrounding an explosive accommodating area.

4. The weld structure for large format composite tube sheet explosive welding of claim 1, wherein, The limiting stopper (10) is made of paperboards, and the interfaces of the paperboards are sealed through adhesive tapes.

5. The weld structure for large format composite tube sheet explosive welding of claim 1, wherein, The application further comprises a detonator (11), the initiator is provided with an explosive accommodating cavity, and the detonator (11) is inserted into the explosive accommodating cavity.

6. The weld structure for large format composite tube sheet explosive welding of claim 1, wherein, ​ 7. The weld structure for large format composite tube sheet explosive welding of claim 1, wherein, ​ 8. The weld structure for large format composite tube sheet explosive welding of claim 7, wherein, ​ 9. The weld structure for large format composite tube sheet explosive welding of claim 1, wherein, ​

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