Brush motor with built-in Hall element
By embedding the Hall element inside the motor, an integrated design of the Hall element is achieved, solving the problems of easy damage from external installation and long-distance wiring. This improves the motor's environmental adaptability and signal stability, simplifies the installation process, enhances the motor's resistance to pollution and mechanical shock, and reduces the risk of electromagnetic interference.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520736622.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-18
AI Technical Summary
Hall effect sensors are easily damaged when installed externally on the motor, take up space, and long-distance wiring increases the risk of electromagnetic interference, affecting control stability. They also require separate calibration and maintenance.
By embedding the Hall element inside the motor and through integrated design, the Hall magnetic ring and sensor are closely matched, and the signal line and power line are integrated inside the motor. The back cover provides closed protection, reducing external interfaces and wiring.
It improves the environmental adaptability and signal stability of Hall elements, simplifies the installation process, enhances the motor's resistance to pollution and mechanical shock, reduces the risk of electromagnetic interference, and improves the reliability and ease of maintenance of control.
Smart Images
Figure CN223957412U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of motor especially relates to a brush motor with built-in hall element. BACKGROUND
[0002] At present, hall elements are generally installed outside motors in the motor industry, thus having the following defects: in some special harsh environments, the hall elements are easily damaged, for example, external hall elements are exposed to the environment and are easily affected by dust, moisture, oil stains or vibration, resulting in signal distortion or damage; external hall elements need to be independently installed and wired, thus occupying additional space and limiting the miniaturization of equipment; long-distance wiring increases the risk of electromagnetic interference, and the signal may be attenuated, affecting the control stability; external hall elements need to be calibrated and maintained separately. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides a brush motor with built-in hall elements.
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a brush motor with built-in hall elements, comprising a motor assembly, including a shell and a rotating shaft, the shell is provided with an installation cavity, and the rotating shaft is partially located in the installation cavity; a support, including an end face, the rotating shaft passes through the support, and the support is fixed to the inner wall of the shell; a hall assembly, including a hall magnetic ring, a hall sensor and a circuit board, the circuit board is arranged on the end face, the hall magnetic ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft located on the side of the end face, the hall sensor is arranged on the circuit board, and the hall sensor is located on the side of the hall magnetic ring and is arranged at a distance.
[0005] Preferably, the rotating shaft is provided with a front end and a rear cover, the rotating shaft extends from the front end and is rotatably arranged between the front end and the shaft sleeve, and the rear cover is used for covering one side of the end face; the front end and the shell are integrally or detachably installed.
[0006] Preferably, the rear cover and the shell have an installation gap, and the installation gap is coated with sealant.
[0007] Preferably, the hall assembly includes a signal line and a wire sleeve, the wire sleeve is arranged on the end face, the signal line is connected with the circuit board and extends out after penetrating into the wire sleeve.
[0008] Preferably, the hall magnetic ring and the rotating shaft are in interference fit, and the distance between the side surface of the hall magnetic ring and the hall sensor is not more than 1.5 mm.
[0009] Preferably, the motor assembly comprises a commutator and a brush box; the commutator and the brush box are arranged on the support and located at opposite sides of the end face, the commutator is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the carbon brush is located in the brush box and is pressed against the surface of the commutator by a spring.
[0010] Preferably, the motor assembly comprises an iron core, an armature winding and a magnetic sheet; the iron core is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the armature winding is arranged on the iron core in a winding manner and is in electrical communication with the commutator, and the magnetic sheet is located at the side of the iron core and is arranged in magnetic induction between the iron core and the magnetic sheet.
[0011] Preferably, the magnetic sheet is attached to the inner wall of the shell and is fixed by a snap spring.
[0012] Preferably, the motor assembly further comprises a power line, the power line is electrically connected with the carbon brush in the brush box, passes through the support and extends out of the shell, and is used for providing the required current for the armature winding.
[0013] Preferably, the signal line and the power line extend out of the rear cover.
[0014] The Hall element is integrated into the motor in the built-in design, the external installation requirement is eliminated, and the overall structure is more compact; the Hall element is protected by the motor shell, the anti-pollution and mechanical impact resistance are significantly enhanced; the short-distance wire arrangement is directly integrated to reduce interference, and signal transmission is more stable and reliable; the integrated design simplifies the installation process, and the Hall element does not need to be separately disassembled during maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic view of a rear cover in a brush motor with a built-in Hall element according to the present application;
[0016] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of a front cover in a brush motor with a built-in Hall element according to the present application;
[0017] Figure 3 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of a support in a brush motor with a built-in Hall element according to the present application;
[0018] Figure 4 FIG. 6 is a structural schematic view of a Hall assembly in a brush motor with a built-in Hall element according to the present application;
[0019] Figure 5 FIG. 7 is a structural schematic view of a commutator in a brush motor with a built-in Hall element according to the present application;
[0020] Figure 6 FIG. 8 is a structural schematic view of an armature winding in a brush motor with a built-in Hall element according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this utility model.
[0022] Example 1
[0023] This embodiment provides a brushed motor with a built-in Hall element. Through integrated design, it overcomes the shortcomings of traditional external Hall elements, improving environmental adaptability, signal stability, and ease of maintenance. The motor in this embodiment can be applied to range hoods. (Refer to...) Figures 1-6 The diagram illustrates that the brushed motor built into the Hall element includes a motor assembly 100, a bracket 200, a Hall element 300, a retaining ring 400, a power cord 500, a front end 600, and a rear cover 700. The bracket 200 is installed in the inner cavity, and the Hall element 300 is installed on the bracket 200, thus realizing the built-in Hall element.
[0024] More specifically, the motor assembly 100 includes a housing 101, a shaft 102, a commutator 103, a brush holder 104, a spring 105, an iron core 106, an armature winding 107, and a magnet 108.
[0025] The housing 101 has a mounting cavity, and the shaft 102 is partially located within the mounting cavity. The commutator 103 and brush holder 104 are mounted on the bracket 200 and located on opposite sides of the end face 201. The commutator 103 is sleeved on the shaft 102, and the carbon brushes in the brush holder 104 are pressed against the surface of the commutator 103 by a spring 105. The iron core 106 is sleeved on the shaft 102, and the armature winding 107 is wound on the iron core 106 and electrically connected to the commutator 103. A magnetic sheet 108 is located on the side of the iron core 106 and magnetically inductively connected between the two. The magnetic sheet 108 is attached to the inner wall of the housing 101 and fixed by a retaining spring 400.
[0026] Furthermore, the bracket 200 includes an end face 201, a rotating shaft 102 passes through the bracket 200, and the bracket 200 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 101.
[0027] The Hall component 300 includes a Hall magnetic ring 301, a Hall sensor 302, and a circuit board 303. The circuit board 303 is disposed on the end face 201. The Hall magnetic ring 301 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 102 located on the side of the end face 201. The Hall sensor 302 is disposed on the circuit board 303 and is located on the side of the Hall magnetic ring 301 and spaced apart.
[0028] In order to realize short distance wire arrangement, the Hall component 300 in the embodiment includes a signal line 304 and a wire sleeve 305; the wire sleeve 305 is arranged on the end face 201, the signal line 304 is connected with the circuit board 303 and extends out after penetrating into the wire sleeve 305.
[0029] Further, the Hall magnetic ring 301 is in interference fit with the rotating shaft 102, the side surface of the Hall magnetic ring 301 is not more than 1.5 mm apart from the surface of the Hall sensor 302.
[0030] In the embodiment, the power line 500 is electrically connected with the carbon brush in the brush box 104, extends out of the shell 101 through the support 200 and is used for providing the required current of the armature winding 107. It needs to be explained here that for the electrical connection between the power line 500 and the brush box 104 in the embodiment, the carbon brush is located in the brush box 104, and the power supply lead, i.e. the power line 500, is tin soldered with the carbon brush. The rotating shaft 102 extends out of the front end 600 and is rotatably arranged between the front end 600 and the bearing 601, and the rear cover 700 is used for covering one side of the end face 201, and the signal line 304 and the power line 500 extend out of the rear cover 700. The front end 600 is located in front of the shell 101, and the front end 600 and the shell 101 can be integrally arranged or detachably mounted.
[0031] In a popular way, the motor is riveted and fixed by the flat circular metal shell 101 and the iron cover, the front end 600 and the shell 101 are integrally arranged or detachably mounted, and the closed cavity is formed after the rear cover 700 is covered, mechanical support is provided and external pollutants are isolated. After the rear cover 700 covers one side of the end face 201, the rear cover 700 and the shell 101 have a mounting gap, the mounting gap is coated with sealing glue in the embodiment to realize the sealing of the gap and improve the sealing effect of the closure. The inner wall of the shell 101 and the magnetic sheet 108 are fixed by the two clamping springs 400, the magnetic sheet 108 generates a constant magnetic field and interacts with the armature winding 107 to drive rotation. The circuit board 303 is fixed on the support 200 of the motor by self-tapping screws and is tin soldered with the power supply lead. The Hall magnetic ring 301 is in interference fit with the rotating shaft 102 and closely contacts the oil baffle, and the surface spacing between the Hall magnetic ring 301 and the Hall sensor 302 is ≤1.5 mm, which ensures the sensitivity of the magnetic field detection. The carbon brush is pressed against the surface of the commutator 103 in the brush box 104 by the spring 105, the spring 105 is fixed on the spring column of the support 200 and is connected in loose fit. The commutator 103 is in tight fit with the rotating shaft 102 and has a columnar structure. The rotating shaft 102 is installed on the central axis of the shell 101 through the bearing 601 and rotates around the axis after being electrified, and outputs the rotating torque.
[0032] It should be noted that the brush motor with the built-in Hall element in the embodiment is intended to the structure of the Hall element installed inside the motor. The specific implementation principle of the motor and the working principle of the Hall element itself, such as how the Hall sensor is used to detect the change of the magnetic field, how the carbon brush in the commutator 103 and the brush box 104 is turned, the control of the signal, the layout of the circuit, and the like, all belong to the existing technology. Those skilled in the art can implement it by referring to the existing technology, and it also belongs to non-essential technical features, so it is not described in detail.
[0033] The basic structure of the embodiment is as follows:
[0034] The motor assembly 100 includes a shell 101 and a rotating shaft 102. The shell 101 is provided with a mounting cavity, and the rotating shaft 102 is partially located in the mounting cavity. The bracket 200 includes an end face 201, and the rotating shaft 102 passes through the bracket 200 and is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 101. The Hall assembly 300 includes a Hall magnetic ring 301, a Hall sensor 302, and a circuit board 303. The circuit board 303 is fixed to the end face 201, the Hall magnetic ring 301 is sleeved on the end face side of the rotating shaft 102, and the Hall sensor 302 is installed on the circuit board 303 and is arranged at a distance of ≤1.5 mm from the side surface of the Hall magnetic ring 301 for detecting the change of the magnetic field.
[0035] The optimization design of the embodiment is as follows:
[0036] Signal transmission protection: the signal line 304 passes out through the wire sleeve 305 to prevent cable wear.
[0037] High-precision fit: the Hall magnetic ring 301 is interference-fitted with the rotating shaft 102 to ensure signal stability. Commutation and power supply integration: the commutator 103 and the brush box 104 are arranged on the opposite sides of the end face of the bracket 200, and the carbon brush in the brush box 104 is pressed against the commutator 103 by the spring 105 to realize stable conduction. Magnetic circuit optimization: the iron core 106, the armature winding 107, and the magnetic sheet 108 work cooperatively, and the magnetic sheet 108 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 101 by the snap spring 400 to enhance the magnetic field. Protection and wiring: the rear cover 700 seals the shell 101, and the signal line 304 and the power supply line 500 are concentratedly passed out from the rear cover 700 to improve the sealing performance and compactness.
[0038] The assembly process of the embodiment is as follows:
[0039] The iron core 106 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 102, the armature winding 107 is wound, and the commutator 103 is connected. The magnetic sheet 108 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 101 by the snap spring 400, and forms a closed magnetic circuit with the iron core 106. The bracket 200 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 101, the commutator 103 and the brush box 104 are installed on one side of the bracket 200, and the carbon brush in the brush box 104 is pressed against the commutator 103 by the spring 105. The Hall magnetic ring 301 is interference-fitted on the rotating shaft 102, the circuit board 303 is fixed to the end face 201 of the bracket 200, and the Hall sensor 302 is spaced apart from the side surface of the magnetic ring 301 by 0.5 mm. The signal line 304 and the power line 500 pass out through the wire sleeve 305 and the rear cover 700 respectively, and the rear cover 700 seals the shell 101.
[0040] The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
[0041] The power line 500 inputs current, which is transmitted to the commutator 103 through the carbon brush in the brush box 104, to drive the armature winding 107 to rotate. The Hall magnetic ring 301 rotates with the rotating shaft 102, the Hall sensor 302 detects the change of the magnetic field and outputs a signal, which is transmitted to an external controller through the signal line 304, to realize closed-loop control.
[0042] The embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
[0043] High integration and miniaturization: embedding the Hall element into the motor body reduces external components and is suitable for space-sensitive fields. Enhanced environmental adaptability: the closed structure makes the motor suitable for harsh environments (such as industrial workshops and outdoor equipment), prolonging the service life of the sensor. Improved signal stability: the Hall element is close to the magnetic field source, reducing external noise interference, improving the stability of position and speed detection, and optimizing control performance. Simplified system design: reducing external wiring and interfaces, reducing system complexity, facilitating integration into automation or Internet of Things systems, and eliminating the need for separate Hall element procurement, installation and calibration operations. Reliability and durability: reducing the risk of external physical damage and improving the stability of the motor under long-term vibration or high load conditions.
[0044] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, based on the above description and ideas, other different forms of changes or modifications can also be made, which do not need to be or cannot be exhaustively listed here. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the technical solutions of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A brushed motor with a built-in Hall element, characterized in that: include, The motor assembly (100) includes a housing (101) and a rotating shaft (102), wherein the housing (101) has a mounting cavity and the rotating shaft (102) is partially located within the mounting cavity; A bracket (200) includes an end face (201), the rotating shaft (102) passes through the bracket (200), and the bracket (200) is fixed to the inner wall of the housing (101); The Hall effect assembly (300) includes a Hall magnetic ring (301), a Hall sensor (302), and a circuit board (303). The circuit board (303) is disposed on the end face (201). The Hall magnetic ring (301) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (102) located on the side of the end face (201). The Hall sensor (302) is disposed on the circuit board (303) and is located on the side of the Hall magnetic ring (301) and spaced apart.
2. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the front end (600) and the back cover (700); The rotating shaft (102) extends from the front end (600) and is rotatably connected to the front end (600) via a bearing (601). The rear cover (700) is used to cover one side of the end face (201). The front end (600) and the housing (101) are either integrally installed or detachably installed.
3. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is an installation gap between the rear cover (700) and the housing (101), and the installation gap is coated with sealant.
4. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Hall effect assembly (300) includes a signal line (304) and a cable sheath (305); The cable sheath (305) is disposed on the end face (201), and the signal line (304) is connected to the circuit board (303) and extends out after passing through the cable sheath (305).
5. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Hall magnetic ring (301) and the rotating shaft (102) are interference-fitted, and the distance between the side of the Hall magnetic ring (301) and the Hall sensor (302) is no more than 1.5 mm.
6. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motor assembly (100) includes a commutator (103) and a brush holder (104); The commutator (103) and the brush holder (104) are disposed on the bracket (200) and located on opposite sides of the end face (201). The commutator (103) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (102), and the carbon brush is located in the brush holder (104). The carbon brush is pressed against the surface of the commutator (103) by a spring (105).
7. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 6, characterized in that: The motor assembly (100) includes an iron core (106), an armature winding (107), and a magnetic sheet (108); The iron core (106) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (102), the armature winding (107) is wound on the iron core (106) and electrically connected to the commutator (103), and the magnetic sheet (108) is located on the side of the iron core (106) and magnetically inductively connected between the two.
8. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The magnetic sheet (108) is attached to the inner wall of the housing (101) and fixed by a snap ring (400).
9. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a power cord (500), which is electrically connected to the carbon brush in the brush holder (104), passes through the bracket (200), and extends out of the housing (101) to provide the current required by the armature winding (107).
10. The brushed motor with a built-in Hall element according to claim 9, characterized in that: The signal line (304) and the power line (500) extend from the rear cover (700).