System based on coated optical fiber atomic gas chamber probe
By using a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe, the problems of electromagnetic interference and insufficient integration in traditional microwave measurements have been solved, achieving high-precision, disturbance-free quantum microwave measurements and enhancing the probe's integration and optical path length.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
Traditional microwave measurement methods are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, which affects measurement accuracy. Furthermore, their integration level is low, making it difficult to meet high-precision requirements. Existing probes are also large in size and have short optical paths.
A coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe is used, which utilizes a high-reflectivity film to reflect the probe light and coupling light within the atomic gas cell, reducing the need for reciprocating transmission. The integrated design increases the optical path.
It achieves high-precision microwave measurement that is undisturbed and traceable, reduces probe size, increases optical path, and improves sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio.
Smart Images
Figure CN223966643U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of quantum microwave measurement technology, and in particular to a system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of quantum measurement technology, microwave measurement has always been a key research focus. Traditional microwave measurement methods often face some insurmountable limitations. Electrically based microwave measurements are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, and during high-precision measurements, the measurement process may disturb the measured microwave field, thus affecting the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. At the same time, traditional measurement methods are insufficient in terms of traceability and self-calibration, making it difficult to meet the growing demand for high-precision and high-stability microwave measurements. Quantum microwave measurement technology based on Rydberg atoms has emerged in this context. Rydberg atoms have a unique atomic energy level structure, and when their outermost electrons are excited to a highly excited state, they exhibit a series of special physical properties. This gives quantum microwave measurement technology based on Rydberg atoms significant advantages such as being disturbance-free, traceable, and self-calibrated. In this quantum microwave measurement system, the atomic gas cell probe plays a crucial role. As the core component of system integration, it is a key link in realizing quantum microwave measurement based on Rydberg atoms.
[0003] In existing technologies, right-angle prisms or dichroic mirrors are generally used to achieve the opposite transmission of probe light and coupling light. This increases the overall size of the probe, results in a low degree of integration, and leads to the problem of short interaction optical paths.
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe. Utility Model Content
[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model proposes a system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas chamber probe.
[0006] This utility model proposes a system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe, which includes a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe body.
[0007] The first port of the optical fiber is used to detect the optical input;
[0008] The second fiber optic port is used for coupling optical input.
[0009] An atomic gas chamber body, wherein one surface of the interior of the atomic gas chamber body is coated with a high-reflectivity film, the interior of the atomic gas chamber body is filled with vapor gas, and the high-reflectivity film is used to reflect the probe light or simultaneously reflect the probe light and the coupling light;
[0010] Both the first and second optical fiber ports are located on the side wall of the atomic gas chamber.
[0011] As a further optimization of this utility model, the steam gas is rubidium steam or cesium steam.
[0012] As a further optimization of this utility model, when the vapor is rubidium vapor, the wavelength of the probe light input at the first port of the optical fiber is ~780nm, and the wavelength of the coupling light input at the corresponding second port of the optical fiber is ~480nm.
[0013] As a further optimization of this utility model, when the vapor is cesium vapor, the wavelength of the probe light input at the first port of the optical fiber is ~852nm; the wavelength of the coupling light input at the corresponding second port of the optical fiber is ~509nm.
[0014] As a further optimization of this utility model, the atomic gas chamber is a cube or cuboid, and the material of the atomic gas chamber includes, but is not limited to, high borosilicate glass and quartz glass.
[0015] As a further optimization of this utility model, the high-reflectivity film of the atomic gas chamber has high reflectivity in both the coupling light and the probe light bands, or high reflectivity only in the probe light band.
[0016] As a further optimization of this utility model, the first optical fiber port and the second optical fiber port adopt single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber with beam collimation output function.
[0017] As a further optimization of this utility model, the single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber is assembled from a graded refractive index lens, a ferrule, and a ferrule with a pigtail.
[0018] As a further optimization of this utility model, the system based on the coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe has the end face of the ferrule tilted at a predetermined angle and is fixed to the connection surface between the components of the atomic gas cell probe by means of ultraviolet curing optical adhesive.
[0019] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0020] 1. Based on the principle of total internal reflection, a high-reflectivity film is coated on one side of the atomic gas chamber, which can realize the coupling light and the probe light entering from the same side. It can achieve reflection without prism, reduce the size of the probe package, make it lighter and more convenient, and facilitate integration.
[0021] 2. The optical path of the Rydberg atom-laser interaction does not depend on the length of the atomic gas chamber and can achieve an interaction optical path that is more than twice that of the atomic gas chamber. Under the same conditions, higher sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system of a coated fiber optic atomic gas chamber probe proposed in this utility model.
[0023] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the back structure.
[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the device connection for a system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas chamber probe proposed in this utility model.
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the electromagnetically induced transparency principle of this utility model.
[0026] Figure 5 This is a planar schematic diagram of a double-sided coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe proposed in this utility model.
[0027] Reference numerals: 100, Coated fiber atomic gas cell probe body; 101, First fiber port; 102, Second fiber port; 103, Atomic gas cell body; 104, High-reflection film. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.
[0029] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention proposes a system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe, which includes a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe body 100.
[0030] The first optical fiber port 101 is used to detect the optical input.
[0031] The second fiber optic port 102 is used for coupling optical input.
[0032] The atomic gas chamber 103 has a high-reflectivity film 104 coated on one surface inside the atomic gas chamber 103. The atomic gas chamber 103 is filled with vapor, and the high-reflectivity film 104 is used to reflect the probe light or simultaneously reflect the probe light and the coupling light.
[0033] Both the first optical fiber port 101 and the second optical fiber port 102 are located on the side wall of the atomic gas chamber 103, preferably on the same side wall. As a further preferred option, they can be located on opposite side walls.
[0034] In a specific embodiment, the vapor is preferably rubidium vapor or cesium vapor.
[0035] In a specific embodiment, when the vapor is rubidium vapor, the wavelength of the probe light input to the first port 101 of the optical fiber is ~780nm, and the wavelength of the coupling light input to the corresponding second port 102 of the optical fiber is ~480nm.
[0036] In a specific embodiment, when the vapor is selected as cesium vapor, the wavelength of the probe light input to the first port 101 of the optical fiber is ~852nm; the wavelength of the coupling light input to the corresponding second port 102 of the optical fiber is ~509nm.
[0037] It should be noted that the vapor is preferably rubidium vapor or cesium vapor. These two types of vapor have unique atomic energy level structures in quantum microwave measurements, which can interact with probe light and coupling light of specific wavelengths, thereby realizing quantum microwave measurements based on Rydberg atoms.
[0038] When the vapor is rubidium vapor, the wavelength of the probe light input at the first port 101 of the optical fiber is about 780 nm, and the wavelength of the coupling light input at the second port 102 of the optical fiber is about 480 nm. This wavelength combination can effectively excite the energy level transition of rubidium atoms and realize the preparation of Rydberg atoms.
[0039] When the vapor medium is cesium vapor, the wavelength of the probe light input from the first port 101 of the optical fiber is approximately ~852nm, and the corresponding wavelength of the coupling light input from the second port 102 of the optical fiber is approximately ~509nm. Similarly, these wavelengths are selected based on the energy level characteristics of cesium atoms to ensure that accurate quantum microwave measurement-related operations can be achieved in a cesium vapor environment.
[0040] In a specific embodiment, the atomic gas chamber 103 is a cube or cuboid, and the material of the atomic gas chamber 103 includes, but is not limited to, high borosilicate glass and quartz glass.
[0041] It should be noted that these materials were chosen because they have excellent optical properties, ensuring the transmission quality of the probe light and coupling light within the gas chamber. They also have good compatibility with atomic vapor and will not react chemically with the vapor, thus affecting the measurement. High borosilicate glass has high thermal and chemical stability, while quartz glass has excellent optical transmittance.
[0042] In a specific embodiment, the high-reflectivity film 104 of the atomic gas chamber 103 has a high reflectivity in both the coupling light and the probe light bands, or has a high reflectivity only in the probe light band. Preferably, for the rubidium-filled atomic gas chamber 103, a 480-780nm full-band high-reflectivity film 104 can be deposited, or only a 780nm band high-reflectivity film 104 can be deposited; for the cesium-filled atomic gas chamber 103, a 509-852nm full-band high-reflectivity film 104 can be deposited, or only an 852nm band high-reflectivity film 104 can be deposited.
[0043] The surface inside the atomic gas chamber 103, coated with a high-reflectivity film 104, is used to reflect the probe light or simultaneously reflect the probe light and the coupling light. That is, the probe light input at the first port 101 of the optical fiber is reflected by the high-reflectivity film 104 of the atomic gas chamber 103, deflected at the same angle as the incident angle, and then coupled into the second port 102 of the optical fiber for output.
[0044] In a specific embodiment, the first optical fiber port 101 and the second optical fiber port 102 are single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fibers with beam collimation output function.
[0045] In a specific embodiment of the system based on the coated fiber atomic gas cell probe, the optical fibers set at the first optical fiber port 101 and the second optical fiber port 102 are single-mode polarization-maintaining fibers with beam collimation output function. They are assembled using a graded refractive index lens, a ferrule, and a ferrule with a pigtail. When connecting these components, ultraviolet-cured optical adhesive is used.
[0046] It should be noted that the first optical fiber port 101 and the second optical fiber port 102 are equipped with single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fibers with beam collimation output function. This type of optical fiber can ensure that light is transmitted in a specific mode, reduce the mode dispersion problem of light during transmission, and improve the transmission efficiency and quality of light. The beam collimation output function enables the light emitted from the optical fiber to maintain good directionality, which facilitates effective interaction with atomic vapor in the atomic gas chamber. At the same time, the single-mode polarization-maintaining characteristic helps to maintain the stability of the polarization state of light, which is very important in quantum-based measurements, because changes in polarization state may affect the effect of interaction with atomic energy levels, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement.
[0047] In a specific embodiment, the end face of the insert sleeve is tilted at a predetermined angle, and the connection surfaces between the components of the atomic gas chamber probe are fixed by using ultraviolet-cured optical adhesive.
[0048] It should be noted that the inclined design of the ferrule end face is to better adapt to the shape or optical path design of the atomic gas chamber 103, making the connection between the optical fiber and the atomic gas chamber 103 tighter and more reasonable. By bonding the ferrule to the atomic gas chamber 103 and other components with UV-cured optical adhesive, the relative positions between the components can be effectively fixed, preventing the components from shifting due to vibration or other factors during use. This ensures the stability and reliability of the coated fiber atomic gas chamber probe body 100, and ensures the accuracy and repeatability of quantum microwave measurement.
[0049] It should be noted that: the first port 101 of the optical fiber is connected to the probe light and is used as the probe light input; the second port 102 of the optical fiber is connected to the coupling light and is used as the coupling light input; the second port 102 of the optical fiber is also used as the probe light output and is connected to the photodetector to realize photoelectric signal conversion; the photodetector is connected to the oscilloscope for monitoring the EIT signal.
[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the probe laser and the coupling laser complete the excitation of |1>→|2> and |2>→|3> respectively, where |1> represents the ground state, |2> represents an intermediate state, and |3> represents the Rydberg state. The Rydberg atom can be prepared through this dual-field stepwise excitation mechanism.
[0051] For alkali metal rubidium (Rb) atoms, stepwise excitation using a 780 nm probe laser and a 480 nm coupling laser can achieve transitions from the ground state |1> to the intermediate state |2> to the Rydberg state |3>. Different Rydberg states |3> correspond to different wavelengths of the coupling light. In this step-type three-level system, by adjusting the power of the two laser beams, under the action of the weak probe laser and the strong coupling laser, scanning the coupling laser or the probe laser can achieve electromagnetically induced transparency of the Rydberg atom to the probe light, i.e., EIT spectrum.
[0052] It should be further explained that: using X-ray optical simulation technology, the coating on both sides of the atomic gas chamber 103 is simulated. The atomic gas chamber 103 has a size of 30*30*30mm; multiple reflections can be achieved, thus achieving a longer interaction optical path.
[0053] As a further implementation, the first optical fiber port 101 and the second optical fiber port 102 are respectively the input ports for the probe light and the coupling light. The surfaces of the two sidewalls inside the atomic gas chamber 103 are coated with a high-reflectivity film 104, thereby forming a high-reflectivity film surface. One side of the high-reflectivity film surface covers the entire side of the atomic gas chamber 103, i.e., 30*30mm, while the other side of the high-reflectivity film surface only covers a part of the atomic gas chamber 103, which is designed to be 20*30mm.
[0054] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be included within its protection scope. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.
Claims
1. A system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe, comprising a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe body (100), characterized in that: The first port of the optical fiber (101) is used to detect the optical input; The second fiber optic port (102) is used for coupling optical input; An atomic gas chamber (103) has a high-reflectivity film (104) coated on one surface inside the atomic gas chamber. The atomic gas chamber (103) is filled with vapor, and the high-reflectivity film (104) is used to reflect the probe light or simultaneously reflect the probe light and the coupling light. Both the first optical fiber port (101) and the second optical fiber port (102) are located on the side wall of the atomic gas chamber (103).
2. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vapor is rubidium vapor or cesium vapor.
3. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the vapor is rubidium vapor, the probe light wavelength input to the first port (101) of the optical fiber is ~780nm, and the corresponding coupling light wavelength input to the second port (102) of the optical fiber is ~480nm.
4. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the vapor is selected as cesium vapor, the wavelength of the probe light input to the first port (101) of the optical fiber is ~852nm; the wavelength of the coupling light input to the corresponding second port (102) of the optical fiber is ~509nm.
5. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atomic gas chamber (103) is a cube or cuboid, and the material of the atomic gas chamber (103) includes, but is not limited to, high borosilicate glass and quartz glass.
6. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-reflectivity film (104) of the atomic gas chamber (103) is highly reflective in both the coupling light and the probe light bands, or highly reflective only in the probe light band.
7. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first optical fiber port (101) and the second optical fiber port (102) are equipped with single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fibers with beam collimation output function.
8. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 7, characterized in that, The single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber is assembled from a graded-index lens, a ferrule, and a ferrule with a pigtail.
9. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 8, characterized in that, The end face of the insert sleeve is tilted at a predetermined angle.
10. The system based on a coated fiber optic atomic gas cell probe according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connection surfaces between the components of the atomic gas chamber probe are bonded and fixed using ultraviolet-cured optical adhesive.