Rotor, motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment
By optimizing the rotor lamination design, especially by setting end slots of permanent magnets with different widths and fractured magnetic bridges, the problem of improving the energy efficiency of permanent magnet motors has been solved, achieving low-cost motor energy efficiency improvement.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520370311.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-04
AI Technical Summary
The efficiency of existing permanent magnet motors has reached a bottleneck, making it difficult to improve the motor's energy efficiency ratio at low cost.
By optimizing the rotor lamination design, including setting end slots of permanent magnets with different widths and fractured magnetic bridges, the angle between permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque is reduced, the magnetic field distribution is optimized, and winding losses are reduced.
It improves the motor's output torque and energy efficiency ratio, reduces manufacturing difficulty and cost, and enhances the overall efficiency of the motor.
Smart Images
Figure CN223967712U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and in particular to a rotor, motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment. Background Technology
[0002] With increasingly stringent requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, the demands on air conditioner energy efficiency are also rising. As one of the main components of an air conditioner, the compressor's energy efficiency directly impacts the overall air conditioner energy efficiency. The motor, as a crucial component of the compressor, is one of the primary means of improving air conditioner energy efficiency. Currently, the efficiency of permanent magnet motors has reached a bottleneck, and conventional methods are insufficient to significantly improve the motor's energy efficiency ratio at low cost. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a rotor, motor, compressor, and refrigeration equipment, which aims to improve the output torque of the motor and increase its energy efficiency ratio.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the rotor proposed in this utility model comprises:
[0005] The rotor core comprises a plurality of rotor laminations stacked axially. Each rotor lamination includes a first lamination and a second lamination. The first lamination has a plurality of first permanent magnet slots, and the second lamination has a plurality of second permanent magnet slots. Each first permanent magnet slot includes a first main slot and two first end slots that are connected to each other. The two first end slots are located at opposite ends of the first main slot. Each second permanent magnet slot includes a second main slot and a second end slot that are connected to each other. Each second end slot includes a main end slot and a secondary end slot that are located at opposite ends of the second main slot. The maximum width of the main end slot along the circumferential direction of the second lamination is W1, and the maximum width of the secondary end slot along the circumferential direction of the second lamination is W2. At least one of the two first end slots of the same first permanent magnet slot is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination, where W1 > W2.
[0006] In one embodiment, the area of the main end slot is larger than the area of the secondary end slot, and the main end slot of the same second permanent magnet slot is located on the side of the rotor's rotation direction of the secondary end slot.
[0007] In one implementation, W1 / W2 ≥ 1.2.
[0008] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between two adjacent second permanent magnet slots along the circumferential direction of the second lamination is W3, where 0.4 ≤ W3 ≤ 1.
[0009] In one embodiment, the second lamination is provided with a plurality of magnetic bridges, and two adjacent slots of the second permanent magnet are separated by the magnetic bridges.
[0010] In one embodiment, the first end slot and / or the second end slot extend along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination.
[0011] In one embodiment, the plurality of first laminations are located on one side of the plurality of second laminations.
[0012] In one embodiment, a plurality of first laminations and a plurality of second laminations are alternately stacked one on top of the other along the axial direction.
[0013] In one embodiment, the total thickness of the rotor core in the axial direction is H1, the sum of the thicknesses of the plurality of first laminations is H2, and 0.1≤H2 / H1≤0.8.
[0014] In one embodiment, the first lamination and / or the second lamination are provided with magnetic isolation grooves, which are located on the side of the first permanent magnet groove or the second permanent magnet groove near the outer periphery of the rotor lamination.
[0015] In one embodiment, the rotor further includes rivets, and the first lamination and / or the second lamination are provided with rivets, which are located on the side of the first permanent magnet slot or the second permanent magnet slot near the outer periphery of the rotor lamination.
[0016] This utility model also proposes an electric motor, including the rotor described above.
[0017] This utility model also proposes a compressor, including the motor described above.
[0018] This utility model also proposes a refrigeration device, including the compressor described above.
[0019] The rotor core of this invention comprises multiple rotor laminations stacked axially. Each rotor lamination includes a first lamination and a second lamination. At least one first end slot in each group of first end slots on the first lamination is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination. This reduces the angle between the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque by breaking the magnetic bridge on the first lamination, thereby increasing the motor's output torque and thus improving the motor's energy efficiency ratio and efficiency. Furthermore, by making the maximum width W1 of the main end slot on the same second lamination greater than the maximum width W2 of the secondary end slot (i.e., setting the two end slots at both ends of the second permanent magnet slot on the second lamination to be of different sizes), the phase angles of the reluctance torque and permanent magnet torque in the motor's overall torque are brought closer, reducing the angle between them and thus increasing the motor's combined torque, thereby reducing winding losses and further improving the motor's energy efficiency ratio and efficiency. By optimizing the technical solutions for the first end slot, main end slot, and secondary end slot, the motor's energy efficiency ratio can be improved without replacing expensive rotor materials, achieving a low-cost increase in output torque, energy efficiency ratio, and efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first lamination in one embodiment of the rotor provided by this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second lamination in one embodiment of the rotor provided by this utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 A side view of one embodiment of the rotor provided by this utility model;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view of the rotor embodiment two provided by this utility model;
[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the motor structure provided by this utility model;
[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the compressor provided by this utility model;
[0027] Figure 7A schematic diagram showing the torque variation of the motor provided by this utility model under different angles between permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque;
[0028] Figure 8 Motor efficiency diagrams of the motor at different speeds provided by this utility model;
[0029] Figure 9 The energy efficiency diagram of the motor provided by this utility model at different speeds.
[0030] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0031] 1. Motor; 11. First lamination; 111. First permanent magnet slot; 111a. First main body slot; 111b. First end slot; 12. Second lamination; 121. Second permanent magnet slot; 121a. Second main body slot; 121b. Second end slot; 121c. Main end slot; 121d. Secondary end slot; 122. Magnetic bridge; 13. Magnetic isolation slot; 14. Rivet slot; 15. Flow hole; 16. Shaft hole; 20. Permanent magnet; 30. Stator.
[0032] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0034] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0035] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model proposes a rotor, comprising:
[0037] The rotor core comprises a plurality of rotor laminations stacked axially. Each rotor lamination includes a first lamination 11 and a second lamination 12. The first lamination 11 has a plurality of first permanent magnet slots 111, and the second lamination 12 has a plurality of second permanent magnet slots 121. Each first permanent magnet slot 111 includes a first main body slot 111a and two first end slots 111b, which are connected to each other. The two first end slots 111b are located at opposite ends of the first main body slot 111a. Each second permanent magnet slot 121 includes a second main body slot 121a and a second end slot, which are connected to each other. 121b, the second end groove 121b includes a main end groove 121c and a secondary end groove 121d. The main end groove 121c and the secondary end groove 121d are located at both ends of the second main body groove 121a. The maximum width of the main end groove 121c along the circumferential direction of the second lamination 12 is W1, and the maximum width of the secondary end groove 121d along the circumferential direction of the second lamination 12 is W2. At least one of the two first end grooves 111b of the same first permanent magnet groove 111 is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination 11, and W1 > W2.
[0038] The rotor core in this utility model comprises multiple rotor laminations stacked axially. Each rotor lamination includes a first lamination 11 and a second lamination 12. At least one first end slot 111b in each group of first end slots 111b on the first lamination 11 is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination 11. This reduces the angle between the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque by breaking the magnetic bridge 122 on the first lamination 11, thereby increasing the output torque of the motor 1 and consequently improving the motor's energy efficiency ratio and efficiency. Figure 7By reducing the angle between the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque under different angles, the combined torque of the motor is improved. Furthermore, by making the maximum width W1 of the main end slot 121c on the same second lamination 12 greater than the maximum width W2 of the secondary end slot 121d, i.e., setting the two end slots at both ends of the second permanent magnet slot 121 on the second lamination 12 to be of different sizes, the phase angles of the reluctance torque and permanent magnet torque in the combined torque of the motor 1 are brought closer, i.e., the angle between the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque is reduced, thereby improving the combined torque of the motor 1, reducing winding losses, and further improving the motor's energy efficiency ratio and efficiency. By optimizing the technical solutions of the first end slot 111b, the main end slot 121c, and the secondary end slot 121d, the motor's energy efficiency ratio can be improved without replacing expensive rotor materials, thus achieving a low-cost increase in the motor's output torque, energy efficiency ratio, and efficiency. (Refer to...) Figure 8 and Figure 9 It can be seen that the efficiency and energy efficiency of the motor in this utility model are improved at different speeds.
[0039] The measurement method for W1 is as follows: select two points on the wall of the main end groove along the direction of rotation as the starting point and the ending point respectively, and measure the distance between the starting point and the ending point, which is W1.
[0040] The measurement method for W2 is as follows: select two points on the wall of the secondary end groove that are furthest from the starting point and the ending point along the rotation direction, respectively, and measure the distance between the starting point and the ending point, which is W2.
[0041] The measurement method for W3 is as follows: select the point at the farthest end of the main end slot of one of the second permanent magnet slots along the rotation direction as the starting point, and select the point at the farthest end of the secondary end slot of the adjacent second permanent magnet slot along the rotation direction as the ending point. There are two starting points and two ending points. Select the closest starting point and ending point and measure the distance between the two points, which is W3.
[0042] In this embodiment, at least one of the two first end slots 111b of the same first permanent magnet slot 111 is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination 11, meaning that at least one first end slot 111b of the same first permanent magnet slot 111 is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination 11. While this method of magnetic bridge 122 breakage can reduce the angle between the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque, thereby increasing the output torque of the motor 1 and improving the energy efficiency and overall efficiency of the motor 1, it also reduces the structural strength of the first lamination 11 and increases the manufacturing difficulty of the first lamination 11. Therefore, the technical solution of this application simultaneously sets the first lamination... The first lamination 11 and the second lamination 12 are two different types of rotor laminations. The main end slot 121c and the secondary end slot 121d of the second lamination 12 are not connected to the outer periphery of the second lamination 12. That is, the magnetic bridge 122 is not broken. Instead, the main end slot 121c and the secondary end slot 121d are of different widths to achieve the effect of increasing the output torque of the motor 1. Therefore, the structural strength of the second lamination 12 is higher than that of the first lamination 11, and the manufacturing difficulty is lower. Thus, the rotor core can increase the output torque of the motor 1 while also increasing the structural strength of the rotor core and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the rotor core.
[0043] In one embodiment, the area of the main end slot 121c is larger than the area of the secondary end slot, and the main end slot 121c of the same second permanent magnet slot 121 is located on the side of the rotor's rotation direction of the secondary end slot 121d. It should be noted that the compressor motor 1 rotates in one direction only, that is, the rotation direction of the motor 1 and the rotor is... Figure 1 The rotation direction marked in the figure means that the motor 1 and the rotor will only rotate in this direction. By setting the area of the main end slot 121c facing the rotation direction to be larger, the output torque of the motor 1 is further improved, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor 1.
[0044] Furthermore, W1 / W2 ≥ 1.2. By significantly differentiating the widths of the main end slot 121c and the secondary end slot 121d, the air gap widths on both sides of the permanent magnet 20 slot are unequal, thus forming an asymmetrical structure. This optimizes the magnetic field of the motor 1, thereby increasing the output torque of the motor 1. Simultaneously, the asymmetrical design of the second permanent magnet slot 121 helps reduce magnetic leakage and concentrates the magnetic field more in the air gap, thereby increasing the air gap magnetic flux density and further improving the output torque of the motor 1, thus enhancing the efficiency of the motor 1.
[0045] Specifically, the minimum distance between two adjacent slots 121 of the second permanent magnet 12 along the circumferential direction of the second lamination 12 is W3, where 0.4 ≤ W3 ≤ 1. If W3 < 0.4, the gap between two adjacent slots 121 of the permanent magnet 12 will be too small, thereby increasing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the second lamination 12. If W3 > 1, the gap between two adjacent slots 120 of the permanent magnet 12 will be too large, thereby increasing the electromagnetic leakage of the second lamination 12 and reducing the efficiency of the motor 1. Therefore, by limiting W3 to a reasonable range, the processing difficulty of the second lamination 12 is reduced, while the magnetic leakage of the second lamination 12 is also reduced, thereby improving the output torque and efficiency of the motor 1.
[0046] Furthermore, the second lamination 12 is provided with multiple magnetic bridges 122, and two adjacent second permanent magnet slots 121 are separated by the magnetic bridges 122. The second permanent magnet slots 121 are also separated from the outer periphery of the second lamination 12 by the magnetic bridges 122, thereby increasing the structural strength of the second lamination 12 while reducing the processing difficulty of the second lamination 12, thus reducing the production cost of the second lamination 12 and improving the structural strength of the second lamination 12.
[0047] In one embodiment, the first end groove 111b and / or the second end groove 121b extend along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination. In Embodiment 1, the first end groove 111b and / or the second end groove 121b may extend only clockwise along the circumferential direction of the corresponding rotor lamination; in Embodiment 2, the first end groove 111b and / or the second end groove 121b may extend only counterclockwise along the circumferential direction of the corresponding rotor lamination; in Embodiment 3, the first end groove 111b and / or the second end groove 121b may extend partially clockwise along the circumferential direction of the corresponding rotor lamination and partially counterclockwise along the circumferential direction of the corresponding rotor lamination.
[0048] By optimizing the design of the first end slot 111b and the second end slot 121b, the magnetic field distribution of the motor 1 is optimized, thereby reducing magnetic flux leakage. At the same time, the expansion of the first end slot 111b and / or the second end slot 121b can disperse the magnetic flux density at the edge of the permanent magnet 20, reduce local saturation, thereby reducing end magnetic leakage of the permanent magnet 20 slots and thus improving the efficiency of the motor 1.
[0049] Reference Figure 3 In Embodiment 1, all the first laminations 11 are located on one side of all the second laminations 12. That is, all the first laminations 11 are located on one side of all the second laminations 12 in the axial direction, which facilitates the production and processing of the rotor core and reduces the production and manufacturing cost of the rotor core.
[0050] Reference Figure 4 In the second embodiment, multiple first laminations 11 and multiple second laminations 12 are alternately stacked along the axial direction. It can be understood that since at least one of the first end slots 111b of the first lamination 11 is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination 11, the structural strength of the first lamination 11 is lower than that of the second lamination 12. Therefore, by alternately arranging multiple first laminations 11 and multiple second laminations 12, the structural strength of the rotor core is made more uniform, thereby improving the overall structural strength and service life of the rotor core.
[0051] Specifically, the total thickness of the rotor core in the axial direction is H1, and the sum of the thicknesses of the plurality of first laminations 11 is H2, where 0.1 ≤ H2 / H1 ≤ 0.8. Understandably, since at least one of the first end slots 111b of the first lamination 11 is connected to the outer periphery of the first lamination 11, the structural strength of the first lamination 11 is lower than that of the second lamination 12. Therefore, if H2 / H1 > 0.8, it indicates that the proportion of the first laminations 11 in the rotor core is too high, leading to lower structural strength of the rotor core and thus reducing its service life. Conversely, if H2 / H1 < 0.1, it indicates that the proportion of the first laminations 11 in the rotor core is too low, which increases the angle between the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque, thereby reducing the output torque of the motor 1 and consequently reducing the energy efficiency and overall efficiency of the motor 1. Therefore, by reasonably setting the range of H2 / H1, the angle between the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque can be reduced, thereby increasing the output torque of motor 1, improving the energy efficiency and overall efficiency of motor 1, and also increasing the structural strength of the rotor core.
[0052] In one embodiment, the first lamination 11 and / or the second lamination 12 are each provided with a magnetic isolation groove 13, which is located on the side of the first permanent magnet groove 111 or the second permanent magnet groove 121 near the outer periphery of the rotor lamination. By providing the magnetic isolation groove 13, the air gap between the permanent magnets 20 is enhanced, which helps to weaken the closed magnetic flux formed between adjacent permanent magnets 20 through the inner surface of the rotor, reducing the amount of magnetic flux flowing directly inside the rotor without passing through the stator 30, thereby effectively hindering armature reaction, reducing armature iron loss, and thus improving the efficiency of the motor 1. Furthermore, by providing the magnetic isolation groove 13, the magnetic flux path can be restricted, allowing more magnetic lines of force to pass through the air gap between the stator 30 and the rotor, thereby effectively reducing the leakage magnetic field of the permanent magnets 20, and thus improving the efficiency of the motor 1.
[0053] In one embodiment, the first lamination 11 and / or the second lamination 12 are each provided with a rivet groove 14, which is located on the side of the first permanent magnet groove 111 or the second permanent magnet groove 121 near the outer periphery of the rotor lamination. Then, the rivets are used to rivet together the multiple first laminations 11 and the multiple second laminations 12 through these rivet grooves 14, thereby improving the overall strength of the rotor core.
[0054] Furthermore, the rotor core is provided with a shaft hole 16 and multiple flow holes 15, with the multiple flow holes 15 spaced apart and arranged around the outer periphery of the shaft hole 16. The shaft hole 16 is used to install the drive shaft, thereby driving the transmission components to rotate. After the motor 1 has been used for a long time, its temperature is prone to rise, which can easily lead to demagnetization of the permanent magnet 20, resulting in the permanent magnet 20 losing its magnetism or reducing its magnetism. Therefore, in this embodiment, by providing flow holes 15 on the rotor core, and having coolant flowing through the flow holes 15, the temperature of the rotor core can be reduced by the coolant, thereby maintaining the permanent magnet 20 within the optimal range, and thus improving the performance of the motor 1.
[0055] Reference Figure 5 The present invention also proposes a motor 1, which includes a stator 30 and a rotor. The specific structure of the rotor is as described in the above embodiments. Since the compressor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
[0056] Reference Figure 6 The present invention also proposes a compressor, which includes a motor 1. The specific structure of the motor 1 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the compressor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
[0057] This utility model also proposes a refrigeration device, which can be divided into compression refrigeration devices, absorption refrigeration devices, vapor jet refrigeration devices, heat pump refrigeration devices, and electric heating refrigeration devices, etc. The refrigeration device mainly includes a motor 1, a compressor, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, a condenser, accessories, and piping. Examples include refrigerators and air conditioners. The specific structure of the electronic expansion valve is as described in the above embodiments. Since the refrigeration device in this utility model adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.
[0058] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A rotor characterized by, The rotor core comprises a plurality of rotor laminations arranged in an axial direction, the rotor laminations comprise first laminations and second laminations, the first laminations are provided with a plurality of first permanent magnet grooves, the second laminations are provided with a plurality of second permanent magnet grooves, the first permanent magnet grooves comprise a first main groove and two first end grooves, the two first end grooves are respectively located at two ends of the first main groove, the second permanent magnet grooves comprise a second main groove and a second end groove, the second end groove comprises a main end groove and a secondary end groove, the main end groove and the secondary end groove are respectively located at two ends of the second main groove, the maximum width of the main end groove along the circumferential direction of the second lamination is W1, the maximum width of the secondary end groove along the circumferential direction of the second lamination is W2, at least one of the two first end grooves of the same first permanent magnet groove is in communication with the outer periphery of the first lamination, and W1>W2. The area of the main end groove is greater than the area of the secondary end groove, and the main end groove of the same second permanent magnet groove is located on the side of the rotation direction of the rotor.
2. The rotor of claim 1, wherein W1 / W2≥1.
2.
3. The rotor of claim 2, wherein The minimum distance between two adjacent second permanent magnet grooves along the circumferential direction of the second lamination is W3, and 0.4mm≤W3≤1mm.
4. The rotor of claim 1, wherein The second lamination is provided with a plurality of magnetic bridges, and two adjacent second permanent magnet grooves are separated by the magnetic bridges.
5. The rotor of claim 1, wherein The first end groove and / or the second end groove extends along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination.
6. The rotor of claim 1, wherein The plurality of first laminations are located on one side of the plurality of second laminations.
7. The rotor of claim 1 wherein, The plurality of first laminations and the plurality of second laminations are alternately arranged in the axial direction.
8. The rotor of claim 1, wherein The total thickness of the rotor core in the axial direction is H1, the sum of the thicknesses of the plurality of first laminations is H2, and 0.1≤H2 / H1≤0.
8.
9. The rotor of claim 1, wherein The first lamination and / or the second lamination is provided with a magnetic isolation groove, and the magnetic isolation groove is located on the side close to the outer periphery of the rotor lamination.
10. The rotor of claim 1, wherein The first lamination and / or the second lamination is provided with a rivet groove, and the rivet groove is located on the side close to the outer periphery of the rotor lamination.
11. The rotor of claim 1 wherein, The rotor comprises any one of claims 1 to 11.
12. An electric machine characterized by The motor comprises claim 12.
13. A compressor characterized by, The compressor comprises claim 13.
14. A refrigeration appliance characterized in that,