Conversion circuit and energy storage converter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a conversion circuit and an energy storage energy converter, and belongs to the field of conversion circuits. The conversion circuit comprises a first voltage source, a first energy storage module, a first switch tube, a second energy storage module, a second switch tube, a third energy storage module, a third switch tube, a third capacitor and a second voltage source. The first voltage source is electrically connected with the first energy storage module, the first energy storage module is electrically connected with the first switch tube and the second energy storage module, the second energy storage module is electrically connected with the second switch tube and the third energy storage module, the second switch tube is electrically connected with the third energy storage module, and the third energy storage module is electrically connected with the third switch tube. The third switch tube is electrically connected with the third capacitor and the second voltage source, and the third capacitor is electrically connected with the second voltage source; one of the first voltage source and the second voltage source can be used as an input end, and the other can be used as an output end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of conversion circuits, specifically relating to a conversion circuit and an energy storage converter. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, DC-DC converter circuits are being used more and more widely. These circuits can boost or buck DC power to meet the needs of different components. In related technologies, converter circuits typically include both boost and buck circuits. However, the operating modes of these converter circuits are relatively limited. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a conversion circuit and an energy storage converter, at least to solve the problem that the conversion circuit has a relatively simple operating mode.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a conversion circuit, the conversion circuit comprising: a first voltage source, a first energy storage module, a first switching transistor, a second energy storage module, a second switching transistor, a third energy storage module, a third switching transistor, a third capacitor, and a second voltage source;

[0005] The first voltage source is electrically connected to the first energy storage module. The first energy storage module is electrically connected to the first switching transistor and the second energy storage module. The second energy storage module is electrically connected to the second switching transistor and the third energy storage module. The second switching transistor is electrically connected to the third energy storage module. The third energy storage module is electrically connected to the third switching transistor. The third switching transistor is electrically connected to the third capacitor and the second voltage source. The third capacitor is electrically connected to the second voltage source.

[0006] One of the first voltage source and the second voltage source can be used as an input terminal, and the other can be used as an output terminal. When the first voltage source is used as an input terminal and the second voltage source is used as an output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between a first operating mode and a second operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage boosting. When the second voltage source is used as an input terminal and the first voltage source is used as an output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between a third operating mode and a fourth operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage bucking.

[0007] Optionally, when the first voltage source is used as the input terminal, the second voltage source is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the first operating mode, the first switch is turned on, and the second switch and the third switch are both turned off.

[0008] Optionally, when the first voltage source is used as the input terminal, the second voltage source is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the second operating mode, the first switch is turned off, while the second switch and the third switch are both turned on.

[0009] Optionally, when the second voltage source is used as the input terminal, the first voltage source is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the third operating mode, the first switch is turned off, and the second switch and the third switch are both turned on.

[0010] Optionally, when the second voltage source is used as the input terminal, the first voltage source is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the third operating mode, the first switch is turned on, and the second switch and the third switch are both turned off.

[0011] Optionally, the first energy storage module includes a fourth capacitor and a second inductor;

[0012] The first terminal of the fourth capacitor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second inductor and the positive terminal of the first voltage source, the second terminal of the fourth capacitor is electrically connected to the first switch and the negative terminal of the first voltage source, and the second terminal of the second inductor is electrically connected to the first switch and the first capacitor.

[0013] Optionally, the second energy storage module includes a first capacitor and a first inductor;

[0014] The first energy storage module is electrically connected to the first capacitor, and the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first inductor, the second switching transistor, and the second energy storage module.

[0015] Optionally, the third energy storage module includes a fifth capacitor and a third inductor;

[0016] The first terminal of the fifth capacitor is electrically connected to the first capacitor, the second terminal of the fifth capacitor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third inductor and the third switch, and the second terminal of the third inductor is electrically connected to the second switch.

[0017] Optionally, the conversion circuit further includes a second capacitor; the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second switch.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage converter, which includes the conversion circuit described in any one of the first aspects above, and the conversion circuit is used for step-down or step-up voltage conversion.

[0019] In this embodiment, since the first voltage source is electrically connected to the first energy storage module, the first energy storage module can be charged by the first voltage source, or the first energy storage module can discharge to the first voltage source. Since the first energy storage module is electrically connected to both the first switching transistor and the second energy storage module, the first energy storage module can discharge to the second energy storage module, or the second energy storage module can discharge to the first energy storage module. Since the second energy storage module is electrically connected to both the second switching transistor and the third energy storage module, the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the third energy storage module, the third energy storage module is electrically connected to the third switching transistor, the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the third capacitor and the second voltage source, and the third capacitor is electrically connected to the second voltage source, components such as the first inductor, the third energy storage module, and the third capacitor can discharge, thereby charging the second voltage source or discharging the second voltage source to the corresponding components. Furthermore, one of the first and second voltage sources can be used as an input terminal, and the other as an output terminal. This allows the conversion circuit to have a first, second, third, and fourth operating modes by switching the different states of the first, second, and third switching transistors. Specifically, when the first voltage source is the input terminal and the second voltage source is the output terminal, the conversion circuit can be in either the first or second operating mode, and it performs a boost converter. When the second voltage source is the input terminal and the first voltage source is the output terminal, the conversion circuit can be in either the third or fourth operating mode, and it performs a buck converter. In other words, in this embodiment, the conversion circuit can perform either a buck converter or a step-down converter, and its operating modes are diversified. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates a method provided in this application where, when a first voltage source is used as the input and a second voltage source is used as the output, the conversion circuit operates in a first working mode to boost the voltage.

[0022] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a method provided in this application where, when a first voltage source is used as the input terminal and a second voltage source is used as the output terminal, the conversion circuit operates in a second mode to boost the voltage.

[0023] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates a method provided in this application where, when the second voltage source is used as the input and the first voltage source is used as the output, the conversion circuit operates in a third mode to step down the voltage.

[0024] Figure 5This diagram illustrates a method provided in this application where, when the second voltage source is used as the input and the first voltage source is used as the output, the conversion circuit operates in a fourth mode to step down the voltage.

[0025] Figure 6 This diagram shows the current and voltage waveforms of various components when a voltage conversion circuit performs voltage boosting, with a first voltage source as the input terminal and a second voltage source as the output terminal, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 7 This diagram shows the current and voltage waveforms of various components when a voltage conversion circuit performs voltage reduction, with a second voltage source as the input terminal and a first voltage source as the output terminal, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the stability simulation of a voltage conversion circuit that uses a first voltage source as an input and a second voltage source as an output, according to an embodiment of this application, when performing voltage boosting.

[0028] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the stability simulation of a voltage conversion circuit that uses a second voltage source as the input and a first voltage source as the output, according to an embodiment of this application, to perform voltage reduction.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 10: First voltage source; 20: First energy storage module; 21: Fourth capacitor; 22: Second inductor; 30: First switching transistor; 40: First capacitor; 50: First inductor; 60: Second switching transistor; 70: Third energy storage module; 71: Fifth capacitor; 72: Third inductor; 80: Second capacitor; 90: Third switching transistor; 100: Third capacitor; 110: Second voltage source; 400: Second energy storage module. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the conversion circuit includes: a first voltage source 10, a first energy storage module 20, a first switching transistor 30, a second energy storage module 400, a second switching transistor 60, a third energy storage module 70, a third switching transistor 90, a third capacitor 100, and a second voltage source 110.

[0035] The first voltage source 10 is electrically connected to the first energy storage module 20. The first energy storage module 20 is electrically connected to the first switching transistor 30 and the second energy storage module 400. The second energy storage module 400 is electrically connected to the second switching transistor 60 and the third energy storage module 70. The second switching transistor 60 is electrically connected to the third energy storage module 70. The third energy storage module 70 is electrically connected to the third switching transistor 90. The third switching transistor 90 is electrically connected to the third capacitor 100 and the second voltage source 110, and the third capacitor 100 is electrically connected to the second voltage source 110. One of the first voltage source 10 and the second voltage source 110 can be used as an input terminal, and the other can be used as an output terminal. When the first voltage source 10 is used as an input terminal and the second voltage source 110 is used as an output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between the first operating mode and the second operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage boosting. When the second voltage source 110 is used as an input terminal and the first voltage source 10 is used as an output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between the third operating mode and the fourth operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage bucking. The conversion circuit has a first operating mode, a second operating mode, a third operating mode, and a fourth operating mode.

[0036] In this embodiment, since the first voltage source 10 is electrically connected to the first energy storage module 20, the first energy storage module 20 can be charged by the first voltage source 10, or the first energy storage module 20 can discharge to the first voltage source 10. Since the first energy storage module 20 is electrically connected to both the first switching transistor 30 and the second energy storage module 400, the first energy storage module 20 can discharge to the second energy storage module 400, or the second energy storage module 400 can discharge to the first energy storage module 20. Since the second energy storage module 400 is electrically connected to the second switch 60 and the third energy storage module 70, respectively, the second switch 60 is electrically connected to the third energy storage module 70, the third energy storage module 70 is electrically connected to the third switch 90, the third switch 90 is electrically connected to the third capacitor 100 and the second voltage source 110, and the third capacitor 100 is electrically connected to the second voltage source 110, components such as the first inductor 50, the third energy storage module 70, and the third capacitor 100 can be discharged, thereby charging the second voltage source 110 or discharging the second voltage source 110 to the corresponding components. Furthermore, one of the first voltage source 10 and the second voltage source 110 can be used as an input terminal, and the other as an output terminal. Therefore, by switching the different states of the first switch 30, the second switch 60, and the third switch 90, the conversion circuit can have a first operating mode, a second operating mode, a third operating mode, and a fourth operating mode. Specifically, when the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal and the second voltage source 110 is used as the output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between the first operating mode and the second operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage boosting; when the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal and the first voltage source 10 is used as the output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between the third operating mode and the fourth operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage bucking. That is, in the embodiments of this application, the conversion circuit can perform either voltage bucking or voltage reduction, and the operating modes of the conversion circuit are diversified.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module 20 may include a fourth capacitor 21 and a second inductor 22. The first terminal of the fourth capacitor 21 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second inductor 22 and the positive terminal of the first voltage source 10, respectively. The second terminal of the fourth capacitor 21 is electrically connected to the first switching transistor 30 and the negative terminal of the first voltage source 10, respectively. The second terminal of the second inductor 22 is electrically connected to the first switching transistor 30 and the first capacitor 40, respectively. This arrangement is equivalent to using different energy storage devices in the first energy storage module 20, namely capacitors and inductors. Since the voltage of a capacitor cannot change abruptly, and the current of an inductor cannot change abruptly, the fourth capacitor 21 and the second inductor 22 can be charged or discharged accordingly, thereby facilitating voltage boosting or bucking by the conversion circuit.

[0038] In some embodiments, the second energy storage module 400 includes a first capacitor 40 and a first inductor 50; the first energy storage module 20 is electrically connected to the first capacitor 40, and the first capacitor 40 is electrically connected to the first inductor 50, the second switching transistor 60, and the second energy storage module 70. This arrangement is equivalent to using different energy storage devices in the second energy storage module 400, namely capacitors and inductors. Since the voltage of a capacitor cannot change abruptly, and the current of an inductor cannot change abruptly, the fourth capacitor 21 and the second inductor 22 can be charged or discharged accordingly, thereby facilitating the voltage boosting or bucking of the conversion circuit.

[0039] In some embodiments, the third energy storage module 70 may include a fifth capacitor 71 and a third inductor 72. The first terminal of the fifth capacitor 71 is electrically connected to the first capacitor 40, and the second terminal of the fifth capacitor 71 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third inductor 72 and the third switching transistor 90, respectively. The second terminal of the third inductor 72 is electrically connected to the second switching transistor 60. This arrangement is equivalent to using different energy storage devices in the third energy storage module 70, namely capacitors and inductors. Since the voltage of a capacitor cannot change abruptly, and the current of an inductor cannot change abruptly, the fifth capacitor 71 and the third inductor 72 can be charged or discharged accordingly, thereby facilitating voltage boosting or bucking by the conversion circuit.

[0040] In some embodiments, the conversion circuit further includes a second capacitor 80, which is electrically connected to the second switch 60. This arrangement allows the second capacitor 80 to be charged or discharged, facilitating voltage boosting or deboosting by the conversion circuit.

[0041] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal, the second voltage source 110 is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the first working mode, the first switch 30 is turned on, and the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off.

[0042] By setting the first switch 30 to conduct, the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off, and the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal, so the first energy storage module 20 can be powered by the first voltage source 10, the first inductor 50 is charged, and the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80 are both discharged. The first capacitor 40 and the fourth capacitor 21 discharge to the third energy storage module 70, so that the third energy storage module 70 is charged, and the third capacitor 100 discharges to the second voltage source 110, that is, the third capacitor 100 discharges to the output terminal, so that the output terminal can be regulated.

[0043] It should be noted that when the first energy storage module 20 includes a fourth capacitor 21 and a second inductor 22, and the third energy storage module 70 includes a fifth capacitor 71 and a third inductor 72, at this time, with the first voltage source 10 as the input terminal, the second voltage source 110 as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit in the first working mode, the first switch 30 is turned on, the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off, the second inductor 22 is powered by the first voltage source 10, the first inductor 50 is charged, and the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80 are both discharged. The first capacitor 40 and the fourth capacitor 21 discharge to the third inductor 72 and the fifth capacitor 71, thereby charging the third inductor 72 and the fifth capacitor 71. The third capacitor 100 discharges to the second voltage source 110, that is, the third capacitor 100 discharges to the output terminal, so that the output terminal is regulated.

[0044] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal, the second voltage source 110 is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the second working mode, the first switch 30 is turned off, while the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned on.

[0045] By setting the first switch 30 to be off, the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both on, and the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal. Thus, the first voltage source 10, the first energy storage module 20 and the first inductor 50 can discharge to the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80 through the second switch, thereby charging the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80. The third energy storage module 70 discharges to the third capacitor 100 and the second voltage source 110 through the third switch 90.

[0046] It should be noted that when the first energy storage module 20 includes the fourth capacitor 21 and the second inductor 22, and the third energy storage module 70 includes the fifth capacitor 71 and the third inductor 72, at this time, when the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal, the second voltage source 110 is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the second working mode, the first switch 30 is turned off, and the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned on. Thus, the first voltage source 10, the second inductor 22 and the first inductor 50 can discharge to the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80 through the second switch, so that the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80 are charged. The fifth capacitor 71 and the third inductor 72 discharge to the third capacitor 100 and the second voltage source 110 through the third switch 90.

[0047] Specifically, when using the conversion circuit to boost voltage, the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal and the second voltage source 110 is used as the output terminal. Within one output cycle, the conversion circuit first switches to the first operating mode and then switches to the second operating mode. Thus, within each output cycle, the conversion circuit first switches to the first operating mode and then switches to the second operating mode. Therefore, during the output voltage process of the conversion circuit, the conversion circuit exhibits alternating switching between the first and second operating modes. When the conversion circuit is in the first operating mode, the first switch 30 is turned on, the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off, the second inductor 22 is powered by the first voltage source 10, the first inductor 50 is charged, and the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80 are both discharged, thereby reducing the voltage of the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80. The first capacitor 40 and the fourth capacitor 21 discharge to the third inductor 72 and the fifth capacitor 71, and the voltage of the fifth capacitor 71 increases, thus charging the third inductor 72 and the fifth capacitor 71. The third capacitor 100 discharges to the second voltage source 110, and the voltage of the third capacitor 100 decreases, that is, the third capacitor 100 discharges to the output terminal. When the conversion circuit is in the second operating mode, the first switch 30 is off, while the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both on. This allows the first voltage source 10, the second inductor 22, and the first inductor 50 to discharge through the second switch 60 to the first capacitor 40 and the second capacitor 80, charging them and increasing their voltage. Conversely, the fifth capacitor 71 and the third inductor 72 discharge through the third switch 90 to the third capacitor 100 and the second voltage source 110, charging the third capacitor 100 and increasing the voltage of the second voltage source 110. When the conversion circuit alternates between the first and second operating modes, the duty cycle of the first operating mode can be set so that the duration of the conversion circuit in the first operating mode is longer than the duration in the second operating mode within one output cycle. This allows the conversion circuit to boost the voltage when alternating between the first and second operating modes, resulting in an overall voltage boost at the output terminal that is greater than the input terminal voltage. Furthermore, when the conversion circuit is in the second operating mode, the electrical energy at the input terminal is transferred to the output terminal, and the output terminal has a voltage. When the conversion circuit is in the first operating mode, since the third switch 90 is off, the electrical energy at the input terminal will not be transferred to the output terminal, that is, the electrical energy of the first voltage source 10 will not be transferred to the second voltage source 110, and the voltage of the second voltage source 110 will decrease. However, the second voltage source 110 is connected in parallel with the third capacitor 100, so the third capacitor 100 can supply power to the second voltage source 110, so that the voltage of the second voltage source 110 remains unchanged, that is, the second voltage source 110 is regulated, so that the conversion circuit outputs a stable voltage during the process of outputting the voltage.

[0048] Specifically, since the voltage of a capacitor cannot change abruptly, the current of an inductor cannot change abruptly, and when an inductor is charged, it stores energy; when charging stops, it releases energy. The energy stored and released by the inductor in one cycle is equal, thus the output voltage can be calculated.

[0049] With the first voltage source 10 as the input terminal and the second voltage source 110 as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit performing voltage boosting, the input voltage is V1 and the output voltage is V2, satisfying the following:

[0050] Where D represents the duty cycle of the first switching transistor 30, that is, the time during which the first switching transistor 30 is turned on within one output cycle, and 1-D represents the time during which the first switching transistor 30 is turned off. D is greater than half of one output cycle of the conversion circuit, thus determining that the voltage at the output terminal is greater than the voltage at the input terminal. For example, D is greater than 0.5.

[0051] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal, the first voltage source 10 is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the third working mode, the first switch 30 is turned off, while the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned on.

[0052] By setting the first switch 30 to be off, the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both on, and the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal. Thus, the second voltage source 110 and the third capacitor 100 discharge to the third energy storage module 70 through the third switch 90, thereby charging the third energy storage module 70. The third energy storage module 70 and the second capacitor 80 charge the first inductor 50 through the second switch 60, and the first capacitor 40 supplies power to the first energy storage module 20 and the first voltage source 10.

[0053] It should be noted that when the first energy storage module 20 includes a fourth capacitor 21 and a second inductor 22, and the third energy storage module 70 includes a fifth capacitor 71 and a third inductor 72, at this time, with the second voltage source 110 as the input terminal, the first voltage source 10 as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit in the third working mode, the first switch 30 is turned off, and the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned on. The second voltage source 110 and the third capacitor 100 discharge to the fifth capacitor 71 through the third switch 90, thereby charging the fifth capacitor 71. The third inductor 72 and the second capacitor 80 charge the first inductor 50 through the second switch 60. The first capacitor 40 supplies power to the first four capacitors, the second inductor 22, and the first voltage source 10.

[0054] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, when the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal, the first voltage source 10 is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit is in the fourth working mode, the first switch 30 is turned on, and the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off.

[0055] By setting the first switch 30 to conduct, the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off, and the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal. Thus, the second voltage source 110 supplies power to the third capacitor 100, the third energy storage module 70 supplies power to the second capacitor 80, the first inductor 50 charges the first capacitor 40 through the first switch 30, and the first energy storage module 20 charges the first voltage source 10.

[0056] It should be noted that when the first energy storage module 20 includes the fourth capacitor 21 and the second inductor 22, and the third energy storage module 70 includes the fifth capacitor 71 and the third inductor 72, at this time, with the second voltage source 110 as the input terminal and the first voltage source 10 as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit in the fourth working mode, the first switch 30 is turned on, and the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off. The second voltage source 110 supplies power to the third capacitor 100, and the third capacitor 100 stores energy. The fifth capacitor 71 supplies power to the third inductor 72 and the second capacitor 80, so that the second capacitor 80 stores energy. The first inductor 50 charges the first capacitor 40 through the first switch 30, and the second inductor 22 and the fourth inductor charge the first voltage source 10, that is, charge the output terminal.

[0057] Specifically, when using a converter circuit to step down the voltage, the first voltage source 10 is used as the output terminal and the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal. Within one output cycle, the converter circuit first switches to the third operating mode and then switches to the fourth operating mode. Thus, in each output cycle, the converter circuit first switches to the third operating mode and then switches to the fourth operating mode, resulting in alternating between the third and fourth operating modes during the output voltage change. When the converter circuit is in the third operating mode, the first switch 30 is off, and the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both on. The second voltage source 110 and the third capacitor 100 discharge to the fifth capacitor 71 through the third switch 90, thus charging the fifth capacitor 71. The voltage of the fifth capacitor 71 increases, and the fifth capacitor 71 stores energy. The third inductor 72 and the second capacitor 80 charge the first inductor 50 through the second switch 60. The first capacitor 40 supplies power to the first capacitor 50, the second inductor 22, and the first voltage source 10, causing the first... Voltage source 10 has a voltage. When the conversion circuit is in the fourth operating mode, the first switch 30 is turned on, and the second switch 60 and the third switch 90 are both turned off. The second voltage source 110 supplies power to the third capacitor 100, which stores energy. The fifth capacitor 71 supplies power to the third inductor 72 and the second capacitor 80, causing the second capacitor 80 to store energy. The first inductor 50 charges the first capacitor 40 through the first switch 30. The second inductor 22 and the fourth inductor charge the first voltage source 10, thus stabilizing the voltage of the first voltage source 10. When the conversion circuit alternately switches between the third and fourth operating modes, the duty cycle of the third operating mode can be set so that the duration of the conversion circuit in the third operating mode is less than the duration of the fourth operating mode within one output cycle. This causes the conversion circuit to step down the voltage when it alternates between the third and fourth operating modes. Overall, the conversion circuit steps down the voltage, making the output voltage less than the input voltage. Furthermore, when the conversion circuit is in the fourth operating mode, the electrical energy at the input terminal is transferred to the output terminal, and the output terminal has a voltage. When the conversion circuit is in the fourth operating mode, since the third switch 90 is off, the electrical energy at the input terminal will not be transferred to the output terminal, that is, the electrical energy of the second voltage source 110 will not be transferred to the first voltage source 10, and the voltage of the first voltage source 10 will decrease. However, the first voltage source 10 will be charged by the second inductor 22 and the fourth inductor, so that the voltage of the first voltage source 10 remains unchanged, that is, the first voltage source 10 is regulated, so that the conversion circuit outputs a stable voltage during the process of outputting the voltage of the conversion circuit.

[0058] Specifically, since the voltage of a capacitor cannot change abruptly, the current of an inductor cannot change abruptly, and when an inductor is charged, it stores energy; when charging stops, it releases energy. The energy stored and released by the inductor in one cycle is equal, thus the output voltage can be calculated.

[0059] With the second voltage source 110 as the input terminal and the first voltage source 10 as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit performing voltage reduction, the input voltage is V1 and the output voltage is V2, satisfying the following:

[0060] Where D represents the duty cycle of the first switching transistor 30, that is, the time during which the first switching transistor 30 is off in one output cycle, and 1-D represents the time during which the first switching transistor 30 is on. D is less than half of one output cycle of the conversion circuit, thus it can be determined that the voltage at the output terminal is less than the voltage at the input terminal. For example, D is less than 0.5.

[0061] In addition, Figures 2 to 5 In the diagram, the arrows indicate the direction of current flow.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal and the second voltage source 110 is used as the output terminal, the voltage of each component in the conversion circuit can be increased when the conversion circuit performs voltage boosting, as shown in the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] In the above formula, u S1 This represents the voltage of the first switching transistor 30, u. S2 This represents the voltage of the second switching transistor 60, u. S3 This represents the voltage of the third switch transistor 90, u. C2 This represents the voltage across the first capacitor 40, u. C3 This represents the voltage across the fifth capacitor 71, u. C4 This represents the voltage across the second capacitor 80, u. V1 This indicates the voltage of the first voltage source 10.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal and the first voltage source 10 is used as the output terminal, and the conversion circuit performs voltage reduction, the voltage of each component in the conversion circuit can be increased, as shown in the following formula:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Among them, u V2 This indicates the voltage of the second voltage source 110.

[0069] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the buck or boost performance of the conversion circuit is simulated, and the voltage waveforms of each component in the conversion circuit can be obtained. Figure 6 This diagram shows the current and voltage waveforms of each component when the converter circuit performs a voltage boost operation, with the first voltage source 10 as the input and the second voltage source 110 as the output. Figure 6 In the figure, Figure (a) shows the current waveform, where the line between the numbers 4 and 8 represents the current waveform of the second inductor 22, the line between the numbers 0 and 4 represents the current waveform of the first inductor 50, and the line between -4 and 0 represents the current waveform of the third inductor 72. Figures (b), (c), and (d) all show the voltage waveforms. In Figure (b), the line with the starting point between 200 and 400 represents the voltage waveform of the second voltage source 110, the line with the starting point at 200 represents the voltage waveform of the first switch 30, and the line with the starting point at 0 represents the voltage waveform of the third switch 90. In Figure (c), the line with the starting point at 152 represents the voltage waveform of the second capacitor 80, and the line with the starting point at 148 represents the voltage waveform of the fifth capacitor 71. In Figure (d), the line with the starting point at 100 represents the voltage waveform of the first voltage source 10, and the line with the starting point at 97 represents the voltage waveform of the first capacitor 40. Figure 7 This diagram shows the current and voltage waveforms of various components when the voltage converter circuit uses the second voltage source 110 as the input and the first voltage source 10 as the output. Figure 7 In the diagram, Figure (e) shows the current waveform, where the line between the numbers 1.5 and 2 represents the current waveform of the second inductor 22, and the line between the numbers 0.5 and 1 represents the current waveform of the third inductor 72. Figures (f), (g), and (h) all show the voltage waveforms. In Figure (f), the line starting between 200 and 400 represents the voltage waveform of the second voltage source 110, the line starting above 80 represents the voltage waveform of the second voltage source 110, the line starting at 80 represents the voltage waveform of the first switching transistor 30, and the line starting at 0 represents the voltage waveform of the third switching transistor 90. In Figure (g), the line starting at 50.2 represents the voltage waveform of the fifth capacitor 71, and the line starting at 49.8 represents the voltage waveform of the second capacitor 80. In Figure (h), the line starting at 33.2 represents the voltage waveform of the first voltage source 10, and the line starting at 32.8 represents the voltage waveform of the first capacitor 40.

[0070] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the stability simulation of the converter circuit during voltage boosting, with the first voltage source 10 as the input and the second voltage source 110 as the output. Figure 8In the diagram, the line starting at 250 represents the voltage waveform of the second voltage source 110, and the line starting at 100 represents the voltage waveform of the first voltage source 10. Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the stability simulation of the converter circuit when using the second voltage source 110 as the input and the first voltage source 10 as the output. Figure 9 In the diagram, the line starting at 100 represents the voltage waveform of the second voltage source 110, and the line starting at 40 represents the voltage waveform of the first voltage source 10.

[0071] In this embodiment, since the first voltage source 10 is electrically connected to the first energy storage module 20, the first energy storage module 20 can be charged by the first voltage source 10, or the first energy storage module 20 can discharge to the first voltage source 10. Since the first energy storage module 20 is electrically connected to both the first switching transistor 30 and the second energy storage module 400, the first energy storage module 20 can discharge to the second energy storage module 400, or the second energy storage module 400 can discharge to the first energy storage module 20. Since the second energy storage module 400 is electrically connected to the second switch 60 and the third energy storage module 70, respectively, the second switch 60 is electrically connected to the third energy storage module 70, the third energy storage module 70 is electrically connected to the third switch 90, the third switch 90 is electrically connected to the third capacitor 100 and the second voltage source 110, and the third capacitor 100 is electrically connected to the second voltage source 110, components such as the first inductor 50, the third energy storage module 70, and the third capacitor 100 can be discharged, thereby charging the second voltage source 110 or discharging the second voltage source 110 to the corresponding components. Furthermore, one of the first voltage source 10 and the second voltage source 110 can be used as an input terminal, and the other as an output terminal. Therefore, by switching the different states of the first switch 30, the second switch 60, and the third switch 90, the conversion circuit can have a first operating mode, a second operating mode, a third operating mode, and a fourth operating mode. Specifically, when the first voltage source 10 is used as the input terminal and the second voltage source 110 is used as the output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between the first operating mode and the second operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage boosting; when the second voltage source 110 is used as the input terminal and the first voltage source 10 is used as the output terminal, the conversion circuit can switch between the third operating mode and the fourth operating mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage bucking. That is, in the embodiments of this application, the conversion circuit can perform either voltage bucking or voltage reduction, and the operating modes of the conversion circuit are diversified.

[0072] This application provides an energy storage converter, which includes the conversion circuit in any of the above embodiments. The conversion circuit is used for step-down or step-up voltage conversion.

[0073] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0074] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A conversion circuit, characterized by, The conversion circuit comprises a first voltage source, a first energy storage module, a first switch tube, a second energy storage module, a second switch tube, a third energy storage module, a third switch tube, a third capacitor and a second voltage source; The first voltage source is electrically connected with the first energy storage module; the first energy storage module is electrically connected with the first switch tube and the second energy storage module respectively; the second energy storage module is electrically connected with the second switch tube and the third energy storage module respectively; the second switch tube is electrically connected with the third energy storage module; the third energy storage module is electrically connected with the third switch tube; the third switch tube is electrically connected with the third capacitor and the second voltage source respectively; and the third capacitor is electrically connected with the second voltage source. One of the first voltage source and the second voltage source can be used as an input end, and the other can be used as an output end; when the first voltage source is used as the input end and the second voltage source is used as the output end, the conversion circuit can be switched between a first working mode and a second working mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage boosting; when the second voltage source is used as the input end and the first voltage source is used as the output end, the conversion circuit can be switched between a third working mode and a fourth working mode, and the conversion circuit performs voltage step-down.

2. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein When the first voltage source is used as the input end, the second voltage source is used as the output end, and the conversion circuit is in the first working mode, the first switch tube is turned on, and the second switch tube and the third switch tube are both turned off.

3. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, When the first voltage source is used as the input end, the second voltage source is used as the output end, and the conversion circuit is in the second working mode, the first switch tube is turned off, and the second switch tube and the third switch tube are both turned on.

4. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, When the second voltage source is used as the input end, the first voltage source is used as the output end, and the conversion circuit is in the third working mode, the first switch tube is turned off, and the second switch tube and the third switch tube are both turned on.

5. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, When the second voltage source is used as the input end, the first voltage source is used as the output end, and the conversion circuit is in the fourth working mode, the first switch tube is turned on, and the second switch tube and the third switch tube are both turned off.

6. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, The first energy storage module comprises a fourth capacitor and a second inductor; The first end of the fourth capacitor is electrically connected with the first end of the second inductor and the positive pole of the first voltage source respectively, the second end of the fourth capacitor is electrically connected with the first switch tube and the negative pole of the first voltage source respectively, and the second end of the second inductor is electrically connected with the first switch tube and the first capacitor respectively.

7. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein The second energy storage module comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor; The first energy storage module is electrically connected with the first capacitor; the first capacitor is electrically connected with the first inductor, the second switch tube and the second energy storage module respectively.

8. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, The third energy storage module comprises a fifth capacitor and a third inductor; The first end of the fifth capacitor is electrically connected with the first capacitor, and the second end of the fifth capacitor is respectively electrically connected with the first end of the third inductor and the third switch tube, and the second end of the third inductor is electrically connected with the second switch tube.

9. The conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, The conversion circuit further comprises a second capacitor; the second capacitor is electrically connected with the second switch.

10. An energy storage transducer, characterized by The energy storage and conversion device comprises the conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1-9.

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