Waterproof adhesive tape for sealing photovoltaic module frame and photovoltaic module packaging structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a water-blocking adhesive tape for sealing a photovoltaic module frame and a photovoltaic module packaging structure, and the water-blocking adhesive tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame comprises an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a water-blocking layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer which are sequentially arranged. The obtained water-blocking adhesive tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame has excellent barrier property and weather resistance, and meanwhile, the water-blocking adhesive tape is good in overall fitness with a base material and high in peel strength; the water-blocking adhesive tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame can solve the problem of water vapor blocking of the solar module frame, so that a photovoltaic module packaging structure packaged by adopting the water-blocking adhesive tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame can meet the use requirements of being used all the year round or in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tape technology, specifically relating to a water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module encapsulation structure. Background Technology

[0002] Solar modules and solar cells are the core components of solar power generation. Encapsulation is the process of packaging fragile solar cells to form modules with better physical properties, so as to facilitate large-scale application of solar power generation.

[0003] In existing technologies, solar cell modules, formed after solar cell encapsulation, serve as the building blocks of power plants. However, prolonged exposure to air can cause moisture corrosion, potentially leading to power degradation and reduced module reliability. After a period of outdoor operation, it was found that moisture easily penetrates through the edges of the photovoltaic modules. When moisture seeps into the module's interior through the edges, it can cause delamination. Therefore, sealing the edges of photovoltaic modules is crucial. Typically, double-glass encapsulated solar cell modules use single-component silicone rubber to seal the laminate edges. However, single-component silicone rubber has a relatively high moisture permeability (40~50 g / m²). 2 The waterproof performance of HJT and perovskite solar cells is very poor, making it difficult to meet the outdoor application requirements of solar cell modules for 25 to 30 years. Moreover, with the development of high-efficiency cell technologies such as heterojunction microcrystalline technology and perovskite tandem technology, new photovoltaic cells such as HJT and perovskite are more sensitive to moisture. Therefore, the waterproof performance of module encapsulation is crucial.

[0004] The existing butyl tape edge sealing process on the market involves applying butyl rubber strips to the inner edge, which requires high-temperature application at 150~180℃. This process has drawbacks such as poor safety, high cost of automated dispensing equipment, complex process, and low yield. In addition, the thickness of butyl tape on the market is generally above 0.3 mm to maintain good water resistance, but the thickness of the tape product affects the subsequent installation of the component frame. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module encapsulation structure. The water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of the photovoltaic module has the advantages of high water resistance, excellent weather resistance and high peel strength. It is used for edge sealing of photovoltaic modules and can effectively solve the problem of water vapor barrier of photovoltaic modules, so that the resulting photovoltaic module encapsulation structure can meet the needs of long-term use or use in high temperature and high humidity environments.

[0006] To achieve the objective of this utility model, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0007] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module, the water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module comprising an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a water-blocking layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer arranged sequentially.

[0008] In the structure of the water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of photovoltaic modules provided by this utility model, the insulating layer is connected to the water-blocking layer through the adhesive layer. The insulating layer has a certain strength and insulation, which not only supports the water-blocking layer but also protects it, effectively preventing the water-blocking layer from losing its water-blocking effect due to cracking during use. The water-blocking layer has excellent water-blocking effect. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is used to connect the entire water-blocking tape to the photovoltaic module and has excellent bonding strength.

[0009] Preferably, a release layer is also provided on the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer away from the water-blocking layer. The release layer can be used to protect the pressure-sensitive adhesive, etc., and needs to be removed before use, i.e. before connecting with the photovoltaic module.

[0010] Preferably, the release layer is a single-sided release polyester release film or polyethylene coated release paper with a thickness of 25~100 μm, such as 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm or 100 μm.

[0011] Preferably, the release layer is a release layer with a release force of 5 to 50 g, and the release force of the release layer can be 5 g, 10 g, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g or 50 g, etc.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.005~0.05 mm, such as 0.005 mm, 0.01 mm, 0.015 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.025 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.035 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.045 mm or 0.05 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the insulating layer is any one of the following: polyvinyl chloride insulating layer, polyvinylidene fluoride insulating layer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer insulating layer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene insulating layer, polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer, polyethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer insulating layer, polyimide insulating layer, thermoplastic polyolefin insulating layer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer insulating layer, polyetheretherketone insulating layer, polypropylene insulating layer, polyethylene terephthalate insulating layer, polyamide insulating layer, polymethyl methacrylate insulating layer, or COC film insulating layer.

[0014] Preferably, the insulating layer is any one of a single-layer film, a composite polyester film, a coated polyester film, or a polymer co-extruded resin film.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.003~0.02 mm, such as 0.003 mm, 0.0035 mm, 0.005 mm, 0.007 mm, 0.009 mm, 0.013 mm, 0.015 mm, 0.017 mm, 0.019 mm or 0.02 mm.

[0016] In this invention, the adhesive layer is made of conventional materials, such as polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, or epoxy resin.

[0017] Preferably, the thickness of the water-blocking layer is 0.01~0.1 mm, such as 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.08 mm or 0.1 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the water-blocking layer is a metal film water-blocking layer or a polymer film water-blocking layer; and the metal film water-blocking layer includes any one of copper foil water-blocking layer, aluminum foil water-blocking layer, stainless steel foil water-blocking layer, aluminum alloy foil water-blocking layer or magnesium alloy foil water-blocking layer.

[0019] Preferably, the water-blocking layer has a water vapor permeability of <1.0 g / m. 2 The water-blocking layer of day has a water vapor permeability of 0.9 g / m. 2 ·day, 0.8 g / m 2 ·day, 0.7 g / m 2 ·day, 0.6 g / m 2 ·day, 0.5 g / m 2 ·day, 0.2 g / m 2 ·day or 0.1 g / m 2 ·day, etc.

[0020] Preferably, the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 0.01~0.03 mm, such as 0.01 mm, 0.015 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.025 mm or 0.03 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is any one of polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, UV-cured pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, natural rubber matrix pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, or synthetic rubber matrix pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0022] Preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with an adhesive strength ≥ 6 N / cm, and the adhesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be 6 N / cm, 8 N / cm, 10 N / cm, 12 N / cm, 14 N / cm, 16 N / cm, 18 N / cm or 20 N / cm, etc.

[0023] Secondly, this utility model provides a photovoltaic module encapsulation structure, which includes a photovoltaic module and a sealing component that wraps around the periphery of the photovoltaic module;

[0024] The sealing assembly includes a frame, a sealing silicone layer, and a water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame as described in the first aspect. The water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame is wrapped around the photovoltaic module by a structural adhesive layer. The frame is connected to the water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame by the sealing silicone layer.

[0025] Preferably, the photovoltaic module includes a front backsheet, an encapsulating film, a battery module, and a rear backsheet;

[0026] The front backplate and the rear backplate are respectively placed on both sides of the battery assembly, and the encapsulating film fills the gap between the front backplate, the battery assembly and the rear backplate.

[0027] In the photovoltaic module, the battery module is the most core component, mainly used to convert light energy into electrical energy.

[0028] In the photovoltaic module, the battery module includes several parallel-connected solar cell strings, and each solar cell string includes several series-connected solar cells. Adjacent solar cells are connected in series via interconnecting strips to form the solar cell string, and adjacent solar cell strings are connected in parallel via busbars to form the solar cell array, i.e., the battery module. Based on different substrate materials, they are divided into P-type cells and N-type cells. P-type cells are cells with P-type silicon wafers as substrates and are PERC type cells; N-type cells are cells with N-type silicon wafers as substrates and belong to the N-type cell category, such as HJT, PERC, TOPCon, perovskite, or XBC cells.

[0029] In this invention, the front back plate and the rear back plate are respectively placed on both sides of the battery assembly, which can protect and support the battery assembly and have reliable insulation, water resistance and aging resistance. Glass can be selected as the front back plate and the rear back plate.

[0030] In this invention, the encapsulating film is filled in the gap between the front backplate, the battery module, and the rear backplate. The encapsulating film is one of the key materials of the photovoltaic module, and its main functions include: bonding the photovoltaic module materials and providing structural support; providing high light transmittance and maximum light coupling for the solar cells; providing physical insulation, electrical insulation, and moisture barrier for the photovoltaic module; and providing heat conduction and excellent weather resistance for the photovoltaic module.

[0031] Preferably, the encapsulating film is a single-layer structure film or a multi-layer composite structure film; the single-layer structure film is any one of the following: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, polyvinyl butyral layer, polyethylene foam layer, polyolefin elastomer layer, polyurethane layer, thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer layer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer layer, or polyamide layer; the multi-layer composite structure film is a white film composed of the above-mentioned single-layer structure film and non-woven fabric, and an EPE co-extruded film.

[0032] Preferably, the frame is made of aluminum alloy, steel, or other composite materials.

[0033] Preferably, the thickness of the sealing silicone layer is 1 to 3 mm, such as 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.8 mm or 3 mm.

[0034] In this invention, the material of the sealing silicone layer is condensation-type silicone or addition-type silicone; the sealing silicone layer has high adhesion to both the frame and the photovoltaic module, enabling them to be tightly bonded together; at the same time, the sealing silicone layer acts as a sealing laminate, preventing moisture penetration and contact with the encapsulation film, and protecting the photovoltaic module from corrosion.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) The water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of the photovoltaic module provided by this utility model includes an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a water-blocking layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer arranged in sequence. Through the combination of the above multi-layer structure, it has high water resistance and weather resistance while the substrate has good overall conformability. It can solve the problem of water vapor barrier of the frame of the solar cell module and meet the needs of long-term use or more sensitive to high temperature and high humidity environment.

[0037] (2) The photovoltaic module encapsulation structure provided by this utility model can solve the problem of water vapor barrier of the solar cell module frame, and can meet the needs of long-term use or more sensitive to high temperature and high humidity environment; at the same time, the production cost is low, the production efficiency is high, and the dynamic and static loads of the module can be guaranteed to meet the standards. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module provided by this utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module encapsulation structure provided by this utility model;

[0040] Among them, 1-water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame, 1-1-insulating layer, 1-2-adhesive layer, 1-3-water-blocking layer, 1-4-pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, 2-sealing silicone layer, 3-frame, 4-front backplate, 5-front encapsulation film, 6-cell module, 7-rear encapsulation film and 8-rear backplate. Detailed Implementation

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The technical solution of this utility model will be further illustrated by specific embodiments below. The materials involved in the following specific embodiments are all existing materials and can be purchased from commercially available products.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module, the cross-sectional structure of which is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes an insulating layer 1-1, an adhesive layer 1-2, a water-blocking layer 1-3, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 1-4 arranged sequentially.

[0045] Among them, the thickness of insulation layer 1-1 is 0.016 mm, and it is a PET insulation layer;

[0046] The thickness of adhesive layers 1-2 is 0.008 mm, specifically a polyester resin adhesive layer;

[0047] The thickness of the water-blocking layers 1-3 is 0.02 mm, specifically a copper foil water-blocking layer;

[0048] The thickness of pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 1-4 is 0.02 mm, specifically an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A photovoltaic module encapsulation structure, the cross-sectional structure of which is shown in the figure below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes a sealing component and a photovoltaic module, with the sealing component wrapping around the perimeter of the photovoltaic module;

[0051] The sealing assembly includes a water-blocking tape 1 for sealing the photovoltaic module frame, a sealing silicone layer 2, and a frame 3;

[0052] Among them, the water-blocking tape 1 for sealing the photovoltaic module frame is the water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame provided in Example 1, which seals and wraps the photovoltaic module around its perimeter through the structural adhesive layer contained therein.

[0053] The frame 3 is an aluminum alloy frame, which is connected to the water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame through the sealing silicone layer 2. The thickness of the sealing silicone layer 2 is 1.0 mm, and it is an addition-type silicone.

[0054] The photovoltaic module includes a front back panel 4, a front encapsulating film 5, a battery module 6, a rear encapsulating film 7, and a rear back panel 8.

[0055] The front backplate 4 and the rear backplate 8 are respectively placed on both sides of the battery assembly 6. Both the front backplate 4 and the rear backplate 8 are glass backplates. The battery assembly 6 is a solar cell HJT.

[0056] The front encapsulation film 5 and the rear encapsulation film 7 fill the gap between the front backplate 4, the battery assembly 6 and the rear backplate 8. The front encapsulation film 5 is close to the front backplate 4 and the rear encapsulation film 7 is close to the rear backplate 8. Both the front encapsulation film 5 and the rear encapsulation film 7 are single-layer structure films, specifically ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive layers.

[0057] Performance testing:

[0058] (1) Thickness test: The thickness of the water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame provided in Example 1 was tested according to the test method provided in GBT 7125-2014.

[0059] (2) Peel force test: The initial peel force and the peel force after DH1000 h of the water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame provided in Example 1 were tested according to the test method provided in GBT 2792-2014.

[0060] (3) Water vapor transmission rate test: The water vapor transmission rate of the water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame provided in Example 1 was tested according to the test method provided in GB / T 1037.

[0061] (4) PID test: The photovoltaic module encapsulation structure provided in Example 2 was tested according to the test method provided by standard IEC TS 62804-1; test conditions: 85℃, relative humidity 85%; -1500 V constant DC voltage, DH 1000 h, DH 2000 h.

[0062] (5) Static mechanical load: The test standard requires that the IEC 61215 standard gives the test method for the mechanical load test of photovoltaic modules; the specific test method is: on the front and back surfaces of the photovoltaic module encapsulation structure provided in Example 2, the load is gradually increased to 2400 Pa, so that it is evenly distributed, and the load is maintained for 1 h. After the test is completed, check whether there is any intermittent open circuit phenomenon or serious appearance defects during the test.

[0063] The data obtained after testing according to the above method are summarized in Table 1;

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066] As can be seen from Table 1:

[0067] The water-blocking tape for sealing the photovoltaic module frame provided in Example 1 has excellent water-blocking performance, high bonding strength and excellent weather resistance; and the photovoltaic module encapsulation structure provided in Example 2 has excellent device stability and high load capacity.

[0068] The applicant declares that this utility model illustrates a fouling-resistant and wettable hydrophilic-phobic composite membrane for membrane distillation processes, its preparation method, and its application through the above embodiments. However, this utility model is not limited to the above process steps, meaning that this utility model does not necessarily rely on the above process steps to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to this utility model, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials used, additions of auxiliary components, and selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection and disclosure scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A water-blocking tape for sealing a frame of a photovoltaic module, characterized by, The water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of the photovoltaic module comprises, in sequence, an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a water-blocking layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

2. The water-resistive tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized by, The thickness of the insulating layer is 0.005-0.05 mm.

3. The water-resistive tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein The insulating layer is any one of a polyvinyl chloride insulating layer, a polyvinylidene fluoride insulating layer, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer insulating layer, a polytrifluorochloroethylene insulating layer, a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer, a polyethylene-trifluorochloroethylene copolymer insulating layer, a polyimide insulating layer, a thermoplastic polyolefin insulating layer, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer insulating layer, a polyether ether ketone insulating layer, a polypropylene insulating layer, a polyethylene terephthalate insulating layer, a polyamide insulating layer, a polymethyl methacrylate insulating layer or a COC film insulating layer.

4. The water-resistive tape for sealing of a frame of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized by, The insulating layer is any one of a single-layer film, a composite polyester film, a coated polyester film or a polymer co-extrusion resin film.

5. The water-resistive tape for sealing the frame of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the water-blocking layer is 0.01-0.1 mm.

6. The water-resistive tape for sealing of photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, wherein The water-blocking layer is a metal film water-blocking layer or a polymer film water-blocking layer. The metal film water-blocking layer comprises any one of a copper foil water-blocking layer, an aluminum foil water-blocking layer, a stainless steel foil water-blocking layer, an aluminum alloy foil water-blocking layer or a magnesium alloy foil water-blocking layer.

7. The water-resistive tape for sealing of photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 0.01-0.03 mm.

8. The water-resistive tape for sealing of photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, wherein The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is any one of a polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer based on a natural rubber matrix or a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer based on a synthetic rubber matrix.

9. A photovoltaic module encapsulant structure, characterized by, The photovoltaic module packaging structure comprises a photovoltaic module and a sealing assembly wrapped around the edges of the photovoltaic module. The sealing assembly comprises a frame, a sealing silicone layer and the water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of the photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-8, which is wrapped around the edges of the photovoltaic module by the structural adhesive layer contained therein, and the frame is connected to the water-blocking tape for sealing the frame of the photovoltaic module by the sealing silicone layer.

10. The photovoltaic module encapsulant structure of claim 9, wherein, The photovoltaic module comprises a front back sheet, a packaging adhesive film, a cell assembly and a rear back sheet. The front back sheet and the rear back sheet are respectively arranged on the two sides of the cell assembly, and the packaging adhesive film is filled in the gap between the front back sheet, the cell assembly and the rear back sheet.

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