Biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed device, which comprises a pyrolysis reaction unit, a biomass feeding unit, a catalytic cracking reaction unit and a product collecting unit, the pyrolysis reaction unit is used for performing pyrolysis reaction on materials, the pyrolysis reaction unit is connected with a gas feeding unit, the biomass feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis reaction unit, and the catalytic cracking reaction unit is connected with the product collecting unit. The biomass feeding unit is provided with a quantitative conveying module, the biomass feeding unit quantitatively conveys materials into the pyrolysis reaction unit through the quantitative conveying module, the catalytic cracking reaction unit is connected with the pyrolysis reaction unit and used for performing catalytic cracking reaction on the materials, and the product collecting unit is connected with the catalytic cracking reaction unit. The product collecting unit is used for collecting products, the quantitative conveying module is arranged between the biomass feeding unit and the pyrolytic reaction unit, and the quantitative conveying module is used for controlling materials to be conveyed into the pyrolytic reaction unit, so that continuous and controllable feeding of the materials is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of biomass technology, and in particular relates to a biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed device. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass gasification technology can convert solid biomass fuel into syngas, which can then be used for combustion power generation, preparation of high-value chemicals, and other applications. Currently, biomass gasification technology based on fluidized bed devices has received widespread attention and is developing rapidly. Biomass pyrolysis, generally referring to the process in which biomass is heated to a high temperature in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment, causing molecular decomposition to produce coke, condensable liquids, and gaseous products, is an important form of biomass energy utilization.

[0003] Currently, traditional biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed devices can only feed biomass feedstock intermittently during the feeding process, and the amount of biomass feedstock fed in cannot be controlled during the feeding process. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide a biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed device. By setting a quantitative conveying module between the biomass feeding unit and the pyrolysis reaction unit, the material is conveyed into the pyrolysis reaction unit through the quantitative conveying module, thereby realizing continuous and controllable feeding of materials.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed apparatus, characterized in that it includes: a pyrolysis reaction unit for pyrolysis of materials, connected to a gas feed unit; a biomass feed unit connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit, equipped with a quantitative conveying module for quantitatively feeding materials into the pyrolysis reaction unit; a catalytic cracking reaction unit connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit for catalytic cracking of materials; and a product collection unit connected to the catalytic cracking reaction unit for collecting products.

[0007] By installing a quantitative conveying module between the biomass feeding unit and the pyrolysis reaction unit, the material is conveyed into the pyrolysis reaction unit through the quantitative conveying module, thereby achieving continuous and controllable feeding of materials.

[0008] Furthermore, the biomass feeding unit includes a feeding tank and a stirring mechanism. The stirring mechanism is installed in the feeding tank and includes a stirring motor and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is connected to the stirring paddle and drives the stirring paddle to rotate. The feeding tank is provided with a discharge port, which is connected to a quantitative conveying module. The feeding tank is continuously stirred by the stirring mechanism to ensure that the material is discharged and to prevent the material from accumulating in the feeding tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the quantitative conveying module includes a primary feeding mechanism and a secondary feeding mechanism. The primary feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge port, the outlet of the primary feeding mechanism is connected to the secondary feeding mechanism, and the secondary feeding mechanism is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary feeding mechanism includes a first drive motor, a first drive shaft, a first screw rod, and a first feeding channel. The first drive motor is connected to the first drive shaft, the first drive shaft is connected to the first screw rod through a first coupling, the first screw rod is located in the first feeding channel, and the first feeding channel is connected to the discharge port.

[0011] Furthermore, the secondary feeding mechanism includes a second drive motor, a second drive shaft, a second screw rod, and a second feeding channel. The second drive motor is connected to the second drive shaft, and the second drive shaft is connected to the second screw rod through a second coupling. The second screw rod is located in the second feeding channel, and one side of the second feeding channel is connected to the first feeding channel, while the other side is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the quantitative conveying module also includes a connecting channel. One end of the connecting channel is connected to the primary feeding mechanism, and the other end of the connecting channel is connected to the secondary feeding mechanism. The connecting channel is equipped with an air inlet, through which gas is conveyed into the connecting channel. By controlling the gas flow rate, the material is conveyed from the primary feeding mechanism to the secondary feeding mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the quantitative conveying module also includes a water cooling module, which is installed at one end of the secondary feeding mechanism near the pyrolysis reaction unit. The water cooling module is equipped with a water inlet and is used to cool the material. By setting the water cooling module to cool the material when it enters the pyrolysis reaction unit, coking and blockage caused by the high temperature of the pyrolysis reaction unit at the moment the material enters are avoided.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a dust collection unit, which is installed between the pyrolysis reaction unit and the catalytic cracking reaction unit. The dust collection unit includes a cyclone separator and a dust filter. The cyclone separator and the dust filter are connected. Both the cyclone separator and the dust filter are equipped with dust collection tanks. The dust collection unit removes solid particles from the pyrolysis products, and the cyclone separator and the dust filter perform dual filtration to increase the filtration effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the product collection unit includes a condenser, a cold trap, and an electrostatic precipitator. The condenser is connected to the catalytic cracking reaction unit and is equipped with a condensate collection tank. The cold trap is connected to the condensate collection tank, and the electrostatic precipitator is connected to the cold trap. The electrostatic precipitator is equipped with a product collection tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the pyrolysis reaction unit adopts a fluidized bed reactor, while the catalytic cracking reaction unit adopts a fixed bed reactor.

[0017] This utility model, by adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention features a quantitative conveying module between the biomass feeding unit and the pyrolysis reaction unit. The quantitative conveying module controls the conveying of materials into the pyrolysis reaction unit, thereby achieving continuous and controllable material feeding.

[0019] This invention provides a stirring mechanism in the feed tank to continuously stir the feed tank, ensuring material discharge and preventing material accumulation in the feed tank. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed device of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biomass feeding unit and the quantitative conveying module in this utility model;

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Fluidized bed reactor; 2-Fixed bed reactor; 3-Biomass feeding unit; 4-Quantitative conveying module; 5-Feed tank; 6-Stirring motor; 7-Stirring paddle; 8-Discharge port; 9-First drive motor; 10-First drive shaft; 11-First screw rod; 12-First feed channel; 13-First coupling; 14-Second drive motor; 15-Second drive shaft; 16-Second screw rod; 17-Second feed channel; 18-Second coupling; 19-Connecting channel; 20-Air inlet; 21-Water cooling module; 22-Water injection port; 23-Cyclone separator; 24-Dust filter; 25-Dust collection tank; 26-Constant temperature chamber; 27-Condenser; 28-Cold trap; 29-Electrostatic tar precipitator; 30-Condensate collection tank; 31-Product collection tank; 32-Tar filter; 33-Gas feeding unit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, this utility model provides a quantitative conveying module 4 between the biomass feeding unit 3 and the pyrolysis reaction unit. The quantitative conveying module 4 controls the conveying of materials into the pyrolysis reaction unit, thereby achieving continuous and controllable feeding of materials.

[0025] This utility model relates to a biomass pyrolysis fluidized bed device, comprising a pyrolysis reaction unit, a gas feed unit 33, a biomass feed unit 3, a catalytic cracking reaction unit, a dust collection unit, and a product collection unit. The gas feed unit 33 is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit and feeds fluidizing gas, typically hydrogen and nitrogen, into the pyrolysis reaction unit to provide fluidizing gas for the pyrolysis reaction. Simultaneously with the fluidizing gas, air is also introduced into the pyrolysis reaction unit. The pyrolysis reaction unit is used for the pyrolysis reaction of materials. The biomass feed unit 3 is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit and is used for storing materials. The biomass feed unit 3 is equipped with a metering feed... The feeding module 4 is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The feeding module 4 enables the biomass feeding unit 3 to quantitatively feed materials into the pyrolysis reaction unit. The catalytic cracking reaction unit is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The dust collection unit is installed between the pyrolysis reaction unit and the catalytic cracking reaction unit. The products generated by the pyrolysis reaction unit first pass through the dust collection unit to remove solid particles from the pyrolysis products, and then enter the catalytic cracking reaction unit to carry out catalytic cracking reaction. The product collection unit is connected to the catalytic cracking reaction unit, and the products generated by the catalytic cracking reaction unit are collected through the product collection unit.

[0026] The biomass feeding unit 3 includes a feeding tank 5 and a stirring mechanism. The stirring mechanism is installed in the feeding tank 5 and includes a stirring motor 6 and a stirring paddle 7. The stirring motor 6 is connected to the stirring paddle 7 and is installed at the top of the feeding tank 5. The stirring paddle 7 is located in the feeding tank 5. The stirring motor 6 drives the stirring paddle 7 to rotate so that the stirring paddle 7 continuously stirs the material in the feeding tank 5. The feeding tank 5 is provided with a discharge port 8, which is connected to the quantitative conveying module 4. The material falls into the quantitative conveying module 4 through the discharge port 8. The feeding tank 5 is continuously stirred by the stirring mechanism to ensure that the material is discharged and to prevent the material from accumulating in the feeding tank 5.

[0027] The quantitative conveying module 4 includes a primary feeding mechanism, a secondary feeding mechanism, a connecting channel 19, and a water-cooling module 21. The primary feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge port 8 and is installed at the discharge port 8 of the feed tank 5. The primary feeding mechanism is connected to the feed tank 5. The outlet end of the primary feeding mechanism is connected to the connecting channel 19, and the other end of the connecting channel 19 is connected to the secondary feeding mechanism. The water-cooling module 21 is installed at the end of the secondary feeding mechanism near the pyrolysis reaction unit and is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit.

[0028] In this invention, the material enters the primary feeding mechanism from the discharge port 8 of the feed tank 5, and is quantitatively conveyed to the secondary feeding mechanism through the primary feeding mechanism. The secondary feeding mechanism continuously conveys the material to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The water cooling module 21 is set at one end of the secondary feeding mechanism near the pyrolysis reaction unit. Before entering the pyrolysis reaction unit, the material is cooled by the water cooling module 21 when it enters the pyrolysis reaction unit, so as to avoid coking and blockage caused by the high temperature of the pyrolysis reaction unit when the material enters.

[0029] The primary feeding mechanism includes a first drive motor 9, a first drive shaft 10, a first screw rod 11, and a first feeding channel 12. The first drive motor 9 is connected to the first drive shaft 10, and the first drive shaft 10 is connected to the first screw rod 11 via a first coupling 13. The first screw rod 11 is located in the first feeding channel 12, which is connected to the discharge port 8. The connecting channel 19 is provided with an air inlet 20, through which gas is supplied to the connecting channel 19. The amount of material supplied is controlled by adjusting the speed of the first drive motor 9, thereby achieving quantitative feeding. The material falls into the first feeding channel 12 and is gradually fed to the secondary feeding mechanism via the first screw rod 11. When passing through the connecting channel 19, gas is supplied to the connecting channel 19 through the air inlet 20. By controlling the gas flow rate, the material is helped to be fed from the primary feeding mechanism to the secondary feeding mechanism.

[0030] The secondary feeding mechanism includes a second drive motor 14, a second drive shaft 15, a second screw rod 16, and a second feeding channel 17. The second drive motor 14 is connected to the second drive shaft 15, and the second drive shaft 15 is connected to the second screw rod 16 through a second coupling 18. The second screw rod 16 is located in the second feeding channel 17. One side of the second feeding channel 17 is connected to the first feeding channel 12, and the other side is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit. After the material is conveyed to the secondary feeding mechanism, the second screw rod 16 is driven to rotate by the second drive motor 14, thereby continuously conveying the material into the pyrolysis reaction unit and cooling it when passing through the water cooling module 21.

[0031] The water-cooled module 21 is provided with a water inlet 22, through which coolant is injected into the water-cooled module 21.

[0032] The dust collection unit includes a cyclone separator 23 and a dust filter 24, which are installed in a constant temperature chamber 26. One side of the cyclone separator 23 is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit and the other side is connected to the dust filter 24. The other side of the dust filter 24 is connected to the catalytic cracking reaction unit. The products generated by the pyrolysis reaction unit first pass through the cyclone separator 23, then through the dust filter 24, and finally enter the catalytic cracking reaction unit. Both the cyclone separator 23 and the dust filter 24 are equipped with dust collection tanks 25. The solid particles separated by the cyclone separator 23 and the dust filter 24 are collected by the dust collection tanks 25.

[0033] The product collection unit includes a condenser 27, a cold trap 28, and an electrostatic precipitator 29. The condenser 27, cold trap 28, and electrostatic precipitator 29 are connected by hoses. The condenser 27 is connected to the catalytic cracking reaction unit and is equipped with a condensation collection tank 30. The cold trap 28 is connected to the condensation collection tank 30. In this invention, there are two cold traps 28 connected to each other. The electrostatic precipitator 29 is connected to the cold traps 28 and is equipped with a product collection tank 31. The products generated by the catalytic cracking unit first enter the condenser 27 for condensation and collection of liquid phase products. The liquid phase products are collected in the condensation collection tank 30 and then enter the two cold traps 28 for secondary condensation and collection. Finally, the liquid phase products enter the electrostatic precipitator 29 to collect the generated tar, which is then collected in the product collection tank 31.

[0034] In this invention, after the tar is collected, the remaining exhaust gas needs to be analyzed in an analytical instrument. When the exhaust gas enters the analytical instrument, a tar filter 32 can be installed to filter the tar and prevent the tar from entering the analytical instrument.

[0035] In this invention, the pyrolysis reaction unit adopts a fluidized bed reactor 1, and the catalytic cracking reaction unit adopts a fixed bed reactor 2. The fluidized bed reactor 1 and the fixed bed reactor 2 are existing technologies, so they will not be described further here.

[0036] Both fluidized bed reactor 1 and fixed bed reactor 2 are equipped with isothermal electric heaters to control the reaction temperature. Precision pressure gauges, pressure transmitters, differential pressure transmitters, and unloading valves are also installed on both reactors. After the material enters fluidized bed reactor 1, it undergoes a pyrolysis reaction under certain temperature, pressure, and atmosphere conditions. The product exits from the top of fluidized bed reactor 1, and after dust removal, it enters fixed bed reactor 2. Under certain temperature, pressure, atmosphere, and catalyst conditions, it undergoes a catalytic cracking reaction. The product exits from the bottom of fixed bed reactor 2 and then enters the product collection unit.

[0037] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the technical features of this utility model are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on this utility model to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fluid bed apparatus for pyrolysis of biomass, characterised in that: The pyrolysis reaction unit is connected with a gas feeding unit; The biomass feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis reaction unit, and is provided with a quantitative feeding module for feeding materials from the biomass feeding unit to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The biomass feeding unit comprises a feeding tank and a stirring mechanism installed in the feeding tank. The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is connected with the stirring paddle and drives the stirring paddle to rotate. The feeding tank is provided with a discharge port in communication with the quantitative feeding module. The quantitative feeding module comprises a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism. The first feeding mechanism is in communication with the discharge port, and the outlet end of the first feeding mechanism is in communication with the second feeding mechanism. The second feeding mechanism is in communication with the pyrolysis reaction unit. The first feeding mechanism comprises a first driving motor, a first driving shaft, a first screw rod and a first feeding channel. The first driving motor is connected with the first driving shaft, and the first driving shaft is connected with the first screw rod through a first coupling. The first screw rod is located in the first feeding channel, and the first feeding channel is in communication with the discharge port. The second feeding mechanism comprises a second driving motor, a second driving shaft, a second screw rod and a second feeding channel. The second driving motor is connected with the second driving shaft, and the second driving shaft is connected with the second screw rod through a second coupling. The second screw rod is located in the second feeding channel, and one side of the second feeding channel is in communication with the first feeding channel, and the other side is in communication with the pyrolysis reaction unit. The quantitative feeding module further comprises a communication channel in communication with the first feeding mechanism at one end and the second feeding mechanism at the other end. The communication channel is provided with an air inlet. The quantitative feeding module further comprises a water cooling module installed at one end of the second feeding mechanism close to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The water cooling module is provided with a water inlet and is used for cooling materials.

2. The fluidized bed apparatus for pyrolysis of biomass according to claim 1, wherein: The pyrolysis reaction unit is connected with a gas feeding unit; The biomass feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis reaction unit, and is provided with a quantitative feeding module for feeding materials from the biomass feeding unit to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The biomass feeding unit comprises a feeding tank and a stirring mechanism installed in the feeding tank. The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is connected with the stirring paddle and drives the stirring paddle to rotate. The feeding tank is provided with a discharge port in communication with the quantitative feeding module. The quantitative feeding module comprises a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism. The first feeding mechanism is in communication with the discharge port, and the outlet end of the first feeding mechanism is in communication with the second feeding mechanism. The second feeding mechanism is in communication with the pyrolysis reaction unit. The first feeding mechanism comprises a first driving motor, a first driving shaft, a first screw rod and a first feeding channel. The first driving motor is connected with the first driving shaft, and the first driving shaft is connected with the first screw rod through a first coupling. The first screw rod is located in the first feeding channel, and the first feeding channel is in communication with the discharge port. The second feeding mechanism comprises a second driving motor, a second driving shaft, a second screw rod and a second feeding channel. The second driving motor is connected with the second driving shaft, and the second driving shaft is connected with the second screw rod through a second coupling. The second screw rod is located in the second feeding channel, and one side of the second feeding channel is in communication with the first feeding channel, and the other side is in communication with the pyrolysis reaction unit. The quantitative feeding module further comprises a communication channel in communication with the first feeding mechanism at one end and the second feeding mechanism at the other end. The communication channel is provided with an air inlet. The quantitative feeding module further comprises a water cooling module installed at one end of the second feeding mechanism close to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The water cooling module is provided with a water inlet and is used for cooling materials. The pyrolysis reaction unit is connected with a gas feeding unit; The biomass feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis reaction unit, and is provided with a quantitative feeding module for feeding materials from the biomass feeding unit to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The biomass feeding unit comprises a feeding tank and a stirring mechanism installed in the feeding tank. The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is connected with the stirring paddle and drives the stirring paddle to rotate. The feeding tank is provided with a discharge port in communication with the quantitative feeding module. The quantitative feeding module comprises a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism. The first feeding mechanism is in communication with the discharge port, and the outlet end of the first feeding mechanism is in communication with the second feeding mechanism. The second feeding mechanism is in communication with the pyrolysis reaction unit. The first feeding mechanism comprises a first driving motor, a first driving shaft, a first screw rod and a first feeding channel. The first driving motor is connected with the first driving shaft, and the first driving shaft is connected with the first screw rod through a first coupling. The first screw rod is located in the first feeding channel, and the first feeding channel is in communication with the discharge port. The second feeding mechanism comprises a second driving motor, a second driving shaft, a second screw rod and a second feeding channel. The second driving motor is connected with the second driving shaft, and the second driving shaft is connected with the second screw rod through a second coupling. The second screw rod is located in the second feeding channel, and one side of the second feeding channel is in communication with the first feeding channel, and the other side is in communication with the pyrolysis reaction unit. The quantitative feeding module further comprises a communication channel in communication with the first feeding mechanism at one end and the second feeding mechanism at the other end. The communication channel is provided with an air inlet. The quantitative feeding module further comprises a water cooling module installed at one end of the second feeding mechanism close to the pyrolysis reaction unit. The water cooling module is provided with a water inlet and is used for cooling materials.

3. The fluidized bed apparatus for pyrolysis of biomass according to claim 1, wherein: The product collection unit comprises a condenser, a cold trap and an electric tar precipitator, the condenser is connected with the catalytic cracking reaction unit, the condenser is provided with a condensation collection tank, the cold trap is connected with the condensation collection tank, the electric tar precipitator is connected with the cold trap, and the electric tar precipitator is provided with a product collection tank.

4. The fluidized bed apparatus for pyrolysis of biomass according to claim 1, wherein: The pyrolysis reaction unit adopts a fluidized bed reactor, and the catalytic cracking reaction unit adopts a fixed bed reactor.

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