Bipolar plate of fuel cell
By setting differentiated flow channel structures for the anode and cathode reaction components and coolant flow channels in the bipolar plates of the fuel cell, the problems of uneven fluid distribution and poor heat dissipation are solved, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and stability of the fuel cell and extending its service life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
AI Technical Summary
In existing fuel cells, the differences between the anode and cathode reaction systems are not considered, resulting in uneven fluid distribution, uneven current density distribution, and poor heat dissipation, which affects the reaction efficiency and lifespan of the fuel cell.
Anode and cathode reaction assemblies with different structures were designed, including anode plate sealing grooves and cathode plate sealing grooves, respectively equipped with anode plate flow channels and cathode plate flow channels, and coolant flow channels were set on the bipolar plate main board. An inclined guide groove design was adopted to adjust the flow rate, and a cooling component was combined to improve reaction efficiency and stability.
By optimizing the flow channel structure and cooling design, uniform distribution of fluid and current was achieved, improving the reaction efficiency and stability of the fuel cell, enhancing heat dissipation, and extending the service life of the fuel cell.
Smart Images
Figure CN223977906U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell technology, specifically to fuel cell bipolar plates. Background Technology
[0002] A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy. Under the complex operating conditions of a fuel cell stack, the sealing groove structure of the bipolar plate plays an important role in its sealing performance and directly determines the working life of the fuel cell stack. Similarly, the bipolar plate is an important component of the fuel cell, playing roles such as conducting electricity and heat, draining water, and distributing gas. Its performance mainly depends on the flow field structure.
[0003] In existing technologies, the same flow field structure is usually used on the anode plate and the cathode plate without taking into account the differences in the properties of the anode and cathode reaction systems and the reactant gases. This affects the uniformity of fluid distribution and current density distribution inside the battery. At the same time, the heat dissipation effect is poor and there is still room for improvement.
[0004] Based on this, fuel cell bipolar plates are now provided, which can eliminate the drawbacks of existing devices. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bipolar plate for a fuel cell to solve the problems in the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A fuel cell bipolar plate includes a bipolar plate main board, wherein an anode reaction assembly is disposed on the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board and a cathode reaction assembly is disposed on the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board;
[0008] The anode reaction assembly includes an anode plate sealing groove, which is located in the middle of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board. An anode plate flow channel is formed inside the anode plate sealing groove. A first inlet is formed in the middle of one end of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board, and a first outlet is formed in the middle of the other end of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board. The first inlet and the first outlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the anode plate flow channel.
[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, this utility model also provides the following optional technical solutions:
[0010] In one alternative embodiment: the cathode reaction assembly includes a cathode plate sealing groove, which is located in the middle of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board. A cathode plate flow channel is formed inside the cathode plate sealing groove. A second inlet is formed in the middle of one end of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board, and a second outlet is formed in the middle of the other end of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board.
[0011] In one alternative: the second inlet and the second outlet are respectively connected to both ends of the cathode plate flow channel.
[0012] In one alternative: a cooling component is provided inside the bipolar plate motherboard.
[0013] In one alternative: the cooling component includes a coolant channel, which is located in the middle of the bipolar plate main board. One end of the bipolar plate main board has a coolant outlet, and the other end of the bipolar plate main board has a coolant inlet. The coolant outlet and the coolant inlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the adjacent coolant channel.
[0014] In one alternative: a main body layer is provided in the middle of the bipolar plate main board, a cooling layer is provided on one side of the main body layer, an upper protective layer is provided on the other side of the cooling layer, and a lower protective layer is provided on the other side of the main body layer.
[0015] In one alternative: the main body layer is a graphite layer, and the cooling layer is a composite metal layer.
[0016] In one alternative: both the upper and lower protective layers are metal nitride coatings.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0018] This invention employs asynchronous flow transmission through the cathode plate and anode plate channels. The inclined guide groove design of the cathode plate channel slows down the flow rate and improves the reaction. Combined with the anode plate channel, it ensures that the reaction efficiency is consistent with that of the anode reaction components, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the battery. It effectively distributes fluid and current evenly, thus improving the reaction efficiency and stability of the fuel cell, and ultimately improving the utilization efficiency of the fuel cell. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bipolar plate motherboard of this utility model.
[0023] Figure reference numerals: 1. Bipolar plate main board; 2. Anode plate sealing groove; 3. Cathode plate sealing groove; 4. Fixing hole; 5. First inlet; 6. First outlet; 7. Anode plate flow channel; 8. Second inlet; 9. Second outlet; 10. Cathode plate flow channel; 11. Coolant inlet; 12. Coolant outlet; 13. Coolant flow channel; 14. Main body layer; 15. Cooling layer; 16. Upper protective layer; 17. Upper protective layer. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0025] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the fuel cell bipolar plate includes a bipolar plate main board 1, an anode reaction assembly is disposed on the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board 1, and a cathode reaction assembly is disposed on the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board 1.
[0026] The anode reaction assembly includes an anode plate sealing groove 2, which is located in the middle of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board 1. An anode plate flow channel 7 is provided inside the anode plate sealing groove 2. A first inlet 5 is provided in the middle of one end of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board 1, and a first outlet 6 is provided in the middle of the other end of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main board 1. The first inlet 5 and the first outlet 6 are respectively connected to the two ends of the anode plate flow channel 7.
[0027] In this embodiment, the reactant gas is introduced through the first inlet 5, then transferred through the anode plate channel 7 to realize the battery reaction at the anode, and finally output through the first outlet 6.
[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cathode reaction assembly includes a cathode plate sealing groove 3, which is located in the middle of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board 1. A cathode plate flow channel 10 is provided inside the cathode plate sealing groove 3. A second inlet 8 is provided in the middle of one end of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board 1, and a second outlet 9 is provided in the middle of the other end of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main board 1.
[0029] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second inlet 8 and the second outlet 9 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cathode plate flow channel 10. Similarly, the reaction liquid is input through the second inlet 8 and then transferred through the cathode plate flow channel 10 to carry out the corresponding battery reaction. The inclined guide groove design of the cathode plate flow channel 10 can slow down the flow rate, improve the reaction, and at the same time ensure that the reaction efficiency is consistent with that of the anode reaction component, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the battery.
[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, a cooling component is provided inside the bipolar plate mainboard 1.
[0031] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the cooling component includes a coolant channel 13, which is located in the middle of the bipolar plate main board 1. One end of the bipolar plate main board 1 has a coolant outlet 12, and the other end has a coolant inlet 11. The coolant outlet 12 and the coolant inlet 11 are respectively connected to the two ends of the adjacent coolant channel 13. During the reaction, the coolant enters the coolant channel 13 through the coolant inlet 11, and then cools the anode and cathode reaction components on both sides through the coolant channel 13, and then discharges through the coolant outlet 12.
[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, a main body layer 14 is provided in the middle of the bipolar plate main body 1, a cooling layer 15 is provided on one side of the main body layer 14, an upper protective layer 16 is provided on the other side of the cooling layer 15, and a lower protective layer 17 is provided on the other side of the main body layer 14.
[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the main body layer 14 is a graphite layer, and the cooling layer 15 is a composite metal layer. The main body layer 14 has good electrical conductivity, and its strength is improved by combining it with the cooling layer 15.
[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, both the upper protective layer 16 and the lower protective layer 17 are metal nitride coatings, which improve the corrosion resistance of the bipolar plate motherboard 1 surface.
[0035] The above embodiments disclose a fuel cell bipolar plate, in which reactant gas enters through the first inlet 5, and then passes through the anode plate flow channel 7 to realize the anode battery reaction, and finally exits through the first outlet 6. Similarly, reactant liquid is input through the second inlet 8 and then passes through the cathode plate flow channel 10 to carry out the corresponding battery reaction. The inclined guide groove design of the cathode plate flow channel 10 can slow down the flow rate, improve the reaction, and at the same time ensure that the reaction efficiency is consistent with that of the anode reaction assembly, thereby improving the battery reaction efficiency. During the reaction, coolant enters the coolant flow channel 13 through the coolant inlet 11, and then cools the anode and cathode reaction assemblies on both sides through the coolant flow channel 13, and then discharges through the coolant outlet 12.
[0036] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A fuel cell bipolar plate, comprising a bipolar plate main plate (1), an anode reaction assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1), and a cathode reaction assembly is arranged on the lower surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1). characterized in that The anode reaction assembly comprises an anode plate sealing groove (2) which is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1), an anode plate flow channel (7) is arranged in the inner side of the anode plate sealing groove (2), a first inlet (5) is arranged in the middle of one end of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1), a first outlet (6) is arranged in the middle of the other end of the upper surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1), and the first inlet (5) and the first outlet (6) are respectively connected with both ends of the anode plate flow channel (7).
2. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein The cathode reaction assembly comprises a cathode plate sealing groove (3) which is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1), a cathode plate flow channel (10) is arranged in the inner side of the cathode plate sealing groove (3), a second inlet (8) is arranged in the middle of one end of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1), and a second outlet (9) is arranged in the middle of the other end of the lower surface of the bipolar plate main plate (1).
3. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein The second inlet (8) and the second outlet (9) are respectively connected with both ends of the cathode plate flow channel (10).
4. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein The bipolar plate main plate (1) is internally provided with a cooling assembly.
5. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 4, wherein The cooling assembly comprises a cooling liquid flow channel (13) which is arranged in the middle of the bipolar plate main plate (1), a cooling liquid outlet (12) is arranged in one end of the bipolar plate main plate (1), a cooling liquid inlet (11) is arranged in the other end of the bipolar plate main plate (1), and the cooling liquid outlet (12) and the cooling liquid inlet (11) are respectively connected with both ends of the adjacent cooling liquid flow channel (13).
6. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein The bipolar plate main plate (1) is internally provided with a cooling assembly.
7. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 6, wherein The main body layer (14) is a graphite layer, and the cooling layer (15) is a composite metal layer.
8. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 6, wherein The upper protective layer (16) and the lower protective layer (17) are both metal nitride coatings.