Charger capable of forcibly charging over-discharge battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chargers, and discloses a charger capable of forcibly charging an over-discharge battery, which comprises a pulse modulation circuit for controlling the output voltage of the battery; the voltage control circuit is used for amplifying the output voltage and charging the battery; the battery voltage sampling circuit controls the relay and the pulse modulation circuit to supply power; a charging control module; according to the utility model, an over-discharge battery which cannot be charged by other chargers can be forcibly charged, and when deep discharge of the battery is detected, the charger outputs voltage, so that intensity activation charging of the battery is realized, the problem of battery charging under special conditions is solved, and the application range of the charger is enlarged; when the charging voltage is close to the threshold value, charging is stopped, damage to the battery caused by overcharging is avoided, meanwhile, closed-loop circulation is achieved, the charging state is automatically adjusted according to the battery voltage, and the stability and safety of the charging process are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charger technology, specifically a charger capable of forcibly charging an over-discharged battery. Background Technology

[0002] A charger is a device that provides electrical energy to electronic devices. Its function is to convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) required by the device and provide safe power through a compatible interface.

[0003] A search revealed that patent application number CN202323606598.2 discloses a charger circuit, comprising: an input port; a transformer including a primary winding and a secondary winding, the secondary winding including a first end and a second end; a primary circuit electrically connected to the input port and the primary winding; a secondary circuit including a charging control circuit and a synchronous rectification circuit; the charging control circuit being electrically connected to the first end; the synchronous rectification circuit being electrically connected to the second end and grounded; and an output port including a first USB-A port, a second USB-A port, and a USB-C port, the first USB-A port, the second USB-A port, and the USB-C port all being electrically connected to the charging control circuit. This charger circuit not only has a relatively simple circuit design and low cost, but also, while reducing the size of the charger, allows the charging control circuit to allocate a preset current according to the type of port and the number of charging devices. Simultaneously, the use of synchronous rectification reduces the power loss of the charger.

[0004] Current chargers cannot effectively charge over-discharged batteries, rendering them unusable and increasing operating costs. They lack precise battery voltage sampling and control mechanisms, cannot automatically detect and force charging during deep discharge, and cannot flexibly adjust the charging process based on battery voltage status, leading to overcharging or incomplete charging and affecting battery lifespan. Therefore, we need to propose a charger capable of forcibly charging over-discharged batteries. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a charger capable of forcibly charging over-discharged batteries. It can forcibly charge over-discharged batteries that other chargers cannot charge. When a deep discharge is detected, the charger outputs voltage to activate the charging process, solving the problem of battery charging in special circumstances and increasing the charger's applicability. When the charging voltage approaches a threshold, charging stops to prevent overcharging from damaging the battery. Simultaneously, a closed-loop cycle is achieved, automatically adjusting the charging state according to the battery voltage to ensure the stability and safety of the charging process, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a charger capable of forcibly charging an over-discharged battery, comprising:

[0007] A pulse modulation circuit for controlling the battery output voltage;

[0008] A voltage control circuit that amplifies the output voltage and charges the battery.

[0009] A battery voltage sampling circuit that controls the power supply to the relay and pulse modulation circuit;

[0010] Charging control module;

[0011] The voltage control circuit and the battery voltage sampling circuit are both electrically connected to the pulse modulation circuit, and the pulse modulation circuit and the battery voltage sampling circuit are both electrically connected to the charging control module.

[0012] Preferably, the pulse modulation circuit includes a PWM control chip U3, comparators U1A, U1C, U1D, U2A, U2B, U2C, and U2D. A resistor R66 is connected between pin 15 of the PWM control chip U3 and pin 14 of the comparator U2D. A resistor R69 is connected between pin 13 of the comparator U2D and pin 8 of the comparator U2C. A resistor R72 is connected between pin 10 of the comparator U2C and pin 7 of the comparator U2B. A series resistor R53, a resistor R55, a resistor R91, and a resistor R106 are connected to pin 5 of the comparator U2B.

[0013] Preferably, resistors R78, R76, and R68 are connected in series between pin 1 of comparator U1A and pin 13 of comparator U2D; resistors R93 and R94 are connected in series between pin 8 of comparator U1C and pin 12 of comparator U1D; resistor R62 is connected between pin 14 of comparator U1D and pin 6 of PWM control chip U3; and resistor R58 is connected between pin 1 of comparator U2A and pin 2 of PWM control chip U3.

[0014] Preferably, pin 8 of the PWM control chip U3 is connected to a transistor Q15 and a resistor R29 in parallel, pin 11 of the PWM control chip U3 is connected to a transistor Q14 and a resistor R28 in parallel, the emitter of the transistor Q14 is connected to a capacitor C73 and resistors R30 and R31 in parallel, and pin 12 of the PWM control chip U3 is connected to a diode D5.

[0015] Preferably, the voltage control circuit includes a transformer T1, a sampling transformer T2, and a transformer T3. The emitter of the transistor Q14 is connected to pin 1 of the transformer T1, the diode D5 is connected to pin 2 of the transformer T1, and the emitter of the transistor Q15 is connected to pin 3 of the transformer T1.

[0016] Preferably, multiple switching control circuits are connected between transformer T1 and sampling transformer T2, and between transformer T1 and transformer T3. Each switching control circuit includes a MOSFET Q2 and a transistor Q8. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the collector of transistor Q8, and the source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q8. A resistor R32 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q2 and is connected to pin 4 of transformer T1. A resistor R44 and a diode D21 are connected between the base and emitter of transistor Q8 and are connected to pin 5 of transformer T1. A capacitor C39 is also connected to the emitter of transistor Q8 and is connected to pin 1 of transformer T3.

[0017] Preferably, diodes D13 and D14 are connected between pins 3 and 5 of the sampling transformer T2, and resistors R11, C7, and R12 are connected in parallel to diodes D13 and D14; inductors L33 and L34 are connected in parallel to pin 3 of the transformer T3, and inductors L35 and L36 are connected in parallel to pin 5 of the transformer T3; one end of inductors L33 and L34 is connected to rectifier diode D2, and one end of inductors L35 and L36 is connected to rectifier diode D3; the terminals of rectifier diodes D2 and D3 are connected to inductor L3; and capacitors E11, C2, and C3 are connected in parallel between one end of inductor L3 and pin 4 of the transformer T3.

[0018] Preferably, the battery voltage sampling circuit includes a comparator U1B, a transistor Q16, a transistor Q17, a transistor Q12, and a relay K1. Pin 5 of the comparator U1B is connected to a resistor R85 and a resistor R105. One end of the resistor R105 is connected to a resistor R110 and a resistor R111. The two ends of the resistor R111 are connected to a capacitor C53 and a diode D26 in parallel.

[0019] The base of transistor Q16 is connected to resistor R7. Resistors R41 and R42 are connected between the base and emitter of transistor Q17. The terminals of resistors R41 and R42 are connected to the collector of transistor Q16. Resistor R6 is connected between the collector of transistor Q17 and pin 1 of relay K1. The collector of transistor Q12 is connected to pin 2 of relay K1. Resistor R109 and diode D27 are connected between the base of transistor Q12 and pin 7 of comparator U1B. Resistor R108 is connected to the terminals of resistor R109 and diode D27.

[0020] Preferably, the charging control module includes a charging interface P1, a resistor R7 connected to pin 4 of the charging interface P1, a comparator U1B connected to pin 7 of the charging interface P1, the terminals of resistors R110 and R111 connected to pin 8 of the charging interface P1, a resistor R106 connected to pin 9 of the charging interface P1, and a resistor R108 connected to pin 12 of the charging interface P1.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] 1. This utility model can force charge over-discharged batteries that cannot be charged by other chargers. When a deep discharge of the battery is detected, the charger outputs voltage to achieve strong activation charging of the battery, solving the problem of battery charging under special circumstances and increasing the applicability of the charger.

[0023] 2. This utility model stops charging when the charging voltage approaches the threshold to avoid overcharging and damage to the battery. At the same time, it realizes a closed-loop cycle and automatically adjusts the charging state according to the battery voltage to ensure the stability and safety of the charging process. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the pulse modulation circuit of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage control circuit of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the battery voltage sampling circuit of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the charging control module of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a charger capable of forcibly charging an over-discharged battery, comprising:

[0030] A pulse modulation circuit that controls the battery output voltage; no output when high level, duty cycle between 46-63, 3.9KHZ frequency, a larger duty cycle results in a higher output voltage, thus controlling the battery output voltage.

[0031] When selecting the current magnitude for the 3.9K frequency reference, the duty cycle is different. In car ignition mode, the duty cycle is 47%, with a 2-minute timer.

[0032] The pulse modulation circuit includes a PWM control chip U3, comparators U1A, U1C, U1D, U2A, U2B, U2C, and U2D. A resistor R66 is connected between pin 15 of the PWM control chip U3 and pin 14 of the comparator U2D. A resistor R69 is connected between pin 13 of the comparator U2D and pin 8 of the comparator U2C. A resistor R72 is connected between pin 10 of the comparator U2C and pin 7 of the comparator U2B. A series resistor R53, R55, R91, and R106 are connected to pin 5 of the comparator U2B.

[0033] Resistors R78, R76, and R68 are connected in series between pin 1 of comparator U1A and pin 13 of comparator U2D. Resistors R93 and R94 are connected in series between pin 8 of comparator U1C and pin 12 of comparator U1D. Resistor R62 is connected between pin 14 of comparator U1D and pin 6 of PWM control chip U3. Resistor R58 is connected between pin 1 of comparator U2A and pin 2 of PWM control chip U3.

[0034] Pin 8 of the PWM control chip U3 is connected to a transistor Q15 and a resistor R29 in parallel. Pin 11 of the PWM control chip U3 is connected to a transistor Q14 and a resistor R28 in parallel. The emitter of the transistor Q14 is connected to a capacitor C73 and resistors R30 and R31 in parallel. Pin 12 of the PWM control chip U3 is connected to a diode D5.

[0035] The voltage at pin 16 of the PWM control chip U3 is the reference voltage. When the voltage at pin 15 of the PWM control chip U3 is higher than the voltage at pin 16, pins 8 and 11 of the PWM control chip U3 output a waveform with a frequency of 80kHz, which drives the transformer, and the product outputs voltage. When the charging voltage reaches 14.8V, the voltages at pins 15 and 16 of the PWM control chip U3 become the same, and charging stops, keeping the output voltage stable at around 14.8V. That is, charging stops when the voltage is high and starts when the voltage is low, forcibly activating the deeply discharged battery and charging it to around 14.8V.

[0036] A voltage control circuit that amplifies the output voltage and charges the battery.

[0037] The voltage control circuit includes a transformer T1, a sampling transformer T2, and a transformer T3. The emitter of the transistor Q14 is connected to pin 1 of the transformer T1, the diode D5 is connected to pin 2 of the transformer T1, and the emitter of the transistor Q15 is connected to pin 3 of the transformer T1.

[0038] Multiple switching control circuits are connected between transformer T1 and sampling transformer T2, and between transformer T1 and transformer T3. Each switching control circuit includes a MOSFET Q2 and a transistor Q8. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the collector of transistor Q8, and the source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q8. A resistor R32 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q2 and is connected to pin 4 of transformer T1. A resistor R44 and a diode D21 are connected between the base and emitter of transistor Q8 and are connected to pin 5 of transformer T1. A capacitor C39 is also connected to the emitter of transistor Q8 and is connected to pin 1 of transformer T3.

[0039] A diode D13 and a diode D14 are connected between pins 3 and 5 of the sampling transformer T2. A resistor R11, a capacitor C7, and a resistor R12 are connected in parallel to diodes D13 and D14. An inductor L33 and an inductor L34 are connected in parallel to pin 3 of the transformer T3. An inductor L35 and an inductor L36 are connected in parallel to pin 5 of the transformer T3. A rectifier diode D2 is connected to one end of inductor L33 and inductor L34. A rectifier diode D3 is connected to one end of inductor L35 and inductor L36. An inductor L3 is connected to the terminals of rectifier diodes D2 and D3. A capacitor E11, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3 are connected in parallel between one end of inductor L3 and pin 4 of the transformer T3.

[0040] A battery voltage sampling circuit that controls the power supply to the relay and pulse modulation circuit;

[0041] The battery voltage sampling circuit includes a comparator U1B, transistors Q16, Q17, Q12, and a relay K1. Pin 5 of the comparator U1B is connected to resistors R85 and R105. One end of resistor R105 is connected to resistors R110 and R111. The two ends of resistor R111 are connected to a capacitor C53 and a diode D26 in parallel.

[0042] The base of transistor Q16 is connected to resistor R7. Resistors R41 and R42 are connected between the base and emitter of transistor Q17. The terminals of resistors R41 and R42 are connected to the collector of transistor Q16. Resistor R6 is connected between the collector of transistor Q17 and pin 1 of relay K1. The collector of transistor Q12 is connected to pin 2 of relay K1. Resistor R109 and diode D27 are connected between the base of transistor Q12 and pin 7 of comparator U1B. Resistor R108 is connected between the terminals of resistor R109 and diode D27. Diode D27 is used for reverse connection protection; in reverse connection, the voltage at pin 7 of comparator U1B is 0V.

[0043] When the voltage is high, the PWM control chip U3 is powered normally. When it is in sleep mode and not charging, the voltage is low and the PWM control chip U3 is not powered.

[0044] Charging control module;

[0045] The charging control module includes a charging interface P1, a resistor R7 connected to pin 4 of the charging interface P1, a comparator U1B connected to pin 7 of the charging interface P1, resistors R110 and R111 connected to pin 8 of the charging interface P1, a resistor R106 connected to pin 9 of the charging interface P1, and a resistor R108 connected to pin 12 of the charging interface P1.

[0046] Pin 1 of charging interface P1 is connected to resistor R116 for current sampling; pin 2 of charging interface P1 is connected to resistor RT1 for temperature sampling; pin 3 of charging interface P1 is connected to resistor R13 for fan control, which enables the high-potential fan to turn; pin 7 of charging interface P1 is connected to resistor R104, which activates the high-potential output relay and deactivates the low-potential relay, preventing charging.

[0047] Pin 8 of the charging interface P1 is used for high-potential output relay operation. When the low-potential relay is off, charging stops. This port also has a function of sampling battery voltage. Pin 9 of the charging interface P1 is used for no output when the level is high. The duty cycle is between 46-63, with a frequency of 3.9KHZ. A larger duty cycle results in a higher output voltage, controlling the battery output voltage.

[0048] Pin 10 of charging interface P1: When selecting the current magnitude at a 3.9K frequency reference, the duty cycle is different; Pin 11 of charging interface P1: High potential product works normally, low potential charging protection relay is also disconnected, such as temperature protection; Pin 12 of charging interface P1: High potential relay K1 is working, low potential relay K1 is disconnected and there is no output.

[0049] The voltage control circuit and the battery voltage sampling circuit are both electrically connected to the pulse modulation circuit, and the pulse modulation circuit and the battery voltage sampling circuit are both electrically connected to the charging control module.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A charger capable of forcibly charging an over-discharged battery, characterized by comprising: The utility model relates to a battery charging control circuit, including: pulse modulation circuit of the control battery output voltage; voltage control circuit that amplifies the voltage of output and charges the battery; battery voltage sampling circuit that controls relay and pulse modulation circuit power supply; charging control module; The voltage control circuit, battery voltage sampling circuit all are electric connection with pulse modulation circuit, pulse modulation circuit, battery voltage sampling circuit all are electric connection with charging control module.

2. The charger capable of forcibly charging an over-discharged battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse modulation circuit includes PWM control chip U3, comparator U1A, comparator U1C, comparator U1D, comparator U2A, comparator U2B, comparator U2C, comparator U2D, be connected between the 15 pin of PWM control chip U3 and the 14 pin of comparator U2D with resistance R66, be connected between the 13 pin of comparator U2D and the 8 pin of comparator U2C with resistance R69, be connected between the 10 pin of comparator U2C and the 7 pin of comparator U2B with resistance R72, the 5 pin of comparator U2B is connected with resistance R53, resistance R55, resistance R91 and resistance R106 that are arranged in series.

3. A charger capable of forced charging of an over-discharged battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The 1 pin of comparator U1A is connected with resistance R78, resistance R76, resistance R68 in series between the 13 pin of comparator U2D, be connected in series with resistance R93 and resistance R94 between the 8 pin of comparator U1C and the 12 pin of comparator U1D, be connected with resistance R62 between the 14 pin of comparator U1D and the 6 pin of PWM control chip U3, be connected with resistance R58 between the 1 pin of comparator U2A and the 2 pin of PWM control chip U3.

4. The charger capable of forcibly charging an over-discharged battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The 8 pin of PWM control chip U3 is connected with triode Q15 and resistance R29 that are arranged in parallel, the 11 pin of PWM control chip U3 is connected with triode Q14 and resistance R28 that are arranged in parallel, the emitter of triode Q14 is connected with capacitor C73 and resistance R30 and resistance R31 that are arranged in parallel, the 12 pin of PWM control chip U3 is connected with diode D5.

5. A charger capable of forced charging of an over-discharged battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The voltage control circuit includes transformer T1, sampling transformer T2, transformer T3, the emitter of triode Q14 is connected on the 1 pin of transformer T1, diode D5 is connected on the 2 pin of transformer T1, the emitter of triode Q15 is connected on the 3 pin of transformer T1.

6. A charger capable of forced charging of an over-discharged battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of switch control circuits are connected between transformer T1 and sampling transformer T2 and between transformer T1 and transformer T3, the switch control circuit includes MOS tube Q2, triode Q8, the gate of MOS tube Q2 is connected with the collector of triode Q8, the source of MOS tube Q2 is connected with the emitter of triode Q8, the gate of MOS tube Q2 is connected with resistance R32, resistance R32 is connected on the 4 pin of transformer T1, resistance R44 and diode D21 are connected between the base and emitter of triode Q8, resistance R44 is connected on the 5 pin of transformer T1, the emitter of triode Q8 is also connected with capacitor C39, capacitor C39 is connected on the 1 pin of transformer T3.

7. A charger capable of forced charging of an over-discharged battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The 3 feet and 5 feet of the sampling mutual inductor T2 are connected with diode D13 and diode D14, the diode D13 and diode D14 are connected with parallelly arranged resistor R11, capacitor C7 and resistor R12; the 3 feet of the transformer T3 are connected with parallelly arranged inductance L33 and inductance L34, the 5 feet of the transformer T3 are connected with parallelly arranged inductance L35 and inductance L36, one end of the inductance L33 and inductance L34 is connected with rectifier diode D2, one end of the inductance L35 and inductance L36 is connected with rectifier diode D3, the wiring end of the rectifier diode D2 and rectifier diode D3 is connected with inductance L3, one end of the inductance L3 and the 4 feet of the transformer T3 are connected with parallelly arranged capacitor E11, capacitor C2 and capacitor C3.

8. A charger capable of forced charging of an over-discharged battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery voltage sampling circuit comprises comparator U1B, triode Q16, triode Q17, triode Q12 and relay K1, the 5 feet of the comparator U1B are connected with resistor R85 and resistor R105 respectively, one end of the resistor R105 is connected with resistor R110 and resistor R111 respectively, the both ends of the resistor R111 are connected with parallelly arranged capacitor C53 and diode D26; The base of the triode Q16 is connected with resistor R7, the base and the emitter of the triode Q17 are connected with resistor R41 and resistor R42, the wiring end of the resistor R41 and resistor R42 is connected on the collector of the triode Q16, the collector of the triode Q17 and the 1 feet of the relay K1 are connected with resistor R6, the collector of the triode Q12 is connected with the 2 feet of the relay K1, the base of the triode Q12 and the 7 feet of the comparator U1B are connected with resistor R109 and diode D27, the wiring end of the resistor R109 and diode D27 is connected with resistor R108.

9. A charger capable of forced charging of an over-discharged battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The charging control module comprises charging interface P1, the resistor R7 is connected on the 4 feet of the charging interface P1, the 7 feet of the comparator U1B is connected on the 7 feet of the charging interface P1, the wiring end of the resistor R110 and resistor R111 is connected on the 8 feet of the charging interface P1, the resistor R106 is connected on the 9 feet of the charging interface P1, the resistor R108 is connected on the 12 feet of the charging interface P1.

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