Battery piece intermediate and battery piece
By forming an insulating strip along the edge of the conductive functional layer in the intermediate layer of the solar cell, the problem of localized conductivity between the front and back sides of the solar cell is solved, thereby improving the efficiency and performance of the solar cell.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
When forming the TCO layer and seed layer on the cell precursor, a conductive side deposition layer is easily formed on the side, causing localized conductivity on the front and back of the cell, which affects the efficiency of the solar cell.
By forming an isolation band at the edge of the conductive functional layer, the conductive side deposition layer cannot connect to the conductive functional layer. The edge material of the conductive functional layer is removed by etching technology to form an isolation band to block local short circuits on the front and back of the cell.
This improves the efficiency of the solar cells, prevents localized short circuits caused by the connection of the conductive side deposited layers, and enhances the performance of the solar cells.
Smart Images
Figure CN223993855U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery cell and semiconductor manufacturing, and relates to a battery cell intermediate and a battery cell. Background Technology
[0002] During the process of forming a TCO layer on the cell precursor, a TCO side deposition layer is easily formed on the side of the cell precursor. This can cause localized conductivity on the front and back sides of the formed cell, thereby affecting the efficiency of the cell solar cell.
[0003] Furthermore, when using copper electroplating to fabricate the electrodes for solar cells, a seed layer needs to be formed on the TCO layer first. During the formation of the seed layer, a metal-side deposition layer can easily form on the sides of the solar cell precursor and the TCO layer, which can also cause localized conductivity on the front and back sides of the formed solar cell, thereby affecting the efficiency of the solar cell.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of solar cells to enhance their efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery cell intermediate and a battery cell, which improves the efficiency of the battery cell by forming an isolation strip at the edge of the conductive functional layer.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0007] A battery cell intermediate, comprising:
[0008] Solar cell precursor;
[0009] A conductive functional layer disposed on the precursor of the battery cell;
[0010] The edge of the conductive functional layer is recessed relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor to form an isolation band, preventing the conductive side deposition layer from connecting to the conductive functional layer.
[0011] In this invention, the conductive side deposition layer refers to the conductive layer deposited on the side of the battery cell precursor and the side of the conductive functional layer during the forming process of the conductive functional layer. It is located on the side and is capable of conducting electricity.
[0012] In some embodiments, the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer; or, the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer and a seed layer, wherein the TCO layer and the seed layer are sequentially disposed on the solar cell precursor.
[0013] In some embodiments, a mask layer is provided on the conductive functional layer; and / or, an edge-sealing mask layer is provided on the edge of the conductive functional layer.
[0014] In some embodiments, the conductive functional layer is provided with metal grid lines.
[0015] In some embodiments, a TCO reduction metal layer is embedded on the TCO layer, and the metal gate lines are disposed on the TCO reduction metal layer.
[0016] In some embodiments, the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer and a seed layer;
[0017] The edge of the seed layer is recessed relative to the mask layer;
[0018] The edge of the TCO layer is recessed relative to the mask layer;
[0019] The edge of the TCO layer bulges outward relative to the edge of the seed layer.
[0020] In some embodiments, the edge of the seed layer is recessed by a distance d2 relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor by 0.05mm-1.5mm; the edge of the TCO layer is recessed by a distance d1 relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor by 0.03mm-1mm.
[0021] In some embodiments, the material of the TCO layer is selected from one or more of ICO, IWO, or ITO, and the thickness of the TCO layer is 15-150 nm. The material of the seed layer is selected from one or more of Cu, Ti, W, Cr, Ni, Co, Mo, Sn, Pb, Pd, and In, and the thickness of the seed layer is 30 nm-1000 nm.
[0022] In some embodiments, the conductive functional layer is a TCO layer, which is disposed at intervals on the cell precursor, and local areas on the cell precursor are exposed to form an insulating strip.
[0023] A type of battery cell is prepared using the aforementioned battery cell intermediate.
[0024] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the embodiments of this utility model have the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the edge of the conductive functional layer is recessed relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor to form an isolation band, so that the conductive side deposition layer cannot connect to the conductive functional layer; the battery cell formed by the preparation of the battery cell intermediate also has an isolation band, which blocks the local short circuit formed by the connection between the front and back sides of the battery cell through the conductive side deposition layer, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery cell. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1.1 This is a cross-sectional view of the first intermediate structure in Example 1;
[0027] Figure 1.2 This is a cross-sectional view of the second intermediate structure in Example 1;
[0028] Figure 1.3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first type of battery cell intermediate in Example 1;
[0029] Figure 1.4 This is a cross-sectional view of the second type of battery cell intermediate in Example 1;
[0030] Figure 1.5 This is a cross-sectional view of the third type of battery cell intermediate in Example 1;
[0031] Figure 1.6 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell in Example 1;
[0032] Figure 2.1 This is a cross-sectional view of the fourth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 2;
[0033] Figure 2.2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fifth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 2;
[0034] Figure 2.3 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell in Example 2;
[0035] Figure 3.1 This is a cross-sectional view of the first intermediate structure in Example 3;
[0036] Figure 3.2 This is a cross-sectional view of the second intermediate structure in Example 3;
[0037] Figure 3.3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first type of battery cell intermediate in Example 3;
[0038] Figure 3.4 This is a cross-sectional view of the second type of battery cell intermediate in Example 3;
[0039] Figure 3.5 This is a cross-sectional view of the third type of battery cell intermediate in Example 3;
[0040] Figure 3.6 This is a cross-sectional view of the fourth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 3;
[0041] Figure 3.7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fifth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 3;
[0042] Figure 3.8 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell in Example 3;
[0043] Figure 4.1This is a cross-sectional view of the first intermediate structure in Example 4;
[0044] Figure 4.2 This is a cross-sectional view of the second intermediate structure in Example 4;
[0045] Figure 4.3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first type of battery cell intermediate in Example 4;
[0046] Figure 4.4 This is a cross-sectional view of the second type of battery cell intermediate in Example 4;
[0047] Figure 4.5 This is a cross-sectional view of the third type of battery cell intermediate in Example 4;
[0048] Figure 4.6 This is a cross-sectional view of the fourth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 4;
[0049] Figure 4.7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fifth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 4;
[0050] Figure 4.8 This is a cross-sectional view of the sixth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 4;
[0051] Figure 4.9 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell in Example 4;
[0052] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate body of the battery cell, showing the edge of the conductive functional layer bulging outward relative to the edge of the mask layer.
[0053] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate body of the battery cell where the edge of the conductive functional layer is recessed relative to the edge of the mask layer.
[0054] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;
[0055] Figure 8.1 This is a cross-sectional view of the first intermediate structure in Example 7;
[0056] Figure 8.2 This is a cross-sectional view of the second intermediate structure in Example 7;
[0057] Figure 8.3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first type of battery cell intermediate in Example 7;
[0058] Figure 8.4 This is a cross-sectional view of the second type of battery cell intermediate in Example 7;
[0059] Figure 8.5This is a cross-sectional view of the third type of battery cell intermediate in Example 7;
[0060] Figure 8.6 This is a cross-sectional view of the fourth type of battery cell intermediate in Example 7;
[0061] Figure 8.7 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell in Example 7;
[0062] in:
[0063] 1. Battery cell precursor, 2. TCO layer, 21. TCO side deposition layer, 22. TCO reduced metal layer, 23. Insulating tape, 3. Mask layer, 31. Mask opening, 3a. First mask layer, 3a1. Second mask layer, 3b. Second mask opening, 3b1. Seed layer, 4. Metal side deposition layer, 41. Metal grid line, 5. Edge-sealing mask layer, 6. Detailed Implementation
[0064] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The implementation conditions used in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to different requirements of specific use, and the implementation conditions not specified are conventional conditions in the industry. The technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0065] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0066] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0067] During the formation of the conductive functional layer using methods such as RPD (Reactive Plasma Deposition) or PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), a conductive side deposition layer is deposited on the side of the solar cell precursor 1. For example, if the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer (Transparent Conductive Layer) 2 and a seed layer 4, then the conductive side deposition layer consists of a TCO side deposition layer 21 and a metal side deposition layer 41. This conductive side deposition layer connects the front and back sides of the solar cell, causing a localized short circuit and reducing the cell's efficiency.
[0068] Therefore, embodiments of this utility model provide a battery cell intermediate, including a battery cell precursor; a conductive functional layer disposed on the battery cell precursor; the edge of the conductive functional layer is recessed relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor to form an isolation band, so that the conductive side deposition layer cannot be connected to the conductive functional layer.
[0069] The conductive functional layer includes at least a TCO layer 2, and may include a TCO layer 2 and a seed layer 4. The conductive functional layer may also include a TCO layer 2 and other conductive layers.
[0070] The preparation of the intermediate battery cell may include the following steps: providing a battery cell precursor 1; forming a conductive functional layer on the battery cell precursor 1; forming a mask layer 3 on the conductive functional layer, such that the edge of the mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the conductive functional layer; etching the edge of the conductive functional layer to remove the edge material of the conductive functional layer, such that the edge of the conductive functional layer is recessed relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor 1.
[0071] The edge of the mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the conductive functional layer, so that the edge of the conductive functional layer is exposed and not covered by the mask layer 3. When etching the edge of the conductive functional layer, the exposed area of the edge of the conductive functional layer that is not covered by the mask layer 3 can be removed, that is, the edge material of the conductive functional layer is removed. This results in the edge of the conductive functional layer being recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1, that is, an isolation band is formed at the edge of the conductive functional layer, so that the conductive side deposition layer cannot connect to the conductive functional layer. The isolation band blocks the local short circuit formed by the connection between the front and back of the cell through the conductive side deposition layer, which can improve the efficiency of the cell.
[0072] Local short circuits formed between the front and back sides of the solar cell by the conductive side deposition layer can be broken by removing the conductive side deposition layer. Therefore, when etching the edge of the conductive functional layer, the conductive side deposition layer generated during the formation of the conductive functional layer on the solar cell precursor 1 is removed simultaneously to further improve the efficiency of the solar cell.
[0073] This invention also provides a battery cell prepared from the aforementioned battery cell intermediate.
[0074] During the fabrication of this solar cell, the mask layer 3 is removed from the intermediate layer of the solar cell, and metal grid lines are formed on the conductive functional layer. Preferably, the metal grid lines 5 are formed on the conductive functional layer by screen printing. When the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer 2 and a seed layer 4, after the metal grid lines are formed on the seed layer, the seed layer outside the area occupied by the metal grid lines is etched away.
[0075] It should be noted that if mask layer 3 is only used to define the boundary after etching of the conductive functional layer, the thickness of mask layer 3 is relatively thin, generally 0.5-5 μm, reducing the use of mask layer 3 and saving costs. If mask layer 3 is also used to pattern the mask opening 31, the thickness of mask layer 3 is relatively thick, generally 5-20 μm, to obtain a mask opening 31 of appropriate depth. The materials of mask layer 3, edge-sealing mask layer 6, first mask layer 3a and second mask layer 3b can all be thermosetting resin or photocurable resin or improved materials based on both; for example, mask layer 3 is a photoresist. The cell precursor 1 can be a silicon wafer substrate with a microcrystalline silicon layer or an amorphous silicon layer.
[0076] The following describes the structure of the battery cell intermediate and the battery cell in the embodiments of this utility model in more specific ways, and introduces their preparation methods.
[0077] Example 1
[0078] This embodiment provides a battery cell intermediate and a battery cell.
[0079] The intermediate cell includes a cell precursor 1 and a TCO layer 2 disposed on the cell precursor 1. The edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1 to form an isolation zone, preventing the TCO-side deposition layer 21 from connecting to the TCO layer 2. A mask layer 3 is disposed on the TCO layer 2. The structure of the intermediate cell is as follows: Figure 1.3 As shown in 1.4 or 1.5, Figure 1.5 In the middle, a TCO reduction metal layer 22 is embedded on the TCO layer 2.
[0080] The preparation of this intermediate cell includes the following steps: providing a cell precursor 1; forming a TCO layer 2 on the cell precursor 1, for example, forming... Figure 1.1 The intermediate structure is shown. A mask layer 3 is formed on the TCO layer 2, such that the edge of the mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the TCO layer 2, for example, forming... Figure 1.2 The intermediate structure is shown. The edges of the TCO layer 2 are etched to remove the edge material, causing the edges of the TCO layer 2 to retract inward relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1. Simultaneously, the TCO-side deposited layer 21 is removed, for example, to form... Figure 1.3 The battery cell intermediate shown.
[0081] Patterning the mask layer 3 to obtain the mask opening 31, for example, forming Figure 1.4 The battery cell intermediate shown. A localized reduction reaction is performed on a region of the TCO layer 2 below the mask opening 31 to obtain a TCO-reduced metal layer 22, for example, forming... Figure 1.5 The battery cell intermediate shown.
[0082] The structure of the solar cell is as follows Figure 1.6 As shown.
[0083] During the fabrication of solar cells, Figure 1.5 Based on the intermediate battery cell shown, the mask layer 3 is removed, and metal grid lines 5 are formed on the TCO reduced metal layer 22 to form... Figure 1.6 The battery cells shown.
[0084] Preferably, patterning includes an exposure process and a development process; or local areas of the mask layer 3 are removed by other physical or chemical methods to achieve the purpose of patterning.
[0085] Preferably, the material of the TCO layer is selected from one or more of ICO (indium cerium oxide), IWO (indium tungsten oxide), or ITO (indium tin oxide). For example, when the material of the TCO layer is ITO, the material of the TCO reduced metal layer 22 is indium and / or tin.
[0086] Preferably, the method for forming the metal grid lines 5 includes screen printing, printing or spraying; wherein the raw material for screen printing can be silver paste or copper paste.
[0087] In this example, the edge of the mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the TCO layer 2, exposing the edge of the TCO layer 2 without being covered by the mask layer 3. When etching the edge of the TCO layer 2, the exposed area not covered by the mask layer 3 can be removed, i.e., the edge material of the TCO layer 2 is removed. This results in the edge of the TCO layer 2 being recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1, forming an isolation band at the edge of the TCO layer 2. This prevents the TCO-side deposition layer 21 from connecting to the TCO layer 2. The isolation band blocks the local short circuit formed between the front and back sides of the cell through the TCO-side deposition layer 21, improving the cell efficiency. Furthermore, when etching the edge of the TCO layer 2, the TCO-side deposition layer 21 generated during the formation of the conductive functional layer on the cell precursor 1 is simultaneously removed, further improving the cell efficiency. Furthermore, a reduction reaction is performed on a local area of the TCO layer 2 below the mask opening 31 to obtain a TCO reduced metal layer 22. Then, metal grid lines 5 are formed on the TCO reduced metal layer 22. The contact stress between the metal grid lines 5 and the TCO reduced metal layer 22 is greater than the contact stress between the metal grid lines 5 and the TCO layer 2. The connection effect between the metal grid lines 5 and the TCO reduced metal layer 22 is better than the connection effect between the metal grid lines 5 and the TCO layer 2, making it less likely for the metal grid lines 5 to fall off.
[0088] Example 2
[0089] This embodiment provides a battery cell intermediate and a battery cell.
[0090] The intermediate cell includes a cell precursor 1 and a TCO layer 2 disposed on the cell precursor 1. The edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1 to form an isolation zone, preventing the TCO-side deposition layer 21 from connecting to the TCO layer 2. A mask layer 3 is disposed on the TCO layer 2. The structure of the intermediate cell is as follows: Figure 2.1 Or as shown in 2.2, Figure 2.1 In option 2.2, a TCO reduction metal layer 22 is embedded on the TCO layer 2, and an edge-sealing mask layer 6 is provided on the edge of the TCO layer 2.
[0091] The preparation of this intermediate cell includes the following steps: providing a cell precursor 1; forming a TCO layer 2 on the cell precursor 1, for example, forming... Figure 1.1 The intermediate structure is shown. A mask layer 3 is formed on the TCO layer 2, such that the edge of the mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the TCO layer 2, for example, forming... Figure 1.2 The intermediate structure is shown. The edges of the TCO layer 2 are etched to remove the edge material, causing the edges of the TCO layer 2 to retract inward relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1. Simultaneously, the TCO-side deposited layer 21 is removed, for example, to form... Figure 1.3The battery cell intermediate shown.
[0092] Patterning the mask layer 3 to obtain the mask opening 31, for example, forming Figure 1.4 The battery cell intermediate shown. A localized reduction reaction is performed on a region of the TCO layer 2 below the mask opening 31 to obtain a TCO-reduced metal layer 22, for example, forming... Figure 1.5 The battery cell intermediate shown. An edge-sealing mask layer 6 is formed on the edge of the TCO layer 2, covering the edge of the TCO layer 2, for example, forming... Figure 2.1 The battery cell intermediate shown. Metal grid lines 5 are formed by electroplating in the mask opening 31, for example, forming... Figure 2.2 The battery cell intermediate shown.
[0093] This embodiment improves cell efficiency by etching the edges of the TCO layer 2 to block local short circuits formed between the front and back sides of the solar cell via the TCO-side deposition layer 21. Metal grid lines 5 are formed on the TCO reduction metal layer 22, making them less prone to detachment. The metal grid lines 5 formed by electroplating can be finer; and by providing an edge-sealing mask layer 6, the sides of the TCO layer 2 can be prevented from being electroplated during the electroplating process.
[0094] Preferably, patterning the mask layer 3 to obtain the mask opening 31 includes the following steps: exposing the mask layer 3 before etching the sides of the TCO layer 2; after etching the sides of the TCO layer 2, heating the mask layer 3 to soften it and extend it to cover the sides of the TCO layer 2, forming a border mask layer 6; and developing the mask layer 3 to obtain the mask opening 31. Heating the mask layer 3 softens it and allows it to flow to the sides of the TCO layer 2 under gravity to cover them. The mask layer 3 extending to cover the sides of the TCO layer 2 forms a border mask layer 6, eliminating the need for an additional border mask layer 6, saving material and simplifying the process.
[0095] The structure of the solar cell is as follows Figure 2.3 As shown.
[0096] During the fabrication of solar cells, Figure 2.2 Based on the intermediate battery cell shown, mask layer 3 and edge-wrapping mask layer 6 are removed to form... Figure 2.3 The battery cells shown.
[0097] For preferred technical solutions and other technical effects of this embodiment, please refer to Embodiment 1.
[0098] Example 3
[0099] This embodiment provides a battery cell intermediate and a battery cell.
[0100] The intermediate cell includes a cell precursor 1 and a TCO layer 2 disposed on the cell precursor 1. The edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1 to form an isolation zone, preventing the TCO-side deposition layer 21 from connecting to the TCO layer 2. A mask layer 3 is disposed on the TCO layer 2. The structure of the intermediate cell is as follows: Figure 3.3 As shown in 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, or 3.7. Figure 3.5 In version 3.6, a sealing mask layer 6 is provided on the edge of the TCO layer 2.
[0101] The preparation of this intermediate cell includes the following steps: providing a cell precursor 1; forming a TCO layer 2 and a seed layer 4 on the cell precursor 1, for example, forming... Figure 3.1 The intermediate structure shown. A mask layer 3 is formed on the seed layer 4, such that the edge of the mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the seed layer 4, for example, forming... Figure 3.2 The intermediate structure is shown. The sides of TCO layer 2 and the edges of seed layer 4 are etched to remove the edge material of TCO layer 2 and seed layer 4, so that the edges of both TCO layer 2 and seed layer 4 are recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1. Simultaneously, the TCO-side deposition layer 21 and the metal-side deposition layer 41 are removed, for example, forming... Figure 3.3 The battery cell intermediate shown. The mask layer 3 is patterned to obtain the mask opening 31, for example, forming... Figure 3.4 The shown is a battery cell intermediate. An edge-sealing mask layer 6 is formed on the edge of the battery cell intermediate obtained in the preceding process. The edge-sealing mask layer 6 covers the edge of the TCO layer 2, for example, forming... Figure 3.5 The battery cell intermediate shown. Metal grid lines 5 are formed by electroplating in the mask opening 31, for example, forming... Figure 3.6 The shown is a battery cell intermediate. The mask layer 3 and the edge-wrapping mask layer 6 are removed, for example, to form... Figure 3.7 The battery cell intermediate shown.
[0102] This embodiment improves cell efficiency by etching the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the edges of the seed layer 4, thus blocking local short circuits formed between the front and back sides of the solar cell through the connection between the TCO-side deposition layer 21 and the metal-side deposition layer 41. The connection between the metal grid line 5 and the seed layer 4 is better than the connection between the metal grid line 5 and the TCO layer 2. This embodiment uses a seed layer 4 and then forms the metal grid line 5 on it, rather than forming the metal grid line 5 directly on the TCO layer 2, making the metal grid line 5 less prone to detachment.
[0103] Preferably, patterning the mask layer 3 to obtain the mask opening 31 includes the following steps: exposing the mask layer 3 before etching the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4; after etching the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4, heat-treating the mask layer 3 so that the mask layer 3 softens and extends to cover the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4, and the mask layer 3 extending to cover the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4 forms an edge-sealing mask layer 6; developing the mask layer 3 to obtain the mask opening 31. The mask layer 3 is heated, softened, and flows to the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4 under the action of gravity to cover the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4. The mask layer 3 that extends and covers the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4 is formed as the edge-sealing mask layer 6. There is no need to set an additional edge-sealing mask layer 6, which can save materials and simplify the process.
[0104] The structure of the solar cell is as follows Figure 3.8 As shown.
[0105] During the fabrication of solar cells, Figure 3.7 Based on the intermediate battery cell shown, the seed layer 4 is removed from the area occupied by the metal grid lines 5 to form... Figure 3.8 The battery cells shown.
[0106] For preferred technical solutions and other technical effects of this embodiment, please refer to Embodiment 1.
[0107] Example 4
[0108] This embodiment provides a bifacial battery cell intermediate and a bifacial battery cell.
[0109] The intermediate cell includes a cell precursor 1 and TCO layers 2 disposed above and below the cell precursor 1. The edges of the TCO layers 2 are recessed relative to the edges of the cell precursor 1 to form an isolation zone, preventing the TCO-side deposition layer 21 from connecting to the TCO layers 2. Mask layers 3 are disposed on both sides of the TCO layers 2. The structure of the intermediate cell is as follows: Figure 4.3 Or as shown in 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, or 4.8. Figure 4.6 In either 4.7 or 4.8, a sealing mask layer 6 is provided on the edge of the TCO layer 2 on both sides.
[0110] The preparation of this intermediate cell includes the following steps: providing a cell precursor 1. A TCO layer 2 is formed on each of the two sides of the cell precursor 1, for example, forming... Figure 4.1 The intermediate structure is shown. A mask layer 3 is formed on each TCO layer 2, such that the edge of each mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the corresponding TCO layer 2, for example, forming... Figure 4.2The intermediate structure is shown. The edges of each TCO layer 2 are etched to remove the edge material, causing the edges of each TCO layer 2 to be recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1. Simultaneously, the TCO-side deposited layer 21 is removed, for example, to form... Figure 4.3 The battery cell intermediate shown. Each mask layer 3 is patterned, and a mask opening 31 is obtained on each mask layer 3, for example, forming... Figure 4.4 The battery cell intermediate shown. A reduction reaction is performed on a localized region of the TCO layer 2 at the bottom of each mask opening 31 to obtain a TCO-reduced metal layer 22, for example, forming... Figure 4.5 The shown is a battery cell intermediate. An edge-sealing mask layer 6 is formed on the edge of the battery cell intermediate obtained in the preceding process. The edge-sealing mask layer 6 covers the edge of the TCO layer 2, for example, forming... Figure 4.6 The battery cell intermediate shown. Metal grid lines 5 are formed by electroplating in the mask opening 31, for example, forming... Figure 4.7 The shown is a battery cell intermediate. The edge-sealing mask layer 6 is removed, for example, to form... Figure 4.8 The battery cell intermediate shown.
[0111] This embodiment improves cell efficiency by etching the edges of the TCO layer 2 to block local short circuits formed between the front and back sides of the solar cell via the TCO-side deposition layer 21. Metal grid lines 5 are formed on the TCO reduction metal layer 22, making them less prone to detachment. The metal grid lines 5 formed by electroplating can be finer; and by providing an edge-sealing mask layer 6, the sides of the TCO layer 2 can be prevented from being electroplated during the electroplating process.
[0112] The structure of the solar cell is as follows Figure 4.9 As shown.
[0113] During the fabrication of solar cells, Figure 4.8 Based on the intermediate battery cell shown, mask layer 3 is removed to form... Figure 4.9 The double-sided solar cell shown.
[0114] For preferred technical solutions and other technical effects of this embodiment, please refer to Embodiment 1.
[0115] Example 5
[0116] This embodiment provides a battery cell intermediate and a bifacial battery cell.
[0117] The intermediate cell includes a cell precursor 1 and a TCO layer 2 disposed on the cell precursor 1. The edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1 to form an isolation zone, preventing the TCO-side deposition layer 21 from connecting to the TCO layer 2. A mask layer 3 is disposed on the TCO layer 2. The conductive functional layer includes the TCO layer 2 and a seed layer 4. The structure of the intermediate cell is as follows: Figure 5 or Figure 6 As shown. Figure 5 In the middle, the edge of seed layer 4 is flush with the edge of TCO layer 2. Figure 6 In the middle, the edge of seed layer 4 is recessed relative to mask layer 3, the edge of TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to mask layer 3, and the edge of TCO layer 2 is convex relative to the edge of seed layer 4.
[0118] The preparation of this intermediate solar cell includes the following steps: providing a solar cell precursor 1; forming a TCO layer 2 and a seed layer 4 on the solar cell precursor 1; forming a mask layer 3 on the seed layer 4, such that the edge of the mask layer 3 is recessed relative to the edge of the seed layer 4; etching the sides of the TCO layer 2 and the edges of the seed layer 4 to remove the edge material of the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4, such that the edges of both the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4 are recessed relative to the edge of the solar cell precursor 1, and simultaneously removing the TCO-side deposition layer 21 and the metal-side deposition layer 41.
[0119] Specifically, the edges of seed layer 4 are etched using a first etching solution, which is a mixed aqueous solution of 1% sulfuric acid and 5% hydrogen peroxide by mass percentage. After etching for 8 minutes, the edges of seed layer 4 are recessed relative to the edges of mask layer 3, meaning the size of seed layer 4 is smaller than the size of mask layer 3. After etching the edges of seed layer 4, the obtained intermediate battery cell is washed with water to remove any residual first etching solution. The edges of TCO layer 2 are etched using a second etching solution, which is a mixed aqueous solution of 21% hydrochloric acid and 10% ferric chloride by mass percentage. After etching for 6 minutes, the edges of TCO layer 2 are recessed relative to the edges of mask layer 3 and convex relative to the edges of seed layer 4, meaning the size of TCO layer 2 is smaller than the size of mask layer 3 but larger than the size of seed layer 4. In existing technologies, although there are processes that etch the edges of the seed layer 4 and the TCO layer 2 separately, usually after etching, the edges of the seed layer 4 and the TCO layer 2 are at most flush with the edge of the mask layer 3, and do not shrink inward. After etching the edges of the TCO layer 2, the obtained intermediate cell is washed with water again to remove the second etching solution remaining on the intermediate cell.
[0120] It should be noted that etching is performed on the sides of TCO layer 2 and the edge of seed layer 4 to remove the edge material of TCO layer 2 and seed layer 4, so that the edges of TCO layer 2 and seed layer 4 are both recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1, including the cases where the edges of seed layer 4 and TCO layer 2 are flush with, convex outward, and recessed inward relative to the edge of mask layer 3.
[0121] Preferably, the edge of the etched seed layer 4 is recessed by a distance d2 relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor 1 by 0.05mm-1.5mm; the edge of the etched TCO layer 2 is recessed by a distance d1 relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor 1 by 0.03mm-1mm; preferably, d2 > d1.
[0122] Example 6
[0123] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that a composite etching solution is used for a single etching process, simultaneously etching both the seed layer 4 and the TCO layer 2. Compared to etching the seed layer 4 and TCO layer 2 in steps, this reduces the etching time and improves the etching efficiency. The composite etching solution consists of an aqueous solution of acid, hydrogen peroxide, and ferric chloride, where the acid is a mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.
[0124] Preferably, the composite etching solution comprises 0.1%-2% sulfuric acid, 10%-20% hydrochloric acid, 2%-5% hydrogen peroxide, and 5%-10% ferric chloride (by mass percentage). More preferably, the sulfuric acid is 0.1%, the hydrochloric acid is 18%, the hydrogen peroxide is 3%, and the ferric chloride is 9%.
[0125] Preferably, the composite etching solution comprises 15%-40% hydrochloric acid, 2%-5% hydrogen peroxide, and 5%-10% ferric chloride (by mass percentage).
[0126] In Example 5, etching the seed layer 4 and TCO layer 2 took a total of 14 minutes. In Example 6, the two etching solutions from Example 5 were mixed to form a composite etching solution, and a single etching operation was performed, requiring only 4-5 minutes.
[0127] Example 7
[0128] This embodiment provides a battery cell intermediate and a battery cell.
[0129] The intermediate cell includes a cell precursor 1 and a TCO layer 2 disposed on the cell precursor 1. The edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1 to form an isolation zone, preventing the TCO-side deposition layer 21 from connecting to the TCO layer 2. A mask layer 3 is disposed on the TCO layer 2. The structure of the intermediate cell is as follows: Figure 8.3 As shown in 8.4, 8.5, or 8.6.
[0130] The preparation of this intermediate cell includes the following steps: providing a cell precursor 1; forming a TCO layer 2 on the cell precursor 1, for example, forming... Figure 8.1 The intermediate structure shown. A first mask layer 3a is formed on the TCO layer 2. The edge of the first mask layer 3a is recessed relative to the edge of the TCO layer 2. The first mask layer 3a has a first mask opening 3a1, for example, forming... Figure 8.2The intermediate structure shown. When etching the edge of the TCO layer 2, the TCO layer 2 at the bottom of the first mask opening 3a1 is simultaneously etched, so that the bottom of the first mask opening 3a1 extends to the surface of the cell precursor, for example, forming... Figure 8.3 The battery cell intermediate shown. A second mask layer 3b is formed on the recessed region of the TCO layer 2 and in the first mask opening 3a1; for example, forming Figure 8.4 The battery cell intermediate shown. The first mask layer 3a is removed, so that the top of the second mask layer 3b and the TCO layer 2 together form a second mask opening 3b1; for example, forming... Figure 8.5 The battery cell intermediate shown. Metal grid lines 5 are formed by electroplating in the second mask opening 3b1; for example, forming... Figure 8.6 The battery cell intermediate shown.
[0131] In this example, the edge of the first mask layer 3a is recessed relative to the edge of the TCO layer 2, so that the edge of the TCO layer 2 is exposed and not covered by the first mask layer 3a. When etching the edge of the TCO layer 2, the exposed area of the edge of the TCO layer 2 that is not covered by the first mask layer 3a can be removed, that is, the edge material of the TCO layer 2 is removed, thus forming the result that the edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1. That is, an isolation band is formed at the edge of the TCO layer 2, so that the TCO side deposition layer 21 cannot connect to the TCO layer 2. The isolation band blocks the local short circuit formed by the connection between the front and back of the cell through the TCO side deposition layer 21, which can improve the efficiency of the cell. Furthermore, when etching the edge of TCO layer 2, the TCO layer 2 at the bottom of the first mask opening 3a1 is also etched simultaneously, so that the bottom of the first mask opening 3a1 extends to the surface of the cell precursor: through a single etching operation, the edge etching and the central etching of TCO layer 2 are achieved, shortening the process flow. A second mask layer 3b is formed in the recessed area of TCO layer 2 and in the first mask opening 3a1: the second mask layer 3b can function as the edge-wrapping mask layer 6, preventing the edge of TCO layer 2 from being affected in the subsequent electroplating process; after removing the first mask layer 3a, the second mask layer 3b and the top of TCO layer 2 together form the second mask opening 3b1, providing a foundation for the subsequent electroplating process.
[0132] The structure of the solar cell is as follows Figure 8.7 As shown.
[0133] During the fabrication of solar cells, Figure 8.6 Based on the intermediate battery cell shown, the second mask layer 3b is removed; forming Figure 8.7 The battery cells shown.
[0134] The solar cell formed by this method exposes a local area on the precursor 1 to form an insulating strip 23, allowing sunlight to directly irradiate the insulating strip 23 without passing through the TCO layer 2. This reduces the impact of the TCO layer 2 on the sunlight irradiating the solar cell and can improve the efficiency of the solar cell.
[0135] Specifically, the first mask layer 3a is an acid-resistant mask, which is removed by an alkaline solution; the second mask layer 3b is an alkali-resistant mask, which is removed by an acidic solution.
[0136] Example 8
[0137] This embodiment provides a battery cell intermediate and a battery cell.
[0138] When preparing this intermediate battery cell, it is not necessary to etch the edge of the TCO layer 2. The specific steps include: providing a battery cell precursor 1; forming a TCO layer 2 on the battery cell precursor 1; forming a first mask layer 3a on the TCO layer 2, the edge of the first mask layer 3a being flush with or covering the edge of the TCO layer 2, and the first mask layer 3a having a first mask opening 3a1; etching the TCO layer 2 at the bottom of the first mask opening 3a1, so that the bottom of the first mask opening 3a1 extends to the surface of the battery cell precursor; forming a second mask layer 3b in the first mask opening 3a1; removing the first mask layer 3a, so that the second mask layer 3b and the top of the TCO layer 2 together form the second mask opening 3b1.
[0139] During the fabrication of the solar cell, metal grid lines 5 are electroplated in the second mask opening 3b1. The second mask layer 3b is then removed to form the solar cell. In this embodiment, a local area on the solar cell precursor 1 is exposed to form an insulating strip 23, allowing sunlight to directly irradiate the insulating strip 23 without passing through the TCO layer 2. This reduces the impact of the TCO layer 2 on the sunlight irradiating the solar cell and can improve the efficiency of the solar cell.
[0140] Example 9
[0141] This embodiment provides a battery cell intermediate, including: a battery cell precursor 1; a conductive functional layer disposed on the battery cell precursor 1; the edge of the conductive functional layer is recessed relative to the edge of the battery cell precursor 1 to form an isolation band, preventing the conductive side deposition layer from connecting to the conductive functional layer. The battery cell formed from this battery cell intermediate also has an isolation band, which blocks the local short circuit formed by the connection between the front and back sides of the battery cell through the conductive side deposition layer, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery cell.
[0142] Specifically, the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer 2; or, the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer 2 and a seed layer 4, wherein the TCO layer 2 and the seed layer 4 are sequentially disposed on the solar cell precursor 1. For example, see [link to example]. Figures 1.3-1.5 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 2.1-2.2 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 3.3-3.7 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 4.3-4.8 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figures 8.3-8.6 The structure of the intermediate battery cell shown is illustrated.
[0143] Specifically, a mask layer 3 is disposed on the conductive functional layer; and / or, an edge-sealing mask layer 6 is disposed on the edge of the conductive functional layer. For example, see [link to example]. Figures 1.3-1.5 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 2.1-2.2 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 3.3-3.6 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 4.3-4.8 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figures 8.3-8.6 The structure of the intermediate battery cell shown is illustrated.
[0144] Specifically, a metal gate line 5 is provided on the conductive functional layer. For example, see... Figures 3.6-3.7 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 4.7-4.8 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figure 8.6 The structure of the intermediate battery cell shown is illustrated.
[0145] Specifically, a TCO reduction metal layer 22 is embedded on the TCO layer 2, and metal gate lines 5 are disposed on the TCO reduction metal layer 22. For example, see... Figure 1.5 The shown is the intermediate structure of the battery cell. Figures 2.1-2.2 The structure of the intermediate battery cell shown is illustrated.
[0146] Specifically, the conductive functional layer includes a TCO layer 2 and a seed layer 4; the edge of the seed layer 4 is recessed relative to the mask layer 3; the edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed relative to the mask layer 3. For example, see... Figures 3.3-3.7 The structure of the intermediate battery cell shown is illustrated.
[0147] Specifically, the edge of TCO layer 2 bulges outward relative to the edge of seed layer 4. For example, see... Figure 6 The structure of the intermediate battery cell shown is illustrated.
[0148] Specifically, the edge of the seed layer 4 is recessed by a distance d2 relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1 by 0.05mm-1.5mm; the edge of the TCO layer 2 is recessed by a distance d1 relative to the edge of the cell precursor 1 by 0.03mm-1mm.
[0149] Specifically, the material of TCO layer 2 is selected from one or more of ICO, IWO, or ITO, and the thickness of TCO layer 2 is 15-150nm. The material of seed layer 4 is selected from one or more of Cu, Ti, W, Cr, Ni, Co, Mo, Sn, Pb, Pd, and In, and the thickness of seed layer 4 is 30nm-1000nm.
[0150] Specifically, the conductive functional layer is a TCO layer 2, which is spaced out on the cell precursor 1, and local areas on the cell precursor 1 are exposed to form insulating strips 23. For example, see [link to example]. Figures 8.3-8.6 The structure of the intermediate battery cell shown is illustrated.
[0151] The intermediate cell in this embodiment is an intermediate product in the cell manufacturing process, such as a portion of the intermediate cell generated using the methods in Examples 1-8.
[0152] In addition, this embodiment also provides a solar cell, which is prepared using the aforementioned solar cell intermediate. The solar cell also has an insulating strip, which blocks local short circuits formed between the front and back sides of the solar cell through the conductive side deposition layer, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar cell.
[0153] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A battery cell intermediate, characterized by, The battery piece intermediate body comprises: a battery piece precursor; a conductive functional layer arranged on the battery piece precursor; an edge of the conductive functional layer is recessed relative to an edge of the battery piece precursor to form an isolation band, so that the conductive functional layer cannot be connected to the conductive side deposition layer.
2. The battery cell intermediate of claim 1, wherein: The conductive functional layer comprises a TCO layer; or the conductive functional layer comprises a TCO layer and a seed layer, and the TCO layer and the seed layer are arranged on the battery piece precursor in sequence.
3. The cell intermedium according to claim 2, characterized in that: A metal grid line is arranged on the conductive functional layer.
4. The cell intermedium according to claim 3, characterized in that: A TCO reduction metal layer is embedded on the TCO layer, and the metal grid line is arranged on the TCO reduction metal layer.
5. The cell intermedia of claim 1, wherein: An edge of the conductive functional layer is provided with an edge mask layer.
6. The cell intermedia of claim 1, wherein: An edge of the conductive functional layer is provided with an edge mask layer; and the conductive functional layer is provided with a mask layer.
7. The cell intermedium according to claim 1, wherein: The conductive functional layer is provided with a mask layer.
8. The cell intermedium according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conductive functional layer comprises a TCO layer and a seed layer; and the TCO layer and the seed layer are arranged on the battery piece precursor in sequence. An edge of the seed layer is recessed relative to the mask layer. An edge of the TCO layer is recessed relative to the mask layer. An edge of the TCO layer is convex relative to an edge of the seed layer.
9. The cell intermedia of claim 1, wherein: The conductive functional layer comprises a TCO layer and a seed layer; and the TCO layer and the seed layer are arranged on the battery piece precursor in sequence; an edge of the seed layer is recessed relative to an edge of the battery piece precursor by a distance d2 of 0.05mm-1.5mm; and an edge of the TCO layer is recessed relative to an edge of the battery piece precursor by a distance d1 of 0.03mm-1mm.
10. The battery cell intermediate of claim 1, wherein, The conductive functional layer comprises a TCO layer and a seed layer; and the TCO layer and the seed layer are arranged on the battery piece precursor in sequence; a material of the TCO layer is selected from ITO, IWO or ITO; a thickness of the TCO layer is 15-150nm; and a material of the seed layer is selected from Cu, Ti, W, Cr, Ni, Co, Mo, Sn, Pb, Pd or In; and a thickness of the seed layer is 30nm-1000nm.
11. The cell intermedia of claim 1, wherein, The conductive functional layer is a TCO layer, and the TCO layer is arranged on the battery piece precursor in intervals, and a local area on the battery piece precursor is exposed to form an insulation band.
12. A battery sheet, characterized by The battery piece intermediate body is prepared by using any one of the battery piece intermediate bodies in claims 1-11.