Antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna and communication equipment, the antenna comprises a mainboard, a support, a circuit board, a first slot, a second slot and a parasitic structure, the support is arranged on the mainboard, the circuit board is arranged on the support, a plurality of conductive circuits are arranged on the circuit board, and the parasitic structure is arranged in the first slot. The conductive circuit forms a main radiator, the first slot is arranged on the circuit board, the second slot is arranged on the support, the first slot and the second slot are arranged correspondingly, one end of the parasitic structure is arranged on the support, the other end of the parasitic structure is arranged on the circuit board, and the parasitic structure is arranged on the circuit board. The parasitic structure and the main radiator are arranged at an interval, and the parasitic structure interacts with the main radiator through electromagnetic coupling. By means of the mode, the antenna can adjust the current path more accurately, and the working frequency band of the antenna is effectively expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] As communication technology has progressed from 2G and 3G to 4G and now to the 5G era, communication frequency bands have become increasingly diversified, placing higher demands on antennas' frequency coverage, signal transmission efficiency, and radiation performance. Traditional antenna designs are often limited to specific frequency bands. For example, early 2G and 3G antennas were mainly designed for low-frequency bands, while some 4G antennas, although capable of covering some mid-to-high frequency bands, are inadequate for 5G and various Wi-Fi frequency bands. This frequency band limitation not only necessitates the installation of multiple different antennas in communication equipment to meet diverse communication needs, but also increases equipment cost and size, leading to complex internal layouts, frequent signal interference problems, and severely restricting communication quality and equipment portability.

[0003] In implementing this application, the inventors discovered that existing antennas typically only cover a limited frequency range, failing to meet the multi-band requirements of 5G and future communication technologies. When users need to access services such as 5G or other different Wi-Fi frequency bands, they often need to replace the antenna or equipment, which not only increases user costs but also reduces the flexibility of communication services. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of this application is to provide an antenna that enables the antenna to adjust the current path more accurately and effectively expand the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application embodiment is: to provide an antenna, including a main board, a bracket, a circuit board, a first slot, a second slot, and a parasitic structure. The bracket is disposed on the main board, the circuit board is disposed on the bracket, and the circuit board has multiple conductive lines, which constitute a main radiator. The first slot is disposed on the circuit board, and the second slot is disposed on the bracket, with the first slot and the second slot corresponding to each other. One end of the parasitic structure is disposed on the bracket, and the other end is disposed on the circuit board. The parasitic structure is spaced apart from the main radiator and interacts with the main radiator through electromagnetic coupling.

[0006] Optionally, the conductive line includes a low-frequency radiating branch, an intermediate-frequency branch, and a high-frequency slot. The low-frequency radiating branch is disposed on the circuit board, and one end of the low-frequency radiating branch is connected to the antenna feed point. The intermediate-frequency branch is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiating branch. Furthermore, the intermediate-frequency branch is disposed between the low-frequency radiating branch and the high-frequency slot, and the high-frequency slot is electrically connected to the intermediate-frequency branch. The first slot penetrates the low-frequency radiating branch.

[0007] Optionally, the antenna further includes a grounding pin, one end of which is electrically connected to the circuit board and the other end of which is electrically connected to the motherboard, for forming a grounding path for the antenna.

[0008] Optionally, the low-frequency radiation branch includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment and the second segment being perpendicularly connected, wherein the first slot penetrates the first segment of the low-frequency radiation branch, and the first slot is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch.

[0009] Optionally, the low-frequency radiation branch has an "L"-shaped structure.

[0010] Optionally, the high-frequency slotted tortuous linear structure is provided, and the two ends of the high-frequency slot are electrically connected to the intermediate frequency branch.

[0011] Optionally, the parasitic structure includes multiple parasitic units, which are distributed along the edge of the circuit board and maintain a predetermined distance from the main radiator.

[0012] Optionally, the intermediate frequency branch has a "T" shaped structure, and the intermediate frequency branch includes a main part and a transverse part. One end of the main part is electrically connected to the low frequency radiation branch, and one end of the transverse part is electrically connected to the high frequency slotted branch.

[0013] Optionally, there are multiple grounding pins, which are evenly distributed around the perimeter of the circuit board.

[0014] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is to provide a communication device including any of the antennas mentioned above.

[0015] This application provides an antenna including a main board, a bracket, a circuit board, a first slot, a second slot, and a parasitic structure. The bracket is disposed on the main board, and the circuit board is disposed on the bracket. The circuit board has multiple conductive lines, which constitute a main radiator. The first slot is disposed on the circuit board, and the second slot is disposed on the bracket, with the first slot and the second slot corresponding to each other. One end of the parasitic structure is disposed on the bracket, and the other end is disposed on the circuit board. The parasitic structure is spaced apart from the main radiator and interacts with the main radiator through electromagnetic coupling. By setting the bracket on the main board and arranging the circuit board on the bracket, the antenna achieves a three-dimensional spatial design. The conductive lines on the circuit board constitute the main radiator. Combined with the first and second slots, they form an electromagnetic field distribution. The corresponding arrangement of the two slots allows the antenna to more precisely control the current path, effectively extending the antenna's operating frequency band. Furthermore, the electromagnetic coupling mechanism between the parasitic structure and the main radiator further optimizes the antenna's impedance matching characteristics. The parasitic structure forms an additional resonant path by connecting one end to the bracket and the other end to the circuit board, enhancing the radiation capability of a specific frequency band and achieving efficient transmission and reception of multi-band signals. This solves the technical problem of frequency band limitations in traditional antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is yet another angled schematic diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a frequency coverage diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the radiation performance parameters of the antenna in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows: 100, antenna; 10, main board; 20, bracket; 30, circuit board; 31, conductive line; 301, low-frequency radiation branch; 311, first segment; 312, second segment; 302, intermediate frequency branch; 321, main part; 322, lateral part; 303, high-frequency slot; 40, first slot; 50, second slot; 60, parasitic structure; 61, parasitic unit; 62, parasitic foot; 70, grounding foot; 80, power supply foot. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna 100 includes: a main board 10, a bracket 20, a circuit board 30, a first slot 40, a second slot 50, and a parasitic structure 60.

[0029] The bracket 20 is positioned above the mainboard 10 and is made of materials such as polycarbonate (PC) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), possessing good mechanical strength and electrical insulation. The circuit board 30 is a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm and a copper foil thickness of 0.018-0.035 mm. It is directly formed onto the bracket 20 using laser engraving or fixed to the bracket 20 by adhesive bonding.

[0030] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The circuit board 30 has multiple conductive lines 31, which constitute the main radiator. A first slot 40 is provided on the circuit board 30, and a second slot 50 is provided on the bracket 20. The first slot 40 and the second slot 50 are provided correspondingly to form a synergistic slot structure, which changes the electromagnetic field distribution and optimizes the performance of the antenna 100.

[0031] One end of the parasitic structure 60 is mounted on the support 20, and the other end is mounted on the circuit board 30. It is spaced apart from the main radiator and interacts with the main radiator through electromagnetic coupling. The parasitic structure 60 is made of metal materials such as copper or aluminum, with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm, and is manufactured through processes such as stamping and etching.

[0032] The antenna 100 also includes a grounding pin 70, one end of which is electrically connected to the circuit board 30 and the other end is electrically connected to the main board 10, in order to form a grounding path for the antenna 100, reduce signal interference, and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna 100.

[0033] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the conductive line 31 includes a low-frequency radiation branch 301, an intermediate-frequency branch 302, and a high-frequency slot 303. The low-frequency radiation branch 301 is disposed on the circuit board 30, and one end of the low-frequency radiation branch 301 is connected to the feed point of the antenna 100. The intermediate-frequency branch 302 is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation branch 301, and the intermediate-frequency branch 302 is located between the low-frequency radiation branch 301 and the high-frequency slot 303. The high-frequency slot 303 is electrically connected to the intermediate-frequency branch 302, forming a complete signal transmission path.

[0034] The low-frequency radiation branch 301 includes a first section 311 and a second section 312, which are perpendicularly connected and form an "L" shape. The first slot 40 extends through the first section 311 of the low-frequency radiation branch 301 and is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch 301.

[0035] The low-frequency radiation branch 301 is used to cover the low-frequency band of 0.617-960MHz, including 2G, 3G and part of the 4G communication band. The low-frequency performance can be further optimized by precisely controlling the position and size of the first slot 40.

[0036] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the high-frequency slot 303 has a tortuous linear structure with multiple turning points, and both ends are electrically connected to the intermediate frequency branch 302, forming a ring structure. By precisely controlling the length and turning angle of the high-frequency slot 303, it can cover the high-frequency band from 3.3GHz to 7.125GHz, meeting the high-frequency communication requirements of 5G and WiFi 6E.

[0037] The intermediate frequency (IF) branch 302 has a "T"-shaped structure, comprising a main section 321 and a lateral section 322. One end of the main section 321 is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation branch 301, and one end of the lateral section 322 is electrically connected to the high-frequency slot 303. The IF branch 302 is used to generate resonance in the 1.7 GHz to 3.3 GHz frequency band, covering the 4G and part of the 5G IF communication bands. This structural design allows the antenna 100 to maintain good radiation performance in different frequency bands.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the parasitic structure 60 includes multiple parasitic units 61, which are distributed along the edge of the circuit board 30 and maintain a predetermined distance of 3-5 mm from the main radiator. The different parasitic units 61 have different lengths, corresponding to the resonance requirements of different frequency bands.

[0039] The antenna 100 includes multiple grounding feet 70, which are evenly distributed around the periphery of the circuit board 30. The first grounding foot 70 is located at the first edge of the circuit board 30, and the second grounding foot 70 is located at the second edge of the circuit board 30. The first edge and the second edge are arranged adjacent to each other to form a complete grounding system.

[0040] One end of the parasitic structure 60 extends with a parasitic foot 62, and the other end of the intermediate frequency stub extends with a feed foot 80. A high-frequency slot 303 is provided between the first ground foot 70 and the feed foot 80, creating a current interruption zone, effectively controlling the flow direction of the common-mode current, and reducing mutual interference between the grounding system and the feed system. This design particularly improves the radiation characteristics in the 3.3-7.125GHz high-frequency band, increasing the directivity from 3.747dBi at 2.45GHz to 5.743dBi at 5.5GHz, significantly improving signal transmission distance and stability.

[0041] Parasitic feet 62 firmly anchor the parasitic branch in a specific location, ensuring a precise electromagnetic coupling distance between it and the main radiator. This fixing method allows the parasitic structure 60 to form a semi-suspended three-dimensional configuration, significantly improving the electrical dimensions of the antenna 100 and enabling the physically limited antenna 100 to efficiently cover the low-frequency band (0.617-960MHz). Test data shows that this design extends the bandwidth of the antenna 100 in the low-frequency band by approximately 30% and improves system efficiency by 0.8-1.2dB.

[0042] Placing the feed pin 80 at the intermediate frequency (IF) stub creates an optimal power transmission path. This arrangement allows the RF signal to be efficiently injected into the antenna 100 system and evenly distributed to the low-frequency and high-frequency slots 303 through the IF stub. S-parameter tests show that this feeding method improves the matching performance of the antenna 100 by approximately 15% in the 1.7-3.3 GHz IF band and reduces reflection loss to below -10 dB, ensuring efficient signal transmission.

[0043] This parasitic structure 60 and grounding design significantly improve the impedance matching characteristics of antenna 100. S-parameter data show that S1,1 is -7.76dB at 0.6GHz and -7.70dB at 0.8GHz, indicating that antenna 100 is well matched with the transmission line, with low signal reflection loss, efficient signal transmission, reduced signal attenuation, and improved communication quality.

[0044] Please combine Figure 6 and Figure 7 The antenna 100 exhibits excellent performance characteristics across the entire operating frequency band. The curves show that the antenna 100 maintains good overall system efficiency in the 0.617-960MHz low-frequency band, as well as key high-frequency points such as 3.3GHz, 5.15GHz, and 7.125GHz. Particularly at 7.125GHz, the overall system efficiency reaches -0.41dB, meaning that the antenna 100 maintains nearly 90% conversion efficiency in the high-frequency band, far exceeding the industry average. The eight test points marked in the curves comprehensively cover all major operating frequency bands from 2G to 5G and WiFi, verifying the full-band coverage capability of the antenna 100 design.

[0045] In the low-frequency range of 0.8GHz-1GHz, system efficiency decreases slightly, but remains within an acceptable range overall. In the 2GHz-6GHz wideband range, antenna efficiency remains relatively stable, which is crucial for simultaneously supporting 4G / 5G mid-band and WiFi applications.

[0046] Reference Figure 7 The S-parameter curve shown clearly illustrates the impedance matching characteristics of antenna 100 across the entire frequency range. The deep valleys in the curve indicate that antenna 100 exhibits excellent impedance matching performance and low reflection loss at specific frequency points.

[0047] At low frequencies, S1,1 is -7.76dB at 0.6GHz and -7.70dB at 0.8GHz, indicating that antenna 100 has stable impedance matching characteristics in the low-frequency band. More importantly, in the mid-to-high frequency bands, such as key frequencies like 1.7GHz, 2.45GHz, 3.5GHz, 5.5GHz, and 7.125GHz, the S-parameter curves all show obvious valleys, demonstrating matching performance with a depth exceeding -10dB, which ensures efficient signal transmission in these frequency bands.

[0048] The multi-peak characteristics of the S-parameter curve directly verify the effectiveness of the multi-resonance structure design adopted by the antenna 100. The low-frequency radiation branch 301, the intermediate-frequency branch 302, the high-frequency slot 303, and the parasitic structure 60 each generate resonance at different frequency points, which together constitute the full-band coverage capability.

[0049] This application provides an antenna 100, including a main board 10, a bracket 20, a circuit board 30, a first slot 40, a second slot 50, and a parasitic structure 60. The bracket 20 is disposed on the main board 10, and the circuit board 30 is disposed on the bracket 20. The circuit board 30 has multiple conductive lines 31, which constitute a main radiator. The first slot 40 is disposed on the circuit board 30, and the second slot 50 is disposed on the bracket 20. The first slot 40 and the second slot 50 are correspondingly disposed. One end of the parasitic structure 60 is disposed on the bracket 20, and the other end is disposed on the circuit board 30. The parasitic structure 60 is disposed at intervals from the main radiator and interacts with the main radiator through electromagnetic coupling. By setting the bracket 20 on the main board 10 and arranging the circuit board 30 on the bracket 20, the antenna 100 achieves a three-dimensional spatial design. The conductive lines 31 on the circuit board 30 constitute the main radiator. Combined with the first slot 40 and the second slot 50, they form an electromagnetic field distribution. The corresponding arrangement of the two slots allows the antenna 100 to more precisely control the current path, effectively extending the operating frequency band of the antenna 100. Furthermore, the electromagnetic coupling mechanism between the parasitic structure 60 and the main radiator further optimizes the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna 100. The parasitic structure 60 forms an additional resonant path by connecting one end to the bracket 20 and the other end to the circuit board 30, enhancing the radiation capability of a specific frequency band and realizing efficient transmission and reception of multi-frequency signals, thus solving the technical problem of frequency band limitation of traditional antennas 100.

[0050] This embodiment provides a communication device, including the antenna 100 described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0051] The communication device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, wearable device, router, base station, or other device that requires wireless communication functionality. The communication device contains a motherboard 10100, and the antenna 100 is fixed to the motherboard 10100 via a grounding pin 70500 and electrically connected to the communication circuitry on the motherboard 10100.

[0052] The communication device of this embodiment achieves seamless coverage of 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G communication frequency bands, as well as commonly used wireless frequency bands such as WIFI 2.4, WIFI 5G, and WIFI 6E, by adopting the aforementioned 5G full-band antenna 100. This solves the problem that traditional communication devices require multiple antennas 100 to cover different frequency bands, simplifies the internal layout of the device, reduces the number of components, lowers production costs, and improves communication quality and user experience.

[0053] Actual testing showed that the communication equipment performed well in both the 0.617-960MHz low-frequency band and the 3.3GHz to 7.125GHz high-frequency band, with a total system efficiency of -0.41dB at 7.125GHz, providing users with high-quality communication services across the entire frequency band.

[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises: a main plate; a support arranged on the main plate; a circuit board arranged on the support, the circuit board being provided with a plurality of conductive lines, the conductive lines forming a main radiator; a first slot arranged on the circuit board; a second slot arranged on the support, the first slot and the second slot being arranged in correspondence with each other; a parasitic structure, one end of the parasitic structure being arranged on the support and the other end being arranged on the circuit board, the parasitic structure being arranged in a spaced manner with the main radiator and interacting with the main radiator through electromagnetic coupling.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the conductive lines comprise a low-frequency radiation branch, a medium-frequency branch and a high-frequency slot, the low-frequency radiation branch being arranged on the circuit board, one end of the low-frequency radiation branch being connected with an antenna feed point, the medium-frequency branch being electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation branch, and the medium-frequency branch being arranged between the low-frequency radiation branch and the high-frequency slot, the high-frequency slot being electrically connected with the medium-frequency branch, and wherein the first slot penetrates through the low-frequency radiation branch.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna further comprises a grounding leg, one end of the grounding leg being electrically connected with the circuit board and the other end being electrically connected with the main plate, for forming a grounding path of the antenna.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the low-frequency radiation branch comprises a first segment and a second segment, the first segment being connected perpendicularly with the second segment, wherein the first slot penetrates through the first segment of the low-frequency radiation branch, and the first slot is used for adjusting the resonant frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch.

5. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the low-frequency radiation branch is in an "L" shape structure.

6. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the high-frequency slot is in a meandering line shape structure, and two ends of the high-frequency slot are electrically connected with the medium-frequency branch.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the parasitic structure comprises a plurality of parasitic units, the plurality of parasitic units being arranged in a distributed manner along the edge of the circuit board, and a predetermined spacing being maintained between the plurality of parasitic units and the main radiator.

8. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the medium-frequency branch is in a "T" shape structure, the medium-frequency branch comprising a main stem portion and a transverse portion, one end of the main stem portion being electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation branch, and one end of the transverse portion being electrically connected with the high-frequency slot.

9. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein the grounding leg is a plurality of grounding legs, the plurality of grounding legs being uniformly distributed along the periphery of the circuit board.

10. A communication device, characterized by An antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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