Sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool

Abstract

The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool comprises a roller, an elastic telescopic rod, a guide head, an arc-shaped guide rail and a friction threshing block, the first end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to the surface of the roller, the guide head is fixedly installed at the second end of the elastic telescopic rod, and the guide head abuts against the guide rail face of the arc-shaped guide rail. In the rotating direction of the roller, the distance between the guide rail surface of the arc-shaped guide rail and the axis of the roller is gradually reduced; an extrusion feeding mechanism is arranged on the end portion of the first end, close to the roller, of the arc-shaped guide rail, a rotating shaft parallel to the roller is installed on the guide head, and the friction threshing block is installed on the rotating shaft. According to the threshing tool, firstly, the conveying belt is matched with the feeding hopper to convey the sunflower disc, so that the sunflower disc is in contact with the friction threshing block from one side to the other side, regular pushing force is sequentially applied, it is guaranteed that seeds are threshed row by row, mutual extrusion and rubbing of the seeds are avoided, and the damage rate of the seeds is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a threshing equipment technical field, specifically is a sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The sunflower seeds grow on the sunflower flower disc, and after the sunflower matures, the seeds need to be removed from the sunflower flower disc. The traditional manual method separates the seeds from the flower disc by rubbing, knocking and other methods. The existing automatic equipment combines the experience of manual operation and greatly improves the threshing efficiency through automatic rubbing and knocking. However, the seed damage rate is high, which affects the subsequent research of sunflower germplasm resources. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool that reduces seed damage.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, including a roller, an elastic telescopic rod, a guide head, an arc-shaped guide rail and a friction threshing block, the first end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to the surface of the roller, the elastic telescopic rod extends in a direction parallel to the end face of the roller away from the roller axis, the guide head is fixedly installed on the second end of the elastic telescopic rod, the arc-shaped guide rail is arranged on one side of the roller, the guide head abuts against the guide rail face of the arc-shaped guide rail, and the distance between the guide rail face of the arc-shaped guide rail and the roller axis gradually decreases in the rotation direction of the roller; a pressing feeding mechanism is arranged on the first end of the arc-shaped guide rail close to the roller, a rotating shaft is installed on the guide head parallel to the roller, and the friction threshing block is installed on the rotating shaft; when the roller rotates, the arc-shaped guide rail contracts the elastic telescopic rod through the guide head. By arranging the pressing feeding mechanism and cooperating with the rotating friction threshing block, the sunflower flower disc can be contacted by the arc-shaped swinging estimation, and the sunflower seeds are pushed to be threshed row by row, and the degree of compression received by the threshed seeds is reduced; by arranging the elastic telescopic rod, the sunflower flower disc is contacted at the moment of elastic release of the elastic telescopic rod, a certain oblique upward thrust is applied at the same time of applying the arc-shaped swinging, and the threshing effect of the sunflower is improved.

[0005] The above-mentioned sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, in the rotation direction of the roller: the free end of the elastic telescopic rod is inclined forward; the angle A between the axis of the elastic telescopic rod and the radius line extension line of the roller is greater than 10° and less than 90°. By arranging the inclined elastic telescopic rod, the inclination angle of the friction threshing block when contacting the sunflower is further increased, which improves the threshing effect on one hand and reduces the vertical force applied to the seeds on the other hand, thereby reducing the compression force on the seeds.

[0006] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, the friction threshing block includes a cylinder and an elastic plate, the cylinder is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the fixed end of the elastic plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the cylinder. By setting the elastic plate, direct impact on sunflower seeds is avoided, protection is provided, full contact with sunflower seeds is achieved, pressure is reduced, and the pushing effect on the seeds is improved.

[0007] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, the free end of the elastic plate extends along an involute with the outer circle of the cylinder as a base circle; and the free end of the elastic plate extends forward in the rotating direction of the drum.

[0008] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, the free end of the elastic plate gradually thins. During the process that the elastic plate contacts sunflower seeds, the pressure and the pushing force gradually increase, and the seeds are prevented from being damaged.

[0009] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, a spiral groove is formed in the surface of the rotating shaft, a guide sliding block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder, and the guide sliding block is slidingly fitted in the spiral groove; a torsional spring is sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft, one end of the torsional spring is fixedly connected with the surface of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the torsional spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder. By setting the spiral groove and the guide sliding block, the elastic plate can apply a certain lateral pushing force to sunflower seeds in the rotating direction, and the separation of the seeds from the flower disc is further promoted.

[0010] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, the extrusion feeding mechanism includes oppositely installed feeding hoppers and a conveying belt, a feeding gap is formed between the feeding hoppers and the conveying belt, the discharge end of the feeding hoppers is fixedly installed on the first end of the arc-shaped guide rail, the feeding end of the feeding hoppers is hingedly connected with one end of the conveying belt through a supporting rod, an arc-shaped sliding groove is fixedly installed on the discharge end of the feeding hoppers, the other end of the conveying belt is connected in the arc-shaped sliding groove through a pin shaft, a spring is installed in the arc-shaped sliding groove, and the end of the spring abuts against the pin shaft.

[0011] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, the surface of the conveying belt is provided with spikes, and the height of the feeding gap between the feeding hoppers and the conveying belt gradually decreases from the feeding end to the discharge end.

[0012] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, a bottom plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the arc-shaped guide rail, supporting frames are respectively installed on the two ends of the drum, and the supporting frames are fixedly connected with the bottom plate.

[0013] The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, a motor is installed on the bottom plate, and the motor is drivingly connected with the drum through a belt transmission member.

[0014] The technical scheme of the utility model achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] The conventional automatic threshing tool contacts the seeds on the flower disc directly through the rotating friction roller or the knocking structure, and the seeds are not rubbed down in sequence, the sunflower seeds are arranged in the flower disc in a row, the seeds are arranged closely and staggered, when the seed in the middle is rubbed, the rubbing force is transmitted to the surrounding seeds, in this process, the seeds are crushed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The utility model discloses a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram;

[0017] Figure 2 The utility model discloses a side view schematic diagram;

[0018] Figure 3 The utility model discloses a cross section three-dimensional schematic diagram;

[0019] Figure 4 The utility model discloses the axial section schematic diagram of friction threshing block;

[0020] Figure 5 The utility model discloses the radial section schematic diagram of friction threshing block.

[0021] The figure mark is shown as follows: 1-cylinder;2-elastic telescopic link;3-guide head;4-arc-shaped guide rail;5-friction threshing block;51-cylinder;52-guide sliding block;53-elastic plate;6-rotating shaft;61-torsional spring;62-spiral groove;7-feeding hopper;8-supporting rod;9-arc-shaped sliding slot;10-conveying belt;11-motor;12-prickle;13-bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The utility model discloses a sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool, like Figures 1-2As shown in the figure, it comprises a cylinder 1, an elastic telescopic rod 2, a guide head 3, an arc-shaped guide rail 4 and a friction threshing block 5. The first end of the elastic telescopic rod 2 is connected to the surface of the cylinder 1, and the elastic telescopic rod 2 extends in the direction parallel to the end surface of the cylinder 1 and away from the axis of the cylinder 1. The guide head 3 is fixedly installed on the second end of the elastic telescopic rod 2. The arc-shaped guide rail 4 is arranged on one side of the cylinder 1. The guide head 3 abuts against the guide rail surface of the arc-shaped guide rail 4. In the direction of rotation of the cylinder 1, the distance between the guide rail surface of the arc-shaped guide rail 4 and the axis of the cylinder 1 gradually decreases. The first end of the arc-shaped guide rail 4, which is close to the cylinder 1, is provided with a squeezing feeding mechanism. The rotating shaft 6 is installed on the guide head 3 in parallel with the cylinder 1. The friction threshing block 5 is installed on the rotating shaft 6. The bottom of the arc-shaped guide rail 4 is fixedly installed with a bottom plate 13. The two ends of the cylinder 1 are respectively installed with support frames, which are fixedly connected with the bottom plate 13. The motor 11 is installed on the bottom plate 13. The motor 11 is drivingly connected with the cylinder 1 through a belt transmission member. When the cylinder 1 rotates, the arc-shaped guide rail 4 squeezes the elastic telescopic rod 2 to contract through the guide head 3. The belt transmission member is a transmission structure formed by the cooperation of a belt pulley and a belt in the prior art.

[0023] As shown in the figure, Figures 2-3 The squeezing feeding mechanism comprises oppositely installed feeding hopper 7 and conveying belt 10. The feeding hopper 7 and the conveying belt 10 have a feeding gap therebetween. The discharge end of the feeding hopper 7 is fixedly installed on the first end of the arc-shaped guide rail 4. The feeding end of the feeding hopper 7 is hingedly connected with one end of the conveying belt 10 through a support rod 8. The discharge end of the feeding hopper 7 is fixedly installed with an arc-shaped chute 9. The other end of the conveying belt 10 is connected in the arc-shaped chute 9 through a pin shaft. A spring is installed in the arc-shaped chute 9. The end of the spring abuts against the pin shaft. The surface of the conveying belt 10 is arranged with spikes 12. The height of the feeding gap between the feeding hopper 7 and the conveying belt 10 gradually decreases from the feeding end to the discharge end.

[0024] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 In the direction of rotation of the cylinder 1, the free end of the elastic telescopic rod 2 is inclined forward. The angle A between the axis of the elastic telescopic rod 2 and the extended line of the radius line of the cylinder 1 is greater than 10° and less than 90°. In this embodiment, the angle A is 20°. The forwardly inclined elastic telescopic rod 2 can apply a slanting pushing force to the surface of the sunflower. The elastic telescopic rod 2 is a telescopic sleeve with a compression spring installed inside. It can be axially compressed and reset by the action of the compression spring.

[0025] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The friction threshing block 5 comprises a cylinder body 51 and an elastic plate 53. The cylinder body 51 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 6. The fixed end of the elastic plate 53 is fixedly installed on the surface of the cylinder body 51. The free end of the elastic plate 53 extends along an involute with the outer circle of the cylinder body 51 as the base circle. The free end of the elastic plate 53 extends forward in the direction of rotation of the cylinder 1. The thickness of the free end of the elastic plate 53 gradually decreases.

[0026] As Figure 4 shown, the surface of the rotating shaft 6 is provided with a spiral groove 62, the inner wall of the cylinder 51 is fixedly provided with a guide sliding block 52, the guide sliding block 52 is slidingly fitted in the spiral groove 62; the surface of the rotating shaft 6 is sleeved with a torsion spring 61, one end of the torsion spring 61 is fixedly connected with the surface of the rotating shaft 6, and the other end of the torsion spring 61 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder 51.

[0027] Specifically, during working, the sunflower disc is placed between the conveying belt 10 and the feeding hopper 7, and the side with seeds faces the smooth feeding hopper 7, and the other side contacts the conveying belt 10, the conveying belt 10 is connected with the disc through the thorn 12 and pushes the disc forward, the conveying belt 10 can float up and down, so that the disc can be fully pressed and driven to the end position of the first end of the arc-shaped guide rail 4, and the threshing operation starts;

[0028] The motor 11 drives the roller 1 to rotate through the transmission belt, the roller 1 drives the elastic telescopic rod 2, the rotating shaft 6 and the friction threshing block 5 to rotate, the elastic telescopic rod 2 is compressed gradually in the process of sliding on the surface of the arc-shaped guide rail 4 through the guide head 3 at the end of the elastic telescopic rod 2, when the guide head 3 at the end of the elastic telescopic rod 2 is separated from the first end of the arc-shaped guide rail 4, the elastic telescopic rod 2 is elongated and contacts the sunflower seeds, in this process, the forward thrust generated by rotation is the main driving force, further, the friction threshing block 5 is contacted by the sunflower seeds and receives the resistance of rotation, so that the guide sliding block 52 rotates by a certain angle along the spiral groove 62, so that the cylinder 51 moves by a certain distance along the axial direction, and further, the sunflower seeds are subjected to the lateral thrust, the sunflower seeds are subjected to the thrust in multiple directions, and can be completely separated from the disc quickly. In the process that the disc is gradually pushed by the conveying belt 10, the sunflower seeds are threshed row by row.

[0029] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, but not limitation on the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, all the embodiments are not required to be exhausted, and the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the patent application claims.

Claims

1. A threshing tool for sunflower germplasm resources, characterized in that, The device includes a drum (1), an elastic telescopic rod (2), a guide head (3), an arc-shaped guide rail (4), and a friction threshing block (5). The first end of the elastic telescopic rod (2) is connected to the surface of the drum (1). The elastic telescopic rod (2) extends in a direction parallel to the end face of the drum (1) and away from the axis of the drum (1). The guide head (3) is fixedly installed on the second end of the elastic telescopic rod (2). The arc-shaped guide rail (4) is arranged around one side of the drum (1). The guide head (3) abuts against the arc-shaped guide rail (5). On the guide rail surface of the guide rail (4), along the rotation direction of the roller (1): the distance between the guide rail surface of the arc-shaped guide rail (4) and the axis of the roller (1) gradually decreases; the first end of the arc-shaped guide rail (4) which is closer to the roller (1) is provided with a pressing feeding mechanism, and a rotating shaft (6) is installed on the guide head (3) parallel to the roller (1), and the friction threshing block (5) is installed on the rotating shaft (6); when the roller (1) rotates: the arc-shaped guide rail (4) compresses the elastic telescopic rod (2) through the guide head (3) to contract.

2. The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the rotation direction of the roller (1): the free end of the elastic telescopic rod (2) is inclined forward; the angle A between the axis of the elastic telescopic rod (2) and the extension line of the radius line of the roller (1) is greater than 10° and less than 90°.

3. The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction threshing block (5) includes a cylinder (51) and an elastic plate (53). The cylinder (51) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (6), and the fixed end of the elastic plate (53) is fixedly installed on the surface of the cylinder (51).

4. The sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The free end of the elastic plate (53) extends along an involute with the outer circle of the cylinder (51) as the base circle; the free end of the elastic plate (53) extends forward in the direction of rotation of the roller (1).

5. A sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the free end of the elastic plate (53) gradually decreases.

6. A sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, A spiral groove (62) is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft (6), and a guide slider (52) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder (51). The guide slider (52) slides in the spiral groove (62). A torsion spring (61) is sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft (6). One end of the torsion spring (61) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (6), and the other end of the torsion spring (61) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (51).

7. A sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper (7) and a conveyor belt (10) installed opposite to each other. There is a material conveying gap between the feeding hopper (7) and the conveyor belt (10). The discharge end of the feeding hopper (7) is fixedly installed on the first end of the arc-shaped guide rail (4). The feeding end of the feeding hopper (7) is hinged to one end of the conveyor belt (10) through a support rod (8). An arc-shaped chute (9) is fixedly installed on the discharge end of the feeding hopper (7). The other end of the conveyor belt (10) is connected to the arc-shaped chute (9) through a pin. A spring is installed in the arc-shaped chute (9), and the end of the spring abuts against the pin.

8. A sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, Spikes (12) are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt (10), and the material conveying gap between the feed hopper (7) and the conveyor belt (10) gradually decreases in height from the feed end to the discharge end.

9. A sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A base plate (13) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the arc-shaped guide rail (4), and support frames are respectively installed on both ends of the roller (1). The support frames are fixedly connected to the base plate (13).

10. A sunflower germplasm resource threshing tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, A motor (11) is installed on the base plate (13), and the motor (11) is connected to the roller (1) via a belt drive.

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