Large-diameter deep hole variable decoupling charging structure
By designing a segmented charging structure and anchoring components, the problems of uneven distribution of explosives and difficulty in controlling the coupling of the hole wall in large-diameter deep holes were solved, achieving uniform distribution of explosives and stable blasting effect in deep holes, thus improving blasting efficiency and safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
In large-diameter deep-hole blasting operations, uneven distribution of explosives and difficulty in controlling the coupling between explosives and the hole wall lead to unstable release of blasting energy. Furthermore, under complex geological conditions, the hole wall is prone to collapse, hindering the charging process.
A segmented charging structure is adopted, with charging tubes spaced apart and their diameter designed to be smaller than the diameter of the deep hole. Combined with rock-breaking impact head, anchoring components and detonating cord, radial and axial decoupling of the charging is achieved. Telescopic components are used to ensure that the charging structure is stable in the hole.
This method achieves uniform distribution of explosives within deep holes, improves the efficiency of blasting energy utilization, reduces energy absorption by the hole wall, ensures smooth charging process, and reduces excessive rock crushing.
Smart Images
Figure CN224018935U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine blasting, in particular to a large-diameter deep hole variable uncoupling charging structure. BACKGROUND
[0002] In current large-diameter deep hole blasting operations, many tricky problems are faced. For example, the artificial charging method is difficult to achieve uniform distribution of explosives in the deep hole, resulting in unstable energy release during blasting, which cannot fully meet the requirements of the project on rock breaking effect, and may also cause resource waste and safety hazards. For another example, the uncoupling of explosives and hole wall is difficult to control, and poor coupling will cause a large amount of blasting energy to be absorbed or dissipated by the hole wall, thereby greatly reducing the transmission efficiency of blasting energy and weakening the rock breaking effect. For another example, for complex geological mines, affected by factors such as rock joint fissure development and large rock strength difference, the stability of the deep hole wall is very poor and is prone to collapse, which not only hinders the charging process, but also may cause the hole to be blocked, seriously affecting the smooth development of the blasting operation. SUMMARY
[0003] In view of the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides a large-diameter deep hole variable uncoupling charging structure, which is simple, convenient to operate, can make the explosives uniformly distributed in the large-diameter deep hole, and ensure radial and axial uncoupling charging, while ensuring the smooth progress of the charging process.
[0004] The present application provides a large-diameter deep hole variable uncoupling charging structure (hereinafter referred to as the charging structure), which comprises a blocking zone, a charging zone and an anchoring zone arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the charging zone comprises a plurality of charging pipes arranged at intervals, and the diameter of the charging pipe is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole; the anchoring zone comprises an anchoring assembly and a rock breaking ram arranged above and below.
[0005] In the technical scheme of the present application, the rock breaking ram is provided for dredging the large-diameter deep hole before charging, to ensure the smooth progress of the charging process; the charging pipes are arranged at intervals to achieve segmented and uniform charging, and axial uncoupling charging; the diameter of the charging pipe is set to be smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole, so that the explosives achieve radial uncoupling.
[0006] In some embodiments, the charging zone further comprises a hollow pipe arranged between the charging pipes; the diameters of the charging pipes and the hollow pipe are 0.5-0.99 times the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole, and the length of the hollow pipe is 0.5-1.0 m.
[0007] In the embodiment, the hollow tube can serve as an air section, so that the explosive in the charge tube is axially uncoupled, thereby prolonging the action time of stress wave in the rock during blasting process, improving the blasting efficiency, and reducing the over-crushing of the rock around the blast hole during the blasting process.
[0008] In some embodiments, the charge tube near the anchoring area is provided with explosive and detonator, and the rest of the charge tube is provided with explosive; the side wall of the charge tube near the anchoring area is provided with a wire port for the detonator lead wire to pass through; the charge area further comprises a detonating cord, and the detonating cord is connected to the explosive in all the charge tubes.
[0009] In the embodiment, the detonator is arranged in the charge tube near the anchoring area, the explosive is ignited by the detonator, and the detonating cord is connected to the explosive in all the charge tubes, so that the explosive in the charge tube 21 explodes, the transmission of blasting energy is prolonged, and the blasting efficiency is improved.
[0010] In some embodiments, the anchoring assembly comprises a solid I-shaped anchoring tube, a pulling rope and a telescopic assembly; the telescopic assembly is arranged in the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring tube, and the pulling rope passes through the plug area, the charge area and the solid I-shaped anchoring tube from top to bottom in sequence and is connected with the telescopic assembly.
[0011] In the embodiment, the pulling rope is arranged to facilitate personnel to pull the pulling rope; the telescopic assembly is arranged in the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring tube, and the contact or separation of the telescopic assembly and the surrounding rock of the large-diameter deep hole is realized by the relaxation and tension of the pulling rope, thereby realizing the stable installation or smooth extension of the charge structure in the large-diameter deep hole.
[0012] In some embodiments, the telescopic assembly comprises at least two telescopic springs and a metal bracket connected with the telescopic springs, the telescopic springs are connected with the middle part of the metal bracket, one end of the metal bracket is hinged to the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring tube, and the pulling rope passes through the telescopic springs and is connected to the middle part of the metal bracket.
[0013] In the embodiment, the telescopic spring and the metal bracket are cooperated to realize the smooth extension and firm fixation of the charge structure, and the control method of the structure is simple and easy to operate.
[0014] In some embodiments, the included angle between the metal bracket and the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring tube is 20°-60°.
[0015] In the embodiment, the opening and closing angles of the metal bracket are reasonably set to smoothly realize the smooth extension and effective fixation of the charge device in the large-diameter deep hole.
[0016] In some embodiments, the maximum diameter difference between the solid H-shaped anchoring pipe and the large-diameter deep hole is less than 5 mm; the length of the solid H-shaped anchoring pipe is 10-25 times of the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole.
[0017] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the maximum diameter of the solid H-shaped anchoring pipe, the charge structure can be conveniently and smoothly put into the large-diameter deep hole.
[0018] In some embodiments, the plugging zone comprises a solid plugging pipe, the diameter difference between the solid plugging pipe and the large-diameter deep hole is less than 5 mm; the length of the solid plugging pipe is 20-30 times of the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole.
[0019] In this embodiment, by setting the diameter of the solid plugging pipe to be slightly smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole, the plugging of the top of the large-diameter deep hole can be realized while the solid plugging pipe can be smoothly put into the large-diameter deep hole.
[0020] In some embodiments, the plugging zone, the charge pipe, the hollow pipe, the anchoring assembly and the rock-breaking ram are threadedly connected.
[0021] In this embodiment, the threaded connection is simple, has good combination stability, and is convenient to disassemble.
[0022] In some embodiments, the upper and lower ends of the charge pipe are provided with partition plates, the partition plates are provided with rope guide holes and detonation guide holes.
[0023] In this embodiment, by setting the partition plates, the upper and lower ends of the charge pipe are sealed, providing a stable loading space for the explosive; by setting the rope guide holes, conditions are provided for the smooth passing of the actuating rope; by setting the detonation guide holes, conditions are provided for the smooth passing of the detonating cord.
[0024] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings used in the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.
[0026] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the variable uncoupling charge structure of the large-diameter deep hole in the embodiments of the present application;
[0027] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a large-diameter deep hole variable decoupling charge structure in the embodiments of the present application;
[0028] Figure 3 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an anchoring zone structure;
[0029] Figure 4 a is a side view of a charge pipe, Figure 4 b is a top view of the charge pipe;
[0030] Legend: 100-large-diameter deep hole variable decoupling charge structure; 1-plugging zone; 2-charging zone; 3-anchoring zone; 4-large-diameter deep hole; 5-thread; 6-surrounding rock; 7-stone plugging the blast hole; 21-charge pipe; 22-hollow pipe; 23-detonator; 24-detonator foot line; 25-wire port; 26-detonating cord; 27-separation plate; 28-pull rope guide hole; 29-boosting guide hole; 31-rock breaking ram; 32-solid I-shaped anchoring pipe; 33-pull rope; 34-elastic spring; 35-metal support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0033] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily mutually exclusive or alternative embodiments to each other. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the technical terms "length", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0036] In the current large-diameter deep hole blasting operation, the following problems are faced: it is difficult to achieve uniform distribution of explosives in the deep hole by manual charging; the coupling of explosives and hole wall is difficult to control; for complex geological mines, the deep hole wall is prone to collapse, thereby hindering the charging process.
[0037] In order to solve the technical problems of uneven distribution of explosives in large-diameter deep hole, difficulty in controlling the decoupling of explosives and hole wall, and collapse of deep hole wall hindering the charging process in large-diameter deep hole blasting operation, the present application provides a large-diameter deep hole variable decoupling charging structure, wherein the charging pipes are arranged at intervals. This innovative segmented charging structure effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of explosives in large-diameter deep hole. At the same time, through the segmented charging and the setting that the diameter of the charging pipe is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole, the unique charging cabin design can realize radial and axial decoupling charging, significantly improving the utilization efficiency of blasting energy. By setting the rock breaking ram, the hole wall of the large-diameter deep hole can be limited to collapse, so that the charging process can proceed smoothly.
[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 A large-diameter deep hole variable decoupling charging structure 100 (hereinafter referred to as charging structure) provided for the embodiments of the present application, comprising a plugging zone 1, a charging zone 2 and an anchoring zone 3 arranged in turn from top to bottom; the charging zone 2 comprises a plurality of spaced charging pipes 21, the diameter of the charging pipe 21 is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4; the anchoring zone 3 comprises an anchoring assembly and a rock breaking ram 31 arranged above and below. Specifically, the charging pipe 21 is made of PVC material, and the rock breaking ram 31 is made of high-strength alloy material. When the large-diameter deep hole 4 needs to be blasted, the plugging zone 1, the charging zone 2 and the anchoring zone 3 are connected and inserted into the large-diameter deep hole 4, the rock breaking ram 31 pushes out the stones 7 that may exist in the large-diameter deep hole 4 to block the blast hole, the plugging zone 1 and the anchoring assembly block the upper and lower openings of the large-diameter deep hole 4 respectively, at this time the explosives in the charging pipe 21 are uniformly distributed in the large-diameter deep hole 4, and the blasting is realized.
[0039] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the blockage area 1 is arranged to block the top of the large-diameter deep hole 4. The rock breaking ram 31 is arranged to push out the stones 7 that may exist in the large-diameter deep hole 4 before blasting, so as to facilitate the charging area 2 to enter the large-diameter deep hole 4 smoothly, and provide favorable conditions for subsequent efficient blasting, that is, the rock breaking ram 31 is used to dredge the large-diameter deep hole 4 before charging. The anchoring assembly is arranged to make the entire charging structure stably exist in the large-diameter deep hole 4, and further provide favorable conditions for subsequent efficient blasting. The charging pipes 21 are arranged at intervals to realize segmented and uniform charging. Specifically, not only the explosives are uniformly distributed in the large-diameter deep hole 4 to ensure stable energy release in the blasting process, but also the explosives in the charging pipes 21 are axially uncoupled, so as to prolong the action time of stress wave in the rock in the blasting process, improve the blasting efficiency, and also reduce the over crushing of the rock around the blast hole in the blasting process. The diameter of the charging pipe 21 is arranged to be smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4, so that the explosives are radially uncoupled, the disadvantages of absorption or loss of blasting energy by the hole wall are avoided, and the blasting effect is further improved.
[0040] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The charging area 2 further comprises a hollow pipe 22 arranged between the charging pipes 21. The diameters of the charging pipes 21 and the hollow pipe 22 are 0.5-0.99 times the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4, and the length of the hollow pipe 22 is 0.5-1.0 m. Specifically, the hollow pipe 22 is made of PVC. When the hole spacing of the large-diameter deep hole 4 is small, the diameters of the charging pipes 21 and the hollow pipe 22 are small. When the compressive strength of the rock is large, the diameters of the charging pipes 21 and the hollow pipe 22 are large.
[0041] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the hollow pipe 22 is arranged between the charging pipes 21, and the hollow pipe 22 can act as an air section, so that the explosives in the charging pipes 21 are axially uncoupled, thereby prolonging the action time of stress wave in the rock in the blasting process, improving the blasting efficiency, and also reducing the over crushing of the rock around the blast hole in the blasting process. The diameters of the charging pipes 21 and the hollow pipe 22 are reasonably arranged according to the actual production situation, so as to realize radial uncoupling charging and improve the blasting efficiency.
[0042] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the charge pipe 21 near the anchoring area 3 is provided with powdery explosive and detonator 23, and the rest of the charge pipe 21 is provided with explosive; the sidewall of the charge pipe 21 near the anchoring area 3 is provided with a wire port 25 for the detonator foot wire 24 to pass through; the charging area 2 further comprises a detonating cord 26, which connects the explosive in all the charge pipes 21. Specifically, the detonator foot wire 24 passes out of the wire port 25, extends upwards along the outer wall of the other charge pipes 21 and the hollow pipe 22, and passes out of the plugging area 1. The detonating cord 26 passes through all the charge pipes 21 and the hollow pipe 22, and finally extends into the charge pipe 21 near the plugging area 1.
[0043] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the detonator 23 in the charge pipe 21 near the anchoring area 3, the explosive is detonated by the detonator 23, and at the same time, the detonating cord 26 connects the explosive in all the charge pipes 21, so that the explosive above the charge pipe 21 near the anchoring area 3 explodes, the transmission of blasting energy is prolonged, and the blasting efficiency is improved.
[0044] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The anchoring assembly comprises a solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32, a pulling rope 33 and a telescopic assembly; the telescopic assembly is arranged in the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32, and the pulling rope 33 passes through the plugging area 1, the charging area 2 and the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 from top to bottom in turn and is connected with the telescopic assembly.
[0045] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the pulling rope 33 and passing it out of the plugging area 1, it is convenient for personnel to pull the pulling rope 33. By arranging the telescopic assembly in the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32, the contact or separation of the telescopic assembly with the surrounding rock 6 (referring to the ore rock around the large-diameter deep hole 4) of the hole wall of the large-diameter deep hole 4 is realized by loosening and tightening of the pulling rope 33, and then the stable installation or smooth extension of the charging structure in the large-diameter deep hole 4 is realized.
[0046] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in the figure, Figure 3As shown, the telescopic assembly includes at least two telescopic springs 34 and a metal bracket 35 connected with the telescopic springs 34, the telescopic springs 34 are connected with the middle part of the metal bracket 35, and one end of the metal bracket 35 is hingedly connected with the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32; the actuating rope 33 is connected to the middle part of the metal bracket 35 by passing through the telescopic springs 34 (that is, the actuating rope 33 passes through the inside of the telescopic springs 34 and is connected to the connection between the telescopic springs 34 and the metal bracket 35). Specifically, when the actuating rope 33 is in a tensioned state, the metal bracket 35 compresses the telescopic springs 34 inward, so that the metal bracket 35 is retracted inward, avoiding the contact between the metal bracket 35 and the surrounding rock 6 of the hole wall of the large-diameter deep hole 4, so that the charging structure can smoothly extend into the large-diameter deep hole 4. When the charging structure reaches the preset position, the actuating rope 33 is released and is in a relaxed state, at this time the telescopic springs 34 compress the metal bracket 35 outward, so that the metal bracket 35 extends outward, and the end of the metal bracket 35 away from the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 firmly contacts the surrounding rock 6 of the hole wall of the large-diameter deep hole 4, so that the charging structure stably exists in the large-diameter deep hole 4 and performs blasting operation. The strength of the actuating rope 33 is sufficient to pull the charging structure, and the strength of the telescopic springs 34 is sufficient to support the charging structure so that it stably exists in the large-diameter deep hole 4.
[0047] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the telescopic assembly is arranged as the telescopic springs 34 and the metal bracket 35, under the action of the actuating rope 33, the telescopic of the telescopic springs 34 is used to realize the contact or separation between the metal bracket 35 and the surrounding rock 6 of the hole wall of the large-diameter deep hole 4, so as to realize the smooth extension and firm fixation of the charging structure. When the end of the metal bracket 35 away from the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 firmly contacts the surrounding rock 6 of the hole wall of the large-diameter deep hole 4, the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 can also realize the plugging of the bottom of the large-diameter deep hole 4. The control method of the structure is simple and easy to operate. After the top and bottom of the large-diameter deep hole 4 are both plugged, the charging structure can well adapt to the fissure development or high water level area, effectively prevent fissure water from invading the explosive, and guarantee the stable performance of the explosive, thereby providing a more reliable and efficient solution for the blasting operation of the large-diameter deep hole 4.
[0048] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 The included angle between the metal bracket 35 and the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 is 20°-60°. Specifically, when the actuating rope 33 is in a tensioned state, the included angle between the metal bracket 35 and the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 is smaller, and when the actuating rope 33 is in a relaxed state, the included angle between the metal bracket 35 and the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 is larger.
[0049] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by reasonably setting the opening and closing angles of the metal bracket 35, the smooth extension and effective fixation of the charging device in the large-diameter deep hole 4 are realized.
[0050] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the maximum diameter of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 is less than 5mm smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4; the length of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 is 10-25 times of the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4.
[0051] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by setting the maximum diameter (i.e. the diameter of the non-groove part of the I-shaped pipe) of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 to be slightly smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4, the charge structure can be conveniently and smoothly put into the large-diameter deep hole 4. By reasonably setting the length of the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32, the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 32 can better block the large-diameter deep hole 4.
[0052] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the plug zone 1 includes a solid plug pipe, and the diameter of the solid plug pipe is less than 5mm smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4; the length of the solid plug pipe is 20-30 times of the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4. Specifically, the solid plug pipe is a solid cylindrical structure made of PVC. When the surrounding rock 6 is hard rock, the length of the solid plug pipe is taken as the lower limit; when the surrounding rock 6 is soft rock or fractured rock mass, the length of the solid plug pipe is taken as the upper limit.
[0053] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by setting the diameter of the solid plug pipe to be slightly smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4, the solid plug pipe can be smoothly put into the large-diameter deep hole 4 while achieving the plugging of the top of the large-diameter deep hole 4.
[0054] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the plug zone 1, the charge pipe 21, the hollow pipe 22, the anchoring assembly, and the rock-breaking ram 31 are threadedly connected. Specifically, the solid plug pipe and the charge pipe 21 are threadedly connected, the charge pipe 21 and the hollow pipe 22 are threadedly connected, the charge pipe 21 and the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 34 are threadedly connected, and the solid I-shaped anchoring pipe 34 and the rock-breaking ram 31 are threadedly connected.
[0055] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by setting threads 5 at the connection between the plug zone 1, the charge pipe 21, the hollow pipe 22, the anchoring assembly, and the rock-breaking ram 31, the threads 5 are used to realize the mutual connection between different components. The connection mode is simple, has good combination stability, and is convenient to disassemble. At the same time, the setting of the threads 5 can also realize the connection of different numbers of charge pipes 21 and hollow pipes 22 according to the depth of the large-diameter deep hole 4, thereby realizing a variable structure.
[0056] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the upper and lower ends of the charge tube 21 are provided with a partition plate 27, and the partition plate 27 is provided with a rope guide hole 28 and a detonation guide hole 29. Specifically, the partition plate 27 is arranged at the connection of the charge tube 21 and the solid plug tube, the hollow tube 22 and the solid I-shaped anchoring tube 34, and can be fixed by arranging a groove at the upper and lower ends of the charge tube 21. The trip rope 34 passes through the rope guide hole 28 (the presence of the powder explosive does not affect the pulling process of the trip rope 34); the detonating cord 26 passes through the detonation guide hole 29, so that the explosives in each charge tube 21 are connected, and the detonation effect is achieved. The partition plate 27 close to the solid I-shaped anchoring tube 32 and the partition plate 27 close to the solid plug tube are not provided with the detonation guide hole 29.
[0057] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the upper and lower ends of the charge tube 21 are sealed by arranging the partition plate 27, so as to provide a stable loading space for the explosive. The rope guide hole 28 is arranged to provide conditions for the smooth passing of the trip rope 34; the detonation guide hole 29 is arranged to provide conditions for the smooth passing of the detonating cord 26.
[0058] The application of the large-diameter deep hole variable uncoupling charge structure 100 will be described below by taking the blasting of a certain mine as an example. The diameter of the large-diameter deep hole 4 is 150 mm, and the hole depth is 40 m.
[0059] The application method of the large-diameter deep hole variable uncoupling charge structure 100 includes the following steps:
[0060] S1, the lengths of the plug-in area 1, the charge area 2 and the anchoring area 3 are determined according to the hole diameter and the hole depth of the large-diameter deep hole 4. Specifically, the maximum diameter of the solid plug tube used in the plug-in area 1 and the solid I-shaped anchoring tube 32 of the anchoring area 3 is about 150 mm (which can be slightly smaller than 1 mm), the length of the solid plug tube is 4 m, and the length of the solid I-shaped anchoring tube 32 is 2 m. The diameters of the charge tube 21 and the hollow tube 22 are about 100 mm, the length of the charge tube 21 is 5 m, and the length of the hollow tube 22 is 0.8 m.
[0061] S2, after the sizes of the components are determined, as shown in Figure 2 The anchoring area 3, the charge area 2 (at this time, the charge tube 21 is not loaded with explosives, and the detonator 23, the detonator lead 24 and the detonating cord 26 are not arranged) and the plug-in area 1 are connected in sequence by arranging the threads 5 (herein, the internal threads and the external threads are collectively referred to as threads 5) arranged on different components. After assembly is completed, it is sent into the large-diameter deep hole 4, and the rock 7 that may exist in the large-diameter deep hole 4 is pushed out by the rock breaking ram 31, so as to achieve the purpose of dredging the large-diameter deep hole 4. In this process, the plug-in area 1 can not be installed. It can be understood that the internal threads arranged on one component and the external threads arranged on another component are matched to realize the thread connection at the thread connection of different components.
[0062] S3, then each component is disassembled, and reconnected in turn anchor area 3, charge area 2 and plug area 1, in the corresponding position charge, detonator 23, detonator foot line 24 and detonating cord 26, form as shown in the large diameter deep hole variable decoupling charge structure 100. Figure 1 The large diameter deep hole variable decoupling charge structure 100 is shown.
[0063] Pull the pull rope 33 to send the large diameter deep hole variable decoupling charge structure 100 into the large diameter deep hole 4, when the rock breaking ram 31 of the anchor area 3 penetrates out of the bottom of the large diameter deep hole 4, the pull rope 33 is artificially relaxed, so that the metal bracket 35 is opened, and is in close contact with the surrounding rock 6 of the large diameter deep hole 4, so that the charge structure is fixed in the large diameter deep hole 4, at the same time, the plug area 1 blocks the top of the large diameter deep hole 4, the solid I-shaped anchor pipe 32 blocks the bottom of the large diameter deep hole 4, and the detonator foot line 24 is pulled to realize blasting.
[0064] The method has the advantages of simple process, high operation efficiency, wide applicability, simultaneous realization of radial and axial decoupling charge, and practical value for popularization and application.
[0065] Please see Figures 1 to 4 According to one or more embodiments of the present application, the charge pipe 21 is arranged at intervals, and the segmented charge structure effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of explosives in the large diameter deep hole 4. At the same time, through the segmented charge and the setting that the diameter of the charge pipe 21 is smaller than the diameter of the large diameter deep hole 4, radial and axial decoupling charge can be realized, and the utilization efficiency of blasting energy is significantly improved. Through the setting of the rock breaking ram 31, the hole wall of the large diameter deep hole 4 can be limited to collapse, so that the charging process proceeds smoothly.
[0066] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are only examples, and embodiments having the same technical idea and playing the same role within the scope of the technical solution of the present application are included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, within the scope of the main idea of the present application, various modifications of the embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, and other ways of combining part of the components of the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure, characterized in that, It includes a blocking zone, a charging zone, and an anchoring zone arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the charging zone includes several charging tubes arranged at intervals, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole; the anchoring zone includes anchoring components and rock-breaking impact heads arranged vertically.
2. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading area also includes a hollow tube disposed between the loading tubes; the diameter of both the loading tube and the hollow tube is 0.5-0.99 times the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole, and the length of the hollow tube is 0.5-1.0m.
3. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging tube near the anchoring area contains explosives and detonators, while the other charging tubes contain explosives; the side wall of the charging tube near the anchoring area has a wire opening for the detonator lead wire to pass through. The charging area also includes a detonating cord, which connects all the explosives in the charging tubes.
4. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring assembly includes a solid I-shaped anchoring tube, a detour rope, and a telescopic assembly; the telescopic assembly is disposed in the groove of the solid I-shaped anchoring tube, and the detour rope passes through the blocking area, the loading area, and the solid I-shaped anchoring tube from top to bottom, and is connected to the telescopic assembly.
5. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The telescopic assembly includes at least two telescopic springs and a metal bracket connected to the telescopic springs. The telescopic springs are connected to the middle of the metal bracket, and one end of the metal bracket is hinged to the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchor tube. The pawl passes through the telescopic springs and is connected to the middle of the metal bracket.
6. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the metal bracket and the outer wall of the groove of the solid I-shaped anchor pipe is 20°-60°.
7. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The difference between the maximum diameter of the solid I-shaped anchor tube and the large-diameter deep hole is less than 5 mm; the length of the solid I-shaped anchor tube is 10-25 times the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole.
8. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blockage area includes a solid blockage tube, the diameter difference between the solid blockage tube and the large-diameter deep hole is less than 5 mm; the length of the solid blockage tube is 20-30 times the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole.
9. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blockage area, the charge tube, the hollow tube, the anchoring assembly, and the rock-breaking impact head are threaded together.
10. The large-diameter deep-hole variable decoupled charge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the charging tube are equipped with partition plates, and the partition plates are equipped with rope guide holes and detonation guide holes.