Battery cover plate, battery and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of new energy automobile manufacturing, and discloses a battery cover plate, a battery and a vehicle, the battery cover plate comprises a cover plate body, an anti-explosion valve hole is formed in the cover plate body, and the anti-explosion valve hole penetrates and extends in the thickness direction; and the directional exhaust area is formed on at least one side of the cover plate body and is adjacent to the anti-explosion valve hole, so that the wall thickness of the cover plate body at the position of the directional exhaust area is smaller than the wall thickness of the other part adjacent to the directional exhaust area. According to the technical scheme, the wall thickness of the position, corresponding to the directional exhaust area, of the cover plate body is smaller than the wall thickness of the other part adjacent to the directional exhaust area, so that the position is more easily melted and broken through by high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the exhaust area of the anti-explosion valve hole is increased by arranging the directional exhaust area; and meanwhile, the position is equivalent to that the cover plate body is only thinned, so that the influence on the structural strength of the battery cover plate is small, and the structural strength of the battery cover plate can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to new energy automobile manufacturing technical field, and concretely relates to a battery cover plate. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, in order to meet the requirement of new energy market to lithium ion battery energy density higher and higher, high nickel ternary positive electrode material, silicon-based negative electrode material, extreme structure design and other technologies are continuously applied.However, high energy density leads to the deterioration of the thermal safety of battery, and thermal runaway is prone to occur.A large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated in the battery when thermal runaway occurs, in order to discharge the gas from the battery immediately, an explosion-proof valve is usually arranged on the cell cover plate, thereby reducing the risk of explosion caused by thermal runaway of the battery.At the same time, in order to facilitate the protection design of PACK (power battery system), the explosion-proof valve needs to realize directional exhaust, therefore, how to reasonably design the explosion-proof valve becomes a crucial problem to improve the thermal safety of the battery.In the current battery structure scheme, an explosion-proof valve mounting groove and an explosion-proof valve hole penetrating through the battery cover plate are arranged on the battery cover plate, the explosion-proof valve mounting groove and the explosion-proof valve hole are communicated with each other, the explosion-proof valve is arranged in the explosion-proof valve mounting groove, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery breaks through the explosion-proof valve and is discharged through the explosion-proof valve hole.Generally, the exhaust speed of the explosion-proof valve is proportional to the area of the explosion-proof valve or the explosion-proof valve hole, the larger the area, the greater the exhaust rate, increasing the area of the explosion-proof valve hole will lead to the decrease of the structural strength of the battery cover plate, therefore, the area of the explosion-proof valve cannot be increased unlimitedly due to the requirement of the structural strength of the battery cover plate, for the existing high energy density battery, the insufficient area of the explosion-proof valve or the explosion-proof valve hole may lead to that the high-temperature gas cannot be discharged from the inside of the cell shell in time, and further melt through the battery cover plate or the shell, thereby affecting the directional exhaust and even causing explosion. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a battery cover plate, a battery and a vehicle, the explosion-proof valve mounting structure can realize the increase of the exhaust area of the explosion-proof valve hole under the requirement of the structural strength.

[0004] In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the utility model provides a battery cover plate, which comprises: a cover plate body, the cover plate body is formed with an explosion-proof valve hole penetratingly extending in the thickness direction; and a directional exhaust area, the directional exhaust area is formed on at least one side of the cover plate body and adjacent to the explosion-proof valve hole, so that the wall thickness of the cover plate body at the position of the directional exhaust area is smaller than the wall thickness of the remaining part adjacent to the directional exhaust area.

[0005] Optionally, the area of the directional exhaust area is 1-3 times the area of the explosion-proof valve hole.

[0006] Optionally, the directional exhaust area comprises a first directional exhaust area and a second directional exhaust area adjacent to two ends of the explosion-proof valve hole in the first direction respectively.

[0007] Optionally, the first directional exhaust area and the second directional exhaust area are symmetrically arranged relative to a center line in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction of the explosion-proof valve hole.

[0008] Optionally, the battery cover plate further comprises an explosion-proof valve mounting groove arranged outside the explosion-proof valve hole in the second direction, the explosion-proof valve mounting groove is adjacent to the directional exhaust area, and a wall thickness of the cover body at the position of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove is the same as a wall thickness of the cover body at the directional exhaust area.

[0009] Optionally, a part of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove close to the directional exhaust area forms a mounting positioning part, and an outer contour of the mounting positioning part gradually decreases in width in the second direction towards the directional exhaust area.

[0010] Optionally, the directional exhaust area forms a connecting line at two vertices of a side adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove, and the connecting line and an outer contour of the directional exhaust area form one of a square, a semicircle or a triangle.

[0011] Optionally, in the second direction, a width of a side of the directional exhaust area adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove is equal to a maximum width of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove.

[0012] The second aspect of the utility model provides a battery, which comprises a battery shell, the battery cover plate and a battery cell arranged in an accommodating space formed by the battery shell and the battery cover plate.

[0013] The third aspect of the utility model provides a vehicle comprising the battery.

[0014] According to the above technical scheme, the cover body is provided with the explosion-proof valve hole extending in the thickness direction, the explosion-proof valve is connected to the cover body and closes the explosion-proof valve hole, when the battery is in thermal runaway and generates a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the gas can break through the explosion-proof valve and be discharged from the explosion-proof valve hole, so that the battery explosion is avoided. Further, at least one side of the explosion-proof valve is provided with the directional exhaust area, so that the wall thickness of the cover body at the position corresponding to the arrangement of the directional exhaust area is smaller than the wall thickness of the remaining part adjacent to the directional exhaust area, so that the cover body at the position corresponding to the arrangement of the directional exhaust area is more easily melted and broken through by the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is more easily discharged from the position, therefore, the directional exhaust area is equivalent to increasing the exhaust area of the explosion-proof valve hole and realizing directional exhaust; meanwhile, the position is equivalent to that the cover body is only thinned and not formed through, so that the structural strength requirement of the battery cover plate can be met.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate the embodiments of the present application and explain the principles of the present application together with the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, but do not limit the present application. Other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the structures shown in the drawings. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 2 is a top view of a battery cover plate in Figure 1

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery cover plate of Figure 2

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the shell shown in Figure 1

[0021] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the battery cover plate of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram along the direction of B-B; Figure 5

[0023] is an enlarged schematic diagram of part C in Figure 7 Figure 5

[0024] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the directional exhaust area of the present application;

[0025] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the directional exhaust area of the present application;

[0026] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the directional exhaust area of the present application.

[0027] EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0028] ​​​​​10 - cover body; 11 - explosion valve hole; 12 - pole mounting hole; 13 - explosion valve mounting groove; 14 - explosion valve; 15 - directional exhaust area; 16 - mounting positioning portion; 20 - battery case. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0030] In the present application, unless otherwise stated, the terms "upper, lower, left, right, inner, outer, top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the indicated device or element to have a specific orientation, to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0031] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the skilled person in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0033] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "link", "connect", "fix" and so on terms should do broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or be integrated;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electric connection or each other can communicate;Can be direct connection, also can indirectly connect through intermediate medium, can be two element internal communication or two element mutual action relation, unless another definite limitation.For ordinary skilled person in the art, the above terms can be understood according to the specific meaning of the utility model.

[0034] In the prior art, referring to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the battery cover plate body 10 is provided with a through battery cover plate body 10 explosion-proof valve hole 11, the side of the battery cover plate body 10 close to the battery shell 20 is formed with an explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13, for installing the explosion-proof valve 14, when the explosion-proof valve 14 is installed in the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13, the explosion-proof valve 14 closes the explosion-proof valve hole 11.When the battery is in thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery breaks through the explosion-proof valve 14, and is discharged through the explosion-proof valve hole 11.In general, the exhaust speed of the explosion-proof valve 14 is proportional to the area of the explosion-proof valve 14 or the explosion-proof valve hole 11, the larger the area, the greater the exhaust rate, but increasing the area of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 will lead to the decrease of the structural strength of the battery cover plate, therefore, the area of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 cannot be increased unlimitedly due to the requirement of the structural strength of the battery cover plate. Figure 4 As shown, for the existing high-energy-density battery, the insufficient area of the explosion-proof valve 14 or the explosion-proof valve hole 11 may cause the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to not be discharged from the inside of the battery cell shell in time, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas diffuses along the gas diffusion direction 110 to the periphery of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and then forms a shell melting area 201 on the battery shell 20, leading to the melting of the battery shell 20, affecting the directional exhaust and even causing explosion.

[0035] The utility model provides a battery cover plate, a battery and a vehicle for solving the technical problem of how to increase the exhaust area while meeting the structural strength requirement of the battery cover plate.The first aspect of the utility model provides a battery cover plate, referring to Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the battery cover plate comprises a cover plate body 10, the cover plate body 10 is formed with an explosion-proof valve hole 11 extending in the thickness direction, and a directional exhaust area 15, the directional exhaust area 15 is formed on at least one side of the cover plate body 10 and adjacent to the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and the wall thickness of the cover plate body 10 at the position of the directional exhaust area 15 is smaller than the wall thickness of the rest part adjacent to the directional exhaust area 15.

[0036] Through the above technical solution, an explosion-proof valve hole 11 extending through the thickness direction is formed on the cover plate body 10. The explosion-proof valve 14 is connected to the cover plate body 10 and seals the explosion-proof valve hole 11. When the battery experiences thermal runaway and generates a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the gas can break through the explosion-proof valve and be discharged from the explosion-proof valve hole 11, thereby preventing the battery from exploding to a certain extent. Furthermore, at least one directional venting area 15 is provided on the cover plate body 10, and the directional venting area 15 is adjacent to the explosion-proof valve hole 11. Moreover, the wall thickness of the cover plate body 10 at the location where the directional venting area 15 is provided is less than the wall thickness of the remaining part of the cover plate body 10 adjacent to that location. Therefore, by setting the directional venting zone 15, it is equivalent to forming a thinning zone at the corresponding position of the cover plate body 10. Since the wall thickness of the cover plate body 10 at this thinning zone is less than the wall thickness of the remaining parts adjacent to this thinning zone, the thinning zone becomes easier to be melted and broken through by high-temperature and high-pressure gas, thus making it easier for high-temperature and high-pressure gas to be discharged from there. Therefore, by setting the directional venting zone 15, when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas can more easily melt the directional venting zone 15 and break through the cover plate body 10 to discharge the battery, thereby achieving directional gas venting. Thus, when the directional venting zone 15 melts, it is equivalent to increasing the venting area of ​​the explosion-proof valve hole 11. At the same time, by setting the directional venting zone 15 on the cover plate body 10, this directional venting zone 15 is equivalent to only thinning the cover plate body 10 without forming a through hole, so it has little impact on the structural strength of the battery cover and can meet the structural strength requirements of the battery cover.

[0037] As mentioned above, the larger the area of ​​the directional venting zone 15, the larger the venting area of ​​the battery cover. However, if the area of ​​the directional venting zone 15 is too large, the strength of the battery cover will not meet the design requirements. According to one embodiment of the battery cover of this utility model, the area of ​​the directional venting zone 15 is 1-3 times the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve hole 11.

[0038] Of course, the shape of the directional venting zone 15 can be any shape, and the number of directional venting zones 15 can be one or more, as long as the total area of ​​the directional venting zones 15 is 1-3 times the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve hole 11. According to one embodiment of the battery cover of this utility model, the directional venting zone 15 includes a first directional venting zone and a second directional venting zone that are adjacent to both ends of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 along a first direction. Figure 5 , Figures 8-10 As shown, the first directional exhaust zone and the second directional exhaust zone are arranged horizontally at both ends of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 and are adjacent to the explosion-proof valve hole 11.

[0039] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 , Figures 8-10As shown, the first directional exhaust area and the second directional exhaust area are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 in a second direction, thereby facilitating uniform gas discharge to both sides of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, melting the directional exhaust area 15, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, for example, the second direction is the vertical direction in Figure 5 、 Figures 8-10 .

[0040] Optionally, as Figures 5 to 10 shown, the battery cover plate further comprises an explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 for mounting the explosion-proof valve 14, the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 is adjacent to the directional exhaust area 15, and the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 is arranged on the outer side of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 in the second direction, the depth of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the explosion-proof valve 14, so as to facilitate mounting the explosion-proof valve 14 on the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13. Optionally, the wall thickness of the cover plate body 10 at the position of the directional exhaust area 15 is equal to the wall thickness of the cover plate body at the position of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13, in this way, the explosion-proof valve 14 can be mounted in the mounting area formed by the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 and the directional exhaust area 15, and the explosion-proof valve hole 11 is closed.

[0041] Optionally, referring to Figures 8-10 shown, the part of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 close to the directional exhaust area 15 forms a mounting positioning part 16, the outer contour of the mounting positioning part 16 gradually decreases in the second direction along the direction towards the directional exhaust area 15, so as to limit the explosion-proof valve 14 and prevent the explosion-proof valve 14 from sliding in the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13. Specifically, referring to Figures 8-10 shown, the explosion-proof valve hole 11 comprises a square part and a semicircular part on both sides of the square part, the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 comprises a horizontal groove part corresponding to the square part of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 and a circular arc groove part corresponding to the semicircular part of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, the circular arc groove part is adjacent to the horizontal groove part and the directional exhaust area 15 and forms the mounting positioning part 16. As Figures 8-10 shown, the outer contour of the mounting positioning part 16 is arc-shaped, in combination with Figure 5 shown, the explosion-proof valve 14 comprises a square part and a semicircular part on both sides of the square part, the semicircular part of the explosion-proof valve 14 can be fitted with the arc-shaped outer contour of the mounting positioning part 16, on the one hand, the mounting positioning part 16 can be used for mounting and positioning the explosion-proof valve 14; on the other hand, the mounting positioning part 16 can prevent the explosion-proof valve 14 from sliding in the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 and affect the exhaust effect.

[0042] Further, the arc length of the arc-shaped outer contour of the mounting positioning part 16 is πr / 8-πr / 4, and r is the radius of the semicircular part of the explosion-proof valve hole 11.

[0043] Optionally, the line connecting the two points on the side of the directional exhaust area 15 adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 forms one of a square, a semicircle or a triangle with the shape of the outer contour of the directional exhaust area 15. Specifically, referring to Figures 8 to 10 , the line passes through the explosion-proof valve hole 11, the area formed by the dashed line and the outer contour of the directional exhaust area 15 includes the directional exhaust area 15 and part of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and the shape of the area is one of a square, a semicircle or a triangle.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first directional exhaust area and the second directional exhaust area are arranged symmetrically about the center line of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 in the second direction (i.e. the vertical direction of the explosion-proof valve hole 11). Figures 5-10 , the width of the side of the directional exhaust area 15 adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 in the second direction is equal to the maximum width of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 in the second direction, so as to facilitate the installation of the explosion-proof valve 14 and enable at least part of the explosion-proof valve 14 to extend into the directional exhaust area 15. It should be noted that the shape of the explosion-proof valve 14 is well known to those skilled in the art, for example, the explosion-proof valve 14 can be circular, or referring to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the shape of the explosion-proof valve 14 is a combination of a square and two semicircles, the two semicircles are located on the two sides of the wide side of the square, and the diameter of the semicircle is equal to the width of the square in the second direction. When the explosion-proof valve 14 is circular, the width of the explosion-proof valve 14 refers to the diameter of the circle, and at this time the width of the side of the directional exhaust area 15 adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 is equal to the diameter of the explosion-proof valve 14; when the explosion-proof valve 14 is a combination of a square and two semicircles, the width of the explosion-proof valve 14 refers to the width of the square in the second direction (i.e. the diameter of the semicircle), and at this time the width of the side of the directional exhaust area 15 adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 is equal to the width of the explosion-proof valve 14.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the battery cover plate of the utility model, referring to Figure 8 , the first directional exhaust area and the second directional exhaust area are arranged symmetrically about the center line of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 in the second direction (i.e. the vertical direction of the explosion-proof valve hole 11). Figure 8 , the line connecting the two vertices of the part of the first directional exhaust area adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 (i.e. the left vertical dashed line in Figure 8 ) passes through the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and the outer contour of the first directional exhaust area and the line form a rectangular shape. Similarly, the outer contour of the second directional exhaust area and the line connecting the two vertices of the second directional exhaust area (i.e. the right vertical dashed line in Figure 8 ) form a rectangular shape, and the areas of the first directional exhaust area and the second directional exhaust area are both (1-3) A0 / 2, wherein A0 is the area of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and in addition, as Figure 8 , the length of the rectangle is equal to the width a of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 in the vertical direction, and therefore the width b of the rectangle is:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, r is the radius corresponding to the arc portion of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and θ is the radian of the arc of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 within the rectangular area.

[0048] According to another embodiment of the battery cover of this utility model, referring to Figure 9 As shown, the line connecting the two vertices of the portion adjacent to the first directional exhaust zone and the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 (i.e. Figure 9 The vertical dashed line on the left (in the diagram) passes through the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and the outer contour of the first directional exhaust zone forms a semi-circle with this connecting line. Similarly, the line connecting the two vertices of the second directional exhaust zone (i.e., Figure 10 The vertical dashed line on the right side of the image (in the image) and the outer contour of the second directional exhaust area form a semicircle. The areas of both the first and second directional exhaust areas are (1-3)A0 / 2. Therefore, the radius b of this semicircle is:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, r is the radius corresponding to the arc portion of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and θ is the radian of the arc of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 located within the semi-circular area.

[0051] According to another embodiment of the battery cover of this utility model, referring to Figure 10 As shown, the line connecting the two vertices of the portion adjacent to the first directional exhaust zone and the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 (i.e. Figure 10 The vertical dashed line on the left (in the diagram) passes through the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and the outer contour of the first directional exhaust zone and this connecting line form a triangle. Similarly, the outer contour of the second directional exhaust zone and the line connecting the two vertices of the second directional exhaust zone (i.e., Figure 10 The right vertical dotted line in the middle forms a triangle, and the area of ​​the first directional exhaust zone and the area of ​​the second directional exhaust zone are both (1~3)A0 / 2. Additionally, as shown... Figure 10 As shown, the base of the triangle is equal to the width 'a' of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove 13 in the second direction. Therefore, the height 'b' of the triangle is:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, r is the radius corresponding to the arc portion of the explosion-proof valve hole 11, and θ is the radian of the arc of the explosion-proof valve hole 11 located within the triangular region.

[0054] The second aspect of this utility model discloses a battery, including a battery casing 20, the aforementioned battery cover plate, and a battery cell disposed within a receiving space formed by the battery casing 20 and the battery cover plate, such as... Figures 5-6 , Figures 8-10 The battery cover also has terminal mounting holes 12 for installing the battery cell terminals.

[0055] The third aspect of the utility model discloses a vehicle, including above-mentioned battery.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model, and the ordinary skilled person in the art can change, modify, replace and transform the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery cover, characterized in that, include: A cover plate body (10) having an explosion-proof valve hole (11) extending through in the thickness direction; and, A directional exhaust zone (15) is formed on at least one side of the cover body (10) and adjacent to the explosion-proof valve hole (11). The wall thickness of the cover body (10) at the location of the directional exhaust zone (15) is less than the wall thickness of the remaining portion adjacent to the directional exhaust zone (15).

2. The battery cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​the directional exhaust zone (15) is 1-3 times the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve hole (11).

3. The battery cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional exhaust zone (15) includes a first directional exhaust zone and a second directional exhaust zone that are adjacent to both ends of the explosion-proof valve hole (11) along a first direction.

4. The battery cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first directional exhaust zone and the second directional exhaust zone are symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the second direction perpendicular to the first direction of the explosion-proof valve hole (11).

5. The battery cover according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an explosion-proof valve mounting groove (13) disposed on the outer side of the second direction of the explosion-proof valve hole (11), the explosion-proof valve mounting groove (13) being adjacent to the directional exhaust zone (15), and the wall thickness of the cover plate body (10) at the position of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove (13) being the same as the wall thickness of the cover plate body (10) in the directional exhaust zone (15).

6. The battery cover according to claim 5, characterized in that, The portion of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove (13) near the directional exhaust zone (15) forms a mounting positioning part (16), the width of the outer contour of the mounting positioning part (16) in the second direction gradually decreases in the direction toward the directional exhaust zone (15).

7. The battery cover according to claim 5, characterized in that, The directional exhaust zone (15) forms a connecting line at the two vertices on the side adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove (13). The shape formed by the connecting line and the outer contour of the directional exhaust zone (15) is one of a square, a semi-circle, or a triangle.

8. The battery cover according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the second direction, the width of the side of the outer contour of the directional exhaust zone (15) adjacent to the explosion-proof valve mounting groove (13) is equal to the maximum width of the explosion-proof valve mounting groove (13).

9. A battery, characterized in that, It includes a battery casing (20), a battery cover plate according to any one of claims 1-8, and a battery cell disposed in the receiving space formed by the battery casing (20) and the battery cover plate.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery as described in claim 9.

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