Satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grid antenna of a satellite communication ground receiver. The grid antenna comprises a ground plane metal grid, the number of the array antenna units is four, each array antenna unit is provided with two layers of grid antennas which are located on the same central axis, the same diagonal line of the two layers of grid antennas is provided with unfilled corners, and the four array antenna units are arranged at the four-quadrant center position of the ground plane metal grid around the center of the ground plane metal grid; the dipole antenna unit is arranged at the center of the diagonal line of the four array antenna units, and the dipole antenna unit comprises two dipole antennas which are orthogonally arranged, a feed panel which is connected with the dipole antennas, and a grounding metal piece which is assembled at the center of the ground plane metal grid and is connected with the lower end of the feed panel. According to the invention, the antenna of the ground receiver is light and easy to transport and erect, and can efficiently support VHF and UHF dual-band low complexity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a satellite communication link, there are mainly three parts including a terminal user, a satellite and a ground receiver. The main function of the ground receiver is to receive satellite backhaul data and then transmit the received data back to a background system, or to transmit the instructions from the background system to the satellite through the ground receiver. Therefore, the receiving system of the ground receiver has a high requirement on the performance of its antenna, and usually needs to have a high gain, i.e. high directivity.

[0003] The traditional satellite ground receiver antenna usually adopts a parabolic antenna. The parabolic antenna is composed of a feed source located at a focal point and a large parabolic reflector. The feed source transmits electromagnetic wave signals to the reflector according to a specific directivity requirement, and the signals are focused by the parabolic reflector and then reflected into space, so as to realize a high-gain antenna scheme.

[0004] The traditional parabolic antenna has a large size, which increases the difficulty of transportation and erection. The traditional parabolic antenna has a large weight and a high manufacturing cost. If the satellite needs to be tracked, the requirement on the rotating table is higher. Moreover, the traditional parabolic antenna needs to support VHF and UHF dual bands, which requires a high design requirement on the feed source, so that the overall design becomes complex. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Therefore, the main purpose of the present application is to provide a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna, so as to realize the lightness, easy transportation and erection of the ground receiver antenna, and to support VHF and UHF dual bands with low complexity.

[0006] The present application provides a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna, which comprises:

[0007] a ground plane metal grid;

[0008] array antenna units, four of which are provided, each of which is provided with two layers of grid antennas located on the same central axis, and the same diagonal line of the two layers of grid antennas is provided with a missing corner, and the four array antenna units are arranged at the center positions of the four quadrants of the ground plane metal grid around the center of the ground plane metal grid;

[0009] a dipole antenna unit arranged at the diagonal center of the four array antenna units, the dipole antenna unit comprising two orthogonally arranged dipole antennas, a feed plate connected with the dipole antennas, and a grounding metal piece assembled at the center of the ground plane metal grid and connected with the lower end of the feed plate.

[0010] From the above, the ground plane metal grid and the grid antenna both adopt the hollow grid design, which can significantly reduce the overall weight of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna and reduce the wind resistance, thereby improving the stability of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna in the outdoor environment; the four array antenna units support receiving the UHF frequency band, and are arranged at the center positions of the four quadrants around the center of the ground plane metal grid, which helps to achieve more uniform directional diagram and higher gain, each array antenna unit adopts a double-layer low-profile design, i.e., two layers of grid antennas located on the same central axis, so that the overall size of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna is smaller, and the transportation and erection are simpler; the two layers of grid antennas are arranged with missing corners on the same diagonal line, which can effectively reduce the sidelobe level, thereby improving the overall circular polarization and gain; the two orthogonally arranged dipole antennas can form circular polarization characteristics, which are connected with the dipole antennas through the feed plate, ensuring effective transmission and distribution of signals, and facilitating adjustment of the feed phase difference to realize circular polarization; the grounding metal part can provide good electrical grounding; the dipole antenna unit is designed in the four array antenna units, which fully utilizes the space and reduces the overall size, so that the entire antenna system is compact and efficient, and the scheme is simple and convenient, reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0011] Optionally, the dipole antenna comprises: a first antenna branch; a second antenna branch connected with the first antenna branch through an arc part, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are orthogonally arranged, and the length of the second antenna branch is greater than the length of the first antenna branch.

[0012] From the above, the two orthogonally arranged antenna branches can respectively generate mutually perpendicular electric field components, and generate a proper feed phase difference (90°) through the length difference of the two antenna branches, so that these electric field components synthesize a rotating electromagnetic wave, thereby realizing circular polarization; the two antenna branches are connected through the arc part, which enhances the structural strength and optimizes the electrical performance.

[0013] Optionally, the upper end of the feed plate is connected with the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch, and further comprises: a convex part arranged on the inner side of the arc of the arc part, and the convex part is connected to the upper end of the feed plate.

[0014] From the above, the convex part optimizes the feed path, improves the impedance matching, and improves the electrical performance of the dipole antenna.

[0015] Optionally, the array antenna unit comprises: a first grid antenna provided with a feed point; a second grid antenna arranged above the first grid antenna; a metal column, the upper end of the metal column passes through the middle of the first grid antenna and the middle of the second grid antenna, and the lower end of the metal column is connected to the ground plane metal grid.

[0016] From the above, the design of the double-layer grid antenna improves the circular polarization bandwidth performance of the array antenna; the metal column provides lightning protection function by grounding the double-layer grid antenna.

[0017] Optionally, the positions of the feed points in each array antenna unit on the ground plane metal grid are determined according to the phase difference of the adjacent two feed points.

[0018] From the above, in the design of the circularly polarized antenna, the accurate 90° feed phase difference is the key to realizing high-quality circular polarization; and the positions of the feed points are determined according to the feed phase difference, so as to optimize the electromagnetic wave superposition effect between the array antenna units in space.

[0019] Optionally, the height interval between the ground plane metal grid, the first grid antenna and the second grid antenna, and the sizes of the first grid antenna and the second grid antenna are determined according to the simulation results of the performance parameters of the grid antenna.

[0020] From the above, the performance parameters of the grid antenna, including the key indicators such as gain, directivity, bandwidth, axial ratio, are analyzed in detail by the simulation tool, so as to optimize the electromagnetic coupling between the upper and lower grid antennas with a reasonable height interval, and expand the working frequency band of the grid antenna.

[0021] Optionally, the first grid antenna and the second grid antenna are installed on the ground plane metal grid through a plurality of support columns.

[0022] From the above, the support columns play a supporting role to support the first grid antenna and the second grid antenna in parallel on the ground plane metal grid.

[0023] Optionally, the size of the first grid antenna is greater than the size of the second grid antenna.

[0024] From the above, the size difference between the first grid antenna and the second grid antenna can improve impedance matching, reduce sidelobe level, and improve overall gain and directivity.

[0025] Optionally, the dipole antenna unit is externally equipped with a mounting bracket sleeve.

[0026] From the above, the mounting bracket sleeve is made of bakelite, which is not conductive and protects the dipole antenna unit from physical damage, and provides firm support.

[0027] Optionally, the ground plane metal grid is provided with a mounting bracket at the bottom end, and the ground plane metal grid is provided with an antenna expansion plate on the side.

[0028] From the above, the mounting bracket ensures stable installation of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna, can maintain stability under various environmental conditions, and reduces the influence of external factors on the performance of the antenna; the antenna expansion plate provides additional space and flexibility, facilitates the integration of more antenna units, and thus improves system performance and coverage.

[0029] In summary, the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna provided by the application has the following advantages: four array antenna units adopt a double-layer low-profile design, are small in size, are simpler to transport and erect, two orthogonal dipole antennas are arranged at the middle gap of the four array antenna units, the implementation scheme is simpler and the cost is lower, the four array antenna units receive UHF frequency bands and the two dipole antennas transmit VHF frequency bands, the two frequency band antennas can be perfectly combined, the isolation degree between the array antenna units and the dipole antennas meets the requirements and does not affect each other, the ground plane metal grid and the array antenna units adopt a hollow grid design, so that the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna has lower wind resistance, is lighter in weight, has lower requirements for the erected turntable, and improves the use stability in external environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The various technical features of the application and the relationship between them will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are exemplary, some technical features are not shown in actual proportion, and some technical features in the drawings can be omitted, which are conventional in the technical field to which the application belongs and are not essential for understanding and implementing the application, or additional technical features are shown, which are not essential for understanding and implementing the application, that is, the combination of the technical features shown in the drawings is not used to limit the application. In addition, the same reference signs refer to the same contents throughout the application. The specific drawings are as follows:

[0031] Figure 1 is an oblique view of a specific embodiment of a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna in the application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a top view of a specific embodiment of a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna in the application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a top view of a ground plane metal grid in the application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a dipole antenna unit in the application;

[0035] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a feed plate in the application;

[0036] Figures 6a-6cis a perspective view of another specific embodiment of a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna in the present application;

[0037] Figures 7a-7c is a structure view of a mounting bracket sleeve in the present application;

[0038] Figures 8a-8b are structure views of a first grid antenna and a second grid antenna in the present application respectively;

[0039] Figure 9 is a structure view of a support column and a metal column in the present application;

[0040] Figures 10a-10c is a simulation evaluation view of a dipole antenna in the present application;

[0041] Figures 11a-11d is a simulation evaluation view of a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna in the present application.

[0042] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] 1 - ground plane metal grid, 101 - dipole ground plate, 102 - array antenna ground plate, 103 - feeding metal plate, 2 - dipole antenna unit, 201 - dipole antenna, 2011 - first antenna branch, 2012 - second antenna branch, 2013 - arc part, 2014 - protruding part, 202 - feeding plate, 203 - grounding metal piece, 3 - array antenna unit, 301 - first grid antenna, 302 - second grid antenna, 303 - metal column, 304 - support column, 4 - mounting bracket sleeve, 401 - cross mounting bracket, 4011 - cross mounting cover plate, 402 - sleeve, 403 - sleeve base, 5 - mounting bracket, 6 - antenna expansion plate.

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present application have been shown and described in the above-mentioned drawings, and will be described in more detail hereinafter. These drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present application can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of protection of the present application can be more clearly defined.

[0046] It is to be noted that the relative terms such as first and second and the like in this context are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between such entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without more limitations, an element defined by an expression "comprising A" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element A.

[0047] In the following, the technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail with specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described below can be combined with each other to form new embodiments. For the same or similar ideas or processes described in one embodiment, they can not be described again in other embodiments. In the following, the embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The scheme of the present application is mainly used for high-speed terminal transmission and reception of a ground receiver of a Tiangong low earth orbit satellite constellation. The transmission frequency is a VHF frequency band (30MHz-300MHz), and the reception frequency is a UHF frequency band (300MHz-1000MHz). It is a satellite communication antenna with double frequency bands, double antennas separated, and full-duplex operation. The antenna adopts circular polarization, and the antenna can be conveniently erected on a common turntable, which makes the scheme more simple while ensuring performance.

[0049] As shown in Figures 1-2 The present application provides a satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna, which comprises: a ground plane metal grid 1; four array antenna units 3, each of which is provided with two layers of grid antennas located on the same central axis, and the same diagonal of the two layers of grid antennas is provided with a missing corner; the four array antenna units 3 are arranged at the center positions of the four quadrants of the ground plane metal grid 1 around the center of the ground plane metal grid 1; a dipole antenna unit 2 is arranged at the diagonal center of the four array antenna units 3, and the dipole antenna unit 2 comprises two orthogonal dipole antennas 201, a feed plate 202 connected with the dipole antennas 201, and a grounding metal piece 203 assembled at the center of the ground plane metal grid 1 and connected with the lower end of the feed plate 202.

[0050] Specifically, the ground plane metal grid 1 and the grid antenna are both designed as a hollow grid, which can significantly reduce the overall weight of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna and reduce wind resistance, thereby improving the stability of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna in outdoor environments; the four array antenna units 3 support receiving the UHF frequency band and are arranged at the center positions of the four quadrants around the center of the ground plane metal grid 1, which helps to achieve a more uniform directional diagram and higher gain; each array antenna unit 3 adopts a double-layer low-profile design, i.e., two layers of grid antennas arranged on the same central axis, so that the overall size of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna is smaller, and the transportation and erection are simpler; the two layers of grid antennas are arranged with missing corners on the same diagonal line, which can effectively reduce the sidelobe level and thus improve the overall circular polarization and gain; the two orthogonally arranged dipole antennas 201 can form circular polarization characteristics, and the feed plate 202 is connected with the dipole antennas 201 to ensure effective transmission and distribution of signals and facilitate adjustment of the feed phase difference to achieve circular polarization; the grounding metal piece 203 can provide good electrical grounding; the dipole antenna unit 2 is designed in the four array antenna units 3, which makes full use of space and reduces the overall size, so that the entire antenna system is compact and efficient, and the scheme is simple and convenient, reducing manufacturing costs.

[0051] Optionally, the dipole antenna unit 2 is externally equipped with a mounting bracket sleeve 4.

[0052] Specifically, the mounting bracket sleeve 4 (see Figures 7a-7c ) is made of bakelite, which is not conductive and protects the dipole antenna unit 2 from physical damage, providing firm support.

[0053] Optionally, the ground plane metal grid 1 is provided at the bottom end with a mounting bracket 5, and the ground plane metal grid 1 is provided at the side with an antenna expansion board 6.

[0054] Specifically, the mounting bracket 5 (see Figure 6b ) ensures stable installation of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna and can maintain stability under various environmental conditions, reducing the influence of external factors on the performance of the antenna; the antenna expansion board 6 (see Figure 6b ) provides additional space and flexibility, facilitating the integration of more antenna units and thus improving system performance and coverage.

[0055] Optionally, the dipole antenna 201 comprises: a first antenna branch 2011; a second antenna branch 2012 connected with the first antenna branch 2011 through a circular arc part 2013, the first antenna branch 2011 and the second antenna branch 2012 being orthogonally arranged, and the length of the second antenna branch 2012 being greater than the length of the first antenna branch 2011.

[0056] Specifically, two orthogonally placed antenna branches can generate mutually perpendicular electric field components, respectively, and generate a proper feed phase difference (90°) through the length difference of the two antenna branches, so that the electric field components are synthesized into a rotating electromagnetic wave, thereby realizing circular polarization; the two antenna branches are connected through the circular arc part 2013, which enhances the structural strength and also optimizes the electrical performance.

[0057] Optionally, the upper end of the feed plate 202 is connected with the first antenna branch 2011 and the second antenna branch 2012, and further comprises: a convex component 2014 arranged on the inner side of the circular arc of the circular arc part 2013, and the convex component 2014 is connected to the upper end of the feed plate 202.

[0058] Specifically, the convex component 2014 optimizes the feed path, improves impedance matching, and improves the electrical performance of the dipole antenna 201.

[0059] Optionally, the array antenna unit 3 comprises: a first grid antenna 301, on which a feed point is arranged; a second grid antenna 302, which is arranged above the first grid antenna 301; and a metal column 303, the upper end of which penetrates the middle of the first grid antenna 301 and the middle of the second grid antenna 302, and the lower end of the metal column 303 is connected to the ground plane metal grid 1.

[0060] Specifically, the design of the double-layer grid antenna improves the circular polarization bandwidth performance of the array antenna; and the metal column 303 provides lightning protection function by directly grounding the double-layer grid antenna.

[0061] Optionally, the position of the feed point on the ground plane metal grid 1 in each array antenna unit 3 is determined according to the feed phase difference between two adjacent feed points.

[0062] Specifically, in the design of the circularly polarized antenna, the accurate 90° feed phase difference is the key to realizing high-quality circular polarization; and the position of the feed point is determined according to the feed phase difference, so as to optimize the electromagnetic wave superposition effect between the array antenna units 3 in space.

[0063] Optionally, the height interval between the ground plane metal grid 1, the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302, and the size of the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 are determined according to the simulation results of the performance parameters of the grid antenna.

[0064] Specifically, the performance parameters of the grid antenna are analyzed in detail through a simulation tool, wherein the performance parameters of the grid antenna include key indicators such as gain, directivity, bandwidth, axial ratio, etc., so as to optimize the electromagnetic coupling between the upper and lower grid antennas with a reasonable height interval, and also to expand the working frequency band of the grid antenna.

[0065] Optionally, the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 are installed on the ground plane metal grid 1 through a plurality of support columns 304.

[0066] Specifically, the support column 304 plays a supporting role to support the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 on the ground plane metal grid 1 in parallel, which can be seen from Figure 6b .

[0067] Optionally, the size of the first grid antenna 301 is larger than the size of the second grid antenna 302.

[0068] Specifically, the size difference between the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 can improve impedance matching, reduce sidelobe level, and improve overall gain and directivity.

[0069] In the embodiment shown in Figures 1-9 , the ground plane metal grid 1 in the embodiment of the application is a square metal grid, and the overall size is 120cmx120cm. The ground plane metal grid 1 is made of aluminum plate material, and the ground plane metal grid 1 is uniformly arranged with 4cmx4cm square spaces, i.e. a small square grid design with a 4cmx4cm hole, which can effectively reduce the weight of the antenna, and when used in external environment, it can reduce the wind resistance effect and effectively improve the stability of the antenna.

[0070] As shown in Figure 3 , a slightly larger metal plate is reserved at the center position of the ground plane metal grid 1, and the size is about 3 small square grids. Two orthogonal dipole antenna units 2 are installed at the large-size square metal plate. In the four quadrants of the ground plane metal grid 1, a small-size metal plate is reserved at the center position of each quadrant, and the size is about 1 small square grid. The small-size metal plate is provided with a metal column 303, and the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 are sequentially and intervally sleeved on the metal column 303.

[0071] The embodiment divides the ground plane metal grid 1 into four quadrants as an example, and sequentially introduces the design structure and design scheme of the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna proposed in the embodiment of the application from the center of the ground plane metal grid 1 to the four quadrants.

[0072] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 , 4As shown in FIG. 5, a large square metal plate at the center of the ground plane metal grid 1 is a dipole ground plate 101, and a dipole antenna unit 2 is arranged on the dipole ground plate 101, wherein the dipole antenna unit 2 comprises two orthogonal dipole antennas 201, a feeding plate 202 and a grounding metal piece 203, the dipole antennas 201 and the feeding plate 202 are realized by PCB plates, and the bottom of the feeding plate 202 is grounded through the grounding metal piece 203, that is, connected to the dipole ground plate 101 of the ground plane metal grid 1 through the grounding metal piece 203.

[0073] The dipole antenna 201 comprises a first antenna branch 2011 and a second antenna branch 2012 arranged orthogonally, and the first antenna branch 2011 and the second antenna branch 2012 are connected at the intersection through a circular arc part 2013, the length of the first antenna branch 2011 is shorter than that of the second antenna branch 2012, and the specific setting principle of the dipole antenna 201 is as follows:

[0074] The dipole antenna 201 in the embodiment is a VHF frequency band transmitting antenna, and the target resonant frequency is 230 MHz. The length of the first antenna branch 2011 is slightly shorter, which ensures that the resonant frequency is higher than 230 MHz, and ensures that the antenna phase leads by +45° when transmitting 230 MHz; the length of the second antenna branch 2012 is slightly longer, which ensures that the resonant frequency is lower than 230 MHz, and ensures that the antenna phase lags by -45° when transmitting 230 MHz, the two antenna branches are arranged vertically and orthogonally, and are fed in parallel, which ensures that the electric field directions of the two antenna branches are orthogonal, and the phase difference of one antenna branch leads, and the phase difference of the other antenna branch lags, that is, the phase difference value is +45°-(-45°)=90°. Therefore, the length difference of the two antenna branches is determined by the phase difference, and the length difference of the first antenna branch 2011 and the second antenna branch 2012 is mainly designed to ensure that the antenna phase leads by 45° or lags by 45°.

[0075] In this embodiment, the length difference of the two antenna branches is 68 mm, that is, 34 mm in positive and negative directions, the first antenna branch 2011 is shortened by 34 mm to ensure that the phase is higher than 230 MHz by 45°, and the second antenna branch 2012 is lengthened by 34 mm to ensure that the phase lags behind 230 MHz by 45°.

[0076] The inner side of the circular arc part 2013 is provided with a protruding part 2014, and the protruding part 2014 is in the same plane as the two antenna branches, in this embodiment, the protruding part 2014 is a long strip-shaped PCB plate, which is inserted into the through hole at the upper end of the feeding plate 202.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 5, a large square metal plate at the center of the ground plane metal grid 1 is a dipole ground plate 101, and a dipole antenna unit 2 is arranged on the dipole ground plate 101, wherein the dipole antenna unit 2 comprises two orthogonal dipole antennas 201, a feeding plate 202 and a grounding metal piece 203, the dipole antennas 201 and the feeding plate 202 are realized by PCB plates, and the bottom of the feeding plate 202 is grounded through the grounding metal piece 203, that is, connected to the dipole ground plate 101 of the ground plane metal grid 1 through the grounding metal piece 203. Figure 5As shown, the feed board 202 is provided with a balun feed structure. When the feed board 202 is a rectangular circuit board, one side of the feed board 202 is provided with parallel feed lines and ground lines, and the other side of the feed board 202 is provided with a feed reference ground line, which is made of a quarter-wavelength microstrip line of the antenna operating frequency. The feed reference ground line is connected to the ground line. Two through holes are provided side by side at the top of the feed board 202 for mounting the protruding component 2014, so that the two dipole antennas 201 are arranged orthogonally.

[0078] The grounding metal component 203 is a metal plate with an L-shaped cross-section. The grounding metal component 203 connects one side of the feeder plate 202, which is provided with parallel feeder wires and grounding wires, to the dipole grounding plate 101 at the center of the ground plane metal grid 1.

[0079] The evaluation results of the dipole antenna 201 using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software are as follows: Figure 10a The antenna pattern shown is as follows: Figure 10b The antenna gain diagram shown is as follows: Figure 10c The antenna axial ratio diagram shown indicates that the performance of the dipole antenna 201 fully meets the target design requirements.

[0080] like Figures 6a-6c As shown, a mounting bracket sleeve 4 is also provided on the outside of the dipole antenna element, such as... Figures 7a-7c As shown, the mounting bracket sleeve 4 includes a cross mounting bracket 401, a sleeve 402, and a sleeve base 403. The cross mounting bracket 401 is equipped with a dipole antenna 201 and is encapsulated by a cross mounting cover plate 4011. The feed board 202 is encapsulated by a sleeve 402. The sleeve base 403 can be installed on the dipole ground plane 101 in the middle of the ground plane metal grid 1 by screws or bolts. The upper end of the sleeve 402 is fixedly connected to the cross mounting bracket 401, and the lower end of the sleeve 402 is fixedly connected to the sleeve base 403.

[0081] The small metal plate at the center of each quadrant of the ground plane metal grid 1 is called the array antenna ground plane 102. In the four quadrants, the metal grids that are two small square grids away from the array antenna ground plane 102 have a metal plate with a size of one small square grid, which is called the feed metal plate 103. It is used to set the feed structure corresponding to the feed point of the first grid antenna 301. The orientation of these four feed metal plates 103 is different from that of the array antenna ground plane 102 in the four quadrants.

[0082] by Figure 3Taking the illustrated orientation structure as an example, in the first quadrant, the feed metal plate 103 is located to the right of the array antenna ground plane 102; in the second quadrant, the feed metal plate 103 is located below the array antenna ground plane 102; in the third quadrant, the feed metal plate 103 is located to the left of the array antenna ground plane 102; and in the fourth quadrant, the feed metal plate 103 is located above the array antenna ground plane 102. That is, when the designer's line of sight rotates counterclockwise from the first quadrant to the fourth quadrant, the feed metal plate 103... The orientation of the 3 array antenna elements is arranged in a 90° clockwise rotation from the top left to the bottom right. Regardless of which side of the ground plane metal grid 1 is used to set the four quadrants, the orientation of the feed metal plate 103 is arranged in a 90° clockwise rotation. This arrangement makes the four array antenna elements 3 arranged in a progressive rotation with a 90° phase difference, and the feed phase differences are 0° / 90° / 180° / 270° respectively. The feed phase difference between two adjacent feed points is 90°, so as to effectively improve the circular polarization axial ratio of the antenna.

[0083] The array antenna in this embodiment is a UHF band receiving antenna. The array antenna element 3 includes a first grid antenna 301, a second grid antenna 302, and a metal pillar 303. The grid antennas adopt a double-layer low-profile design. The first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 are arranged vertically in sequence, and their centers are located on the same central axis. The metal pillar 303 (its shape is shown in the figure) passes through the center of the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302. Figure 9 (Left) DC grounding can effectively improve the antenna's lightning protection performance, and the antenna size is smaller, making transportation and installation simpler. The first grid antenna 301 is located on the lower layer, and the second grid antenna 302 is located on the upper layer. There is a certain height interval between the ground plane metal grid 1, the first grid antenna 301, and the second grid antenna 302. This height interval is selected based on the simulation results of the grid antenna performance parameters.

[0084] like Figures 8a-8b As shown, the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 are uniformly arranged with 4cm×4cm square spaces, i.e., a 4cm×4cm small square grid design. A notched corner design is used at the same diagonal position of the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302. On the diagonal of the first grid antenna 301, a notched corner is set at one small square grid position, and on the diagonal of the second grid antenna 302, a notched corner is set at two small square grid positions. This design can improve the circular polarization performance of the antenna. In this embodiment, the side length ratio of the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 is 9:8, which is suitable for a ground plane metal grid of size 1120cm×120cm. The larger size of the first grid antenna 301 can enhance the coupling effect between it and the second grid antenna 302, thereby improving the gain and directivity of the grid antenna.

[0085] The first grid antenna 301 retains a metal plate with a size of about 1 small square grid, and a feeding point is arranged on the metal plate, that is, a vertically downward arranged metal strip, which is arranged corresponding to the position of the small metal cylinder arranged on the feeding metal plate 103 on the ground plane metal grid 1.

[0086] As shown in Figure 6b , four support columns 304 (see Figure 9 for the shape) are respectively arranged around the centers of the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302, and the four support columns 304 play a supporting role to horizontally support the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302 on the ground plane metal grid 1, and at the same time, the support columns 304 also fix the interval between the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302; the support columns 304 are of bakelite structure and are not conductive, and the support columns 304 and the metal columns 303 have the same structure, that is, the upper end is a cylindrical structure and the lower end is a hexagonal structure, and the two successively support the first grid antenna 301 and the second grid antenna 302.

[0087] A support column 304 can also be arranged on the feeding metal plate 103 to support the first grid antenna 301.

[0088] The four array antenna units 3 are respectively arranged in the four quadrants of the ground plane metal grid 1, and since the orientations of the feeding metal plate 103 are arranged in a 90° clockwise sequence, the four array antenna units 3 arranged corresponding thereto are arranged in a 90° phase difference progressive rotation form, which effectively improves the circular polarization axial ratio of the grid antenna; the grid antenna adopts a metal aluminum plate material, and small square grids with a size of 4cm×4cm are dug on the metal aluminum plate, which effectively reduces the weight of the antenna while ensuring the performance of the antenna, and reduces the wind resistance when used in external environment, effectively improving the stability of the antenna. The four array antenna units 3 are designed in this scheme, and the evaluation results of the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software are as shown in the antenna directional diagram Figure 11a , the antenna gain diagram Figure 11b , and the antenna axial ratio diagram Figure 11c , the performance of the array antenna completely meets the target design requirements; at the same time, the isolation degree of the array antenna unit 3 and the dipole antenna unit 2 also meets the use requirements, as shown in Figure 11d .

[0089] In this embodiment, by adopting four planar array antenna units 3 to receive UHF band signals, and separately designing two orthogonally arranged dipole antennas 201 for transmitting VHF band signals between the gaps of the four array antenna units 3, the dual-band dual-antenna reasonably utilizes the space, ensures that the isolation between the array antenna and the dipole antenna 201 meets the requirements while reducing the size of the antenna, ensures that the array antenna and the dipole antenna 201 can work independently without affecting each other; at the same time, the grid antenna and the ground plane metal grid 1 are both designed with square grids, which are lighter and more stable, the scheme is simpler and the cost is lower.

[0090] In addition, the ground plane metal grid 1 is provided with two parallel installation supports 5 at the bottom end, the installation support 5 is in a U shape, and the installation support 5 fixes the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna on the turntable; the antenna expansion plate 6 is arranged in the middle of the four sides of the ground plane metal grid 1, which can be used to externally connect other antennas such as 4G antennas, GPS antennas and the like, the antenna expansion plate 6 is an L-shaped plate, one end of the antenna expansion plate 6 is installed on the ground plane metal grid 1, and the other end of the antenna expansion plate 6 is provided with a mounting through hole to externally connect other antennas.

[0091] In summary, the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna provided by the application has four array antenna units 3 designed with double-layer low profile, which is small in size and simple to transport and erect, and two orthogonally arranged dipole antennas 201 are arranged in the middle gap of the four array antenna units 3, which realizes a simpler scheme and lower cost, the four array antenna units 3 receive UHF band signals, and the two dipole antennas 201 transmit VHF band signals, the two frequency band antennas can be perfectly combined, the isolation between the array antenna unit 3 and the dipole antenna 201 meets the requirements while saving space and reducing size, and they do not affect each other; the ground plane metal grid 1 and the array antenna unit 3 are both designed with hollow grids, so that the satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna has lower wind resistance, lighter weight and lower requirement for the erected turntable in the external environment, and the stability in the external environment is improved.

[0092] It should be noted that in the description herein, the terms "middle", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0093] In addition, the terms "mounting", "setting", "provided with", "connected", "linked", "socketed" and the like should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral structure; it can be mechanical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two devices, elements or components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0094] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. If there is a conflict between the definitions in the present application and those provided in the art, the definitions in the present application are intended to control. In addition, the terms used in the present description are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0095] Note that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principle used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the technical concept of the present application, and all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0096] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structural transformation using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A grid antenna for a satellite communication ground receiver, characterized in that, include: Ground plane metal grid; The array antenna unit is provided in four parts. Each array antenna unit is provided with two layers of grid antennas located on the same central axis. The two layers of grid antennas are provided with a corner cut off on the same diagonal line. The four array antenna units are arranged in the four quadrants of the ground plane metal grid around the center of the ground plane metal grid. A dipole antenna element is disposed at the center of the diagonal of the four array antenna elements. The dipole antenna element includes two orthogonally arranged dipole antennas, a feed board connected to the dipole antennas, and a grounding metal component assembled at the center of the ground plane metal grid and connected to the lower end of the feed board.

2. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dipole antenna element includes: First antenna stub; The second antenna stub is connected to the first antenna stub via an arc portion. The first antenna stub and the second antenna stub are orthogonally arranged, and the length of the second antenna stub is greater than the length of the first antenna stub.

3. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the feed board is connected to the first antenna stub and the second antenna stub, and further includes: A protruding component is provided on the inner side of the arc of the arc portion, and the protruding component is connected to the upper end of the power supply board.

4. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The array antenna element includes: The first grid antenna has a feed point on it; The second grid antenna is positioned above the first grid antenna; A metal pillar, the upper end of which passes through the middle of the first grid antenna and the middle of the second grid antenna, and the lower end of the metal pillar is connected to the ground plane metal grid.

5. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The position of the feed point in each array antenna element on the ground plane metal grid is determined based on the feed phase difference between two adjacent feed points.

6. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the simulation results of the grid antenna performance parameters, the height interval between the ground plane metal grid, the first grid antenna, and the second grid antenna, as well as the dimensions of the first grid antenna and the second grid antenna, are determined.

7. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first grid antenna and the second grid antenna are mounted on the ground plane metal grid by multiple support columns.

8. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The size of the first grid antenna is larger than the size of the second grid antenna.

9. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dipole antenna unit is externally fitted with a mounting bracket sleeve.

10. The satellite communication ground receiver grid antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The ground plane metal grid is provided with a mounting bracket at its bottom end, and an antenna extension board is provided around the ground plane metal grid.

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