Improved photovoltaic cell structure
By setting light-transmitting holes between photovoltaic cell units, the problem of the difficulty in improving the light transmittance of existing photovoltaic cells is solved, achieving a balance between improving light transmittance and photoelectric conversion efficiency, making it suitable for applications requiring light transmittance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic cells struggle to improve light transmittance while maintaining photoelectric conversion efficiency, especially in applications requiring light transmittance, such as agricultural roofs or building window sills.
Light-transmitting holes are set between photovoltaic units while keeping the gap configuration between photovoltaic units unchanged. Light transmittance is improved by directly processing light-transmitting holes on the photovoltaic cell structure.
It improves the light transmittance of photovoltaic cell structures while maintaining photoelectric conversion efficiency, making it suitable for applications requiring light transmittance, such as agricultural canopies and building window sills.
Smart Images
Figure CN224022189U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a photovoltaic cell, especially a photovoltaic cell structure with improved light transmittance. BACKGROUND
[0002] The research of photovoltaic cells is a direction that is expected by the public in renewable energy. Although most of the products that have been commercialized today are based on silicon as the main material, the development of organic photovoltaic cells using high molecular materials has attracted attention from the industry and academia due to their simple manufacturing process, low cost, lightweight material, and flexibility.
[0003] Currently, when preparing organic photovoltaic cells, coating is often used as a technology for preparing photovoltaic cell thin films. This method has the advantage of providing the thin film with better flatness and uniformity. The technology for preparing large-area organic photovoltaic cells has been implemented in the industry, enabling the production of these photovoltaic cells with advantages such as flexibility, light weight, and impact resistance at a lower cost.
[0004] Photovoltaic cells have many types of photovoltaic conversion devices in terms of structure, such as organic photovoltaic cells or perovskite photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic cells are connected in series and parallel by multiple photovoltaic units, and each photovoltaic unit includes an electron transfer layer, an active layer (in organic solar cells (OPV), the light-absorbing layer is called a bulk heterojunction layer (BHJ layer)), and a hole transfer layer. Further, the upper and lower electrode layers and the wire are linearly connected to achieve the effects of photovoltaic conversion and electron transfer.
[0005] To further increase the applicability of photovoltaic cells, such as those installed on agricultural roofs or building windowsills, in addition to increasing the need for light, it is also desirable to achieve the dual effect of light transmission. Therefore, it is desirable to make the photovoltaic cell have a partial light transmittance to achieve the dual effect of light generation and light transmission. Therefore, the known technology often uses the light transmission characteristics of the gap between multiple photovoltaic units to increase the overall light transmittance of the photovoltaic cell by increasing the gap width. SUMMARY
[0006] Therefore, the main purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem of improving the light transmittance of the photovoltaic cell structure. The utility model provides an improved photovoltaic cell structure with a light transmission hole on the photovoltaic unit to improve the light transmittance of the photovoltaic cell structure. This design does not change the gap configuration between the photovoltaic units and does not affect the wiring configuration. It can be directly processed with light transmission on the original photovoltaic cell structure design to achieve the effect of improving the light transmittance of the photovoltaic cell structure.
[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides an improved photovoltaic cell structure contains: a transparent substrate and a plurality of photovoltaic units. The plurality of photovoltaic units are arranged on one side surface of the transparent substrate, and a gap is formed between each photovoltaic unit, and the photovoltaic unit contains: a lower conductive layer, a photovoltaic layer and an upper conductive layer. The lower conductive layer is arranged on one side surface of the transparent substrate. The photovoltaic layer is arranged on one side surface of the lower conductive layer. The upper conductive layer is arranged on one side surface of the photovoltaic layer. The upper conductive layer of each photovoltaic unit is electrically connected in series with the lower conductive layer of another photovoltaic unit. At least one light transmission hole is arranged on each photovoltaic unit, and the lower conductive layer is exposed through the light transmission hole.
[0008] In an embodiment of the utility model, the thickness of the transparent substrate is 10um-500um.
[0009] In an embodiment of the utility model, the upper conductive layer and the lower conductive layer are provided with an electrode wire connected with the outside, and the electrode wire forms a flat cable wiring area.
[0010] In an embodiment of the utility model, the thickness of the lower conductive layer is 100nm-10um.
[0011] In an embodiment of the utility model, the photovoltaic layer sequentially contains an electron transfer layer, an active layer and a hole transfer layer, or the photovoltaic layer sequentially contains a hole transfer layer, an active layer and an electron transfer layer.
[0012] In an embodiment of the utility model, the photovoltaic cell structure is packaged in a packaging layer, and the packaging layer contains an upper packaging layer and a lower packaging layer. ACCURATE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is the photovoltaic cell structure semi-finished product schematic drawing of the utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The top view schematic drawing of it is;
[0015] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 , 2 The schematic drawing of making an upper conductive layer on the photovoltaic layer of the photovoltaic cell structure of it is;
[0016] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 The top view schematic drawing of it is;
[0017] Figure 5 It is Figure 3 , 4 The schematic drawing of etching the upper conductive layer and the photovoltaic layer to form a plurality of photovoltaic unit series is;
[0018] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a schematic diagram of making light transmission hole on each photovoltaic cell of
[0019] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a top view schematic diagram of
[0020] Figure 8 is another embodiment schematic diagram of the present utility model.
[0021] Wherein, the reference signs:
[0022] 10: photovoltaic cell structure
[0023] 1: transparent substrate
[0024] 2: lower conductive layer
[0025] 3: photovoltaic layer
[0026] 31: electron transfer layer
[0027] 32: active layer
[0028] 33: hole transfer layer
[0029] 3a: photovoltaic cell
[0030] 31a: gap
[0031] 4: upper conductive layer
[0032] 5: light transmission hole
[0033] 20: encapsulation layer
[0034] 201: upper encapsulation layer
[0035] 202: lower encapsulation layer DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The technical content and detailed description of the present utility model are explained as follows by referring to the drawings:
[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 , 2 the present utility model is photovoltaic cell structure semi-finished product schematic diagram and Figure 1Fig. 1 is a top view of a schematic diagram of the improved photovoltaic cell structure. As shown: the improved photovoltaic cell structure, in the process of making the photovoltaic cell structure 10, first provides a transparent substrate 1, which is a transparent substrate or a transparent substrate roll, and the transparent substrate 1 is a light-transmitting plastic or a light-transmitting glass substrate. The light-transmitting plastic is phenol novolac (PN), polyamide (PA), polyimide (PI), polyurethanes (PU), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or acrylic plastic. In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the transparent substrate 1 is 10 um to 500 um.
[0038] A lower conductive layer 2 is formed on one side surface of the transparent substrate 1 by coating, sputtering, or evaporation. In the embodiment of the present application, the lower conductive layer 2 is metal or metal oxide, or a multi-layer combination of conductive polymer, metal oxide, metal, and metal oxide. The lower conductive layer 2 is electrically connected to the outside by an electrode lead wire (not shown in the figure), which can be printed as a flat cable wiring area (not shown in the figure). The electrode lead wire is made of indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum, copper foil, copper wire, conductive tape, or silver glue, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the lower conductive layer 2 is 100 nm to 10 um.
[0039] A photovoltaic layer 3 is coated on one side surface of the lower conductive layer 2. In the embodiment of the present application, the photovoltaic layer 3 sequentially includes an electron transfer layer 31, an active layer 32, and a hole transfer layer 33, or the photovoltaic layer 3 sequentially includes a hole transfer layer 33, an active layer 32, and an electron transfer layer 31 on one side surface of the lower conductive layer 2. In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the photovoltaic layer 3 is 0.1 um to 500 um.
[0040] More noteworthy is that the photovoltaic layer 3 of the present application can be an organic photovoltaic cell (OPV), a copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) thin film photovoltaic cell, a cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film photovoltaic cell, a silicon (α-Si) thin film photovoltaic cell, a perovskite thin film photovoltaic cell, or a dye-sensitized (DSSC) photovoltaic cell.
[0041] Please refer toFigure 3 、 4 , in Figure 1 、 2 a schematic diagram of making an upper conductive layer on the photovoltaic layer of the photovoltaic cell structure of the utility model and Figure 3 a top view schematic diagram; meanwhile, refer to Figure 1 、 2 . As shown in the figure: after the photovoltaic layer 3 in the embodiment of the utility model is made, an upper conductive layer 4 is made on one side surface of the photovoltaic layer 3.
[0042] The upper conductive layer 4 can be made on one side surface of the photovoltaic layer 3 by coating, sputtering or evaporation combined with laser etching. In the embodiment of the utility model, the upper conductive layer 4 is metal or metal oxide, or conductive polymer, metal oxide, metal and multi-layer combination of metal oxide.
[0043] The upper conductive layer 4 is also electrically connected with the outside by an electrode wire (not shown in the figure), which can be printed as a flat cable wiring area (not shown in the figure). The electrode wire is made of indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum, copper foil, copper wire, conductive tape or silver glue, etc. In the embodiment of the utility model, the upper conductive layer 4 can have glossiness, providing light reflection or refraction effect.
[0044] Please refer to Figure 5 , in Figure 3 、 4 a schematic diagram of etching the upper conductive layer and the photovoltaic layer to form a plurality of photovoltaic unit strings; meanwhile, refer to Figures 1 to 4 . As shown in the figure: after the upper conductive layer 4 of the utility model is made, etching processing is carried out.
[0045] Without damaging the transparent substrate 1, laser etching is carried out by a certain laser energy to etch the photovoltaic layer 3 and the lower conductive layer 2 to form a plurality of photovoltaic units 3a. A gap 31a is formed between each photovoltaic unit 3a. The upper conductive layer 4 of the first photovoltaic unit 3a is electrically connected with the lower conductive layer 2 of the second photovoltaic unit 3a. A plurality of photovoltaic units 3a form a string shape. The semi-finished photovoltaic cell structure after processing is a non-(semi-) light-transmitting photovoltaic cell structure, as shown in the figure.
[0046] It is worth mentioning that the photovoltaic layer 3 of the utility model is not limited to the figure shown. The photovoltaic layer 3 structure can be further optimized by laser etching and the setting of the insulating layer.
[0047] Please refer to Figure 6 、 7 , in Figure 5a schematic view of a light-transmitting hole making process for each photovoltaic unit Figure 6 a top view schematic diagram. After the plurality of photovoltaic units 3a are generated, the laser etching method is used to hollow etch the upper conductive layer 4 and the lower conductive layer 2 of each photovoltaic unit 3a, and at least one light-transmitting hole 5 is generated on each photovoltaic unit 3a. The light-transmitting hole 5 can further include the corresponding lower conductive layer 2, so that the lower conductive layer 2 is in an exposed state.
[0048] By directly setting the light-transmitting hole 5 on each photovoltaic unit 3a, the light-transmitting property of the photovoltaic cell structure 10 can be directly improved, although part of the light-to-electricity conversion area is reduced. However, the photovoltaic cell structure 10 can be used in combination with the needs of users, such as buildings or power generation products that take into account the power supply and lighting needs. For example, the needs of agricultural product greenhouse roofs, building outdoor windows, or light covers.
[0049] Please refer to Figure 8 Another embodiment of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram. As shown in the figure: the photovoltaic cell structure 10 completed by the present application can be packaged by a packaging layer 20. The packaging layer 20 has an upper packaging layer 201 and a lower packaging layer 202, so as to package the photovoltaic cell structure 10 therebetween, so as to achieve the water and gas blocking effect. In the embodiment of the present application, the packaging layer 20 is a transparent plastic or glass substrate.
[0050] The above-mentioned is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, which is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made by applying the contents of the specification or drawings of the present application are also included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present application, and it is hereby declared.
Claims
1. An improved photovoltaic cell structure, characterized in that, Include: A transparent substrate; and Multiple photovoltaic units are disposed on one surface of the transparent substrate, with a gap formed between each photovoltaic unit. Each photovoltaic unit comprises: A conductive layer is disposed on one side surface of the transparent substrate; A photovoltaic layer is disposed on one side surface of the lower conductive layer; A conductive layer is disposed on one side surface of the photovoltaic layer; In this configuration, the upper conductive layer of each photovoltaic unit is electrically connected in series with the lower conductive layer of the other photovoltaic unit. Each of the photovoltaic units is provided with at least one light-transmitting hole, which exposes the lower conductive layer.
2. The improved photovoltaic cell structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the transparent substrate is 10um to 500um.
3. The improved photovoltaic cell structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper conductive layer and the lower conductive layer are provided with an electrode wire that is electrically connected to the outside, and the electrode wire forms a flat cable connection area.
4. The improved photovoltaic cell structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the lower conductive layer is 100 nm to 10 μm.
5. The improved photovoltaic cell structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic layer sequentially comprises an electron transport layer, an active layer, and a hole transport layer, or the photovoltaic layer sequentially comprises a hole transport layer, an active layer, and an electron transport layer.
6. The improved photovoltaic cell structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell structure is encapsulated in an encapsulation layer, which includes an upper encapsulation layer and a lower encapsulation layer.