Friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface smoothing mechanism and friction stir welding device

Abstract

The utility model provides a friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface smoothing mechanism which comprises a surface smoothing mechanism body, the surface smoothing mechanism body is detachably installed on a friction stir welding device body through a circular ring clamp, and the working end of the surface smoothing mechanism body is attached to the welding face of an aluminum alloy workpiece. The flattening direction of a rotating blade of the surface flattening mechanism body is consistent with the welding direction of a stirring head of the friction stir welding device. The utility model further provides a friction stir welding device. The surface smoothing mechanism and the stirring head operate synchronously, a welding surface is smoothed in real time, the smoothness of a welding path is ensured, welding resistance or material accumulation caused by uneven surface is reduced, so that the welding seam forming quality is improved, the circular ring clamp is detachably connected with the friction stir welding device, the smoothing and welding procedures are integrated, and the production efficiency is improved. The secondary clamping time of the workpiece is shortened, and the machining efficiency is improved; and in addition, the device is suitable for different friction stir welding aluminum alloy additive manufacturing aluminum alloy devices.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, especially to a friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface planing mechanism and a friction stir welding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of the lightweight trend in the high-end manufacturing field, the demand for light metal materials represented by aluminum alloy has surged. Although the traditional molten additive manufacturing technology can realize rapid prototyping, its coarse columnar crystal organization, porosity defects and element segregation seriously restrict the mechanical properties and engineering applicability of the components. Under this background, friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM) as a revolutionary solid-phase deposition technology effectively avoids the solidification defects of the molten pool due to its low-temperature forming characteristics, and exhibits unique advantages in the manufacturing of aviation-grade aluminum alloy components.

[0003] However, the present FSAM process is prone to produce significant surface wavy texture during multi-layer stacking. This periodic rough morphology not only destroys the appearance integrity of the component, but more importantly, it can cause multiple hazards during service: first, the geometric stress concentration source formed by the surface protruding part induces micro-crack initiation under dynamic load, reducing the fatigue life; second, the mechanical biting effect of the wave crest and trough can interfere with the positioning accuracy of subsequent machining, causing abnormal tool wear caused by uneven cutting allowance; third, the rough surface has a negative impact on the adhesion of the coating, forcing the need to increase the surface finishing process, resulting in rising manufacturing costs. Especially for thin-walled load-bearing components in the aerospace field, such surface defects can significantly reduce their critical buckling load, severely restricting the application of FSAM technology in the manufacturing of precision structural parts.

[0004] Existing technologies focus on FSAM process parameter optimization to improve interlayer bonding quality, but ignore the key engineering bottleneck of surface morphology control. Therefore, developing an auxiliary device that can correct the surface morphology of the deposited layer in real time by actively intervening in the material flow state during the forming process to control the surface roughness (Ra) to a certain extent has become a core problem that needs to be solved to promote the engineering application of FSAM technology. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] To solve the above problems, the utility model aims at providing a friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface planing mechanism and a friction stir welding device that can simultaneously cut when printing aluminum alloy parts in the friction stir welding device, achieving a smooth surface roughness (Ra).

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] The utility model provides a kind of surface flattening mechanism for friction stir welding aluminum alloy, including surface flattening mechanism body, the surface flattening mechanism body is detachably fixed installation on the body of friction stir welding device by circular ring clamp, the working end of the surface flattening mechanism body is attached to the welding surface of aluminum alloy workpiece, and the flattening direction of the rotary blade of the surface flattening mechanism body is consistent with the welding direction of the stir head of friction stir welding device.

[0008] Further, the surface flattening mechanism body includes a support platform, one end of which is connected to the circular ring clamp, and the other end is connected to a guide rod; a sliding plate is slidably connected to the guide rod, and a positioning bolt is mounted on the sliding plate; the sliding plate is mounted with a motor system through a bolt, and the driving end of the motor system is connected to the rotary blade.

[0009] Further, the guide rod is two groups, which are arranged side by side between the inner sides of one end of the support platform.

[0010] Further, the positioning bolt is two groups, which are arranged at the top of the sliding plate.

[0011] Further, the inner side of the support platform is provided with a vertical plate, and a gear is mounted on the vertical plate; a sliding window is provided on the sliding plate, and a translational tooth engaging with the gear is provided on the sliding window; a rotary handle is provided on the gear.

[0012] Further, the driving end of the motor system is an L-shaped driving rod.

[0013] Further, the L-shaped driving rod is provided with a first bearing, a second bearing, a direction-changing gear, a third bearing and a fourth bearing inside; the L-shaped driving rod changes the axial direction of the driving shaft of the motor system by cooperating the first bearing, the second bearing, the direction-changing gear, the third bearing and the fourth bearing.

[0014] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model also provides a kind of friction stir welding device, including the surface flattening mechanism for friction stir welding aluminum alloy as described above.

[0015] Beneficial effects: the surface flattening mechanism of the utility model synchronously operates with the stir head, flattens the welding surface in real time, ensures that the welding path is flat, reduces the welding resistance or material accumulation caused by uneven surface, thereby improves the weld forming quality, the circular ring clamp and the body of friction stir welding device can be detachably connected, the integrated operation of flattening and welding process can be realized, the secondary clamping time of workpiece is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved; in addition, it can be applied to different friction stir welding aluminum alloy additive manufacturing aluminum alloy devices, improve adaptability and facilitate maintenance and replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this patent, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A structural schematic view of the surface flattening mechanism for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the application;

[0018] Figure 2 A perspective view of the surface flattening mechanism for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the application;

[0019] Figure 3 A Figure 2 enlarged schematic view of the middle A part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0021] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] Referring to Figures 1-3 : A surface flattening mechanism for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy, comprising a surface flattening mechanism body 1, which is detachably fixedly installed on the body of a friction stir welding device 3 through a circular ring clamp 2, the working end of the surface flattening mechanism body 1 abuts against the welding surface of an aluminum alloy workpiece 4, and the flattening direction of the rotating blade 101 of the surface flattening mechanism body 1 is consistent with the welding direction of the stir head 301 of the friction stir welding device 3.

[0024] The surface flattening mechanism of the present embodiment synchronously operates with the stir head, flattens the welding surface in real time, ensures the flatness of the welding path, reduces the welding resistance or material accumulation caused by the uneven surface, thereby improving the weld forming quality, and through the detachable connection of the circular ring clamp and the friction stir welding device body, the integrated operation of the flattening and welding processes can be realized, the secondary clamping time of the workpiece is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved. In addition, it can be applied to different friction stir welding aluminum alloy additive manufacturing aluminum alloy devices, improve the adaptability and facilitate maintenance and replacement.

[0025] In a specific example, the surface flattening mechanism body 1 comprises a support platform 102, one end of which is connected to a circular ring clamp 2, and the other end is connected to a guide rod 103; the guide rod 103 is slidably connected with a sliding plate 104, the sliding plate 104 is provided with a positioning bolt 1041, and the sliding plate 104 is provided with a motor system 106 through a bolt 105, and the driving end of the motor system 106 is connected with a rotating blade 101.

[0026] The embodiment realizes flexible adjustment: the sliding plate slides along the guide rod, and is fixed by the positioning bolt, so that the position of the rotating blade can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different workpiece thicknesses or processing requirements; power separation design: the motor system is independently installed, which is convenient for maintaining or upgrading the power components, and reduces the interference of vibration on the welding process.

[0027] In a specific example, the guide rod 103 is two groups, which are arranged side by side on the inner side of one end of the support platform 102.

[0028] The upper and lower side-by-side double guide rod structure of the embodiment provides double support to prevent the sliding plate from tilting during movement and ensure the stability of the rotating blade running track; the two groups of guide rods disperse the stress and prolong the service life, and are especially suitable for high-strength continuous processing scenes.

[0029] In a specific example, the positioning bolt 1041 is two groups, which are arranged at the top of the two ends of the sliding plate 104.

[0030] The positioning bolts at the top of the two ends of the embodiment form a symmetrical lock to avoid the deviation of the sliding plate caused by single-point fixation and improve the positioning accuracy; the bolt structure is simple and reliable, and the operator can quickly complete the tightening operation to improve the work efficiency.

[0031] In a specific example, the inner side of the support platform 102 is provided with a vertical plate 1021, the vertical plate 1021 is provided with a gear 1022, the sliding plate 104 is provided with a sliding window 1042, the sliding window 1042 is provided with a translational tooth 10421 which is engaged with the gear 1022, and the gear 1022 is provided with a rotating handle 10221.

[0032] The gear and the translational tooth of the embodiment are engaged and matched with the rotating handle to realize fine adjustment of the position of the sliding plate and ensure accurate fitting of the blade and the surface of the workpiece; the rotating handle provides an intuitive manual control mode, which is convenient for the operator to adjust in real time during the processing process without relying on external tools.

[0033] In a specific example, the driving end of the motor system 106 is an L-shaped driving rod 1061.

[0034] The L-shaped driving rod of the embodiment saves space, so that the motor system can be installed laterally, avoiding interference with the stirring head or other components, and optimizing the overall layout of the equipment; the driving axis direction is changed through the L-shaped structure, and power is directly transmitted to the blade, reducing energy loss.

[0035] In a specific example, the inside of the L-shaped driving rod 1061 is provided with a first bearing 10611, a second bearing 10612, a direction-changing gear 10613, a third bearing 10614, and a fourth bearing 10615, and the L-shaped driving rod changes the axis direction of the driving shaft of the motor system 106 through the first bearing 10611, the second bearing 10612, the direction-changing gear 10613, the third bearing 10614, and the fourth bearing 10615.

[0036] The combination of the first to fourth bearings and the direction-changing gear in the embodiment ensures smooth power transmission, reduces vibration and noise, and the bearing structure reduces friction loss, is suitable for high-speed rotation scenarios, and improves equipment durability.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment also provides a friction stir welding device, which comprises the friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface flattening mechanism as described above.

[0039] The friction stir welding device of the embodiment has the same advantages as the friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface flattening mechanism described above compared with the prior art, and will not be described here.

[0040] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A surface flattening mechanism for friction stir welding of aluminum alloys, comprising: The surface flattening mechanism body (1) is detachably fixedly installed on the body of the friction stir welding device (3) through the circular ring clamp (2), the working end of the surface flattening mechanism body (1) abuts the welding surface of the aluminum alloy workpiece (4), and the flattening direction of the rotating blade (101) of the surface flattening mechanism body (1) is consistent with the welding direction of the stirring head (301) of the friction stir welding device (3).

2. The friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface flattening mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The surface flattening mechanism body (1) comprises a support platform (102), one end of the support platform (102) is connected with the circular ring clamp (2), and the other end is connected with a guide rod (103); the guide rod (103) is slidably connected with a sliding plate (104), the sliding plate (104) is provided with a positioning bolt (1041), and the sliding plate (104) is provided with a motor system (106) through a bolt (105); and the driving end of the motor system (106) is connected with the rotating blade (101).

3. The friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface flattening mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The guide rod (103) is provided in two groups and arranged side by side on the inner side of one end of the support platform (102).

4. The friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface flattening mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The positioning bolt (1041) is provided in two groups and arranged at the top of the two ends of the sliding plate (104).

5. The friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface planing mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The inner side of the support platform (102) is provided with a vertical plate (1021), the vertical plate (1021) is provided with a gear (1022), the sliding plate (104) is provided with a sliding window (1042), the sliding window (1042) is provided with a translational gear (10421) engaged with the gear (1022), and the gear (1022) is provided with a rotating handle (10221).

6. The friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface planing mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The driving end of the motor system (106) is an L-shaped driving rod (1061).

7. The friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface planing mechanism of claim 6, wherein, The inside of the L-shaped driving rod (1061) is provided with a first bearing (10611), a second bearing (10612), a direction-changing gear (10613), a third bearing (10614) and a fourth bearing (10615), and the L-shaped driving rod is provided with the first bearing (10611), the second bearing (10612), the direction-changing gear (10613), the third bearing (10614) and the fourth bearing (10615) to change the axis direction of the driving shaft of the motor system (106).

8. A friction stir welding apparatus characterized by comprising: The surface flattening mechanism comprises the friction stir welding aluminum alloy surface flattening mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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