Pressure optimizing device for switching condenser

Abstract

According to the pressure optimizing device of the switching condenser, the bypass pipeline is arranged between the upstream pipeline of the air inlet valve and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system, and balance of pressure in the condenser is effectively achieved. In the process of switching precooling and hot melting of the condenser, the bypass pipeline provides nitrogen for the condenser to serve as a pressure balance medium, and equipment damage and overuse of an explosion-proof membrane caused by pressure fluctuation are avoided. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, the service life of the explosion-proof membrane can be prolonged, the equipment maintenance cost is reduced, and the safety and stability of the whole system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of condensers, and specifically to a pressure optimization device for switching condensers. Background Technology

[0002] Phthalic anhydride (PA) is an important raw material for the production of chemical products such as plasticizers, coatings, and resins. Its industrial production mainly involves the oxidation reaction of o-xylene or naphthalene in the presence of a catalyst. The resulting gaseous phthalic anhydride is then condensed and separated using a condenser. The condenser is a key piece of equipment in the entire process; its function is to cool and condense the phthalic anhydride in the reaction gas into a solid or liquid for subsequent processing.

[0003] Switching condensers involves multiple pressure changes during condensation, precooling, and melting processes, specifically including:

[0004] 1. Pre-cooling stage: The temperature of the condenser is reduced by cooling oil to prepare for the condensation operation. At this time, due to the decrease in temperature, the gas volume inside the equipment shrinks, which can easily form a negative pressure.

[0005] 2. Condensation stage: Gaseous phthalic anhydride condenses into a solid, and the device operates relatively stably.

[0006] 3. Hot melting stage: The condensed solid phthalic anhydride is melted into liquid by heating with hot oil and enters the downstream equipment. At this time, the temperature rises, the internal gas expands, and positive pressure is formed.

[0007] During the pre-cooling stage, the sudden drop in temperature can easily create negative pressure inside the equipment, potentially causing suction on the tube bundles and resulting in stress concentration. During the melting stage, the increased temperature leads to positive pressure, further increasing the load on the equipment. These frequent changes in positive and negative pressure pose challenges to the equipment's sealing and structural integrity, easily leading to a decline in device performance.

[0008] The explosion-proof diaphragm is an important safety device in the condenser, used to release pressure and protect the equipment when the internal pressure exceeds a certain limit. Due to frequent pressure fluctuations inside the condenser, the explosion-proof diaphragm is subjected to frequent alternating positive and negative pressure impacts, which can easily lead to premature failure or frequent replacement, increasing maintenance costs.

[0009] In existing technologies, the drastic pressure changes during the precooling and melting processes of switching condensers significantly impact the equipment and explosion-proof membranes. These pressure fluctuations not only limit the equipment's lifespan but also significantly increase operating costs and maintenance complexity, becoming one of the main problems affecting the stability and economics of chemical plants. Therefore, a technical solution to optimize the internal pressure of the unit is urgently needed to extend equipment lifespan, reduce operating costs, and improve the safety and reliability of the plant. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a pressure optimization device for switching condensers, so as to solve the technical problem in the related art that the drastic changes in internal pressure during the pre-cooling and hot melting process of switching condensers have a significant impact on the equipment and explosion-proof membrane.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a pressure optimization device for switching condensers, comprising:

[0013] Switch the condenser, which is used to condense gaseous phthalic anhydride;

[0014] An intake valve is located on the side wall of the switching condenser and is connected to the feed pipe of the switching condenser.

[0015] A bypass pipeline, one end of which is connected to the upstream pipeline of the air intake valve, and the other end of which is connected to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system via a flange;

[0016] The fire extinguishing nitrogen system supplies nitrogen as a pressure balancing medium to the switching condenser through the bypass pipeline.

[0017] Furthermore, a pressure regulating valve is also installed in the bypass pipeline to control the pressure balance between the bypass pipeline and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system.

[0018] Furthermore, both ends of the bypass pipeline are equipped with bidirectional check valves. One bidirectional check valve is located at the interface where the bypass pipeline connects to the inlet valve to prevent gas from flowing back into the feed pipeline of the switching condenser. The other bidirectional check valve is located at the flange where the bypass pipeline connects to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system to prevent gas in the condenser from flowing back into the fire extinguishing nitrogen system.

[0019] Furthermore, the device also includes:

[0020] The buffer tank is connected to the middle section of the bypass pipeline via a tee fitting.

[0021] Furthermore, the buffer tank is equipped with a pressure absorption structure inside to absorb pressure fluctuations.

[0022] Furthermore, the pressure absorption structure is a corrugated plate or a packing material.

[0023] Furthermore, the bypass conduit includes:

[0024] The first layer, which is the outermost layer, is a corrosion-resistant layer;

[0025] The second layer is the middle layer, and the second layer is a flexible buffer layer;

[0026] The third layer, which is the innermost layer, is a smooth layer.

[0027] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing nitrogen system includes a tank, and the interior of the tank includes:

[0028] The main gas storage area is used to store the nitrogen gas.

[0029] A buffer zone, located between the main gas storage area and the output interface of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system, is used to stabilize the nitrogen pressure.

[0030] A filtration zone, disposed between the buffer zone and the output interface, is used to filter the nitrogen gas; wherein the filtration zone is filled with activated carbon.

[0031] Furthermore, a safety valve is provided on the top or side of the tank of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system.

[0032] Furthermore, the outer layer of the tank of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system is wrapped with thermal insulation material.

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] The pressure optimization device for switching condensers provided by this utility model effectively balances the internal pressure of the condenser by setting a bypass pipeline between the upstream pipeline of the inlet valve and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system. During the pre-cooling and heat-melting processes of the switching condenser, the bypass pipeline supplies nitrogen to the condenser as a pressure balancing medium, avoiding equipment damage and excessive use of the explosion-proof membrane caused by pressure fluctuations. This device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, can extend the service life of the explosion-proof membrane, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and improve the overall system safety and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure optimization device for switching condensers provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] In the attached image:

[0039] Switch condenser: 101;

[0040] Intake valve: 102

[0041] Bypass pipe: 103;

[0042] Nitrogen extinguishing system: 104;

[0043] First layer: 1031;

[0044] Second layer: 1032;

[0045] Third layer: 1033;

[0046] Main gas storage area: 1041;

[0047] Buffer: 1042;

[0048] Filtering zone: 1043. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a pressure optimization device for switching condenser 101, including:

[0051] Switch condenser 101, which is used to condense gaseous phthalic anhydride.

[0052] In this embodiment, the switching condenser 101 is a device for condensing gaseous phthalic anhydride. It is understood that in chemical production processes, phthalic anhydride initially exists as a gas during the reaction and needs to be converted into a solid or liquid state by the switching condenser 101 for further processing. The switching condenser 101 can condense the gaseous phthalic anhydride by temperature regulation, causing it to condense on the surface of the tube bundle of the switching condenser 101, thereby achieving gas conversion. The switching condenser 101 may contain a cooling medium (e.g., cold oil or hot oil), and the gaseous phthalic anhydride undergoes a condensation reaction through temperature control.

[0053] It is also understandable that the internal pressure of the switching condenser 101 will fluctuate drastically under different working conditions (such as pre-cooling and hot melting). Therefore, this embodiment adopts a pressure optimization design, which effectively balances the pressure changes inside the switching condenser 101 by combining the bypass pipe 103 with the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104.

[0054] In one specific embodiment, the switching condenser 101 may include a condenser housing, which may be a sealed housing made of stainless steel or alloy materials to withstand the internal high temperature, chemical reactions, and high pressure environment. Multiple tube bundles may be arranged inside the condenser housing. These tube bundles are temperature-regulated by a cooling medium (such as cold oil or cold water) to condense gaseous phthalic anhydride into a solid. The surface of the tube bundles may be provided with fins to increase the cooling area and improve heat exchange efficiency. The condenser housing may also be provided with an inlet and an outlet for the cooling medium to introduce and discharge cooling oil or cooling water. The cooling medium can exchange heat with the phthalic anhydride gas through the tube bundles, lowering the gas temperature and promoting its condensation. The side wall of the condenser housing may also be provided with an inlet valve 102 and an outlet valve to control the entry and exit of gas. The inlet valve 102 is connected to the feed pipeline and is responsible for introducing phthalic anhydride gas into the switching condenser 101. The inlet valve 102 controls the gas flow rate and temperature by adjusting its opening degree. An exhaust valve is used to discharge condensed gas or byproduct gas to ensure stable internal pressure of the condenser. In this embodiment, the switching condenser 101 may also include an explosion-proof diaphragm. Specifically, the explosion-proof diaphragm can be disposed on the outside of the condenser housing. The explosion-proof diaphragm can be disposed on the top or side wall of the condenser housing and connected to the switching condenser 101 housing via a flange. When the internal pressure of the switching condenser 101 is too high, the explosion-proof diaphragm will first absorb and release the excess gas, preventing the switching condenser 101 from rupturing or exploding.

[0055] In this embodiment, the switching condenser 101 may also be equipped with temperature and pressure sensors for real-time monitoring of its operating status. These sensors can transmit temperature and pressure data to a pre-set control system to help operators adjust the operating conditions of the switching condenser 101 and ensure it is in optimal working condition.

[0056] It is understood that the switching condenser 101 provided in this embodiment can be used to process gaseous phthalic anhydride gas, and its working principle can be the same as or similar to that of a conventional condenser. That is, the gas is cooled by a cooling medium (such as cold oil or hot water), thereby condensing the gaseous substance into a liquid or solid state. In addition, compared with a conventional condenser, the switching condenser 101 can switch between different working modes (such as precooling, condensation, and heat fusion).

[0057] Specifically, the switching condenser 101 can switch between multiple operating modes, such as pre-cooling mode, condensing mode, and hot-melting mode. In pre-cooling mode, the switching condenser 101 lowers the gas temperature using cold oil, preparing it for subsequent condensation. In condensing mode, the switching condenser 101 continues to condense gaseous phthalic anhydride into a solid or liquid state. In hot-melting mode, the condensed solid is melted using hot oil or other heating media, maintaining the continuity and stability of the equipment.

[0058] An intake valve 102 is disposed on the side wall of the switching condenser 101 and connected to the upstream pipeline of the switching condenser 101.

[0059] In this embodiment, the intake valve 102 can be installed on the side wall of the switching condenser 101 to control the flow of gas into the switching condenser 101. The intake valve 102 can regulate the speed and flow rate of gas flowing into the switching condenser 101 during the condensation process.

[0060] In this embodiment, the intake valve 102 can be connected to the upstream pipeline of the switching condenser 101. When gaseous phthalic anhydride enters the switching condenser 101 through the upstream pipeline, the opening or closing of the intake valve 102 can precisely regulate the airflow, ensuring that the switching condenser 101 maintains a suitable operating pressure and temperature.

[0061] In this embodiment, the upstream pipeline of the switching condenser 101 can be the feed pipeline of the switching condenser 101. It is understood that one end of the feed pipeline is connected to the switching condenser 101 through the inlet valve 102, and the other end is connected to the phthalic anhydride reaction device, which is used to send gaseous phthalic anhydride into the switching condenser 101 for condensation treatment.

[0062] The bypass pipe 103 is connected at one end to the upstream pipe of the air intake valve 102, and at the other end to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 via a flange.

[0063] In this embodiment, the upstream pipeline of the intake valve 102 may be the feed pipeline of the switching condenser 101.

[0064] In this embodiment, the bypass pipe 103 serves as a pressure balancing channel, used to regulate the gas pressure inside the switching condenser 101. During the pre-cooling or hot-melting process of the switching condenser 101, the internal gas pressure fluctuates significantly due to temperature changes. The bypass pipe 103 can help balance these pressure changes by supplying or discharging nitrogen.

[0065] Specifically, one end of the bypass pipe 103 is connected to the upstream pipe of the inlet valve 102, and the other end is connected to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 via a flange. The bypass pipe 103 can control the flow of gas in real time during the operation of the switching condenser 101, guide the excess pressure inside the condenser to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104, or replenish gas under negative pressure conditions to ensure that the pressure is always maintained within a safe range.

[0066] The fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 supplies nitrogen as a pressure balancing medium to the switching condenser 101 through the bypass pipe 103.

[0067] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 can supply nitrogen to the switching condenser 101 through the bypass pipe 103 as a pressure balancing medium.

[0068] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 may include a gas storage tank. This tank can be used to store nitrogen, ensuring that the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 can provide sufficient nitrogen at any time to balance pressure fluctuations inside the switching condenser 101.

[0069] The fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 may also include a pressure reducing valve. This pressure reducing valve is used to regulate the pressure of the nitrogen output from the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104, ensuring that it matches the pressure inside the switching condenser 101. By controlling the output pressure of the nitrogen through the pressure reducing valve, it adapts to the pressure requirements of different operating stages (such as pre-cooling, heat melting, etc.).

[0070] In this embodiment, during the pre-cooling stage, the internal temperature of the switching condenser 101 drops rapidly, causing the gaseous phthalic anhydride gas to cool and begin to condense. During this process, due to the rapid temperature drop, the gas volume inside the switching condenser 101 contracts, resulting in a decrease in internal pressure and the formation of a negative pressure. To prevent damage to the switching condenser 101 and its components due to the negative pressure (such as pipe deformation or material damage), the bypass pipe 103 is connected to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 to replenish nitrogen into the condenser. Nitrogen, as an inert gas, effectively fills the interior of the switching condenser 101, balancing the negative pressure and preventing excessively low internal pressure from adversely affecting the equipment. It is understood that the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 provides a stable nitrogen supply, ensuring that when the gas contraction inside the switching condenser 101 causes a negative pressure, the system can replenish nitrogen in a timely manner, maintaining the internal pressure of the switching condenser 101 within a safe range. During the thermal melting phase, the temperature inside the switching condenser 101 rises, causing the solidified gaseous phthalic anhydride to be heated by hot oil or other heating media and melt into a liquid. Due to the increased temperature, the gas inside the condenser expands, creating positive pressure. To prevent excessive internal pressure from damaging the condenser (such as equipment rupture or seal failure), a bypass pipe 103, connected to the upstream pipe of the inlet valve 102, releases excess gas into the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 when the pressure is too high. The bypass pipe 103 regulates gas flow, slowing the pressure rise inside the switching condenser 101 and ensuring that the gas pressure inside the switching condenser 101 remains within a safe range. When gas expansion generates positive pressure, the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 guides excess gas into the system through the bypass pipe 103, thereby preventing excessive gas pressure inside the switching condenser 101 from damaging the equipment and piping. Therefore, during different operating stages of the switching condenser 101 (such as precooling and heat fusion), the bypass pipe 103 and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 work together to dynamically regulate the internal gas pressure of the switching condenser 101. During the precooling stage, the bypass pipe 103 replenishes nitrogen to balance the negative pressure; during the heat fusion stage, the bypass pipe 103 releases excess gas to slow the rise in positive pressure. This pressure regulation mechanism effectively ensures the safe operation of the equipment and prevents damage to the condenser and explosion-proof membrane caused by excessive pressure fluctuations.

[0071] The pressure optimization device for the switching condenser 101 provided in this embodiment effectively balances the internal pressure of the switching condenser 101 by setting a bypass pipe 103 between the upstream pipeline of the inlet valve 102 and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104. During the pre-cooling and heat-melting processes of the switching condenser 101, the bypass pipe 103 provides nitrogen to the condenser as a pressure balancing medium, avoiding equipment damage and excessive use of the explosion-proof membrane caused by pressure fluctuations. This device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, can extend the service life of the explosion-proof membrane, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and improve the overall system safety and stability.

[0072] In some embodiments, a pressure regulating valve is also provided in the bypass pipe 103 for controlling the pressure balance between the bypass pipe 103 and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104.

[0073] In this embodiment, the pressure regulating valve can be installed in the middle section of the bypass pipe 103, near the part where the bypass pipe 103 connects to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104. The pressure regulating valve can be connected to the bypass pipe 103 via a flange connection or a threaded connection. For flange connections, sealing gaskets or sealant can be used to ensure airtightness between the pipe and the valve, preventing leakage.

[0074] In this embodiment, the pressure regulating valve can automatically adjust the gas flow rate according to a set threshold using a built-in pressure sensor or an adjusting spring. Its function is to maintain a stable flow rate and pressure of nitrogen in the bypass pipeline 103, ensuring that the pressure of the gas inside the switching condenser 101 does not fluctuate excessively. Precise adjustment prevents damage to the switching condenser 101 and the entire system due to excessively high or low pressure.

[0075] In this embodiment, a pressure regulating valve configured in the bypass pipeline 103 can precisely control the pressure balance between the bypass pipeline 103 and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104. This design can adjust the flow rate and pressure of nitrogen in real time during the operation of the switching condenser 101, ensuring that the pressure inside the switching condenser 101 is always kept within a safe range. Through the pressure regulating valve, the system can effectively avoid equipment damage or safety hazards caused by excessive pressure fluctuations, while improving the stability and responsiveness of the device, reducing sensitivity to pressure fluctuations inside the switching condenser 101, extending the service life of the equipment and explosion-proof membrane, reducing maintenance costs, and improving the overall system's operational safety and efficiency.

[0076] In some embodiments, both ends of the bypass pipe 103 are equipped with bidirectional check valves. One bidirectional check valve is located at the interface of the bypass pipe 103 connected to the front end of the inlet valve 102 to prevent gas from flowing back to the feed pipe of the switching condenser 101. The other bidirectional check valve is located at the flange of the bypass pipe 103 connected to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 to prevent gas in the condenser from flowing back into the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104.

[0077] Specifically, the first two-way check valve can be installed at the interface connecting the bypass pipe 103 to the inlet valve 102. This interface is located at the junction of the inlet pipe of the switching condenser 101 and the bypass pipe 103. Installing the two-way check valve at this location effectively prevents gas backflow into the feed pipe of the switching condenser 101. The second two-way check valve is installed at the flange connecting the bypass pipe 103 and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104. The flange connection is the connection point between the bypass pipe 103 and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104; the location of the check valve ensures the normal operation of the nitrogen system.

[0078] In this embodiment, bidirectional check valves are configured at both ends of the bypass pipe 103 to effectively prevent gas backflow or reverse flow under different operating conditions. One bidirectional check valve is located at the interface connecting the bypass pipe 103 to the inlet valve 102, preventing gas backflow into the feed line of the switching condenser 101 and ensuring stable gas flow and undisturbed condensation process within the condenser. The other bidirectional check valve is located at the flange connecting the bypass pipe 103 to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104, preventing gas from the switching condenser 101 from reversing into the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104, ensuring the stability and safety of the nitrogen system. Through the cooperation of these two check valves, the bypass pipe 103 can effectively control the gas flow direction, prevent unnecessary gas backflow, improve the safety and stability of the entire system, and ensure pressure balance and long-term reliable operation of the equipment.

[0079] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes:

[0080] The buffer tank is connected to the middle section of the bypass pipe 103 via a tee fitting.

[0081] In this embodiment, the device also includes a buffer tank, which is connected to the middle section of the bypass pipe 103 via a tee connector. The introduction of this buffer tank effectively absorbs and mitigates instantaneous pressure fluctuations that may occur during condenser operation, preventing rapid pressure changes from impacting the system. Through the buffer tank, gas pressure transitions smoothly, reducing damage to equipment and pipelines from pressure peaks and improving system stability and reliability. Furthermore, the buffer tank can reduce the frequency of pressure regulating valve operation, improving system responsiveness and efficiency, thereby extending equipment lifespan and reducing maintenance costs.

[0082] In some embodiments, the buffer tank is provided with a pressure absorption structure inside to absorb pressure fluctuations.

[0083] In this embodiment, the pressure absorption structure can be a spring buffer structure, a corrugated plate, or a diaphragm.

[0084] In this embodiment, the pressure absorption structure can also be a sound-absorbing material or a shock-absorbing material, such as polyurethane foam, rubber gaskets, etc.

[0085] In this embodiment, the pressure-absorbing structure can be installed inside the buffer tank and securely connected to the tank body via fasteners. For corrugated plates or diaphragms, they can be welded or clamped to the ends or side walls of the buffer tank to ensure effective deformation and absorption during pressure changes. For spring systems, the springs can be fixed inside the buffer tank using brackets to ensure effective elastic response to gas pressure changes.

[0086] In this embodiment, the buffer tank is equipped with a pressure absorption structure to absorb pressure fluctuations. This pressure absorption structure effectively mitigates and absorbs instantaneous pressure fluctuations generated during the operation of the switching condenser 101, preventing sudden shocks to the system caused by pressure changes. Through the pressure absorption structure, the system can smoothly transition through pressure fluctuations, reducing the impact of pressure peaks, thereby improving system stability, reducing mechanical stress on equipment, and extending the service life of pipes and related components. Furthermore, the design of the pressure absorption structure can reduce the frequent operation of pressure regulating valves, improve the overall system response speed and efficiency, and further enhance the safety and operational reliability of the equipment.

[0087] In some embodiments, the pressure-absorbing structure is a corrugated plate or a packing material.

[0088] In this embodiment, the packing material may be an elastic packing material.

[0089] In this embodiment, the filler may be a solid particle filler.

[0090] In this embodiment, the filler may be a sponge or a foam filler.

[0091] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, a bypass pipe 103 is provided, the bypass pipe 103 comprising:

[0092] The first layer 1031 is the outermost layer and is a corrosion-resistant layer.

[0093] The second layer 1032 is an intermediate layer and a flexible buffer layer.

[0094] The third layer 1033 is the innermost layer, and the third layer 1033 is a smooth layer.

[0095] In this embodiment, the corrosion-resistant layer can be made of corrosion-resistant metal materials or composite materials, such as stainless steel, chrome-plated steel, or polymer materials. The main function of the corrosion-resistant layer is to protect the pipeline from external chemical environments and extend its service life. The corrosion-resistant layer prevents corrosion from external substances, ensuring that the pipeline surface is not corroded by chemical liquids or gases. The corrosion-resistant layer directly covers the outer layer of the bypass pipeline 103, and is in contact with the environment, thus providing protection. It can be connected to the intermediate layer (flexible buffer layer) using adhesives or welding techniques to ensure the integrity and stability of the three-layer structure.

[0096] In this embodiment, the flexible buffer layer can be made of flexible materials such as rubber, polyurethane, silicone, or composite elastic materials. The function of the flexible buffer layer is to absorb and mitigate external pressure shocks and instantaneous pressure fluctuations generated within the system through its elasticity and deformability. Especially in condenser systems, where pressure fluctuations are frequent due to changes in gas flow and temperature, this layer can effectively balance these fluctuations. The flexible buffer layer can be encapsulated within the corrosion-resistant layer and connected to the outer corrosion-resistant layer using adhesives or hot-pressing processes.

[0097] In this embodiment, the smoothing layer can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyethylene (PE). The main function of the smoothing layer is to reduce the frictional resistance of gas or liquid flowing inside the pipe, promoting smoother fluid flow. This helps improve the flow efficiency of the pipe and reduce energy loss. The smoothing layer directly covers the innermost layer of the bypass pipe 103, closely adhering to the flexible buffer layer. The smoothing layer and the intermediate flexible buffer layer are bonded together using hot pressing or adhesive techniques to ensure that the flowability of the inner layer material is not affected and to guarantee smooth fluid flow.

[0098] In this embodiment, the bypass pipe 103 adopts a three-layer structure design, consisting of a corrosion-resistant layer, a flexible buffer layer, and a smoothing layer. This three-layer structure design significantly improves the durability, stability, and performance of the bypass pipe 103. The first layer, 1031, the corrosion-resistant layer, ensures that the pipe can resist chemical corrosion, extending its service life, especially in complex chemical environments. The second layer, 1032, the flexible buffer layer, effectively absorbs pressure fluctuations and vibrations, reducing the impact of external impacts on the pipe and improving system stability. The third layer, 1033, the smoothing layer, reduces the frictional resistance of gas flow, improves flow efficiency, and helps maintain the internal cleanliness of the pipe. Overall, this three-layer structure design improves the durability, adaptability, and operating efficiency of the bypass pipe 103, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the switching condenser 101.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 is provided, the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 includes a tank, the interior of which includes:

[0100] The main gas storage area 1041 is used to store the nitrogen gas;

[0101] A buffer zone 1042 is provided between the main gas storage area 1041 and the output interface of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 to stabilize the nitrogen pressure.

[0102] A filtration zone 1043 is disposed between the buffer zone 1042 and the output interface for filtering the nitrogen gas; wherein the filtration zone 1043 is filled with activated carbon.

[0103] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 includes a tank, inside which are a main storage zone 1041, a buffer zone 1042, and a filtration zone 1043. This design significantly improves the stability and safety of the system by incorporating multiple functional zones during nitrogen storage and output. The main storage zone 1041 effectively stores nitrogen, ensuring a sufficient gas supply when needed; the buffer zone 1042 stabilizes nitrogen pressure, reducing the impact of pressure fluctuations on the system and improving its responsiveness; the filtration zone 1043 is filled with activated carbon, which effectively removes impurities and harmful substances from the nitrogen, ensuring the purity of the output nitrogen and thus protecting the safe operation of the condenser and other equipment. Overall, this design not only improves the stability, reliability, and safety of the nitrogen system but also enhances its operating efficiency under high temperature and high pressure environments, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0104] In some embodiments, a safety valve is provided on the top or side of the tank of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104.

[0105] In this embodiment, a safety valve is installed on the top or side of the tank of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104. This design automatically releases excess gas when the internal pressure of the system exceeds the safe range, preventing the tank from rupturing or exploding due to excessive pressure. The safety valve ensures the safety of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 under high-pressure environments, protecting the tank and the entire system. By releasing excess gas in a timely manner, the safety valve effectively avoids damage to the equipment caused by pressure buildup, ensuring that the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 can still operate stably under extreme conditions, further improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0106] In some embodiments, the outer layer of the tank of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 is wrapped with thermal insulation material.

[0107] In this embodiment, the outer layer of the tank of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 is wrapped with thermal insulation material. This design effectively reduces the impact of the external environment on the temperature of the nitrogen system, maintaining a stable temperature of the nitrogen inside the tank. The thermal insulation material reduces heat loss and energy consumption, while preventing drastic pressure changes inside the tank caused by external temperature fluctuations. By maintaining a stable nitrogen temperature, the thermal insulation material not only improves the system's operating efficiency but also enhances its reliability under extreme temperature conditions, extends the equipment's service life, and ensures the safety and stability of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system 104 during long-term operation.

[0108] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0109] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0111] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A pressure optimization device for switching condensers, characterized in that, include: Switch the condenser, which is used to condense gaseous phthalic anhydride; An intake valve is located on the side wall of the switching condenser and is connected to the feed pipe of the switching condenser. A bypass pipeline, one end of which is connected to the upstream pipeline of the air intake valve, and the other end of which is connected to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system via a flange; The fire extinguishing nitrogen system supplies nitrogen as a pressure balancing medium to the switching condenser through the bypass pipeline.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass pipeline is also equipped with a pressure regulating valve to control the pressure balance between the bypass pipeline and the fire extinguishing nitrogen system.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the bypass pipeline are equipped with bidirectional check valves. One bidirectional check valve is located at the interface connecting the bypass pipeline to the front end of the inlet valve to prevent gas from flowing back into the feed pipeline of the switching condenser. The other bidirectional check valve is located at the flange connecting the bypass pipeline to the fire extinguishing nitrogen system to prevent gas in the condenser from flowing back into the fire extinguishing nitrogen system.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: The buffer tank is connected to the middle section of the bypass pipeline via a tee fitting.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer tank is equipped with a pressure absorption structure inside to absorb pressure fluctuations.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure absorption structure is a corrugated plate or a packing material.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass pipeline includes: The first layer, which is the outermost layer, is a corrosion-resistant layer; The second layer is the middle layer, and the second layer is a flexible buffer layer; The third layer, which is the innermost layer, is a smooth layer.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing nitrogen system includes a tank, and the interior of the tank includes: The main gas storage area is used to store the nitrogen gas. A buffer zone, located between the main gas storage area and the output interface of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system, is used to stabilize the nitrogen pressure. A filtration zone, disposed between the buffer zone and the output interface, is used to filter the nitrogen gas; wherein the filtration zone is filled with activated carbon.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing nitrogen system has a safety valve installed on the top or side of the tank.

10. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer layer of the tank of the fire extinguishing nitrogen system is wrapped with thermal insulation material.

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