Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a metal bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises an anode single plate, a cathode single plate and a sealing strip covered on the bipolar plate, the anode single plate and the cathode single plate are respectively provided with an anode flow field channel and a cathode flow field channel, and a cavity between the anode single plate and the cathode single plate forms a coolant flow field channel; aiming at the problem of high power consumption of the air compressor caused by poor cooling performance of a traditional parallel flow field and large pressure drop of a long flow channel, the cathode flow field flow channel adopts a vertical wave flow field structure and a short flow channel form, so that the pressure drop in the flow channel is lower, the power consumption loss of the air compressor is reduced, the electrochemical reaction activity is improved, and the service life of the air compressor is prolonged. Meanwhile, the contact area of the coolant and the flow channel is increased, and better heat management is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to fuel cell technical field, especially relate to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate. BACKGROUND

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a kind of energy conversion device that the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen (or air) is converted into electric energy by electrochemical reaction.The operation efficiency of PEMFC is higher, and electric energy conversion efficiency can reach 60% and above, and water is the only product in its power generation process, and the battery does not emit carbon dioxide or other air pollutants that cause haze and affect health during operation.At the same time, due to the fast response speed, low working temperature and low fuel requirement of PEMFC, it becomes the main power source of current fuel cell vehicle.

[0003] Bipolar plate is an important component of PEMFC stack, and plays the role of uniform distribution of gas, current collection, cooling and support, etc.However, the current commercial PEMFC, bipolar plate accounts for about 70% of the mass of the stack, accounts for 60% of the volume of the stack and accounts for 30% of the total price, and is one of the main factors leading to low volume power density and mass power density of the battery and high cost.Due to the space limitation of vehicle, fuel cell is required to have high power density, so thin metal bipolar plate becomes the current hot technology, and almost all automobile companies adopt metal bipolar plate technology.

[0004] The fuel cell of bipolar plate directly affects the distribution of reaction gas, and further affects the performance and service life of the battery.In the basic flow field configuration, the pressure drop loss of parallel flow field is the smallest, and the manufacturing process is the simplest, but its battery performance and water removal capacity are poor.The current proposed bipolar plate type is mostly provided with long reaction zone flow channel, and the reaction gas will generate high pressure drop in the long flow channel, in addition, in order to improve the performance of the battery, the additional design of flow channel structure generally sacrifices the pressure drop, so that the air compressor has large power consumption.The contact between the cathode plate and the anode plate of the prior art is surface contact, and the cooling water only flows between the ridges, so that the cooling performance of the stack is poor, and further improvement is needed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate, and the problems existing in prior art can be solved.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] This utility model provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate, including an anode plate (1) and a cathode plate (12). The anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (12) are respectively provided with an anode flow field channel (6) and a cathode flow field channel (15). The cavity between the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (12) forms a coolant flow field channel (20).

[0008] The anode flow field channel (6) includes multiple parallel first vertical flow field channels (6-1) and a first edge short flow channel (6-2) connecting the two ends of the multiple parallel first vertical flow field channels (6-1); the cathode flow field channel (15) includes multiple parallel second vertical flow field channels (15-1) and a second edge short flow channel (15-2) connecting the two ends of the multiple parallel second vertical flow field channels (15-1); the first vertical flow field channel (6-1) and the second vertical flow field channel (15-1) are arranged perpendicular to the long side of the proton exchange membrane, and the first edge short flow channel (6-2), the second edge short flow channel (15-2) and the coolant flow field channel (20) are arranged parallel to the long side of the proton exchange membrane;

[0009] The second vertical flow channel (15-1) is an asymmetric vertical wave-shaped flow channel, which includes multiple periodic wave structures. Each periodic wave structure is determined by a coupled sine function. Within one period length T, the protrusions of the periodic wave structure are determined by the phase of the coupled sine function. The interval is part of the periodic wave structure groove, which is composed of coupled sine functions in phase. The interval is partially composed of the boss, and the amplitude A1 of the boss is not less than the amplitude A2 of the groove, while the period T1 of the boss is not less than the period T2 of the groove.

[0010] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the anode plate (1) is provided with a plurality of anode gas inlets (2) and a plurality of anode gas outlets (3) on its upper and lower sides respectively, and the cathode plate (12) is provided with a plurality of cathode gas outlets (13) and a plurality of cathode gas inlets (14) on its upper and lower sides respectively. The gas flow directions of the anode flow field channel (6) and the cathode flow field channel (15) are opposite. The anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (12) are provided with coolant inlets (4) and coolant outlets (5) on their left and right sides respectively.

[0011] Wherein, fuel enters anode flow field channel (6) through anode gas inlet (2), diffuses to anode catalyst layer, generates proton and electron, proton reaches cathode catalyst layer through proton exchange membrane, electron flows to cathode single board (12) through external circuit, and unreacted fuel flows out through anode gas outlet (3); oxidant enters cathode flow field channel (15) through cathode gas inlet (14), diffuses to cathode catalyst layer, reacts with proton and electron, and unreacted oxidant and product flow out through cathode gas outlet (13); cooling liquid enters cooling agent flow field channel (20) from cooling agent inlet (4), and then flows out from cooling agent outlet (5).

[0012] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, fuel is hydrogen, oxidant is oxygen or air, and reaction product is water.

[0013] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, multiple anode gas inlets (2) and multiple cathode gas outlets (13) are arranged in a staggered manner on the upper side of the fuel cell, and multiple anode gas outlets (3) and multiple cathode gas inlets (14) are arranged in a staggered manner on the lower side of the fuel cell.

[0014] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, the anode gas inlet (2) is provided with multiple anode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-1) and anode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-2) along the anode gas flow direction, the anode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-1) are communicated with the anode gas inlet (2), the anode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-2) are communicated with the anode gas outlet (3), the anode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-1) are used for supporting the sealing strip near the anode gas inlet (2), and the anode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-2) are used for supporting the sealing strip near the anode gas outlet (3).

[0015] The cathode flow field channel (15) is provided with multiple cathode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-5) and cathode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-6) along the cathode gas flow direction, the cathode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-5) are communicated with the cathode gas inlet (14), the cathode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-6) are communicated with the cathode gas outlet (13), the cathode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-5) are used for supporting the sealing strip near the cathode gas inlet (14), and the cathode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-6) are used for supporting the sealing strip near the cathode gas outlet (13).

[0016] The cooling agent inlet (4) is communicated with a cooling agent inlet reinforcing rib (9-3), and the cooling agent outlet (5) is communicated with a cooling agent outlet reinforcing rib (9-4).

[0017] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, the number of the anode gas inlet (2) and the cathode gas inlet (14) is 3; the number of the anode gas outlet (3) and the cathode gas outlet (13) is 2; the number of the coolant inlet (4) and the coolant outlet (5) is at least 2.

[0018] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, the edge area of the anode single board (1) is provided with an anode sealing groove (7), and the anode sealing groove (7) is provided with an anode single board sealing strip (17); the edge area of the cathode single board (12) is provided with a cathode sealing groove (16), and the cathode sealing groove (16) is provided with a cathode single board sealing strip (18).

[0019] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, it further includes a weld (8), and the weld (8) is arranged outside the cathode sealing groove (16), on both sides of the cathode flow field channel (15) and the coolant flow field channel (20).

[0020] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, the fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises at least four positioning holes (11); when the number of the positioning holes (11) is four, the four positioning holes (11) are arranged at the four corners of the fuel cell.

[0021] According to an optional embodiment of the utility model, the fuel cell further comprises an identification area and an inspection plug; wherein the identification area and the inspection plug are diagonally distributed on the fuel cell; the identification area is used for recording production information; and the inspection plug is used for connecting an inspection plug.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model embodiment provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1), the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate is combined by anode single board and cathode single board, the anode flow field is arranged outside the anode single board, the vertical wave cathode flow field is arranged outside the cathode single board, and the cavity between the anode single board and the cathode single board forms the coolant flow field. And, the anode gas inlet and the anode gas outlet are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the cathode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the anode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet are staggered, the anode gas outlet and the cathode gas inlet are staggered; the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are arranged on the left and right sides of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate.

[0024] (2), the utility model disc according to the poor cooling performance of traditional parallel flow field and the problem of big pressure drop of long runner leading to big power consumption of air compressor, vertical wave flow field structure and short runner form are used to cathode flow field runner, make the pressure drop in this runner be lower, thereby reduce the power loss of air compressor, improve electrochemical reaction activity, increase the contact area of coolant and runner simultaneously, realize better thermal management.

[0025] (3), the cathode flow field channel is asymmetric vertical wave shape runner, and the amplitude and period of the boss and the groove of the asymmetric vertical wave shape runner are different, the straight runner of the cathode flow field channel and the anode flow field channel forms point contact when assembling, expands the coolant flow field, thereby realizes the purpose that the flowing direction of coolant and the flowing direction of reaction gas are perpendicular to each other, improves the cooling performance of electric pile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments or prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view of an anode single board of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a front view of a cathode single board of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a gas flow schematic view of an anode flow field channel and a cathode flow field channel of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of a cathode flow field channel of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of an anode single board sealing strip of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of a cathode single board sealing strip of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0033] Figure 7 It is an electrochemical performance and water side pressure drop comparison chart of the asymmetric wave shape flow field and the reverse wave shape flow field of the comparative example of the embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] As shown in Figures 1-6 The embodiment of the present application provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises an anode single plate 1 and a cathode single plate 12, the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 12 are respectively provided with an anode flow field channel 6 and a cathode flow field channel 15, and a cavity between the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 12 forms a coolant flow field channel 20. It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 12 are attached together by welding or bonding. The anode single plate 1 is provided with an anode gas inlet 2, an anode gas outlet 3, a coolant inlet 4, a coolant outlet 5, an anode flow field channel 6, an anode sealing groove 7, a weld 8, a reinforcing rib, a turnover hole and a positioning hole 11. The cathode single plate 12 is provided with a cathode gas inlet 14, a cathode gas outlet 13, a coolant inlet 4, a coolant outlet 5, a cathode flow field channel 15, a cathode sealing groove 16, a reinforcing rib, a turnover hole and a positioning hole 11. The anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 12 are preferably rectangular structures.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the proton exchange membrane is a rectangular structure, the anode flow field channel 6 includes a plurality of parallel first vertical flow field channels 6-1 and a first edge short flow channel 6-2 connecting both ends of the plurality of parallel first vertical flow field channels 6-1; the cathode flow field channel 15 includes a plurality of parallel second vertical flow field channels 15-1 and a second edge short flow channel 15-2 connecting both ends of the plurality of parallel second vertical flow field channels 15-1. The first vertical flow field channel 6-1 and the second vertical flow field channel 15-1 are perpendicular to the long side of the proton exchange membrane, and the first edge short flow channel 6-2, the second edge short flow channel 15-2 and the coolant flow field channel 20 are parallel to the long side of the proton exchange membrane.

[0039] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The second vertical flow field channel 15-1 is an asymmetric vertical wavy flow channel, which includes a plurality of periodic wave structures, each of which is determined by a coupled sine function. Within a period length T, the convex of the periodic wave structure is composed of the part of the coupled sine function with the phase in the interval [0, π / 2], and the groove of the periodic wave structure is composed of the part of the coupled sine function with the phase in the interval [π / 2, π]. The amplitude A1 of the convex is not less than the amplitude A2 of the groove, and the period T1 of the convex is not less than the period T2 of the groove. As shown in the figure,

[0040] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 It can be seen that the cathode flow field channel 15 is an asymmetric vertical wavy flow channel, and the amplitudes and periods of the convex and the groove of the asymmetric vertical wavy flow channel are different. When the cathode flow field channel 15 is assembled with the flat flow channel of the anode flow field channel 6, point contact is formed, a coolant flow field is formed, and the purpose of making the flow direction of the coolant and the flow direction of the reaction gas perpendicular to each other is achieved. That is, the cathode flow field channel 15 of the utility model adopts an asymmetric vertical wavy flow channel, promotes the transmission of the reaction gas to the membrane electrode, increases the contact of the coolant with the flow channel, improves the electrochemical performance of the battery, realizes better thermal management, and at the same time, the setting of the short flow channel reduces the flow resistance in the gas flow channel, thereby reducing the power consumption loss of the air compressor and comprehensively improving the output performance of the battery.

[0041] Specifically, a plurality of anode gas inlets 2 and a plurality of anode gas outlets 3 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the anode single plate 1 respectively, a plurality of cathode gas outlets 13 and a plurality of cathode gas inlets 14 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the cathode single plate 12 respectively, and the gas flow directions of the anode flow field channel 6 and the cathode flow field channel 15 are opposite; the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 12 both have a coolant inlet 4 and a coolant outlet 5 on the two sides respectively.

[0042] ​In this process, fuel enters the anode flow field channel 6 through the anode gas inlet 2 and diffuses to the anode catalyst layer, generating protons and electrons. The protons pass through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode catalyst layer, while the electrons flow through the external circuit and load to the cathode plate 12. Unreacted fuel flows out through the anode gas outlet 3. The oxidant enters the cathode flow field channel 15 through the cathode gas inlet 14 and diffuses to the cathode catalyst layer, reacting with protons and electrons. Unreacted oxidant and products flow out through the cathode gas outlet 13. Coolant enters the coolant flow field channel 20 through the coolant inlet 4 and then flows out through the coolant outlet 5. Preferably, the reducing gas is hydrogen, the oxidizing gas is oxygen, and the reducing ion is H+. + The product is water. In other embodiments, the PEMFC fuel is hydrogen, and the oxidant can be air or oxygen.

[0043] Anode gas according to Figure 3 The direction shown is Figure 1 The flow is shown in the anode flow field, and the cathode gas flows according to... Figure 3 The direction shown is Figure 2 The flow in the cathode flow field shown is parallel to that of the anode gas and cathode gas, but in opposite directions; the coolant flows according to... Figure 3 The direction shown indicates that the coolant flows in the flow field, achieving the goal of making the coolant flow direction and the gas flow direction perpendicular to each other.

[0044] Multiple anode gas inlets 2 and multiple cathode gas outlets 13 are arranged alternately on the upper side of the fuel cell, while multiple anode gas outlets 3 and multiple cathode gas inlets 14 are arranged alternately on the lower side of the fuel cell. In this embodiment, the anode gas inlets 2 and 3 are located on the long side (top and bottom) of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, the cathode gas inlets 14 and 13 are located on the long side (top and bottom) of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, and the coolant inlets 4 and 5 are located on the short side (left and right) of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate. The anode gas inlets 2 and 13, and the anode gas outlets 3 and 14 are located on the same side of the long side of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate. The cavity formed during the assembly of the anode plate 1 and cathode plate 12 automatically forms a coolant flow field channel 20.

[0045] The anode gas inlet 2 is provided with a plurality of anode inlet reinforcing ribs 9-1 and anode outlet reinforcing ribs 9-2 along the anode gas flow direction. The anode inlet reinforcing ribs 9-1 are connected to the anode gas inlet 2, and the anode outlet reinforcing ribs 9-2 are connected to the anode gas outlet 3. The anode inlet reinforcing ribs 9-1 are used to support the sealing strip near the anode gas inlet 2, and the anode outlet reinforcing ribs 9-2 are used to support the sealing strip near the anode gas outlet 3.

[0046] The cathode flow field channel 15 is provided with a plurality of cathode inlet ribs 9-5 and cathode outlet ribs 9-6 in the cathode gas flow direction, the cathode inlet ribs 9-5 are communicated with the cathode gas inlet 14, the cathode outlet ribs 9-6 are communicated with the cathode gas outlet 13, the cathode inlet ribs 9-5 are used for supporting the sealing strip near the cathode gas inlet 14, and the cathode outlet ribs 9-6 are used for supporting the sealing strip near the cathode gas outlet 13; the coolant inlet 4 is communicated with the coolant inlet rib 9-3, and the coolant outlet 5 is communicated with the coolant outlet rib 9-4.

[0047] The coolant inlet 4 is communicated with the coolant inlet rib 9-3, and the coolant outlet 5 is communicated with the coolant outlet rib 9-4.

[0048] Preferably, the number of the anode gas inlets 2 and the cathode gas inlets 14 is 3; the number of the anode gas outlets 3 and the cathode gas outlets 13 is 2 and is staggered on the upper and lower sides of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate; the number of the coolant inlets 4 and the coolant outlets 5 is at least 2, preferably, the number of the coolant inlets 4 and the coolant outlets 5 is 2. It should be noted that the number of the anode gas inlets 2, the anode gas outlets 3, the cathode gas inlets 14, the cathode gas outlets 13, the coolant inlets 4 and the coolant outlets 5 can be determined according to the size and performance requirements of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, and the embodiment of the utility model is not particularly limited.

[0049] Figure 5 In combination Figure 1 , the edge region of the anode single plate 1 is provided with an anode sealing groove 7, and the anode single plate sealing strip 17 is arranged in the anode sealing groove 7; Figure 6 In combination Figure 3 , the edge region of the cathode single plate 12 is provided with a cathode sealing groove 16, and the cathode single plate sealing strip 18 is arranged in the cathode sealing groove 16.

[0050] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the fuel cell further comprises a weld 8, and the weld 8 is arranged on the outer circle of the cathode sealing groove 16, on both sides of the cathode flow field channel 15 and the coolant flow field channel 20.

[0051] Further, on the anode single plate 1, the anode gas inlet 2, the rib, the turning hole, the anode flow field channel 6, the anode gas outlet 3, the cathode gas inlet 14, the cathode gas outlet 13, the coolant inlet 4 and the coolant outlet 5 share the anode single plate sealing strip 17 (refer to Figure 5 ), so that a better sealing effect is achieved.

[0052] On the cathode single plate 12, the cathode gas inlet 14, the reinforcing ribs, the flip holes, the cathode flow field channels 15, the cathode gas outlet 13, the anode gas inlet 2, the anode gas outlet 3, the coolant inlet 4 and the coolant outlet 5 share the cathode single plate sealing strip 18 (refer to Figure 6 ), thereby achieving a better sealing effect.

[0053] The flip holes on the anode single plate 1 are located in the flat surface area of the anode single plate, and the cathode single plate corresponding to the flat surface is provided with reinforcing ribs arranged in a straight line, which are used to support the flat surface area of the anode single plate where the flip holes are located, so as to improve the structural stability.

[0054] The flip holes on the cathode single plate 12 are located in the flat surface area of the cathode single plate, and the anode single plate corresponding to the flat surface is provided with reinforcing ribs arranged in a straight line, which are used to support the flat surface area of the cathode single plate where the flip holes are located, so as to improve the structural stability.

[0055] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the fuel cell includes at least four positioning holes 11; when the number of positioning holes 11 is four, the four positioning holes 11 are arranged at the four corners of the fuel cell. The present embodiment is advantageous in positioning the proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate during installation, so as to improve the installation precision, reduce the installation error and prevent the misalignment problem during the fuel cell stack assembly process.

[0056] The fuel cell further includes an identification area and an inspection tab; the identification area and the inspection tab are diagonally distributed on the fuel cell; the identification area is used to record production information; and the inspection tab is used to connect an inspection plug.

[0057] Embodiment: The anode plate adopts a traditional flat flow channel, the inlet and outlet cross section is rectangular, the width is 1mm, the height is 0.5mm, and the flow channel length is 50mm; the cathode plate adopts an asymmetric vertical wavy flow channel, the inlet and outlet cross section is rectangular, the width is 1mm, the height is 0.5mm, the flow channel length is 50mm, the wave parameter is period T=10mm, boss amplitude A1=0.3mm, groove amplitude A2=0.1mm, boss period T1=7.5mm, and groove period T2=2.5mm. The size of the anode and cathode plates is 50mm*50mm, there are 25 groups of flow channels in total, and the cooling water flows between the plates in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow direction.

[0058] The reverse wave flow field appeared in the literature, the anode and cathode plate adopt the reverse sine flow channel, the inlet and outlet section is rectangular, the width is 1mm, the height is 0.5mm, the sine period is 10mm, the amplitude is 1.2mm, the flow channel is composed of 5 complete waveforms. The size of the anode and cathode plate is 50mm*50mm, a total of 25 groups of flow channels, the cooling water flows between the plates, and the flow direction is perpendicular to the gas flow direction.

[0059] The performance of the embodiment and the comparative example is compared under the same operating conditions, and the comparison result is as follows Figure 7 The power density of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell using the embodiment is more improved than that of the traditional flat flow channel, and the water side pressure drop is lower. It is shown that the asymmetric vertical wave-shaped flow channel is more improved than the transverse sine flow channel in the electrochemical performance, and due to the larger flow space of the asymmetric wave shape for the cooling water, under the same water flow condition, the water side flow resistance is lower, and the water pump power consumption is lower.

[0060] The above, the utility model discloses to the problem that the traditional parallel flow field cooling performance is poor and long flow passage pressure drop leads to air compressor power consumption, and the cathode flow field channel adopts the vertical wave flow field structure and short flow passage form, makes the pressure drop in flow passage lower, thereby reduces the power loss of air compressor, improves electrochemical reaction activity, increases the contact area of coolant and flow passage simultaneously, realizes better heat management.

[0061] In conclusion, although the utility model has disclosed the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are not used to limit the utility model, and ordinary skilled persons in the art can make various changes and decorations without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, therefore, the protection scope of the utility model is limited by the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A metal bipolar plate for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, characterized in that, It includes an anode plate (1) and a cathode plate (12), and the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (12) are respectively provided with an anode flow field channel (6) and a cathode flow field channel (15). The cavity between the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (12) forms a coolant flow field channel (20). The anode flow field channel (6) includes multiple parallel first vertical flow field channels (6-1) and a first edge short flow channel (6-2) connecting the two ends of the multiple parallel first vertical flow field channels (6-1); the cathode flow field channel (15) includes multiple parallel second vertical flow field channels (15-1) and a second edge short flow channel (15-2) connecting the two ends of the multiple parallel second vertical flow field channels (15-1); the first vertical flow field channel (6-1) and the second vertical flow field channel (15-1) are arranged perpendicular to the long side of the proton exchange membrane, and the first edge short flow channel (6-2), the second edge short flow channel (15-2) and the coolant flow field channel (20) are arranged parallel to the long side of the proton exchange membrane; The second vertical flow channel (15-1) is an asymmetric vertical wave-shaped flow channel, which includes multiple periodic wave structures. Each periodic wave structure is determined by a coupled sine function. Within one period length T, the protrusions of the periodic wave structure are determined by the phase of the coupled sine function. The interval is part of the periodic wave structure groove, which is composed of coupled sine functions in phase. The interval is partially composed of the boss, and the amplitude A1 of the boss is not less than the amplitude A2 of the groove, while the period T1 of the boss is not less than the period T2 of the groove.

2. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode plate (1) is provided with multiple anode gas inlets (2) and multiple anode gas outlets (3) on its upper and lower sides respectively. The cathode plate (12) is provided with multiple cathode gas outlets (13) and multiple cathode gas inlets (14) on its upper and lower sides respectively. The gas flow directions of the anode flow field channel (6) and the cathode flow field channel (15) are opposite. The anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (12) are provided with coolant inlets (4) and coolant outlets (5) on their left and right sides respectively. Fuel enters the anode flow field channel (6) through the anode gas inlet (2) and diffuses to the anode catalyst layer, generating protons and electrons. The protons pass through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode catalyst layer, and the electrons flow through the external circuit to the cathode plate (12) via the load. Unreacted fuel flows out through the anode gas outlet (3). Oxidant enters the cathode flow field channel (15) through the cathode gas inlet (14) and diffuses to the cathode catalyst layer, reacting with protons and electrons. Unreacted oxidant and products flow out through the cathode gas outlet (13). Coolant enters the coolant flow field channel (20) from the coolant inlet (4) and then flows out from the coolant outlet (5).

3. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fuel is hydrogen, the oxidant is oxygen or air, and the reaction product is water.

4. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple anode gas inlets (2) and multiple cathode gas outlets (13) are arranged alternately on the upper side of the fuel cell, and multiple anode gas outlets (3) and multiple cathode gas inlets (14) are arranged alternately on the lower side of the fuel cell.

5. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anode gas inlet (2) is provided with a plurality of anode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-1) and anode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-2) along the anode gas flow direction. The anode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-1) are connected to the anode gas inlet (2), and the anode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-2) are connected to the anode gas outlet (3). The anode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-1) are used to support the sealing strip near the anode gas inlet (2), and the anode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-2) are used to support the sealing strip near the anode gas outlet (3). The cathode flow field channel (15) is provided with a plurality of cathode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-5) and cathode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-6) along the cathode gas flow direction. The cathode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-5) are connected to the cathode gas inlet (14), and the cathode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-6) are connected to the cathode gas outlet (13). The cathode inlet reinforcing ribs (9-5) are used to support the sealing strip near the cathode gas inlet (14), and the cathode outlet reinforcing ribs (9-6) are used to support the sealing strip near the cathode gas outlet (13). The coolant inlet (4) is connected to the coolant inlet reinforcing rib (9-3), and the coolant outlet (5) is connected to the coolant outlet reinforcing rib (9-4).

6. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of anode gas inlets (2) and cathode gas inlets (14) are both 3; the number of anode gas outlets (3) and cathode gas outlets (13) are both 2; the number of coolant inlets (4) and coolant outlets (5) are both at least 2.

7. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, An anode sealing groove (7) is provided in the edge area of ​​the anode plate (1), and an anode plate sealing strip (17) is provided in the anode sealing groove (7); a cathode sealing groove (16) is provided in the edge area of ​​the cathode plate (12), and a cathode plate sealing strip (18) is provided in the cathode sealing groove (16).

8. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a weld (8), which is disposed on both sides of the outer ring of the cathode sealing groove (16), the cathode flow field channel (15) and the coolant flow field channel (20).

9. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell includes at least four positioning holes (11); wherein, when the number of positioning holes (11) is four, the four positioning holes (11) are located at the four corners of the fuel cell.

10. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell also includes an identification area and an inspection connector; wherein the identification area and the inspection connector are diagonally distributed on the fuel cell; the identification area is used to record production information; and the inspection connector is used to connect to an inspection plug.

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