Gallium nitride charger applied to electric two-wheeled motorcycle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gallium nitride charger applied to an electric two-wheeled motorcycle. The gallium nitride charger comprises an input rectification filter circuit; one end of a primary winding of the transformer is connected with the input rectification filter circuit; a drain electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube is connected with the other end of the primary winding; the high-voltage starting circuit is connected with the input rectifying and filtering circuit; the main control power supply circuit is connected with the first auxiliary winding; the main control power supply voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the main control power supply circuit; the main control circuit is connected with the high-voltage starting circuit and the main control power supply voltage stabilizing circuit; the gallium nitride driving circuit is connected with the main control circuit and the gallium nitride switching tube; the output rectification filter circuit is connected with the secondary winding; the charging management power supply circuit is connected with the second auxiliary winding; and the charging management circuit is connected with the charging management power supply circuit and the output rectification filter circuit. According to the utility model, more efficient electric energy conversion can be realized, the switching loss is reduced, the charging speed and stability are improved, and the charging requirement of the battery of the electric two-wheeled motorcycle is better met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a charging circuit, concretely relates to a gallium nitride charger applied to electric two-wheeled motorcycles. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of electric two-wheeled motorcycle battery charging, the traditional charger has many problems. At present, most chargers on the market are silicon material-based switching power supplies, which have high loss and low performance under high temperature conditions, resulting in low charging efficiency and easy faults. In addition, the MOS tube used in the traditional charger cannot fully exert the efficient and stable charging performance in some complex charging scenarios, seriously affecting the charging experience and service life of the electric two-wheeled motorcycle battery. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a gallium nitride charger applied to electric two-wheeled motorcycles to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] The technical scheme for solving the above technical problem is as follows: a gallium nitride charger applied to electric two-wheeled motorcycles, comprising:

[0005] An input rectifier filter circuit is connected to an alternating current signal and used for rectifying and filtering the alternating current signal to obtain a direct current signal;

[0006] A transformer includes a primary winding, a first auxiliary winding, a second auxiliary winding, and a secondary winding. One end of the primary winding is connected to the input rectifier filter circuit, and one end of the first auxiliary winding is connected to a signal ground.

[0007] A gallium nitride switch tube has a gate alternately connected to a first drive signal and a second drive signal, a drain connected to the other end of the primary winding, and a source connected to the signal ground. The gallium nitride switch tube is used for slowly turning on under the action of the first drive signal and quickly turning off under the action of the second drive signal, so that the direct current signal is transformed into a square wave signal in the primary winding, and then the square wave signal in the primary winding is coupled to the first auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding, and the secondary winding, so as to generate corresponding first auxiliary coupling signals, second auxiliary coupling signals, and secondary coupling signals in the first auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding, and the secondary winding, respectively.

[0008] A high-voltage starting circuit is connected to the input rectifier filter circuit and used for generating a high-voltage starting signal according to the direct current signal.

[0009] A main control power supply circuit is connected to the other end of the first auxiliary winding and used for generating a main control power supply signal according to the first auxiliary coupling signal.

[0010] A main control power stabilizing circuit is connected to the main control power circuit and is used to stabilize the main control power signal to obtain a main control power stabilized signal.

[0011] A main control circuit is connected to the high-voltage starting circuit and the main control power stabilizing circuit, is used to start working under the action of the high-voltage starting signal, and then normally work under the action of the main control power stabilized signal, and alternately output a first control signal and a second control signal in the working state.

[0012] A gallium nitride driving circuit is connected to the main control circuit and the gallium nitride switch tube, is used to generate the first driving signal under the action of the first control signal and generate the second driving signal under the action of the second control signal.

[0013] An output rectification and filtering circuit is connected to the secondary winding, is used to rectify and filter the secondary coupling signal to obtain an output signal.

[0014] A charging management power supply circuit is connected to the second auxiliary winding, is used to generate a charging management power supply signal according to the second auxiliary coupling signal.

[0015] A charging management circuit is connected to the charging management power supply circuit and the output rectification and filtering circuit, is used to work under the action of the charging management power supply signal, and generate a charging management signal according to the output signal to manage the process of charging the output signal externally.

[0016] A feedback circuit is connected to the charging management circuit and the main control circuit, is used to generate a feedback adjustment signal according to the charging management signal to control the stability of the output signal through the main control circuit.

[0017] The gallium nitride charger applied to the electric two-wheeled motorcycle of the utility model replaces the traditional MOS tube with the gallium nitride switch tube, fully utilizes the characteristics of high critical breakdown voltage and fast electron mobility of the gallium nitride material, and the replacement greatly improves the performance of the charger, realizes more efficient electric energy conversion, reduces switching loss, improves charging speed and stability, and better meets the charging demand of the battery of the electric two-wheeled motorcycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The circuit structure block diagram of the gallium nitride charger applied to the electric two-wheeled motorcycle of the utility model is shown in the figure.

[0019] Figure 2 The partial circuit structure principle diagram of the gallium nitride charger applied to the electric two-wheeled motorcycle of the utility model is shown in the figure.

[0020] Figure 3Another part of the circuit structure principle diagram of the gallium nitride charger applied to the electric two-wheeled motorcycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The principles and characteristics of the utility model are described below in combination with the drawings, and the examples are only used to explain the utility model and not to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a gallium nitride charger applied to an electric two-wheeled motorcycle comprises:

[0023] An input rectification filter circuit 1 is connected to an alternating current signal and is used to rectify and filter the alternating current signal to obtain a direct current signal;

[0024] A transformer T1 comprises a primary winding, a first auxiliary winding, a second auxiliary winding and a secondary winding, one end of the primary winding is connected to the input rectification filter circuit 1, and one end of the first auxiliary winding is connected to a signal ground;

[0025] A gallium nitride switch tube Q0 is alternately connected to a first drive signal and a second drive signal at the gate, the drain is connected to the other end of the primary winding, and the source is connected to the signal ground, which is used to slowly turn on under the action of the first drive signal and quickly turn off under the action of the second drive signal, so that the direct current signal is converted into a square wave signal in the primary winding, and then the square wave signal in the primary winding is coupled to the first auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding and the secondary winding, so as to generate corresponding first auxiliary coupling signals, second auxiliary coupling signals and secondary coupling signals in the first auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding and the secondary winding respectively;

[0026] A high-voltage starting circuit 2 is connected to the input rectification filter circuit 1 and is used to generate a high-voltage starting signal according to the direct current signal;

[0027] A main control power circuit 3 is connected to the other end of the first auxiliary winding and is used to generate a main control power signal according to the first auxiliary coupling signal;

[0028] A main control power stabilizing circuit 4 is connected to the main control power circuit 3 and is used to stabilize the main control power signal to obtain a main control power stabilized signal;

[0029] A main control circuit 5 is connected to the high-voltage starting circuit 2 and the main control power stabilizing circuit 4, which is used to start working under the action of the high-voltage starting signal, and then normally work under the action of the main control power stabilized signal, and alternately output a first control signal and a second control signal in the working state;

[0030] A gallium nitride driving circuit 6 is connected to the main control circuit 5 and the gallium nitride switch tube Q0, and is configured to generate the first driving signal under the action of the first control signal and generate the second driving signal under the action of the second control signal.

[0031] An output rectification filtering circuit 7 is connected to the secondary winding, and is configured to rectify and filter the secondary coupling signal to obtain an output signal.

[0032] A charging management power supply circuit 8 is connected to the second auxiliary winding, and is configured to generate a charging management power supply signal according to the second auxiliary coupling signal.

[0033] A charging management circuit 9 is connected to the charging management power supply circuit 8 and the output rectification filtering circuit 7, and is configured to work under the action of the charging management power supply signal, and generate a charging management signal according to the output signal to manage the process of charging externally by the output signal.

[0034] A feedback circuit 10 is connected to the charging management circuit 9 and the main control circuit 5, and is configured to generate a feedback adjustment signal according to the charging management signal to control the stability of the output signal by the main control circuit 5.

[0035] The circuits will be described in detail below.

[0036] In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the input rectification filtering circuit 1 includes: Figure 2

[0037] A common-mode inductor U1 is connected to the AC signal.

[0038] A fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the other group of ports of the common-mode inductor U1.

[0039] A rectifier bridge U6 is connected to the fifth capacitor C5.

[0040] A second capacitor C2 is connected to the two output ends of the rectifier bridge U2 and a signal ground SGND.

[0041] Specifically, in the input rectification filtering circuit 1, the AC signal is connected between the live wire L and the neutral wire N, and the AC signal is specifically 220V AC power supply. The fuse F1 is further connected in series between the live wire L and the common-mode inductor U1, and the second thermistor R16 is further connected in series between the neutral wire N and the common-mode inductor U1. The EM I filter circuit composed of the common-mode inductor U1 and the fifth capacitor C5 filters out the high-frequency noise in the power grid to prevent interference to the system; the rectifier bridge U6 converts the input 220V AC power into DC power; and the second capacitor C2 is a filter capacitor that filters the DC signal obtained after the rectification of the rectifier bridge U6 to improve the stability of the DC signal.

[0042] ​In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the main control circuit 5 includes:

[0043] The main control chip U3, model EG1253, has its VCC pin connected to the high-voltage startup circuit 2 and the main control power supply regulator circuit 4, its OUT pin connected to the gallium nitride drive circuit 6, its FB pin connected to the feedback circuit 10, and its GND pin connected to the signal ground.

[0044] The tenth capacitor C10 is connected at one end to the FB pin of the main control chip U3 and at the other end to signal ground;

[0045] The thirty-fifth resistor, R35, is connected at one end to the RI pin of the main control chip U3, and at the other end to signal ground.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes:

[0047] Over-temperature protection circuit 11 is connected to the main control circuit 5 and is used to collect the charging ambient temperature and transmit the charging ambient temperature to the main control circuit 5 so that the main control circuit 5 performs over-temperature protection when the charging ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the over-temperature protection circuit 11 includes:

[0049] The thirty-first resistor R31 is connected at one end to the RT pin of the main control chip U3;

[0050] The first thermistor RT1 has one end connected to the other end of the thirty-first resistor R31, and the other end connected to signal ground.

[0051] The fifteenth capacitor, C15, is connected at one end to the RT pin of the main control chip U3, and at the other end to signal ground.

[0052] Specifically, the over-temperature protection circuit 11 ensures that the charger operates stably within a suitable temperature range.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes:

[0054] The CS current acquisition circuit 12 is connected to the gallium nitride switch Q0 and the main control circuit 5. It is used to acquire the system current and transmit the acquired system current to the main control circuit 5 so that the main control circuit 5 can adjust the working state of the gallium nitride switch Q0 according to the system current.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the CS current acquisition circuit 12 includes:

[0056] Thirty-ninth resistor R39, whose resistance ranges from 100 mΩ to 300 mΩ, and whose resistance in the embodiment is 220 mΩ, is connected between the source of the gallium nitride switch tube Q0 and the signal ground;

[0057] Thirty-third resistor R33, one end of which is connected to the CS pin of the master control chip U3, and the other end of which is connected to the signal ground.

[0058] Fourteenth capacitor C14, one end of which is connected to the CS pin of the master control chip U3, and the other end of which is connected to the signal ground.

[0059] Thirty-third resistor R33, one end of which is connected to the CS pin of the master control chip U3, and the other end of which is connected to the signal ground.

[0060] Specifically, the CS current sampling circuit is used to detect and monitor the main side current of the transformer T1, and provide real-time current feedback information for the master control circuit 5, so that the master control circuit 5 can adjust the working state of the gallium nitride switch tube Q0 according to the current change, thereby realizing accurate control of the output voltage or current and ensuring the stability and performance of the power supply system.

[0061] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, the gallium nitride drive circuit 6 includes: Figure 2

[0062] Sixth diode D6, the negative electrode of which is connected to the OUT pin of the master control chip U3.

[0063] Seventeenth resistor R17, whose resistance ranges from 1Ω to 4.7Ω, and whose resistance in the embodiment is 2Ω, one end of which is connected to the positive electrode of the sixth diode D6.

[0064] Twenty-third resistor R23, which is a magnetic bead with a resistance ranging from 180Ω to 270Ω, and whose resistance in the embodiment is 220Ω, one end of which is connected to the negative electrode of the sixth diode D6, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17.

[0065] Twenty-third capacitor C23, whose capacitance ranges from 4.7nf to 47nf, and whose capacitance in the embodiment is 33nf, one end of which is connected to the other end of the twenty-third resistor R23.

[0066] Forty-sixth resistor R46, which is a resistor with a resistance ranging from 2.2KΩ to 20KΩ, and whose resistance in the embodiment is 3.6KΩ, one end of which is connected to the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the twenty-third capacitor C23 and the gate of the gallium nitride switch tube Q0.

[0067] Ninth diode D9, the negative electrode of which is connected to the other end of the forty-sixth resistor R46.

[0068] ​The twelfth diode D10 has a positive electrode connected to the positive electrode of the ninth diode D9 and a negative electrode connected to the source electrode of the gallium nitride switch Q0.

[0069] The forty-fifth resistor R45 has a resistance value ranging from 2.2KΩ to 20KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance value is 10KΩ. One end of the forty-fifth resistor R45 is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode D9, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the twelfth diode D10.

[0070] Specifically, in the gallium nitride drive circuit 6, the E-mode GaN drive is adopted, which has low standby power consumption and high efficiency. The series connection of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the sixth diode D6 and the parallel connection of the two and the twenty-third resistor R23 can make the gallium nitride switch Q0 slow to open and fast to close, eliminate the peak of the secondary winding synchronous rectification, and simultaneously adopt the parallel connection of the twenty-third capacitor C23 and the forty-sixth resistor R46 and the connection of the ninth diode D9 and the twelfth diode D10 to generate a stable driving voltage for the entire drive circuit and generate a negative voltage, which is more conducive to the turn-off of the gallium nitride switch Q0.

[0071] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the main control power supply circuit 3 includes: Figure 2

[0072] The fourteenth resistor R14 has a resistance value ranging from 3Ω to 10Ω, and in the embodiment, the resistance value is 5.1Ω. One end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the other end of the first auxiliary winding.

[0073] The seventh diode D7 has a positive electrode connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14.

[0074] Specifically, the main control power supply circuit 3 adopts the series connection of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the seventh diode D7, which can eliminate the negative voltage in the first auxiliary winding and simultaneously absorb the peak voltage.

[0075] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the main control power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 4 includes: Figure 2 The first transistor Q1 has a collector electrode connected to the negative electrode of the seventh diode D7 and an emitter electrode connected to the VCC pin of the main control chip U3.

[0076] The forty-third resistor R43 is connected between the base electrode and the collector electrode of the first transistor Q1.

[0077] The eleventh diode D11 has a negative electrode connected to the base electrode of the first transistor Q1 and a positive electrode connected to the signal ground.

[0078] The eighteenth capacitor C18 has one end connected to the collector electrode of the first transistor Q1 and the other end connected to the signal ground.

[0079]

[0080] ​​Seventeenth capacitor C17, one end of the first triode Q1 emitter, the other end of the signal ground.

[0081] Specifically, the main control power supply voltage regulator circuit 4 to the main control power supply circuit 3 output power signal to ensure stable operation of the main control circuit 5.

[0082] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The high-voltage starting circuit 2 includes:

[0083] The fifth resistor R5, one end of the input rectifier filter circuit 1;

[0084] The tenth resistor R10, one end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the main control chip U3 VCC pin;

[0085] The twelfth capacitor C12, one end of the main control chip U3 VCC pin, the other end of the signal ground.

[0086] Specifically, in the initial stage of the AC power supply, the DC signal through the input rectifier filter circuit 1 through the primary winding to the drain of the gallium nitride switch tube Q0 is cut off, however, because because of the existence of the fifth resistor R5 and the tenth resistor R10 in the high-voltage starting circuit 2, the DC signal reaches the drain of the gallium nitride switch tube Q0 at the same time also through the fifth resistor R5 and the tenth resistor R10 to the VCC pin of the main control chip U3, through the high-voltage starting will give the OUT pin of the main control chip U3 output first control signal, after the first drive signal is generated through the gallium nitride drive circuit 6 to drive the gallium nitride switch tube Q0 open. Therefore, the gallium nitride switch tube Q0 makes a square wave signal in the primary winding, through this square wave signal, so that the transformer T1 can be coupled, so that the transformer T1 primary winding is coupled to the first auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding and the secondary winding; Thus, the main control power supply circuit 3 connected to the first auxiliary winding can supply power to the main control chip U3, so that the main control chip U3 can work normally and stably, and then the main control chip U3 works normally.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 Also includes:

[0088] The peak absorption circuit 13 is connected between the two ends of the primary winding, for absorbing the peak voltage formed in the primary winding due to leakage inductance;

[0089] As shown in Figure 2 The peak absorption circuit 13 includes:

[0090] The second resistor R2, whose resistance range is 15KΩ-40KΩ, and in this embodiment, its resistance is 24KΩ, one end of the primary winding;

[0091] a twenty-second capacitor C22 having a capacitance in the range of 5nf to 20nf, in the embodiment, the capacitance is 10nf, connected in parallel with the second resistor R2;

[0092] a fifteenth diode D15 connected in parallel with the second resistor R2;

[0093] a sixteenth diode D16 having a negative electrode connected to the other end of the second resistor R2 and an other end connected to the other end of the primary winding.

[0094] Specifically, the peak absorption circuit composed of resistors, capacitors and diodes is used to absorb the peak generated by the leakage inductance of the transformer T1 to prevent the influence of the high voltage peak on the gallium nitride switch Q0.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 the charging management power supply circuit 8 includes:

[0096] a forty-ninth resistor R49 having one end connected to one end of the second auxiliary winding;

[0097] a third diode D3 having a positive electrode connected to the other end of the forty-ninth resistor R49 and a negative electrode outputting a 12V supply voltage and connected to the charging management circuit 9 to supply power to the charging management circuit 9;

[0098] a twenty-first capacitor C21 having one end connected to the negative electrode of the third diode D3 and the other end connected to the other end of the second auxiliary winding and connected to the power supply ground;

[0099] a fourth diode D4 connected in parallel with the twenty-first capacitor C21.

[0100] Specifically, the charging management power supply circuit 8 is used to supply power to the charging management circuit 9 to ensure the normal operation of the charging management circuit 9.

[0101] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 the charging management circuit 9 includes:

[0102] a charging management chip U4 of EG4321 type, a VCC pin connected to the charging management power supply circuit 8, an OUT pin connected to the feedback circuit 10, and a GND pin connected to the power supply ground;

[0103] an eighth capacitor C8 having a capacitance in the range of 50nf to 200nf, in the embodiment, the capacitance is 100nf, one end connected to the VCC pin of the charging management chip U4, and the other end connected to the power supply ground;

[0104] The twenty-first resistor R21 has a resistance range of 5KΩ-20KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 10KΩ. One end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to the VCC pin of the charging management chip U4, and the other end is connected to the LED_G pin of the charging management chip U4.

[0105] The twenty-fifth resistor R25 has a resistance range of 1KΩ-5KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 3KΩ. One end of the twenty-fifth resistor R25 is connected to the VCC pin of the charging management chip U4.

[0106] The first light emitting diode LED1 has one end connected to the other end of the twenty-fifth resistor R25, and the other end connected to the LED_G pin of the charging management chip U4.

[0107] The second light emitting diode LED2 has one end connected to the other end of the twenty-fifth resistor R25, and the other end connected to the LED_RED pin of the charging management chip U4.

[0108] The eleventh resistor R11 has a resistance range of 10KΩ-30KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 20KΩ. One end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the VCC pin of the charging management chip U4, and the other end is connected to the output rectification filter circuit 7.

[0109] The twelfth resistor R12 has a resistance range of 10KΩ-30KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 20KΩ. The twelfth resistor R12 is connected in parallel to the eleventh resistor R11.

[0110] The thirteenth resistor R13 has a resistance range of 10KΩ-30KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 20KΩ. One end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the output rectification filter circuit 7, and the other end is connected to the VCTRL pin of the charging management chip U4.

[0111] The nineteenth resistor R19 has a resistance range of 100KΩ-500KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 300KΩ. One end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13, and the other end is connected to the power supply ground.

[0112] The twentieth resistor R20 has a resistance range of 2KΩ-10KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 4.7KΩ. The twentieth resistor R20 is connected in parallel to the nineteenth resistor R19.

[0113] The twenty-sixth resistor R26 has a resistance range of 0Ω-10Ω, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 0Ω. One end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26 is connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13.

[0114] The twenty-eighth resistor R28 has a resistance range of 50KΩ-100KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 68KΩ. One end of the twenty-eighth resistor R28 is connected to the other end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26.

[0115] Eleventh capacitor C11, its capacitance range is 50nf~200nf, the capacitance of this embodiment is 100nf, one end is connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13;

[0116] Twenty-ninth resistor R29, its resistance range is 5KΩ~20KΩ, the resistance of this embodiment is 10KΩ, one end is connected to the other end of the eleventh capacitor C11, the other end is connected to the OUT pin of the charge management chip U4;

[0117] Thirty-second resistor R32, its resistance range is 5KΩ~20KΩ, the resistance of this embodiment is 10KΩ, one end is connected to the other end of the twenty-ninth resistor R29;

[0118] Thirteenth capacitor C13, its capacitance range is 50nf~200nf, the capacitance of this embodiment is 100nf, one end is connected to the other end of the thirty-second resistor R32, the other end is connected to the I I CTR pin of the charge management chip U4;

[0119] Fortieth resistor R40, its resistance range is 10KΩ~50KΩ, the resistance of this embodiment is 30KΩ, one end is connected to the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C13, the other end is connected to the power supply ground;

[0120] Sixteenth capacitor C16, its capacitance range is 200nf~600nf, the capacitance of this embodiment is 470nf, one end is connected to the I FCTR pin of the charge management chip U4, the other end is connected to the power supply ground;

[0121] Thirty-seventh resistor R37, its resistance range is 10KΩ~30KΩ, the resistance of this embodiment is 20KΩ, and is connected in parallel to the sixteenth capacitor C16;

[0122] Forty-second resistor R42, one end is connected to the LED_G pin of the charge management chip U4;

[0123] Second transistor Q2, the base is connected to the other end of the forty-second resistor R42, the emitter is connected to the power supply ground, and the collector is connected to the other end of the twenty-eighth resistor R28;

[0124] Forty-fourth resistor R44, is connected between the base and the emitter of the second transistor Q2;

[0125] Thirty-fourth resistor R34, its resistance range is 0.5KΩ~2KΩ, the resistance of this embodiment is 1KΩ, one end is connected to the I I CTR pin of the charge management chip U4;

[0126] The thirty-sixth resistor R36 has a resistance ranging from 5KΩ to 20KΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 10KΩ. One end of the thirty-sixth resistor R36 is connected to the I FCTR pin of the charging management chip U4.

[0127] The twenty-seventh resistor R27 has a resistance ranging from 10mΩ to 100mΩ, and in the embodiment, the resistance is 50mΩ. One end of the twenty-seventh resistor R27 is connected to the other end of the thirty-fourth resistor R34 and the other end of the thirty-sixth resistor R36, and the other end of the twenty-seventh resistor R27 is connected to the power supply ground.

[0128] Specifically, in the charging management circuit 9, the thirty-fourth resistor R34, the thirty-sixth resistor R36, and the twenty-seventh resistor R27 constitute an output overcurrent protection sub-circuit. The thirty-fourth resistor R34, the thirty-sixth resistor R36, and the twenty-seventh resistor R27 can reduce the output current, so that the output current returns to the normal constant current value range, thereby avoiding damage to the battery and the charger itself caused by excessive charging current, and protecting the safe charging of the battery and the stable operation of the charger. The second triode Q2 is used for short circuit protection to ensure the safety of the charger.

[0129] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The main control circuit 5 includes a main control chip U3 with a model number of EG1253. The charging management circuit 9 includes a charging management chip U4 with a model number of EG4321. The feedback circuit 10 includes:

[0130] The forty-first resistor R41 has one end connected to the OUT pin of the charging management chip U4.

[0131] The optocoupler U5 has the other end of the forty-first resistor R41 connected to the input negative electrode, the charging management power supply circuit 8 connected to the input positive electrode, the output emitter connected to the signal ground, and the output collector connected to the FB pin of the main control chip U3.

[0132] Specifically, the feedback circuit 10 is used to generate a feedback adjustment signal for the charging management signal, so as to control the stability of the output signal through the main control circuit 5. The main function of the feedback circuit 10 is to maintain the stability of the output signal, adjust the working state of the internal circuit to offset the influence through negative feedback adjustment of the change of the output signal. In simple terms, if the voltage of the output signal is too high, the feedback circuit 10 feeds back the output signal voltage to the main control chip U3, and then the main control chip U3 can reduce its working frequency to reduce the voltage of the output signal. Similarly, if the voltage of the output signal is too low, the working frequency will be increased.

[0133] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, Figure 3 The output rectification and filtering circuit 7 includes:

[0134] A first capacitor C1 has one end connected to one end of the secondary winding;

[0135] A first resistor R1 has one end connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1;

[0136] A first diode D1 has its anode connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and its cathode connected to the other end of the first resistor R1;

[0137] A twentieth capacitor C20 has one end connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and the other end connected to the other end of the secondary winding and to the power supply ground;

[0138] A twenty-fourth capacitor C24 is connected in parallel with the twentieth capacitor C20;

[0139] A third resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the twentieth capacitor C20.

[0140] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 A H-shaped heat sink U7 is arranged in the gallium nitride charger. A nineteenth capacitor C19 is connected between the signal ground SGND and the power supply ground GND. The fourth diode D4, the ninth diode D9, the twelfth diode D10, the eleventh diode D11 and the fifteenth diode D15 are all voltage stabilizing diodes, and D1 is a double diode pair.

[0141] The gallium nitride charger applied to the electric two-wheeled motorcycle replaces the traditional MOS tube with a gallium nitride switch tube, fully utilizes the characteristics of high critical breakdown voltage and fast electron mobility of the gallium nitride material, and the replacement greatly improves the performance of the charger, realizes more efficient electric energy conversion, reduces switching loss, improves charging speed and stability, and better meets the charging demand of the electric two-wheeled motorcycle battery.

[0142] The above only describes preferred embodiments of the utility model and is not used to limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A gallium nitride charger applied to an electric two-wheeled motorcycle, characterized by, The application relates to a high-voltage power supply circuit, which comprises the following parts: an input rectification filter circuit connected with an alternating current signal and used for rectifying and filtering the alternating current signal to obtain a direct current signal; a transformer comprising a primary winding, a first auxiliary winding, a second auxiliary winding and a secondary winding, one end of the primary winding being connected with the input rectification filter circuit, one end of the first auxiliary winding being connected with a signal ground; a gallium nitride switch tube, the gate of which is alternately connected with a first driving signal and a second driving signal, the drain of which is connected with the other end of the primary winding, and the source of which is connected with the signal ground, the gallium nitride switch tube being used for slowly turning on under the action of the first driving signal and quickly turning off under the action of the second driving signal, so that the direct current signal is transformed into a square wave signal in the primary winding, and then the square wave signal in the primary winding is coupled to the first auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding and the secondary winding, so that corresponding first auxiliary coupling signals, second auxiliary coupling signals and secondary coupling signals are generated in the first auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding and the secondary winding respectively; a high-voltage starting circuit connected with the input rectification filter circuit and used for generating a high-voltage starting signal according to the direct current signal; a main control power supply circuit connected with the other end of the first auxiliary winding and used for generating a main control power supply signal according to the first auxiliary coupling signal; a main control power supply stabilizing circuit connected with the main control power supply circuit and used for stabilizing the main control power supply signal to obtain a main control power supply stabilized signal; a main control circuit connected with the high-voltage starting circuit and the main control power supply stabilizing circuit, the main control circuit being used for starting work under the action of the high-voltage starting signal, then normally working under the action of the main control power supply stabilized signal, and alternately outputting a first control signal and a second control signal in a working state; a gallium nitride driving circuit connected with the main control circuit and the gallium nitride switch tube, the gallium nitride driving circuit being used for generating the first driving signal under the action of the first control signal and generating the second driving signal under the action of the second control signal; an output rectification filter circuit connected with the secondary winding and used for rectifying and filtering the secondary coupling signal to obtain an output signal; a charging management power supply circuit connected with the second auxiliary winding and used for generating a charging management power supply signal according to the second auxiliary coupling signal; a charging management circuit connected with the charging management power supply circuit and the output rectification filter circuit, the charging management circuit being used for working under the action of the charging management power supply signal and generating a charging management signal according to the output signal to manage the process of charging the output signal externally; a feedback circuit connected with the charging management circuit and the main control circuit, the feedback circuit being used for generating a feedback adjusting signal according to the charging management signal to control the stability of the output signal through the main control circuit.

2. The gallium nitride charger for electric two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control circuit comprises: a main control chip with a model number of EG1253, a VCC pin of the main control chip being connected with the high-voltage starting circuit and the main control power supply stabilizing circuit, an OUT pin of the main control chip being connected with the gallium nitride driving circuit, an FB pin of the main control chip being connected with the feedback circuit, and a GND pin of the main control chip being connected with a signal ground; a tenth capacitor, one end of the tenth capacitor being connected with the FB pin of the main control chip, and the other end of the tenth capacitor being connected with the signal ground. The third thirty-fifth resistor has one end connected to the RI pin of the main control chip and the other end connected to the signal ground.

3. The gallium nitride charger for electric two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, Further comprising: The over-temperature protection circuit is connected to the main control circuit, used for collecting a charging ambient temperature and transmitting the charging ambient temperature to the main control circuit, so that the main control circuit performs over-temperature protection when the charging ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold; The over-temperature protection circuit comprises: The third thirty-first resistor has one end connected to the RT pin of the main control chip; The first thermistor has one end connected to the other end of the third thirty-first resistor and the other end connected to the signal ground; The fifteenth capacitor has one end connected to the RT pin of the main control chip and the other end connected to the signal ground.

4. The gallium nitride charger for use in an electric two-wheeled motorcycle according to claim 2, characterized by, Further comprising: The CS current acquisition circuit is connected to the gallium nitride switch tube and the main control circuit, used for acquiring a system current and transmitting the acquired system current to the main control circuit, so that the main control circuit adjusts the working state of the gallium nitride switch tube according to the system current; The CS current acquisition circuit comprises: The third thirty-ninth resistor has a resistance range of 100 mΩ-300 mΩ and is connected between the source of the gallium nitride switch tube and the signal ground; The third thirty resistor has one end connected to the CS pin of the main control chip and the other end connected to the source of the gallium nitride switch tube; The fourteenth capacitor has one end connected to the CS pin of the main control chip and the other end connected to the signal ground; The third thirty-third resistor has one end connected to the CS pin of the main control chip and the other end connected to the signal ground.

5. The gallium nitride charger for use in an electric two-wheeled motorcycle according to claim 2, characterized by, The gallium nitride drive circuit comprises: The sixth diode has a negative electrode connected to the OUT pin of the main control chip; The seventeenth resistor has a resistance range of 1Ω-4.7Ω and has one end connected to the positive electrode of the sixth diode; The twenty-third resistor is a magnetic bead with a resistance range of 180Ω-270Ω, has one end connected to the negative electrode of the sixth diode, and has the other end connected to the other end of the seventeenth resistor; The twenty-third capacitor has a capacitance range of 4.7nf-47nf and has one end connected to the other end of the twenty-third resistor; The forty-sixth resistor has a resistance range of 2.2KΩ-20KΩ, has one end connected to the other end of the seventeenth resistor, and has the other end connected to the other end of the twenty-third capacitor and the gate of the gallium nitride switch tube; The ninth diode has a negative electrode connected to the other end of the forty-sixth resistor; The twelfth diode has a positive electrode connected to the positive electrode of the ninth diode and a negative electrode connected to the source of the gallium nitride switch tube; The forty-fifth resistor has a resistance range of 2.2KΩ-20KΩ, has one end connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode, and has the other end connected to the negative electrode of the twelfth diode.

6. The gallium nitride charger for use in an electric two-wheeled motorcycle according to claim 2, characterized by, The main control power supply circuit comprises: The fourteenth resistor has a resistance range of 3Ω-10Ω and has one end connected to the other end of the first auxiliary winding; The seventh diode has a positive electrode connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor; The main control power supply voltage stabilizing circuit comprises: The first transistor has a collector connected to the negative electrode of the seventh diode and an emitter connected to the VCC pin of the main control chip; The forty-third resistor is connected between the base and the collector of the first transistor; The eleventh diode has a negative electrode connected to the base of the first transistor and a positive electrode connected to the signal ground; The eighteenth capacitor has one end connected to the collector of the first transistor and the other end connected to a signal ground; The seventeenth capacitor has one end connected to the emitter of the first transistor and the other end connected to a signal ground; The high-voltage starting circuit comprises: The fifth resistor has one end connected to the input rectification and filtering circuit; The tenth resistor has one end connected to the other end of the fifth resistor and the other end connected to the VCC pin of the main control chip; The twelfth capacitor has one end connected to the VCC pin of the main control chip and the other end connected to a signal ground.

7. The gallium nitride charger for electric two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: The peak absorption circuit is connected to both ends of the primary winding and is used to absorb the peak voltage formed in the primary winding due to leakage inductance; The peak absorption circuit comprises: The second resistor has a resistance range of 15KΩ-40KΩ and has one end connected to one end of the primary winding; The twenty-second capacitor has a capacitance range of 5nf-20nf and is connected in parallel to the second resistor; The fifteenth diode is connected in parallel to the second resistor; The sixteenth diode has a negative electrode connected to the other end of the second resistor and the other end connected to the other end of the primary winding.

8. The gallium nitride charger for electric two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging management power supply circuit comprises: The forty-ninth resistor has one end connected to one end of the second auxiliary winding; The third diode has a positive electrode connected to the other end of the forty-ninth resistor and a negative electrode outputting a 12V supply voltage and connected to the charging management circuit to supply power to the charging management circuit; The twenty-first capacitor has one end connected to the negative electrode of the third diode and the other end connected to the other end of the second auxiliary winding and connected to a power supply ground; The fourth diode is connected in parallel to the twenty-first capacitor.

9. The gallium nitride charger for electric two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging management circuit comprises: The charging management chip with the model number EG4321 has a VCC pin connected to the charging management power supply circuit, an OUT pin connected to the feedback circuit, and a GND pin connected to a power supply ground; The eighth capacitor has a capacitance range of 50nf-200nf, one end connected to the VCC pin of the charging management chip, and the other end connected to a power supply ground; The twenty-first resistor has a resistance range of 5KΩ-20KΩ and is connected between the VCC pin and the LED_G pin of the charging management chip; The twenty-fifth resistor has a resistance range of 1KΩ-5KΩ and has one end connected to the VCC pin of the charging management chip; The first light-emitting diode has a positive electrode connected to the other end of the twenty-fifth resistor and a negative electrode connected to the LED_G pin of the charging management chip; The second light-emitting diode has a positive electrode connected to the other end of the twenty-fifth resistor and a negative electrode connected to the LED_RED pin of the charging management chip; The eleventh resistor has a resistance range of 10KΩ-30KΩ, one end connected to the VCC pin of the charging management chip, and the other end connected to the output rectification and filtering circuit; The twelfth resistor has a resistance range of 10KΩ-30KΩ and is connected in parallel to the eleventh resistor; The thirteenth resistor has a resistance range of 10KΩ-30KΩ, one end connected to the output rectification and filtering circuit, and the other end connected to the VCTRL pin of the charging management chip; The nineteenth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 100KΩ to 500KΩ, has one end connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor and the other end connected to the power supply ground; The twentieth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 2KΩ to 10KΩ, is connected in parallel to the nineteenth resistor; The twenty-sixth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 0Ω to 10Ω, has one end connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor; The twenty-eighth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 50KΩ to 100KΩ, has one end connected to the other end of the twenty-sixth resistor; The eleventh capacitor, whose capacitance ranges from 50nf to 200nf, has one end connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor; The twenty-ninth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 5KΩ to 20KΩ, has one end connected to the other end of the eleventh capacitor and the other end connected to the OUT pin of the charging management chip; The thirty-second resistor, whose resistance ranges from 5KΩ to 20KΩ, has one end connected to the other end of the twenty-ninth resistor; The thirteenth capacitor, whose capacitance ranges from 50nf to 200nf, has one end connected to the other end of the thirty-second resistor and the other end connected to the IICTR pin of the charging management chip; The fortieth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 10KΩ to 50KΩ, has one end connected to the other end of the thirteenth capacitor and the other end connected to the power supply ground; The sixteenth capacitor, whose capacitance ranges from 200nf to 600nf, has one end connected to the IFCTR pin of the charging management chip and the other end connected to the power supply ground; The thirty-seventh resistor, whose resistance ranges from 10KΩ to 30KΩ, is connected in parallel to the sixteenth capacitor; The forty-second resistor has one end connected to the LED_G pin of the charging management chip; The second transistor has its base connected to the other end of the forty-second resistor, its emitter connected to the power supply ground, and its collector connected to the other end of the twenty-eighth resistor R28; The forty-fourth resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the second transistor; The thirty-fourth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 0.5KΩ to 2KΩ, has one end connected to the IICTR pin of the charging management chip; The thirty-sixth resistor, whose resistance ranges from 5KΩ to 20KΩ, has one end connected to the IFCTR pin of the charging management chip; The twenty-seventh resistor, whose resistance ranges from 10mΩ to 100mΩ, has one end connected to the other end of the thirty-fourth resistor and the other end of the thirty-sixth resistor and the other end connected to the power supply ground.

10. The gallium nitride charger for electric two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master control circuit comprises a master control chip of model EG1253; the charging management circuit comprises a charging management chip of model EG4321; the feedback circuit comprises: The forty-first resistor has one end connected to the OUT pin of the charging management chip; The optocoupler has its input negative pole connected to the other end of the forty-first resistor, its input positive pole connected to the charging management power supply circuit, its output emitter connected to the signal ground, and its output collector connected to the FB pin of the master control chip.

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