Control system for intelligently switching series-parallel connection states of battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a control system for intelligently switching series-parallel connection states of battery packs, which comprises an integral battery formed by a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack is formed by serially connecting battery cells with the same number, and the positive electrode of each battery pack is provided with a control switch I and a control switch II; the negative electrode of each battery pack is provided with a control switch III and a control switch IV; each first control switch is connected with the positive electrode end of the whole battery in a parallel connection state, and each fourth control switch is connected with the negative electrode end of the whole battery in the parallel connection state; the third control switch of the first battery pack is connected with the negative electrode end of the whole battery in a series connection state, the third control switches of the other battery packs are connected with the second control switches of the adjacent battery packs, and the second control switch of the last battery pack is connected with the positive electrode end of the whole battery in a series connection state. According to the control system designed by the invention, intelligent switching of series-parallel connection states of the battery pack can be realized, and the use requirements of different voltages in different scenes in actual use can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a battery pack control system, in particular to a control system for intelligently switching the series-parallel state of a battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the improvement of environmental awareness and the continuous progress of technology, more and more devices and equipment use batteries as energy supply. In order to meet the use requirements of specific equipment and scenes, multiple batteries are often combined for use. For example, the lithium ion battery of a new energy vehicle or an electric bicycle is first composed of multiple battery cells in series, and multiple battery packs are connected in series and parallel to form a complete power supply battery that meets the design parameters.

[0003] Generally speaking, the parallel connection of batteries (battery packs) is to increase the battery capacity under the condition of a certain design voltage, and to meet the large current charging and discharging requirements. In addition to increasing the capacity, the series connection of batteries (battery packs) is mainly to increase the charging and discharging voltage of the battery to meet the design requirements. In short, the parallel connection of battery packs can realize low-voltage and large-current charging and discharging, and the series connection of battery packs can realize high-voltage and small-current charging and discharging.

[0004] Most of the batteries with positive and negative output levels that we commonly see cannot change parameters during use after being matched according to design requirements. However, in actual use, we often encounter different voltage use scenarios for the same device. For example, a new energy vehicle is charged at a high voltage on a public charging pile and at a low voltage at home. The same charging port is used, and the charging speed of the public charging pile is fast, while the charging speed of the home charging pile is slow due to the unchangeable series-parallel state of the battery. For example, an electric bicycle, whose battery is designed only for a charging voltage of 220V at home, cannot be charged on a public charging pile due to the high current caused by high voltage. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application designs a control system for intelligently switching the series-parallel state of a battery pack, which can intelligently switch the series-parallel state of a battery pack and meet the different voltage use requirements in different scenarios in actual use.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The application discloses a control system for intelligently switching the series-parallel state of a battery pack, and relates to the technical field of battery control.

[0008] More specifically, the control switch one, the control switch two, the control switch three and the control switch four are mechanical switches or relays or contactors or H-bridge control switches composed of high-power semiconductor switching devices.

[0009] More specifically, the H-bridge control switch composed of high-power semiconductor switching devices comprises four output terminals corresponding to the four control switches one, and each output terminal is provided with a driver and a high-power semiconductor switch; the driver is connected with a controller outside through a signal line, and the corresponding control signal is sent by the controller to drive the corresponding driver to act so as to make the corresponding high-power semiconductor switch conduct or cut off.

[0010] More specifically, each control switch is a separate device arranged outside the battery, and each control switch is connected with the battery pack through wiring.

[0011] More specifically, each control switch is integrated and designed inside the battery pack.

[0012] The control system designed by the application can switch the series-parallel state of each battery pack in the whole battery according to actual requirements, so that the whole battery can meet the voltage requirements of the equipment, for example, to accelerate the charging speed, the new energy automobile can be charged with high voltage and small current on the public charging pile, or the new energy automobile can be charged with low voltage and large current at home. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The structural principle diagram of the whole battery in the parallel state,

[0014] Figure 2 The structural principle diagram of the whole battery in the series state,

[0015] Figure 3The present invention provides a circuit diagram of an H-bridge control switch composed of high-power semiconductor switching devices.

[0016] Among them, battery pack 1, cell 1a, control switch 1 21, control switch 22, control switch 3 23, control switch 4 24, positive terminal 11 in parallel state, negative terminal 12 in parallel state, positive terminal 13 in series state, negative terminal 14 in series state, H-bridge control switch 3 composed of high-power semiconductor switching devices, output terminal 31, driver 311, high-power semiconductor switch K1, output terminal 32, driver 321, high-power semiconductor switch K2, output terminal 33, driver 331, high-power semiconductor switch K3, output terminal 34, driver 341, high-power semiconductor switch K4, and signal line 4. Detailed Implementation

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a control system for intelligently switching the series-parallel connection state of battery packs includes an overall battery consisting of several battery packs 1, each battery pack 1 consisting of the same number of cells 1a connected in series. This illustration only describes the structure of four battery packs 1, each battery pack 1 having twenty-two cells 1a connected in series. In practice, other numbers of battery packs can be used as needed, and the number of cells in a pack can also be adjusted; the structural principle remains the same and will not be repeated here.

[0018] Each battery pack 1 has a control switch 1 21 and a control switch 22 at its positive terminal, and a control switch 3 23 and a control switch 4 24 at its negative terminal.

[0019] Each of the control switches 1 and 21 is connected to the positive terminal 11 of the overall battery in parallel connection, and each of the control switches 4 and 24 is connected to the negative terminal 12 of the overall battery in parallel connection. When control switches 1 and 21 and control switches 4 and 24 are closed, the battery packs are in parallel connection, and the structure is as follows. Figure 1 As shown, assuming the voltage of a single cell is 3.75V and the rated current is 30Ah, a complete battery with a voltage of 82.5V and a rated current of 120Ah will be obtained.

[0020] The control switch 23 of the first battery pack 1 is connected to the negative terminal 14 when the entire battery is connected in series. The control switches 23 of other battery packs 1 are connected to the control switches 22 of the adjacent battery pack 1. The control switch 22 of the last battery pack 1 is connected to the positive terminal 13 when the entire battery is connected in series. When control switches 22 and 23 are closed, all battery packs 1 are in series. The structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, assuming the voltage of a single cell is 3.75V and the rated current is 30Ah, a total battery with a voltage of 330V and a rated current of 30Ah will be obtained.

[0021] In summary, the control system designed in this invention can switch the series and parallel connection states of each battery pack 1 in the overall battery according to actual requirements, thereby enabling the overall battery to meet the device use requirements of two voltages. For example, in order to speed up the charging speed, new energy vehicles can achieve high voltage and low current charging at public charging piles, or conversely, new energy vehicles can achieve low voltage and high current charging at home charging piles.

[0022] Each of the control switches (control switch 1 21, control switch 22, control switch 3 23 and control switch 4 24) is a separate device located outside the battery, and each control switch is connected to the battery pack via wiring.

[0023] In practice, to make the overall battery structure compact and improve the safety and stability of the battery system, the above-mentioned control switches can also be directly integrated into the battery pack design.

[0024] The control switches 1 21, 22, 3 23 and 4 24 mentioned above can be H-bridge control switches 3 composed of mechanical switches, relays, contactors or high-power semiconductor switching devices, etc. The appropriate structure can be selected according to the actual needs.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, an H-bridge control switch 3 composed of high-power semiconductor switching devices is provided, which includes four output terminals 31, 32, 33, and 34 corresponding to the four control switches. Output terminal 31 is provided with a driver 311 and a high-power semiconductor switch K1, output terminal 32 is provided with a driver 321 and a high-power semiconductor switch K2, output terminal 33 is provided with a driver 331 and a high-power semiconductor switch K3, and output terminal 34 is provided with a driver 341 and a high-power semiconductor switch K4.

[0026] The drivers 311, 321, 331, and 341 are connected to an external controller via signal line 4. During operation, the controller sends corresponding control signals to drive the corresponding drivers, thereby controlling the on and off states of the corresponding high-power semiconductor switches K1, K2, K3, and K4.

[0027] The high-power semiconductor switches K1, K2, K3, and K4 are provided with an emitter region, a base region, and a collector region. The emitter region is connected to a negative voltage, the base region is connected to a driver, and the collector region is connected to the output terminal. When the driver applies an appropriate voltage to the base region, a forward bias is formed between the emitter and base regions, causing the emitter and collector regions to conduct, thus connecting the corresponding high-power semiconductor switches. When the driver applies an appropriate voltage to the base region, a reverse bias is formed between the emitter and base regions, causing the emitter and collector regions to cut off, thus disconnecting the corresponding high-power semiconductor switches.

[0028] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent change or modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical principle of the present application still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A control system for intelligently switching the series and parallel states of a battery pack, characterized in that: The battery comprises a total battery consisting of several battery packs (1), each battery pack (1) consisting of the same number of cells (1a) connected in series. Each battery pack (1) has a control switch one (21) and a control switch two (22) at its positive terminal, and a control switch three (23) and a control switch four (24) at its negative terminal. Each control switch one (21) is connected to the positive terminal (11) of the total battery in parallel connection, and each control switch four (24) is connected to the negative terminal (12) of the total battery in parallel connection. When (21) and control switch four (24) are closed, each battery pack (1) is in parallel; the control switch three (23) of the first battery pack (1) is connected to the negative terminal (14) when the whole battery is in series; the control switch three (23) of the other battery packs (1) is connected to the control switch two (22) of the adjacent battery pack; the control switch two (22) of the last battery pack (1) is connected to the positive terminal (13) when the whole battery is in series; when control switch two (22) and control switch three (23) are closed, each battery pack (1) is in series.

2. The control system for intelligently switching the series and parallel states of a battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The control switches 1 (21), 2 (22), 3 (23) and 4 (24) are H-bridge control switches (3) composed of mechanical switches, relays, contactors or high-power semiconductor switching devices.

3. The control system for intelligently switching the series and parallel states of a battery pack as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The H-bridge control switch (3) composed of high-power semiconductor switching devices includes four output terminals corresponding to the four control switches. Each output terminal is equipped with a driver and a high-power semiconductor switch. The driver is connected to an external controller through a signal line (4). During operation, the controller sends a corresponding control signal to drive the corresponding driver to operate, thereby turning on or off the corresponding high-power semiconductor switch.

4. A control system for intelligently switching the series and parallel states of a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Each of the control switches is a separate device located outside the battery pack (1), and each control switch is connected to the battery pack by wiring.

5. A control system for intelligently switching the series and parallel states of a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The control switches described herein are integrated into the battery pack (1).

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