Solid fertilizer spreader for greenhouse planting

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and discloses a solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting, which comprises a moving trolley, a charging barrel is arranged on the moving trolley, a hopper and a fertilizer spreading disc are arranged in the charging barrel, the hopper is used for bearing a fertilizer, an outlet of the hopper extends to the upper part of the fertilizer spreading disc, and the fertilizer spreading disc is arranged on the moving trolley. An adjusting mechanism is further arranged at an outlet of the hopper and used for adjusting the size of the outlet of the hopper, a center shaft of the fertilizer spreading disc is connected with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the fertilizer spreading disc to rotate. Therefore, the fertilizer flowing into the fertilizer spreading disc from the outlet of the hopper is continuously conveyed to one or more discharge ports, and the discharge ports are all arranged on the barrel wall of the charging barrel. The fertilizer spreading disc is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate, and the fertilizer flowing from the hopper to the fertilizer spreading disc is automatically and continuously conveyed to the discharge port, so that manual fertilizer spreading can be replaced, the labor intensity can be effectively reduced, and the working efficiency can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly relates to a solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting. BACKGROUND

[0002] The planting areas in China are mainly distributed in the plains, basins and hilly areas of the humid and semi-humid eastern monsoon region, of which the plains account for only about 12% of the territory, and the plain topography is scattered, the per capita share is low, and large-scale farms cannot be formed, and the greenhouse planting is widely used in China due to the advantages of improving the utilization efficiency of land resources, creating a suitable climate, improving the quality of agricultural products and the like.

[0003] Compared with the traditional planting mode, the greenhouse planting means fine tillage, and more manpower and material resources are consumed, and small and medium-sized automatic mechanical equipment is needed to improve the labor efficiency. In the existing greenhouse tomato planting mode, fertilization mainly relies on manual operation, and is divided into the following three modes:

[0004] 1. A hand-held fertilizer bag or fertilizer bucket is used, and the fertilizer is thrown by hand;

[0005] 2. A hand-pushed fertilizer basket vehicle is used, and the fertilizer is poured out from the gaps of the basket;

[0006] 3. A backpack type hand-held fertilizer spreader is used, and the handle is connected to the leaf rake, and the fertilizer is poured out by shaking the leaf rake by hand.

[0007] Therefore, the following problems exist generally:

[0008] 1. High labor intensity and low efficiency: manual fertilizer spreading is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and is affected by weather, environment and the like, and cannot guarantee the uniformity and timeliness of fertilization.

[0009] 2. Low fertilizer utilization rate: manual fertilizer spreading is easy to cause fertilizer waste and environmental pollution, and is not conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0010] 3. Low automation degree: most of the existing automatic fertilization equipment is for field crops, and cannot adapt to the characteristics of narrow space and dense crop planting in the greenhouse. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0011] The utility model provides a solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting, solves the technical problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of solid fertilizer fertilization, and aims at liberating labor, improving work efficiency, reducing agricultural production cost and implementing automatic technology to benefit agriculture.

[0012] The utility model can be implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0013] A solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting, comprising a moving trolley, a material cylinder arranged on the moving trolley, a hopper and a spreading disc arranged in the material cylinder, the hopper being used for carrying fertilizer, the outlet of the hopper extending to above the spreading disc, and an adjusting mechanism being arranged at the outlet of the hopper and being used for adjusting the size of the outlet of the hopper,

[0014] The central shaft of the spreading disc is connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being used for driving the spreading disc to rotate, so as to continuously convey the fertilizer flowing from the outlet of the hopper to one or more discharge ports,

[0015] The discharge ports are all arranged on the cylinder wall of the material cylinder.

[0016] Further, the hopper, a first supporting barrel, a second supporting barrel and a third supporting barrel are arranged in the material cylinder from top to bottom, the openings of the first supporting barrel and the second supporting barrel being oppositely arranged, the cavity surrounded by the first supporting barrel and the second supporting barrel being internally provided with the driving mechanism, and the spreading disc being arranged in the third supporting barrel,

[0017] The hopper is in a whole funnel structure, is provided with a vibrator, the outlet of the hopper is deviated to one side, and extends to above the spreading disc through the first supporting barrel and the second supporting barrel.

[0018] Further, the spreading disc comprises a rotating disc, a plurality of flippers are uniformly and interval arranged on the rotating disc, the flippers are distributed in a radial manner with the center of the rotating disc as the center,

[0019] The outlet of the hopper extends to directly above the area surrounded by two adjacent flippers of the spreading disc.

[0020] Further, the adjusting mechanism comprises a pull plate, one end of the pull plate extends to the outlet of the hopper through the cylinder wall of the material cylinder, the other end of the pull plate is in a rack structure, the rack structure is engaged with a transmission gear, the central shaft of the transmission gear is connected with the output shaft of a steering engine, the steering engine is used for driving the engagement transmission of the transmission gear and the other end of the pull plate, drives one end of the pull plate to be close to or away from the outlet, so as to adjust the overlapping area of one end of the pull plate and the outlet of the hopper, thereby adjusting the size of the outlet of the hopper.

[0021] Further, a supporting plate is arranged below one end of the pull plate, an opening is correspondingly arranged at the position of the supporting plate opposite to the outlet of the hopper,

[0022] A plurality of convex points are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the supporting plate and the pull plate, and the convex points are arranged in an interlaced engagement manner.

[0023] Further, a plurality of stop columns are arranged on the end surface of one end of the pull plate, the stop columns are exposed in the outlet of the hopper, are matched with the side wall of the hopper at the outlet, and are used for limiting the moving position of the pull plate.

[0024] Further, the discharge port is provided with two, respectively located in the moving trolley advancing direction two sides, it is connected with the extension plate on, the extension plate extends from the discharge port to the ground.

[0025] The beneficial technical effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0026] 1, with the help of driving mechanism drives the fertilizer distribution disc rotation, automatically from the hopper to the fertilizer distribution disc of fertilizer source continuously conveyed to the discharge port, so as to replace manual distribution, can effectively reduce the labor intensity, improve work efficiency.

[0027] 2, via driving mechanism can control the rotation speed of fertilizer distribution disc, simultaneously on the hopper is provided with vibration driver, to this control hopper's vibration frequency, and with the help of adjusting mechanism adjustment hopper's export size, so as to can accurately control the fertilization amount, avoid fertilizer waste and environmental pollution, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.

[0028] 3, ingeniously designed adjusting mechanism, utilize transmission gear and draw plate's meshing, the rotation of rudder engine is converted into the linear movement of draw plate, to change the overlapping area of draw plate and hopper's export, complete export size adjustment, simultaneously still add support plate, set up on support plate with draw plate's cooperation interlocking convex point, can provide certain resistance for the movement of draw plate, avoid draw plate moving too fast.

[0029] Summarizing, the fertilizer distribution vehicle of the application can automatically control the movement route of the moving trolley and the discharge amount, has high degree of automation, and can adapt to the characteristics of narrow space and dense crop planting in the greenhouse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is the whole structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 It is the internal structure schematic view of the barrel of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic view of the adjusting mechanism of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic view of the fertilizer distribution disc of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 It is the convex point interlaced structure schematic view between the draw plate and the support plate of the utility model;

[0035] Wherein, 1 - moving trolley, 101 - antenna, 102 - searchlight, 103 - depth camera, 2 - barrel, 3 - hopper, 4 - fertilizer disc, 5 - adjusting mechanism, 501 - pull plate, 502 - transmission gear, 503 - steering gear, 504 - support plate, 505 - stop column, 6 - drive mechanism, 7 - discharge port, 8 - first support barrel, 9 - second support barrel, 10 - third support barrel, 11 - extension plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the utility model easy to understand, the following embodiments are combined with the drawings to specifically describe the solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting of the utility model, and it should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the utility model, but does not constitute a limitation on the utility model.

[0037] As shown in Figures 1-5 The utility model provides a kind of solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting, including moving trolley 1, be provided with barrel 2 on moving trolley 1, be provided with hopper 3, fertilizer disc 4 in the inside of barrel 2, the hopper 3 is used to carry fertilizer, and its outlet extends to the top of fertilizer disc 4, adjusting mechanism 5 is also provided at the outlet of hopper 3, and the adjusting mechanism 5 is used to adjust the outlet size of hopper 3, and the central shaft of fertilizer disc 4 is connected with drive mechanism 6, and the drive mechanism 6 is used to drive fertilizer disc 4 to rotate, so that the fertilizer from the outlet of hopper 3 into fertilizer disc 4 is continuously transported to one or more discharge ports 7, and these discharge ports 7 are all arranged on the barrel wall of barrel 2.

[0038] In this way, the fertilizer from the outlet of hopper 3 into fertilizer disc is continuously transported to discharge port 7 by the rotation of fertilizer disc 4 driven by drive mechanism, and the outlet size of hopper 3 can also be adjusted according to actual needs by adjusting mechanism 5, which can completely replace manual fertilization, effectively reduce labor intensity, improve work efficiency, and has high intelligence and strong practicability.

[0039] Specifically as follows:

[0040] As shown in Figure 2 Hopper 3, first support barrel 8, second support barrel 9 and third support barrel 10 are arranged in barrel 2 from top to bottom, wherein the openings of first support barrel 8 and second support barrel 9 are oppositely arranged, and they are both arranged close to the inner wall of barrel 2, and the cavity surrounded thereby is provided with drive mechanism 6, fertilizer disc 4 is arranged in the inside of third support barrel 10, hopper 3 is in the form of a funnel structure as a whole, and is provided with a vibrator thereon, the outlet thereof is deviated to one side, and extends to the top of fertilizer disc 4 through first support barrel 8 and second support barrel 9, and the vibrator is used to vibrate hopper to help the fertilizer inside to flow out of hopper better.

[0041] In order to ensure that the fertilizer can enter the hopper 3, the inner wall of the barrel 2 is provided with a concave step at the corresponding position, so that the hopper 3 can be closely arranged with the barrel 2, and the connection part of the two can be smoothly transitioned, avoiding hanging and sticking of the fertilizer. At the same time, a plurality of mounting grooves are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the side wall of the barrel 2, which extend from the hopper 3 to the third supporting barrel 10, and mounting holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of the hopper 3, the first supporting barrel 8, the second supporting barrel 9 and the third supporting barrel 10, so that the hopper 3 to the third supporting barrel 10 can be fixed on the barrel 2 by bolts and the like.

[0042] The driving mechanism 6 includes a motor and a reducer connected therewith, which are fixed on the first supporting barrel 8 and the second supporting barrel 9 through L-shaped folding plates, and the reducer transmits the rotation of the motor to the fertilizer spreading disc 4 through two meshing gears. A rotating shaft is arranged at the center position of the fertilizer spreading disc 4, the free end of the rotating shaft is connected with the center shaft of one of the gears through the second supporting barrel 9 to realize transmission, and a bearing is arranged at the connecting position of the rotating shaft and the second supporting barrel 9 to ensure smooth rotation.

[0043] The fertilizer spreading disc 4 is a key part of the fertilizer spreading vehicle, which is used to uniformly throw out the fertilizer. It is driven by a motor such as a direct current motor in cooperation with a micro gearbox, and different rotating speeds are adjusted under different conditions to adapt to the working requirements of the fertilizer spreading vehicle.

[0044] The motor is the power source of the fertilizer spreading disc 4, which is controlled by an embedded microprocessor and can meet the needs of different fertilizer spreading ranges. In order to improve the working efficiency of the fertilizer spreading vehicle, the motor can be selected as a GRS-775 motor with moderate power.

[0045] As shown in Figure 4 The fertilizer spreading disc 4 is arranged in the interior of the third supporting barrel 10, and they are nested together. Of course, it can also be directly matched with the side wall of the barrel 2, in which case the third supporting barrel 10 is not needed. The fertilizer spreading disc 4 includes a rotating disc, a plurality of paddles are uniformly and spacedly arranged on the rotating disc, the paddles are distributed in a radial manner with the center of the rotating disc as the center, the outlet of the hopper 3 extends to the area above the two adjacent paddles of the fertilizer spreading disc 4, and then openings are arranged at the corresponding positions of the first supporting barrel 8 and the second supporting barrel 9 to facilitate the passing of the hopper 3. The end face of the outlet of the hopper 3 can be flush with the opening end face of the second supporting barrel 10, so that the fertilizer can flow out to the fertilizer spreading disc 4.

[0046] The fertilizer spreading disc 4 can be made of polyethylene plastic. There are six paddles on the disc, which can be used to stir the fertilizer to be spread out. There is a shaft key groove in the middle of the disc, which is connected with the rotating shaft. There are annular reinforcing ribs below the disc, which can strengthen the bearing capacity of the disc. The disc body is slightly concave and has a circular arc shape with a curvature of about 0.13×10 -3 mm, and the upper and lower errors do not exceed 0.1×10 -5mm, to adjust the trajectory of the fertilizer throwing, to ensure the uniformity of the fertilizer throwing.

[0047] As Figure 3 shown, in order to adjust the size of the outlet of the hopper 3, we add an adjusting mechanism 5 at the outlet position of the hopper 3, which includes a pull plate 501, one end of which extends to the outlet of the hopper through the wall of the barrel 2, and the other end is in the form of a rack structure, which is engaged with a transmission gear 502, the center shaft of which is connected with the output shaft of a steering engine 503, which is used to drive the engagement transmission of the transmission gear 502 and the other end of the pull plate 501, to drive the one end of the pull plate 501 to approach or move away from the outlet, to adjust the overlapping area of the one end of the pull plate 501 with the outlet of the hopper 3, thereby adjusting the size of the outlet of the hopper 3.

[0048] A support plate 504 is arranged below the one end of the pull plate 501, which is connected with the second support barrel 9, and an opening is arranged at the position opposite to the outlet of the hopper 3, and a plurality of convex points are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the support plate 504 and the pull plate 501, which are arranged in staggered engagement, as Figure 5 shown, so that the one end of the pull plate 501 can be supported, and at the same time, the staggered convex points can hinder the movement of the pull plate 501, to avoid the pull plate 501 moving too fast, and to help control the size adjustment of the outlet of the hopper 3.

[0049] A plurality of stop columns 505 are arranged on the end surface of the one end of the pull plate 501, which are exposed inside the outlet of the hopper 3, and cooperate with the side wall of the hopper 3 at the outlet, to limit the movement position of the pull plate 501, to avoid the pull plate 501 moving too much or too little.

[0050] In order to improve the fertilization efficiency, the discharge port 7 can be provided with two, which are located on both sides of the forward direction of the moving trolley 1, and are connected with the vehicle shell of the moving trolley 1, and an extension plate 11 is connected on each of them, which extends from the discharge port 7 to the ground. Since the fertilizer disc 4 rotates under the drive of the driving mechanism, as long as the discharge port 7 is opened on the side wall of the barrel 2, the fertilizer can flow out. Considering that crops are usually located on both sides of the moving trolley 1, two discharge ports can be provided, and as the moving trolley 1 travels, fertilization can be carried out on both sides of the crops at the same time, and the working efficiency is higher.

[0051] The vehicle body of the moving trolley 1 is made of high-strength steel, and track wheels are installed on both sides to ensure smooth running of the fertilizer spreading vehicle in the field.

[0052] The vehicle shell is provided with a pull ring, a hinge door and other components, facilitating carrying, fixing, disassembly and maintenance, etc. An opening is arranged on the top of the vehicle shell to communicate with the material cylinder, facilitating the feeding of fertilizer into the hopper. An antenna 101, a buzzer and other devices are arranged on the top of the vehicle shell, which send signals when the fertilizer spreader has problems or runs out of fertilizer.

[0053] The vehicle shell is also provided with wifi and radio signal transmitting and receiving devices, and the user can change the instructions at any time by using a remote control device. An adjustable searchlight 102 is arranged in front of the vehicle shell to ensure the smooth operation of the fertilizer spreader in different light environments.

[0054] The vehicle shell is also provided with wifi and radio signal transmitting and receiving devices, and the user can change the instructions at any time by using a remote control device. An adjustable searchlight 102 is arranged in front of the vehicle shell to ensure the smooth operation of the fertilizer spreader in different light environments.

[0055] When the solid fertilizer spreader is used for fertilization, first, the driving route of the mobile trolley is planned, then the fertilization amount is calculated according to the actual needs, the rotation speed of the fertilizer disc is controlled by the driving mechanism, the vibration frequency of the hopper is adjusted by the vibrator, and the outlet size of the hopper is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism when necessary, so as to ensure that the fertilizer flowing out of the discharge port meets the fertilization amount requirement. At this time, the above three parameters can be adjusted appropriately according to the actual fertilizer flowing out, and finally, the mobile trolley is driven to walk along the driving route.

[0056] Although the specific embodiments of the present application are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are only examples, and various changes or modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present application, therefore, the protection scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

[0057] The above embodiments are preferred cases of the present application and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, and various modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present patent.

Claims

1. A solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse cultivation, characterized by: The utility model discloses a mobile trolley, a material cylinder is arranged on the mobile trolley, a hopper and a fertilizer spreading disc are arranged in the material cylinder, the hopper is used for carrying fertilizer, the outlet of the hopper extends to the upper side of the fertilizer spreading disc, and an adjusting mechanism is arranged at the outlet of the hopper, the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the size of the outlet of the hopper, the central shaft of the fertilizer spreading disc is connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the fertilizer spreading disc to rotate, so that the fertilizer flowing into the fertilizer spreading disc from the outlet of the hopper is continuously conveyed to one or more discharge ports, the discharge ports are all arranged on the barrel wall of the material cylinder.

2. The solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: a hopper, a first supporting barrel, a second supporting barrel and a third supporting barrel are arranged in the material cylinder from top to bottom, the openings of the first supporting barrel and the second supporting barrel are oppositely arranged, a cavity is formed between the first supporting barrel and the second supporting barrel, the driving mechanism is arranged in the cavity, and the fertilizer spreading disc is arranged in the third supporting barrel, the hopper is in a funnel structure as a whole, a vibrator is arranged on the hopper, the outlet of the hopper is deviated to one side, and the outlet extends to the upper side of the fertilizer spreading disc through the first supporting barrel and the second supporting barrel.

3. The solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fertilizer spreading disc comprises a rotating disc, a plurality of flippers are uniformly and spacedly arranged on the rotating disc, the flippers are distributed in a radial manner with the center of the rotating disc as the center, the outlet of the hopper extends to the upper side of the area surrounded by two adjacent flippers of the fertilizer spreading disc.

4. The solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: the adjusting mechanism comprises a pull plate, one end of the pull plate extends to the outlet of the hopper through the barrel wall of the material cylinder, the other end of the pull plate is in a rack structure, the rack structure is engaged with a transmission gear, the central shaft of the transmission gear is connected with the output shaft of a steering engine, the steering engine is used for driving the transmission gear and the other end of the pull plate to engage and drive, so that one end of the pull plate is close to or far away from the outlet, the overlapping area of one end of the pull plate and the outlet of the hopper is adjusted, and the size of the outlet of the hopper is adjusted.

5. The solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse planting according to claim 4, characterized in that: a supporting plate is arranged below one end of the pull plate, an opening is arranged on the supporting plate in a position corresponding to the position of the outlet of the hopper, a plurality of convex points are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the supporting plate and the pull plate, and the convex points are arranged in an interlaced engagement mode.

6. The solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that: a plurality of stop columns are arranged on the end surface of one end of the pull plate, the stop columns are exposed in the outlet of the hopper and are matched with the side wall of the hopper at the outlet, and the stop columns are used for limiting the moving position of the pull plate.

7. The solid fertilizer spreading vehicle for greenhouse cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: two discharge ports are arranged on the two sides of the advancing direction of the mobile trolley, and an extension plate is connected to each of the discharge ports, and the extension plate extends from the discharge port to the ground.

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