Cable and aircraft

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cable and an aircraft, and the cable is characterized in that the cable is used for being installed in the aircraft, and comprises a conductor, and an insulating layer and a shielding layer which are sequentially wrapped outside the conductor; wherein the insulating layer is made of fluorosilicone rubber. An insulating layer of a cable in the prior art is made of LSZH (low-smoke zero-halogen material), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene), silicone rubber and the like, the insulating layer of the cable made of the materials cannot meet the use requirements of eVTOL aircrafts, and the weight of the materials is larger than that of fluorosilicone rubber, so that the insulating layer is made of the fluorosilicone rubber, and the service life of the cable is prolonged. According to the technical scheme, the weight of the insulating layer can be reduced, so that the weight of the cable installed in the eVTOL aircraft is reduced, the weight of the eVTOL aircraft is further reduced, the flight performance of the eVTOL aircraft is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a cable and an aircraft. BACKGROUND

[0002] The weight of an eVTOL aircraft is crucial to its flight performance and operating cost, and reducing the take-off gross weight is very important for building an urban air transportation system. The weight of the cable is an important part of the overall classification weight of the aircraft, and the cable in the prior art has low current-carrying capacity and large weight, which cannot meet the high-voltage, large-current and light-weight requirements of the eVTOL aircraft. How to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, reduce the weight of the cable on the basis of meeting the use requirements of the eVTOL aircraft, and improve the performance of the electric aircraft and reduce the operating cost have become technical problems to be solved. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a cable applied to an eVTOL aircraft, which solves the problem of large weight of the cable on the basis of meeting the use requirements of the eVTOL aircraft. The present application also provides an aircraft comprising the above-mentioned cable.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A cable, at least comprising a conductor, and an insulating layer and a shielding layer wrapped outside the conductor in sequence;

[0006] The insulating layer is fluorosilicone rubber.

[0007] Optionally, the cable further comprises a protective layer wrapped outside the shielding layer, and the protective layer is fluorosilicone rubber.

[0008] Optionally, the fluorosilicone rubber is a polytetrafluoroethylene-silicone rubber copolymer.

[0009] Optionally, the insulating layer and / or the protective layer is a wrapped structure.

[0010] Optionally, the shielding layer is polyimide metal plating or carbon fiber metal plating.

[0011] Optionally, the metal plated in the polyimide metal plating and the carbon fiber metal plating is silver or nickel.

[0012] Optionally, the conductor comprises a plurality of conductor wires, and the conductor wires are silver or copper silver plating.

[0013] Optionally, the diameter of the conductor wire is d, wherein d satisfies: 0.08mm≤d<0.2mm.

[0014] Optionally, the shielding layer is a net structure.

[0015] Optionally, the weaving density of the mesh structure is 80% to 95%.

[0016] An aircraft comprising the cable described in any of the preceding claims.

[0017] The cable provided in this application for installation in an aircraft includes a conductor and an insulation layer and a shielding layer sequentially wrapped around the conductor, wherein the insulation layer is made of fluorosilicone rubber. Since the insulation layers of existing cables are made of materials such as LSZH (low smoke halogen-free material), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene), and silicone rubber, the insulation layers of cables made from these materials cannot meet the requirements of eVTOL aircraft, and the weight of these materials is greater than that of fluorosilicone rubber. By using fluorosilicone rubber as the insulation layer, the weight of the insulation layer can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the cable installed in the eVTOL aircraft, and consequently reducing the weight of the eVTOL aircraft, thus improving the flight performance of the eVTOL aircraft and reducing operating costs.

[0018] Furthermore, since aircraft typically operate in high-voltage, high-current environments, the cable in this application can ensure the insulation performance of aircraft flying in such environments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cable structure provided in this embodiment;

[0021] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cable with its insulation and protective layers wrapped together.

[0022] Fig. 3 This is a side view of the cable.

[0023] Figs. 1-3 middle:

[0024] 1-Conductor, 2-Insulating layer, 3-Shielding layer, 4-Protective layer;

[0025] 11-Conductor wire. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This application provides a cable. This application also provides an aircraft including the aforementioned cable.

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0028] As shown in Figs. 1-3 The present application provides a cable, which is a cable installed in an eVTOL aircraft. The cable for installation in an aircraft mainly comprises a conductor 1, and an insulating layer 2 and a shielding layer 3 wrapped outside the conductor 1 in turn. The conductor 1 is the main carrier for high-voltage and high-current transmission, which is generally a metal conductor 1 and mostly a soft core wire (composed of multiple thin metal wires); the insulating layer 2 is used to ensure the safety (including equipment safety and personnel safety) of the cable during high-voltage and high-current power distribution; since the high-voltage cable itself is an electromagnetic radiation source, the shielding layer 3 is used to shield the electromagnetic radiation source.

[0029] The insulating layer 2 of the cable in the prior art is LSZH (low smoke and halogen-free material), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene), and silicone rubber. Among them, LSZH can be divided into PO (polyolefin) and EPR (ethylene propylene rubber) two categories, of which PO cable material is the mainstream; this kind of cable material has good flame retardant, low smoke, halogen-free, low toxicity and other characteristics, but at the same time, it also makes it different from other non-flame-retardant materials and halogen-containing flame-retardant materials in physical and mechanical properties, electrical properties and extrusion process performance; TPE is a high polymer material that combines the properties of rubber and thermoplastic, showing high elasticity at room temperature and plasticizing at high temperature, but this material is not wear-resistant, so the use of this kind of cable needs to focus on the anti-wear material outside the cable; XLPE is made of ordinary PE (polyethylene) material with a temperature resistance level of 75℃, which is cross-linked by irradiation, and its temperature resistance level can reach 150℃, and it has excellent physical and mechanical properties, overload resistance and long service life, etc., but it is not flame-retardant; the breakdown voltage of silicone rubber is high (the thickness of the insulating layer processed into a cable insulating layer will increase to ensure the voltage resistance of the insulating layer compared with other material cable insulating layers), so it has arc resistance, tracking resistance, ozone resistance, and it also has good high and low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance up to 200℃, good insulation performance, stable performance under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and flame retardant.

[0030] In the present embodiment, the insulation layer 2 is fluorosilicone rubber. Fluorosilicone rubber is a synthetic rubber composed of silicone and fluorine-containing alkyl side chains. Fluorosilicone rubber has outstanding high-temperature resistance, oil resistance (especially to diester oils), chemical resistance, good physical and mechanical properties, satisfactory dielectric properties, non-flammability, weather resistance, excellent vacuum performance, and radiation resistance. Moreover, the weight of fluorosilicone rubber is lighter than the materials used in the insulation layer 2 in the prior art. Therefore, using fluorosilicone rubber as the insulation layer 2 can reduce the weight of the cable.

[0031] The insulation material of this type has the characteristics of light weight, high voltage resistance, high temperature resistance (the maximum operating temperature of the cable is 260°C), and the flexibility of silicone rubber. Under the premise of ensuring voltage resistance (specified value), the weight of the insulation layer 2 is low. Therefore, the thickness of the insulation layer 2 can be determined according to actual needs, thereby achieving weight reduction of the insulation layer.

[0032] The cable with the above structure, the insulation layer 2 of the cable in the prior art is LSZH (low smoke halogen-free material), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene), silicone rubber, etc. The insulation layer of the cable made of the above materials cannot meet the requirements of eVTOL aircraft. Moreover, the weight of the above materials is greater than that of fluorosilicone rubber. Here, by setting the insulation layer 2 as fluorosilicone rubber, the weight of the insulation layer 2 can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the cable installed in the eVTOL aircraft, and further reducing the weight of the eVTOL aircraft, thereby improving the flight performance of the eVTOL aircraft and reducing the operating cost.

[0033] In some embodiments, the cable further comprises a protective layer 4 covering the shielding layer 3, and the protective layer 4 is fluorosilicone rubber. Specifically, the protective layer 4 is used to protect the shielding layer 3 and the internal structure of the cable from damage or destruction. The protective layer 4 of the cable in the prior art is LSZH (low smoke halogen-free material), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene), silicone rubber. In the present embodiment, the protective layer 4 is fluorosilicone rubber. Here, by setting the protective layer 4 as fluorosilicone rubber, the weight of the protective layer 4 can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the cable installed in the eVTOL aircraft, and further reducing the weight of the eVTOL aircraft, thereby improving the flight performance of the eVTOL aircraft and reducing the operating cost.

[0034] In some embodiments, the fluorosilicone rubber is a polytetrafluoroethylene-silicone rubber copolymer. The insulation material of this type has the characteristics of light weight, high voltage resistance, high temperature resistance (the maximum operating temperature of the cable is 260°C), and the flexibility of silicone rubber. Under the premise of ensuring voltage resistance (specified value), the weight of the insulation layer 2 and the protective layer 4 is between that of polytetrafluoroethylene and silicone rubber. Therefore, the thickness of the insulation layer can be determined according to actual needs, thereby achieving weight reduction of the insulation layer.

[0035] In addition, it needs to be noted that, under the premise of ensuring that the aircraft meets the normal flight, if the weight of the aircraft can be reduced, the performance of the aircraft can be greatly improved, and the flight time of the aircraft can be improved. Reducing the weight of the aircraft is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0036] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2 The insulating layer 2 and / or the protective layer 4 are in a wrapping structure, and under the premise of ensuring electrical properties, the weight of the cable with the insulating layer 2 and / or the protective layer 4 in a wrapping structure is less than that of the extruded cable, so as to further reduce the weight.

[0037] The existing shielding layer 3 has mainly two structures according to the use: one is a metal mesh woven type, and the other is a metal mesh woven and aluminum foil film type. Specifically, the metal mesh woven layer can be selected to be the same material (same metal wire and same metal wire diameter) as the cable core conductor 1, or can be selected to be different from the cable core conductor 1. Since the shielding material is metal, the weight of the cable increases. In some embodiments, the shielding layer 3 is provided with polyimide metal plating or carbon fiber metal plating. The weight of the light material metal plating structure is less than that of the metal material, and such a setting can further reduce the weight of the above-mentioned shielding layer 3, thereby reducing the weight of the cable. The application selects light material metal plating form to ensure electrical shielding effectiveness while reducing the weight of the shielding layer without changing the structure and weaving density of the mesh woven layer. It needs to be noted that the metal in the light material metal plating structure can be electroplated or chemically plated.

[0038] In some embodiments, the specific type of metal in the polyimide metal plating and the carbon fiber metal plating is not limited, and exemplarily, the metal plated in the polyimide metal plating and the carbon fiber metal plating is silver or nickel, that is, the shielding layer 3 is provided with polyimide silver plating, polyimide nickel plating, carbon fiber silver plating, and carbon fiber nickel plating. Silver and nickel both have excellent shielding performance. The polyimide silver plating, the polyimide nickel plating, the carbon fiber silver plating, and the carbon fiber nickel plating can further reduce the weight of the shielding layer 3 under the premise of ensuring the shielding performance. And the shielding layer 3 is provided with one of the polyimide silver plating, the polyimide nickel plating, the carbon fiber silver plating, and the carbon fiber nickel plating. Such a setting of the cable electrical performance can also meet the requirements.

[0039] In some embodiments, the shielding layer 3 is in a mesh structure, so that a more dense mesh structure can effectively increase the difficulty of electromagnetic wave penetration and improve the shielding performance; and the mesh structure has better flexibility than other forms of shielding layer 3 (such as metal foil), so that the shielding layer 3 is not easy to be damaged when the cable is bent or twisted, thereby ensuring the reliability and durability of the cable; in particular, the mesh structure is relatively simple and low-cost to manufacture by weaving, and requires less material and time, so that the weight of the shielding layer 3 is lower, thereby reducing the weight of the cable; finally, the mesh structure of the shielding layer 3 has good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and can maintain stable shielding effect in harsh environment.

[0040] In some embodiments, further, the weaving density of the mesh structure is 80% to 95%. Here, the weaving density of the mesh structure is ensured to be within the above range, so that the weaving density of the mesh structure can be avoided to be too small to ensure that the mesh structure can play a shielding effect; and the weaving density of the mesh structure can be avoided to be too large to avoid the weight of the mesh structure being too large.

[0041] For example, the weaving density of the mesh structure can be 80%, 81%, 82%, 85%, 90%, 93%, 94%, 95%, and the like.

[0042] In some embodiments, the conductor 1 includes a plurality of conductor wires 11, and the conductor wire 11 is silver or silver-plated copper. The resistivity of silver at 20°C is 1.65*10 -8 Ω·m, and the density is 10.49 g / cm 3 ; the resistivity of copper at 20°C is 1.75*10 -8 Ω·m, and the density is 8.96 g / cm 3 ; the smaller the resistivity, the better the electrical conductivity; the larger the resistivity, the worse the electrical conductivity; the larger the density, the heavier the weight of the metal in unit volume; the smaller the density, the lighter the weight of the metal in unit volume. The conductor wire 11 is silver or silver-plated copper, which has a smaller weight than copper under the same current-carrying capacity, so that the conductor 1 can be lightened by using silver or silver-plated copper as the conductor wire 11, thereby realizing the lightening effect of the cable.

[0043] Further based on the above embodiment, the diameter of the conductor wire 11 is d, wherein d satisfies: 0.08mm≤d<0.2mm. Since the current carrying capacity of the cable is related to the resistivity of the metal conductor 1 and the cross-sectional area of the metal conductor 1, in the case of a fixed diameter of the conductor 1, the thinner the conductor wire 11, the more the number of the conductor wire 11, and the larger the relative cross-sectional area of the conductor wire 11, the stronger the current carrying capacity. In the embodiment, the diameter of the conductor wire 11 is set to the above range, which is smaller than the diameter of the conductor 1 in the prior art. In the case of ensuring that the conductor wire 11 and the conventional conductor wire 11 have the same current carrying capacity, the cross-sectional area of the conductor 1 composed of the conductor wire 11 in the present application is smaller, which can reduce the diameter of the cable, and thus reduce the diameter of the insulating layer 2, the shielding layer 3 and the protective layer 4 wrapped outside the conductor 1, so as to reduce the diameter of the cable, thereby reducing the weight and volume of the cable.

[0044] For example, the diameter of the conductor wire 11 can be 0.08mm, 0.081mm, 0.083mm, 0.086mm, 0.09mm, 0.095mm, 0.10mm, 0.11mm, 0.115mm, 0.118mm, 0.119mm, 0.12mm, 0.13mm, 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.18mm, 0.195mm, 0.197mm, 0.199mm, etc.

[0045] In the embodiment, the conductor wire 11 is silver or silver-plated copper, and the diameter of the conductor wire 11 is greater than or equal to 0.08mm and less than 0.2mm. In this way, the cable can withstand large current and achieve weight reduction.

[0046] In the embodiment, a specific implementation is provided. At an ambient temperature of 50℃, a certain device needs to pass a current of 600V 80A for a long time. In the comparative example, the diameter of the wire is 10mm 2 The cable (conductor: copper, conductor structure: 318 / 0.2mm, conductor weight: 74.7g / m) has a rated current of 97.6A at 50℃; the diameter of the wire in the embodiment is 10mm 2 The cable (conductor: silver-plated copper, conductor structure: 912 / 0.1mm, conductor weight: 84g / m) has a rated current of 148A at 50℃; the diameter of the wire is 10mm 2 The current carrying capacity of the silver-plated copper conductor is much higher than that of the copper conductor. For example, according to the power demand of the device, a 6mm 2 The cable (conductor: silver-plated copper, conductor structure: 536 / 0.1mm, conductor weight: 57.4g / m) has a rated current of 86A at 50℃; therefore, the wire core conductor cable in the embodiment can significantly achieve weight reduction.

[0047] In some embodiments, the shielding layer 3 is a mesh structure formed by the conductor wires 11. Specifically, the mesh structure and the conductor 1 constituting the shielding layer 3 are made of the same material, that is, the mesh structure and the conductor wires 11 are made of silver or silver-plated copper, and the mesh structure and the conductor wires 11 have the same diameter. As known from the above, the diameter d of the conductor wires 11 satisfies the range of 0.08 mm≤d<0.2 mm. In this way, compared with the diameter of the material of the mesh structure in the prior art, the diameter of the material of the mesh structure in the present application is smaller, so that the mesh structure has a smaller weight under the condition of the same weaving density, and the shielding layer 3 has a smaller weight, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the weight of the cable. Of course, other metal wires can also be used as the mesh structure of the shielding layer 3.

[0048] An aircraft comprising the cable of any one of the above. Since the aircraft comprises the cable, the aircraft has the advantages brought by the cable, which are described above and will not be repeated here. The cable can be a power cable for electrical connection or a communication cable for communication connection.

[0049] The basic principles of the present application are described above in combination with specific embodiments, but it should be pointed out that the advantages, advantages, effects and the like mentioned in the present application are only examples and are not limiting, and these advantages, advantages, effects and the like cannot be considered as necessary for each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the above specific details are only for the purpose of example and for the purpose of understanding, and are not limiting, and the above details do not limit the present application to the above specific details.

[0050] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, systems involved in the present application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply the connection, arrangement, configuration shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, systems can be connected, arranged, configured in any way. Words such as "include", "contain", "have" and the like are open-ended words, which mean "include but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably. The words "or" and "and" used herein mean the word "and / or", and can be used interchangeably unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein means the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably.

[0051] It should also be noted that in the devices, equipment and methods of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0053] It should be understood that the limiting words "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth" and "sixth" used in the embodiments description of the present application are only used for more clearly describing the technical solutions, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0054] The above description has been presented for the purpose of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the application to the forms disclosed herein. Although several example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate a variety of modifications, alternatives, permutations, additions, and sub-combinations of the described aspects and embodiments.

Claims

1. A cable, characterized by at least a conductor, and an insulating layer and a shielding layer wrapped outside the conductor in sequence; wherein the insulating layer is fluorosilicone rubber; the cable further comprises a protective layer wrapped outside the shielding layer, and the protective layer is fluorosilicone rubber.

2. The cable of claim 1, wherein, The fluorosilicone rubber is a polytetrafluoroethylene-silicone rubber copolymer.

3. The cable of claim 1, wherein, The insulating layer and / or the protective layer is a wrapped structure.

4. The cable of claim 1, wherein, The shielding layer is polyimide metal-plated or carbon fiber metal-plated.

5. The cable of claim 4, wherein, The metal plated in the polyimide metal-plated and the carbon fiber metal-plated is silver or nickel.

6. The cable of claim 1, wherein, The conductor comprises a plurality of conductor filaments, and the conductor filaments are silver or copper silver-plated.

7. The cable of claim 6, wherein, The diameter of the conductor filaments is d, wherein d satisfies: 0.08mm≤d<0.2mm.

8. The cable according to claim 4, 5 or 7, characterized in that, The shielding layer is a net structure.

9. The cable of claim 8, wherein, The weaving density of the net structure is 80%-95%.

10. An aircraft characterized by, The cable comprises any one of the cables in claims 1-9.

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